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Electoral Materials

Title	Description
Proposal for Production of Political Party Information for the Parliamentary Election in Timor-Leste 2007	This is a proposal for production of political party information for the 2007 parliamentary election in Timor-Leste.
Poster from the Production of Political Party Information for the 2007 Parliamentary Election in Timor-Leste	This is a poster from the production of political party information for the 2007 parliamentary election in Timor-Leste.
Handout from Production of Political Party Information for the 2007 Parliamentary Election in Timor-Leste	This is a handout from the production of political party information for the 2007 parliamentary election in Timor-Leste.
Letter and Attachment to Party Presidents - Inviting and Specifying Content for Production of Political Party Information	This is a letter and attachment to party presidents, inviting and specifying content regarding production of political party information for the 2007 Parliamentary Election in Timor-Leste.
New Zealand Media Observation Mission Report 2007 Timor-Leste Elections Stage Two	This is the second-stage report from the specialist news media focused election observation fielded by New Zealand at the 2007 Timor-Leste elections. It includes a parliamentary election-eve communiqué, along with detailed methodology, exposition and analysis.
2007 Timor-Leste Presidential Elections - New Zealand Media Observation Mission Stage One Report	This is a first-stage bilingual report issued ahead of the presidential run-off election, from the specialist news media focused election observation fielded by New Zealand at the 2007 Timor-Leste elections.
Timor-Leste Elections 2007 – News Media Observation Mission	This is an overview, prepared beforehand, of the specialist news media focused election observation fielded by New Zealand at the 2007 Timor-Leste elections.
Worshop on Islamist Mass Movements
Panamá: Mundo Electoral/Electoral World año 1-No. 1, Tribunal Electoral (2008)	Revista bilingüe de publicación cuatrimestral del Tribunal Electoral de Panamá; Four-month bilingual journal published by the Electoral Tribunal of Panama.
United Kingdom: Voluntary Guidelines on Reporting Opinion Polls	This is an article on BBC's internal guidelines on opinion polls (written by Richard Carver).
United Kingdom: Self-Regulation for election broadcasting	An article on UK's long operating system of self-regulation for election broadcasting and criticisms toward it (written by Richard Carver)
Russia: Complaints Procedure (1993)	article on the Arbitration Court on Information Matters, an ad hoc body established specifically for the 1993 parliamentary elections. (written by Richard Carver)
Questions to Ask About Opinion Polling	This is an article written by Richard Carver regarding how to read and use the opinion poll results. It includes the questions that journalists need to ask when they use the results of opinion polls (who conducted the poll and how, etc.).
Coverage of Opinion Polls	This is an article on the use of opinion polls (written by Richard Carver).
Malawi: Electoral Commission as Media Regulator (1994)	The electoral commission's roles as a media regulator in the 1994 presidential and parliamentary elections in Malawi (written by Richard Carver)
Italy: An Existing Regulatory Body	article on different procedures for the public and private media (written by Richard Carver)
Bosnia: the Media Monitoring Centre	Article on the role of the Media Monitoring Centre in Bosnia, written by Richard Carver
Bosnia: Specialist Media and Elections Regulator	Article describing the "Media Experts Commission" (MEC) established in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Written by Richard Carver
United Kingdom: The Operations of the Regulator on Hate Speech	(written by Richard Carver)
Rwanda: Hate Speech	article on Radio television libre des mille collines (RTLM)'s hate speech in Rwanda conflict (written by Richard Carver)
Canada: Paid Political Advertising	(written by Richard Carver)
Bosnia: The Operations of the Regulator on Hate Speech	(written by Richard Carver)
United Arab Emirates: BBC News - First day ends in UAE elections (2006)	Polling has ended on the first day of landmark national elections in the United Arab Emirates, in which under 1% of citizens are allowed to vote.
Recommendation on Measures Concerning Media Coverage (Council of Europe, 1999)	This is a recommendation by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe to Member States on measures concerning media coverage of election campaigns. It covers measures concerning both the print and broadcast media, and also measures to protect the media during election time. It was adapted by the Committee in 1999.
Brazil: Law on Election Broadcasting	The document presents the Law on Election Broadcasting of Brazil (note: the size of this file is very big: 46MB)
ARTICLE19 Election Reporting Guidelines	Guidelines for broadcast coverage of election campaigns in transitional democracies
Zimbabwe: A Report on Press Practices and Ethics (2002)	The report "Free and Fair: an Ambition for Press Reporting" prepared by the media observation team and submitted to the Commonwealth Press Union (CPU). The primary mandate of the observation team was to monitor Zimbabwe newspapers.
Report on the Proceeding: Media and Elections (IMPACS 2001)	The file "Report on the Proceedings: Media and elections - The IMPACS 2001 roundtable" by the Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society (IMPACS), Vancouver, B.C. by Ross Howard
Media and Elections Case Studies	A comprehensive analysis on media and elections edited by Christophoros Christophorou, commissioned by the European Institute for the Media. Case studies are mostly from Europe.
Elections Reporting Handbook (IMPACS 2004)	The handbook "Elections Reporting Handbook" by the Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society (IMPACS)
South Africa: Media and Election Reporting in South Africa (2004)	Seminar Report by the German Foundation Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung
Matrix to define your message	Matrix exmple that can be used as part of communication stratergy planning for EMBs (written by Richard Carver)
Iraq: A Reporter's Guide to Election Coverage (2005)	Journalists Manual published by several organisations, such as UNESCO, INSI, Index on Censorship and many individuals. This manual contains the first edition of documents covering the election process in Iraq.
Effective Media Communications Skills (IMPACS)	This article written by the Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society (IMPACS) discusses what needs to be taken into consideration when organisations are planning to issue news releases, conduct interviews, and so on. Some checklists and sample formats are also included.
Media Communications Toolkit (IMPACS)	This Toolkit developed by the "Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society" (IMPACS) examines various media tools used in election coverage, suc as: ads, news release, media conference, and more.
Communications Planning (IMPACS)	An article that examines the communications planning strategies for non-profit organisations. This is written by the "Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society" (IMPACS)
Ukraine: IMI Article 19, Election Monitoring Newsletter (2005)	IMI A 19 Newsletter, NO. 11, 28. Sept 2005. The newsletter highlights some of the trends in the Ukrainian persidential candidates' access to media, and media coverage of the campaign period of August to November 2005.
IDEA draft code of conduct on media and elections	This draft code of conduct covers obligations to individual journalists, editers and owners, political parties and candidates and election management bodies.
Hungary: Code of Conduct for Internet Content Providers (2002)	The Code of Conduct formulated by the Hungarian Association of Content Providers (MTE) in cooperation with the National Election Committee sets forth the liability and duties of Content Providers, political advertisement using Internet, pre-election media blackout and opinion polls.
Media Preconditions for Free and Fair Elections (2002)	The article "What are the media preconditions for an election to qualify as being 'free and fair'?" by Guy Berger prepared as a discussion document for the "South African National Editor's Forum" (SANEF) in 2002. The article sets six conditions to be met by the media for free and fair elections.
Slovakia: Election Law Article 15 on Pre-Election Campaign
Russia: Excerpt from Presidential Election Law on Use of Media (1999)	Excerpts from the Presidential Election Law of Russia, from Article 44 to 50, regulating the use of media during the elections.
Poland: Media Regulations from Parliamentary Election Law (1993)
Nigeria: Electoral Act Articles Regulating the Use of Media (2002)	This is an excerpt from Electoral Act of Nigeria (from article 92 to article 96), which stipulates what constitutes the electoral offenses in the use of media during the election campaign.
Albania: Excerpt from Election Law on the Use of Media (1992, amended in 1997)
Moldova: Excerpt from Election Code on the Use of Media	This is the article 47 "Pre-election Campaigning" from Election Code in Moldova. This article deals with the use of media during the pre-election period.
Ukraine: Excerpt from the Presidential Election Law on the Use of Media	This document features Article 32 on the "Use of Mass Media in Pre-Election Campaign Publicity" from the Presidential Election Law of Ukraine.
South Africa: Promoting Gender Equality in and through Media (2002)	This is the case study presented at the United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women (DAW) Expert Group Meeting on “Participation and access of women to the media, and the impact of media on, and its use as an instrument for the advancement and empowerment of women”, Beirut, Lebanon, 2002.
Iraq: Code for Media during Elections	This Code for Media during Elections (the “Code”) regulates specific activities by the Media during the Campaign Period, as such terms are defined herein. It supplements the Iraqi National Communications and Media Commission (NCMC) Interim Broadcasting Programme Code.
Iraq: Political Dynamics in Advance of Parliamentary Elections (2005)	The paper "Iraq: Political Dynamics in Advance of Parliamentary Elections" by Zaineb Naji and Daud Salman for the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
Afghanistan JEMB update E 007 (2005 ENG)	Joint Electoral Managment Body UPDATE Edition 007.
Afghanistan JEMB update E 006 (2005 ENG)	Joint Electoral Managment Body UPDATE Edition 006.
United Kingdom: Decision of Broadcasting Standards Commission (1)	complaint case against British National Party Election Broadcast
Philippines: The Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility Issues Report [2007]	The Center for Media Freedom and Responsibility (CMFR) has issued a report on the May 14 elections for the bicameral legislature and local government officials in the Philippines. The report examines the orders given by the Commission on Elections (COMELEC), failings in the election system, and citizens' opinions of the election process.
Afghanistan Small Grant Programe E2 (2005 Pashto)	Small Grant Programe Edition 002 Pashto.
Afghanistan Small Grant Programe E2 (2005 ENG)	Small Grant Programe Edition 002 ENG
Afghanistan Small Grant Programe E1 (2005 ENG)	Small Grant Programe Edition 001.
Media and Elections Project - Central and Eastern European Countries	This preparatory study on the regulatory framework for media coverage of elections in Central and Eastern Europe is commissioned by the Association of Central and Eastern European Election Officials (ACEEEO). It consists of three parts: (i) an explanatory report to the questionnaire on the legal framework in relation to media coverage of elections in Central and Eastern Europe, (ii) the draft questionnaire itself and (iii) a bibliography.
United Kingdom: Wokingham District Council - Election Fact Pack (2005)	Sample of an election fact pack for journalists by the Wokingham District Council
Gambia: Timeline to communicate the key messages of communications plan (2004)	Table containing information put together by the EMB in Gambia on timing, messages and techniques to create a specific plan to communicate the key messages of the communications plan stating what needed to be done when and by whom.
SWOT table	An example of SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats - A technique commonly used in communication planning, that can be also used for EMB's communication planning) (written by Richard Carver)
An Example of SWOT analysis	An example of "Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats" (SWOT) Analysis, a technique commonly used in communication planning, that can be also used for EMB's communication planning, by Richard Carver.
Sri Lanka: Report of the Election Media Monitoring Team (CPU, 2000)	This is a report of the Election Media Monitoring Team of the Commonwealth Press Union (CPU) in Sri Lanka during elections in October 2000.
United States: Questionnaire for Voters on Presidential Primary (2004)	This questionnaire was distributed to the voters in New Hampshire during the Democratic Party's primaries for the Presidential elections in 2004, voters were asked to complete it after casting a vote. The survey was conducted by Edison Media Research/Mitofsky International and used by National Election Pool.
New Zealand: Media Kit (2005)	General Information for the media for the 2005 general elections in New Zealand, compiled by the Chief Electoral Office. This information kit contains key dates, statistics and information.
Namibia: Code of Ethics for Media	The "Code of Ethics" for the Namibian Media covers a number of subjects, such as accurate reporting, corrections, right of reply, the definition of public interests, the protection of privacy, and more.
Mongolia: Media and Election Laws	This is an excerpt from election laws in Mongolia. This English version was made available in the website of Globe International NGO.
International Treaties on Media and Elections
UN Rapporteur on Freedom of Expression: Report 1999	Report from the 55th session's meeting of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, covering civil and political rights. The report also covers of freedom of expression (Report of the Special Rapporteur on the protection and promotion of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, by Mr. Abid Hussain)
United Kingdom: BBC guidelines on election coverage	BBC producer's guidlines 1993 - selected extracts ("Broadcasting during the Elections" and "Opinion Polls")
South Africa: IBA Formula for allocating party broadcasting (1999)	guideline published by the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) on party broadcasting
South Africa: IBA Guidelines for broadcast licensees (1999)	This is the guideline provided by South Africa's Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) that determines how Party Election Broadcasts on national and regional radio stations should be allocated.
South Africa: IBA Guidelines on election coverage (1999)	guidelines published by the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) on election coverage
Poland: laws and regulations on election broadcasting	Selected laws and regulations on electoral broadcasts and coverage of elections on radio and television in Poland
Afghanistan Small Grant Programe E1 (2005 Pashto)	Small Grant Programe Edition 1 Pashto
Afghanistan JEMB update E 004 (2005 ENG)	Joint Electoral Managment Body UPDATE Edition 004.
Afghanistan Media Law (2004 Dari)	Media Law 2004 Dari.
Afghanistan JEMB Update E 002 (2005 ENG)	Joint Electoral Managment Body UPDATE Edition oo2.
Commonwealth Press Union - Elections and Election Reporting (2005)	Statement by the Commonwealth Press Union (CPU) about its engagement in advocating and implementing election reporting courses for political and other journalists and providing media election monitoring.
Commonwealth Election Broadcasting Guidelines (2001)	The "Commonwealth Election Broadcasting Guidelines" published by the Commonwealth Broadcasting Association for the Commonwealth Secretariat (2001).
Afghanistan: Media Monitoring Report 24.7 - 16. Aug (2005)	Media Monitoring Report of the pre-electoral period (24.7 - 16.8.2005) by the Media Commission
Serbia and Montenegro: Law on State Election Broadcasting (1998)	Resolution on rules for political parties' presentation in public media founded by state during the election campaign in Montenegro
Malawi: Election Reporting Guidelines - Election Commission (1994)	Procedures for media coverage of Parliamentary and Presidential Elections
International Federation of Journalists: Election Reporting Handbook	a media for democracy handbook
Indonesia: sample press materials from election authority (1998)	This is a copy of the list of contents from Media Information Kits for the Indonesia's General Election in 1998.
Cambodia: Media and Elections Guidelines (UNTAC 1992)	Media guidelines for Cambodia, drafted by the Information/Education Division of the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) in 1992
Afghanistan Small Grant Programe E3 (2005 Pashto)	Small Grant Programe Edition 003 Pashto.
Afghanistan JEMB update E 010 (2005 ENG)	Joint Electoral Managment Body UPDATE Edition 010
Afghanistan JEMB Update E 003 (2005 ENG)	Joint Electoral Managment Body UPDATE Edition 003.
Afghanistan JEMB Update E 001 (2005 Eng)	Joint Electoral Managment Body UPDATE Edition 001.
Bosnia: Media Monitoring Methodology	Document describing the methodology used by the Media Monitoring Center (MMC) in Bosnia Herzegovina
Barbados: Law on Election Broadcasting (1990)	This is the general election regulation in Barbados that sets the allocation of time for political broadcast.
Methodology of Monitoring Broadcast and Print Media (2003)	Paper by MEMO98, a slovakian NGO, outlining a methodology to monitor the media broadcast and the print media reporting about political parties and candidates.
Mediate the Conflict (IMPACS 2002)	This is a keynote address by Ross Howard, a project manager for the Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society (IMPACS), to a seminar on the role of the media in peacebuilding. It discusses the neutrality and impartiality of the media and the media's potential roles in peacebuilding.
Handbook on Media Monitoring (Chapter 5, NDI)	This file contains Chapter 5 of the Handbook on Media Monitoring by the National Democtratic Institute (NDI). This chapter introduces Monitoring Instructions.
Handbook on Media Monitoring (Chapter 4, NDI)	This is the file of Chapter 4 from the Handbook on Media Monitoring, published by National Democratic Institute (NDI). This Chapter discusses The Basics for Media Monitoring.
Standards for EMBs use of the Internet	Challenging the norms and standards of election administration: Standards for EMBs use of the Internet. Draft by Mr Steven Clift. IFES.
Tanzania: Media Code of Conduct (2000)	media code of conduct for election reporting 2000
Afghanistan Small Grant Programe E3 (2005 ENG)	Small Grant Programe Edition 003 ENG.
Afghanistan: Media Monitoring Report 17.Aug - 15. Sep (2005)	Media Monitoring Report of the Election Campaign, 17. August - 15. September 2005 by the Media Commission
Afghanistan: Media Monitoring Report 17. - 30. Aug (2005)	Media Monotitoring Report bei the Media Commission: The first two weeks of the official election campaign.
ACEEEO recommendation on media coverage of elections	Recommendation on media coverage of elections by the ASSOCIATION OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN ELECTION OFFICIALS (ACEEEO)
Handbook on Media Monitoring (Chapter 6, NDI)	The file features Chapter 6 of the Handbook on Media Monitoring by the National Democtratic Institute (NDI). This chapter covers the sections "Reporting Your Results", "Conclusion" and the Appendices.
Afghanistan JEMB update E 009 (2005 ENG)	Joint Electoral Managment Body UPDATE Edition 009.
Afghanistan JEMB update E 008 (2005 ENG)	Joint Electoral Managment Body UPDATE Edition 008.
Armenia: Interim report from the CMI Caucasus Media Institute and Council of Europe on Media Monitoring (2007)	This is an Interim Report on Media Monitoring of Television and Radio Coverage of Political Actors in Armenia: 8-30 April 2007 Inclusive (Phase Three Campaign Period). The report is in English.
Afghanistan JEMB update 005 (2005 eng)	Joint Electoral Managment Body UPDATE Edition 005
New Zealand: Media Kit for 2005 Elections	A comprehensive "Media Kit" for the 2005 Parliamentary elections in New Zealand produced by "Elections New Zealand".
Australia: Electoral Advertising (2007)	This is the 15th edition of the "Electoral Backgrounder" published by the Australian Electoral Commission (AEC). The Electoral Backgrounders provide a basic introduction to electoral law, policy and procedures for the information and guidance of all interested parties. This Electoral Backgrounder provides a basic introduction to electoral advertising.
Slovakia: Media Monitoring Report (1998)	A Sample Media Monitoring Report attached to "the Media Monitoring to Promote Democratic Elections", a handbook for the media monitoring project, published by National Democratic Institute (NDI)
Handbook on Media Monitoring (Chapter 1-3, NDI)	The handbook for the Media Monitoring Project of the National Democratic Institute (NDI). This file contains the folowing chapters: 1)Introduction; 2)Initiating a Media Monitoring Project; 3)Planning and Organization.