Armenia
- Boundary Delimitation
- Direct Democracy
- Electoral Management
- Electoral Systems
- Legislative Framework
- Media and Elections
- Parties and Candidates
- Vote Counting
- Voter Education
- Voting Operations
- Voter Registration
Boundary Delimitation
BD01 Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
a. Yes
Comments: For conducting the National Assembly majority elections, 56 constituencies are formed on the territory of the Republic of Armenia.
Source: Electoral Code, article 17.
Last updated: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 08:48:08 GMT
BD02 The authority responsible for final approval of the constituency boundaries is:
c. The Electoral Management Body
Comments: The constituencies are formed and numbered by the Central Electoral Commission.
Source: Electoral Code, article 17, paragraph 1, subparagraph 3.
Last updated: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 08:49:13 GMT
BD03 On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
a. "Equality" of population
c. Compactness of constituencies
Comments: For conducting the National Assembly majority elections 75 constituencies are formed on the territory of the Republic of Armenia, which shall meet the following requirements: a) equal number of voters shall be included in the constituencies; up to 15 per cent difference of the number of voters is allowed. b) Constituencies form a unified territory; it is not allowed to include precincts without common borders in one constituency. c) constituencies are formed and numbered by the Central Electoral Commission, on the basis of the number of voters registered in their regions, which is provided by the Governors. The data is submitted according to the communities, at least 95 days prior to the day of elections.
Source: Electoral Code, article 17.
Last updated: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 08:49:55 GMT
BD04 If population is a criterion, which population figure is used?
c. Number of registered voters
Comments: Constituencies are formed and numbered by the Central Electoral Commission on the basis of the number of voters registered in their regions, which is provided by the Governors. The data is submitted according to the communities at least 95 days prior to the day of elections.
Source: Electoral Code, article 17, paragraph 1, subparagraph 3.
Last updated: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 08:51:06 GMT
BD05 The body responsible for drawing the boundaries is:
d. Electoral management body
Source: Electoral Code, article 17.
Last updated: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 08:51:37 GMT
BD06 What statistical or other reasons trigger the redrawing of electoral constituency boundaries?
k. Boundaries redrawn every____period of years
Comments: 4 years. The Central Electoral Commission establishes and publishes the numbered list of the single-mandate constituencies and their scheme at least 90 days prior to the day of elections. During extraordinary elections constituencies do not undergo changes.
Source: Electoral Code, article 17.
Last updated: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 08:53:32 GMT
Direct Democracy
DD01 Please provide information about the person completing the questionnaire.
a. Name and Title: Attila Vincze
b. Job Title: reserchear
c. Organisation: ACEEEO
d. Contact Address. Budapest, V. Alkotmány street 25. Hungary Postal Address: Budapest, P.O. BOX: 81. 1450 Hungary
e. Telephone: + 36 1 354 02 65
f. Facsimile: + 36 1 354 02 64
g. Email: Attila.Vincze@gmx.net
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:07:56 UTC
DD02 Which forms of direct democracy, if any, are currently possible at the national level?
Please check the glossary for the definition of the following terms:
a. Mandatory referendum
b. Optional referendum
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA Constitution of Republic of Armenia art 75, 111 et seq.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:11:00 UTC
DD03 What is the legal basis for mandatory referendums at the national level?
a. Constitutional
b. Specific laws/legislation
Source: Art 111 et seq. Constitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:12:33 UTC
DD04 What is the legal basis for optional referendums at the national level?
a. Constitutional
b. Specific laws/legislation
Source: Art 111 et seq. Constitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:14:18 UTC
DD05 What is the legal basis for citizens' initiatives at the national level?
e. Not applicable
Source: Art 111 et seq. Constitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:15:07 UTC
DD06 What is the legal basis for agenda initiatives at the national level?
e. Not applicable
Source: Art 75 Constitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:16:10 UTC
DD07 What is the legal basis for recalls at the national level?
e. Not applicable
Comments: No recall is permitted
Source: Constitution, Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:16:43 UTC
DD08 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for mandatory referendums at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
b. Specific laws/legislation
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:17:09 UTC
DD09 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for optional referendums at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
b. Specific laws/legislation
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:17:39 UTC
DD10 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for citizens' initiatives at the national level?
Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
e. Not applicable
Source: Art 111 et seq. Constitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:19:52 UTC
DD100 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for an agenda initiative?
f. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:28:54 UTC
DD101 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for a recall?
f. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Source:
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:29:35 UTC
DD102 What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a referendum?
d. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:30:01 UTC
DD103 What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a citizens' initiative?
d. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:30:26 UTC
DD104 What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a recall?
d. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:30:55 UTC
DD105 Who is responsible for checking the signatures?
e. Not applicable
Source: art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:31:19 UTC
DD106 Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in a referendum?
a. Agency/department responsible for the administration of direct democracy mechanisms
Source: Art 15 Law on referendum, Art 7 Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:32:30 UTC
DD107 Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in an initiative?
g. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:33:05 UTC
DD108 Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in a recall?
g. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:33:26 UTC
DD109 What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for a referendum?
c. Radio broadcasts
d. TV broadcasts
e. Press advertisements
f. Website
g. Other(specify)
Comments: posters
Source: Electoral Code www.elections.am Artak Sahradyan – Former Head of Central Electoral Commission
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:43:42 UTC
DD11 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for agenda initiatives at the national level?
Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
e. Not applicable
Source: Art 75 Constitution
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:20:14 UTC
DD110 What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for an initiative?
i. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:46:12 UTC
DD111 What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for a recall?
i. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:46:33 UTC
DD112 Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in a referendum?
a. Compulsory registration of campaigners and campaign groups
b. Expenditure limits
c. Contribution limits
d. Restrictions on the sources of contributions
e. Disclosure requirements
Comments: Fund for the Referendum Campaign 1. Those who are eligible for campaigning can create a referendum fund for the purpose of funding the referendum campaign. 2. The means of the fund are accumulated in the Central bank of Armenia in a special account. 3. The fund is formed from the personal means, voluntary payments of private persons and legal entities. 4. The following have no right to contribution to the fund: a) state and local self - governing bodies b) fiscal institutions (organizations) c) foreign private persons and legal entities d) stateless persons e) charitable and religious organizations, international organizations and international non-governmental movements. f) those organizations which have foreign means in the amount of more than 30 per cent in their share capital. Their contribution to the fund will be passed the state budget. 5. The general amount of contributions must not exceed 10000 – times of the value of minimal salaries of the adopted balance basis of Republic of Armenia. 6. It is forbidden to spend means not included in the fund during the campaign. The Central Bank in three days periodicity presents reference to the Central Commission on the financial activities of the funds, which are terminated one day prior to the voting.
Source: Art 21 law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:47:26 UTC
DD113 Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in an initiative?
h. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:48:06 UTC
DD114 Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in a recall?
h. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:48:42 UTC
DD115 What is the period during which these controls apply for a referendum?
a. Fixed time period (specify)
Comments: The campaign begins on the day when the referendum is appointed and ends one day prior to the day of voting
Source: Art 20 para 3 law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:49:45 UTC
DD116 What is the period during which these controls apply for an initiative?
c. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Constitution, electoral code, law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:50:21 UTC
DD117 What is the period during which these controls apply for a recall?
c. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:50:42 UTC
DD118 Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for a referendum? Specify in the “Comments” section below.
c. All campaign organisations
Source: Art 18 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:51:19 UTC
DD119 Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for an initiative? Specify in the “Comments” section below.
f. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Constitution, electoral code, law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:51:51 UTC
DD12 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for recalls at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
e. Not applicable
Source: Constitution THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:23:37 UTC
DD120 Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for a recall? Specify in the “Comments” section below.
f. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:52:15 UTC
DD121 Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for a referendum?
Specify in the “Comments” section below.
b. Free media access
Source: Art 18 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:52:42 UTC
DD122 Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for an initiative?
Specify in the “Comments” section below.
g. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Constitution, electoral code, law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:58:00 UTC
DD123 Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for a recall?
Specify in the “Comments” section below.
g. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:58:28 UTC
DD124 If free media access is provided, what are the criteria for allocating broadcast time / printing space?
a. equality
Source: Art 18 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:59:24 UTC
DD125 Is the government permitted to campaign either in favour of or against any specific outcome to a referendum, initiatives or recall vote?
b. No
Comments: The below mentioned cannot campaign: a. State and local self-governing bodies, as well as their staff while performing their official duties b. Members of the Constitutional Court and Judges, officials of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and National Security, officials (staff) of the Prosecutor's office, and the military.
Source: Art 20 Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 13:00:20 UTC
DD126 What restrictions or controls, if any, are there on media coverage of the campaign and/or issue during the relevant period?
Comments: It is forbidden: a) To disseminate anonymous printed campaign materials. Whenever anonymous or false printed campaign materials are found, the informed Commission takes measures to prevent such activities and addresses the relevant bodies in order to eliminate the illegal activities. b) Giving (promising) - personally or through other means - money, food, bonds, and goods to citizens free of charge or on privileged terms or rendering (promising) services during the stage of campaign. c) To influence citizens eligible for participation in referendum orally or in written form, through music or visual means, to collect signatures, as well as to campaign on the issue submitted to referendum in other ways on the voting day and the day prior to it, within the precinct center or in its vicinity, as well as right at its entrance. d) To publish the result of voting of a citizen who participated in the referendum before the voting has finished e) To assemble in groups on the voting day in the area surrounding the precinct center, in the radius of 50 meters.
Source: Art 20 law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 13:01:42 UTC
DD127 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign for a recall?
e. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 13:03:30 UTC
DD13 When were direct democracy mechanisms first introduced into the legal framework at the national level?
Date (yyyy)
a. Mandatory referendum 1995/1991
b. Optional referendum 1995/1991
Comments: The new constitution has benn adopted via referedndum in 1995, the former law governing referenda is from 1991.
Source: Constitution Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:25:43 UTC
DD14 When was an administrative framework for direct democracy mechanisms first introduced at the national level? Date (yyyy)
a. Mandatory referendum 1991
b. Optional referendum 1991
Comments:
Source: art 39 THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:26:28 UTC
DD15 Who is responsible for managing the administration of direct democracy mechanisms at the national level?
b. Independent electoral commission
Source: Art 9 et seq. THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:30:55 UTC
DD16 Does this agency/department also manage the administration of national elections?
a. Yes
Source: Art 10 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:31:39 UTC
DD17 Are mandatory referendums currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:32:11 UTC
DD18 Are optional referendums currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:32:29 UTC
DD19 Are citizens' initiatives currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:32:49 UTC
DD20 Are agenda initiatives currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:33:14 UTC
DD21 Are recalls currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:33:34 UTC
DD22 Are mandatory referendums currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:33:59 UTC
DD23 Are optional referendums currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:34:20 UTC
DD24 Are citizens' initiatives currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:34:41 UTC
DD25 Are agenda initiatives currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:36:15 UTC
DD26 Are recalls currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:36:36 UTC
DD27 What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are mandatory at the national level?
a. Constitutional amendments
j. Other (specify)
Comments: Article 4. The Issues Submitted to Referendum 1. The issues of adopting a Constitution or making amendments to it can be submitted to referendum. 2. The following issues cannot be submitted to referendum: a) Articles 1, 2 and 114 of the Constitution b) the issues of prolonging or reducing the powers of incumbent President and incumbent National Assembly as well as incumbent state and local self-governing bodies c) the issues related to human and citizens’ rights, freedoms and obligations, the elimination or restriction of constitutional guarantees providing their implementation, as well as issues directly bestowed to the exclusive competence of state and local self-governing bodies constitutional rules governing referendum cannot be subject of referendum Laws adopted by referendum can be amended only via referendum
Source: Art 4 and 8 THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:38:57 UTC
DD28 What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are optional at the national level?
a. Constitutional amendments
b. Adoption of international treaties
c. Transfer of authority to international bodies
d. National sovereignty, national self-determination
f. Devolution
g. Civil service
h. Taxes and public expenditure commitments
i. Other public policy issues
j. Other (specify)
Comments: any laws can be subject of referendum
Source: Art 8 law on referendum, art 112 constitution
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:39:58 UTC
DD29 Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of referendums at the national level?
j. Other (specify)
Comments: Article 4. The Issues Submitted to Referendum 3. The issues of adopting a Constitution or making amendments to it can be submitted to referendum. 4. The following issues cannot be submitted to referendum: d) Articles 1, 2 and 114 of the Constitution e) the issues of prolonging or reducing the powers of incumbent President and incumbent National Assembly as well as incumbent state and local self-governing bodies f) the issues related to human and citizens’ rights, freedoms and obligations, the elimination or restriction of constitutional guarantees providing their implementation, as well as issues directly bestowed to the exclusive competence of state and local self-governing bodies in Art 114 are the constitutional rules governing referendum cannot be subject of referendum Article 1. The Republic of Armenia is a sovereign, democratic, social, rule-of-law state. Article 2. In the Republic of Armenia authority belongs to the people. The people exercise their authority through free elections and referenda, as well as through state and local self-governing bodies and official persons as provided in the Constitution. The seizure of authority by any organization or individual is a crime.
Source: Art 114 Constitution Art 4 law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:42:56 UTC
DD30 Which issues, if any, maybe the subject of sub-national referendums regulated at the national level?
e. None
Source: LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:43:21 UTC
DD31 Who can initiate a referendum at the national level?
a. Government
c. President
d. Legislative majority
Source: Art 111 et seq. Constitution, Art 4, 8 THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:43:46 UTC
DD32 Who is responsible for drafting the mandatory referendum question?
a. Government (specify department)
c. President
d. Legislature
Source: Art 4, 8 THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:45:19 UTC
DD33 Who is responsible for drafting the optional referendum question?
a. Government (specify department)
d. Legislature
Source: Art 4, 8 THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:45:52 UTC
DD34 Which of the following, if any, are required to be included in the mandatory referendum question?
a. The title of the proposal
b. The numbers of the articles or paragraphs of the legal instruments to which changes are proposed
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA Ballot paper for referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:49:12 UTC
DD35 Which of the following, if any, are required to be included in the optional referendum question?
a. The title of the proposal
b. The numbers of the articles or paragraphs of the legal intruments to which chnages are proposed
Source: THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA Ballot paper used for referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:49:48 UTC
DD36 Which institution(s) decides on the final form of the ballot text for mandatory referendums?
b. Independent electoral commission
Source: Art 24 THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA Art 82 Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:50:21 UTC
DD37 Which institution(s) decides on the final form of the ballot text for optional referendums?
b. Independent electoral commission
Source: Art 24 THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA Art 82 Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:50:47 UTC
DD38 What, if any, are the quorum requirements for a mandatory referendum to be valid? Please specify numbers/percentages.
a. Turnout quorum X
b. Approval quorum X
Comments: Article 113. The draft put up for a referendum is considered accepted if over half of the participants in the voting, but no less than one third of the citizens included in the voting lists, vote for it.
Source: Art 113 constitution
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:51:31 UTC
DD39 What, if any, are the quorum requirements for a optional referendum to be valid? Please specify numbers/percentages.
a. Turnout quorum X
b. Approval quorum X
Comments: Article 113. The draft put up for a referendum is considered accepted if over half of the participants in the voting, but no less than one third of the citizens included in the voting lists, vote for it.
Source: Art 113 constitution
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:52:05 UTC
DD40 What are the requirements for mandatory referendums to pass?
b. Qualified majority (specify % below)
Comments: Article 113. The draft put up for a referendum is considered accepted if over half of the participants in the voting, but no less than one third of the citizens included in the voting lists, vote for it.
Source: Art 113 Constitution
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:52:45 UTC
DD41 What are the requirements for optional referendums to pass?
b. Qualified majority (specify % below)
Comments: Article 113. The draft put up for a referendum is considered accepted if over half of the participants in the voting, but no less than one third of the citizens included in the voting lists, vote for it.
Source: Art 113 Constitution
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:53:21 UTC
DD42 In which areas, if any, do regulatory provisions differ between a referendum and a national election?
Tick all that apply and specify below in the comments section.
f. Other
Comments: None
Source: Art 3 THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA Art 2 Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:53:56 UTC
DD43 When is the outcome of a mandatory referendum binding?
b. Under certain circumstances (specify below)
Comments: If the question is accepted Article 113. The draft put up for a referendum is considered accepted if over half of the participants in the voting, but no less than one third of the citizens included in the voting lists, vote for it.
Source: Art 113 Constitution
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:54:39 UTC
DD44 When is the outcome of an optional referendum binding?
a. Always
Comments: If the question put up referendum is accepted Article 113. The draft put up for a referendum is considered accepted if over half of the participants in the voting, but no less than one third of the citizens included in the voting lists, vote for it.
Source: Art 113 Constitution Art 35 para 2 THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:55:25 UTC
DD45 Which types of issues can be proposed by citizens using the citizens' initiative process at the national level?
d. Not applicable
Source: Art 111, 75 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:56:38 UTC
DD46 Which types of issues can be proposed by citizens using the agenda initiative process at the national level?
d. Not applicable
Source: Art 111, 75 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:57:04 UTC
DD47 Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of a citizens' initiative at the national level?
k. None
Source: Art 111, 75 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:57:20 UTC
DD48 Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of an agenda initiative at the national level?
k. None
Source: Art 111, 75 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:57:40 UTC
DD49 Who may propose the registration of a citizens' initiative?
Please specify in the “Comments” section below.
d. Not applicable
Source: Art 111 et seq. , 75 Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:58:57 UTC
DD50 Who may propose the registration of an agenda initiative?
Please specify in the “Comments” section below.
d. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 11:59:57 UTC
DD51 What material is necessary to accompany an application for registration?
e. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:00:24 UTC
DD52 Who determines the title of a citizens' initiative?
f. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:00:40 UTC
DD53 Who determines the title of an agenda initiative?
f. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:00:57 UTC
DD54 Which, if any, of the following disqualify a proposed title of an initiative?
h. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:01:14 UTC
DD55 Which services are provided by the agency/department responsible for the administration of direct democracy mechanisms before an initiative can be published?
e. None
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:01:35 UTC
DD56 Under what circumstances is an initiative checked for constitutionality or legality?
d. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:01:50 UTC
DD57 If a check of the constitutionality or legality of an initiative takes place, who is responsible for undertaking it?
f. Other (specify)
Comments: not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:02:17 UTC
DD58 If a check of the constitutionality or legality of an initiative takes place, when does this happen?
f. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:02:54 UTC
DD59 Which institutions, if any, are given an opportunity to propose an alternative to proposals contained in a citizens’ initiative?
g. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:03:12 UTC
DD60 At which stage in the initiative process, if at all, can alternative proposals be made?
d. Not at all
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:03:35 UTC
DD61 What happens when there is a valid alternative proposal?
e. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:03:50 UTC
DD62 When an initiative proposal and an alternative proposal are put to the vote on the same day, what choices does the voter have?
f. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:04:06 UTC
DD63 Who decides the final ballot text?
f. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:04:22 UTC
DD64 Once an initiative is qualified for the ballot, the vote on it takes place:
d. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111 et seq. Cosntitution, THE LAW ON REFERENDUM OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:04:41 UTC
DD65 Which of the following individuals/positions may be subject to the recall mechanism?
k. Not applicable
Comments: No recall is permitted
Source: Constitution Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:05:14 UTC
DD66 What are the grounds upon which a recall may be launched?
e. None
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:05:35 UTC
DD67 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to the time period in which an individual/position can be recalled?
a. not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:05:55 UTC
DD68 If a recall qualifies for the ballot, when is it put to the vote?
d. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:06:10 UTC
DD69 When does the election to replace an individual who has been recalled take place?
c. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:06:24 UTC
DD70 If a separate ballot to replace an individual who has been recalled takes place, how soon after the recall ballot is it held?
a. not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:06:46 UTC
DD71 Can an individual who is the subject of a recall stand on the ballot for his/her own replacement?
c. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:07:11 UTC
DD72 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Comments: not applicable only government, president, and National Assembly may propose referendum
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:08:26 UTC
DD73 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a rejective referendum (optional)?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Comments: not applicable only government, president, and National Assembly may propose referendum
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:08:52 UTC
DD74 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a citizens' initiative?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:09:28 UTC
DD75 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for an agenda initiative?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:09:58 UTC
DD76 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional) has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:10:38 UTC
DD77 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for a rejective referendum (optional) has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:16:29 UTC
DD78 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for a citizens' initiative has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:16:47 UTC
DD79 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for an agenda initiative has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:17:08 UTC
DD80 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:19:29 UTC
DD81 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for a rejective referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:19:49 UTC
DD82 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for a citizens' initiative?
e. Not applicable
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:20:49 UTC
DD83 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for an agenda initiative?
e. Not applicable
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:21:12 UTC
DD84 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a recall?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:21:36 UTC
DD85 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for recall has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:21:58 UTC
DD87 Where can proposals for an abrogative referendum (optional) be signed?
g. Not applicable
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:23:03 UTC
DD88 Where can proposals for a rejective referendum (optional) be signed?
g. Not applicable
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:23:36 UTC
DD89 Where can proposals for a citizens' initiative be signed?
g. Not applicable
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:23:58 UTC
DD90 Where can proposals for an agenda initiative be signed?
g. Not applicable
Source: 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:24:21 UTC
DD91 Where can proposals for a recall be signed?
g. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:24:51 UTC
DD92 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:25:16 UTC
DD93 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a rejective referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:25:43 UTC
DD94 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a citizens' initiative?
e. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:26:09 UTC
DD95 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for an agenda initiative?
e. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:26:42 UTC
DD96 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a recall?
e. Not applicable
Comments: see D.1.1.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:27:05 UTC
DD97 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
f. Not applicable
Source: Art 75, 111, et seq, Constitution, electoral code, Law on referendum
Last updated: 2005-03-30 12:27:33 UTC
Electoral Management
EM01 Please provide the following contact information for the national electoral management body:
a. Name of Institution Central Election Commission
b. Full Address 21a G.Kochar, Yerevan, Armenia
c. Telephone 374 10 54 35 23
d. Facsimile 374 10 54 35 03
e. Email cec@intergalaxy.am
f. Website Address www.elections.am
g. Name and Title of Chairperson/President Garegin Azaryan; Chairman of the CEC
h. Information Officer Tatev Ohanyan
i. Official language of the electoral law governing national elections Armenian
Source: www.elections.am - official website of the Central Electoral Commission of Armenia
Last updated: 2008-04-22 06:29:07 UTC
EM02 Does this national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
a. National level
c. Local level
Source: Electoral Code, article 41.
Last updated: Mon, 03 Feb 2003 15:25:30 GMT
EM04 The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
c. The legislature
e. Another organ within the national government
g. Other
Comments: Expenses for organization and conduct of elections, including the compilation of the voter lists, as well as the required expenses for the activities of electoral commissions are covered by the state budget. Relevant expenses are envisaged by separate budget line of the state budget. The funds envisaged for elections are allocated to the Central Electoral Commission within five days after the elections are assigned. In the event of the conduct of extraordinary elections they are funded from the reserve fund of the state budget, in the event of its impossibility they are funded from the reserve of the Central Bank, on the condition that it is afterwards reimbursed from the state budget. If the budgetary funds are not allocated to the Central Electoral Commission on time, or if there are no funds available in the reserve of the Armenian Central Bank, or if the allocated means have not been sufficient for funding the extraordinary elections or the second round of the elections, then the Central Electoral Commission has the right to receive a loan from private banks on competitive basis, on the condition that the loan will be paid off by the Government within 3 months time. The Central Electoral Commission establishes the procedure for the distribution of financial resources between the commissions. The chair persons of the electoral commissions manage the financial resources and hold responsibility for the effective use of the financial resources in the procedure established by the Central Electoral Commission.
Source: Electoral Code, article 24.
Last updated: 2008-04-22 06:29:07 UTC
EM05 The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
d. A national government department
Comments: Ministry of Finance.
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com / cec(a)web.am
Last updated: 2008-04-22 06:29:07 UTC
EM06 The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
c. For an unspecified period
Comments: The electoral commissions ensure the realization and the protection of citizens electoral rights. During the performance of their authorities, the electoral commissions are independent from the state and local self-governing bodies. Central and Regional Electoral Commissions function on a permanent basis. The decisions of electoral commissions, adopted within the framework of their authorities, are binding.
Source: Electoral Code, articles 32.2
Last updated: 2008-04-22 06:29:07 UTC
EM08 According to official sources, what was the estimated overall cost (in US dollars if available) of the most recent national elections?
a. estimated total: 500000
b. Exchange rate used 1 USD = 550 drams
Last updated: 2008-04-22 06:26:34 UTC
EM09 What was the total number of registered voters or, where there was no voter roll, the estimated number of eligible voters?
a. Total number: 2 250 000
Last updated: 2008-04-22 06:26:34 UTC
Electoral Systems
ES01 How is the Head of State selected?
c. Directly elected in general elections (absolute majority with 2nd round if necessary)
Source: Armenian Constitution, articles 50 and 51.
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 11:19:58 GMT
ES02 How is the Head of Government selected?
e. Appointed
Comments: The president of the Republic, shall, on the basis of the distribution of the seats in the National Assembly and consultations held with the parliamentary factions, appoint as Prime Minister the person enjoying confidence of the majority of the Deputies and if this is impossible the President of the Republic shall appoint as the Prime Minister the person enjoying confidence of the maximum number of the Deputies.
Source: Armenian Constitution, article 55 (paragraph 4).
Last updated: 2008-04-22 06:07:44 UTC
ES03 Does the country have a president?
a. Yes
Source: Armenian Constitution, Chapter 3.
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 11:22:47 GMT
ES04 The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
a. One chamber
Source: Armenian Constitution, Chapter 4.
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 11:23:43 GMT
ES05 What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
e. Parallel (Segmented) (PR Lists and Majoritarian constituencies)
Comments: 90 deputies are elected by PR lists and 41 by majoritarian electoral system. The National Assembly is comprised of 131 delegates.
Source: Electoral Code, article 95 and Armenian Constitution, article 63.
Last updated: 2008-04-22 06:12:06 UTC
ES11 If special constituencies or seats are reserved in Chamber 1, specify which interest groups, and the proportion of total seats reserved for:
e. Not applicable X
Last updated: 2008-04-22 06:07:44 UTC
Legislative Framework
LF01 What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
a. Part of Constitution
b. Separate legislation
Source: Armenian Constitution Electoral Code of the Republic of Armenia adopted by the National Assembly in December 2007.
Last updated: 2008-04-22 06:25:38 UTC
LF03 The national electoral law covers:
a. National elections
c. Local elections
Source: election of the president, chapters 13-18, article 64 et seq electoral code election of the national assembly, chapters 19-24, article 94 et seq electoral code election of self governing bodies, chapters 25-30, article 120 et seq electoral code
Last updated: 2008-04-22 06:25:38 UTC
LF04 Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
a. Voting is voluntary
Source: Electoral Code, article 1 (paragraph 2)
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 11:58:15 GMT
LF07 What are the agency(ies) responsible for first level of formal electoral disputes?
a. Judiciary
b. EMB
Comments: Complaints about decisions or actions (inaction) of Precinct Electoral Commissions, including requests for a recount of the precinct voting results, shall be submitted to the appropriate Territorial Electoral Commission. Complaints about decisions or actions (inaction) of Territorial Electoral Commissions shall be submitted to the administrative court, except the ones concerning decisions on election results. Decisions or action (inaction) of the Central Electoral Commission, except decisions on election results, may be appealed in administrative court...
Source: Electoral Code, articles 40.
Last updated: 2008-04-22 06:25:38 UTC
Media and Elections
ME01 Please provide information about the person completing the questionnaire.
a. Name and Title: Attila Vincze
b. Job Title: reserchear
c. Organisation: ACEEEO
d. Contact Address: Budapest, V. Alkotmány street 25. Hungary Postal Address: Budapest, P.O. BOX: 81. 1450 Hungary
e. Telephone: + 36 1 354 02 65
f. Facsimile: + 36 1 354 02 64
g. Email: Attila.Vincze@gmx.net
Last updated: 2005-03-24 12:03:39 UTC
ME02 Which of the following types of radio stations are present at a national level in your country?
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
Source: Freedom House
Last updated: 2005-03-24 12:04:38 UTC
ME03 Which of the following types of television stations are present at a national level in your country?
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
Source: Freedom House
Last updated: 2005-03-24 12:05:39 UTC
ME04 Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers are present at a national level in your country?
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
Source: Freedom House
Last updated: 2005-03-24 12:06:56 UTC
ME05 Which of the following do you believe best describes the print media situation at the national level in your country?
c. Competition exists between government newspaper and at least one private newspaper
Comments: Armenia’s 80 or so newspapers (according to official figures) offer more diverse opinions than the broadcast media. The state-owned national daily, Hayastani Hanrapetutyun, has a circulation of 6,000, and there are 6 privately owned national dailies. Pro-Kocharian papers include the dailies Azg (3,000) and Hayots Ashkhar (3,500), the biweekly Golos Armenii (3,500), and the weekly Yerkir (2,500). Offering a more liberal, pro-Western perspective are Aravot (5,000) and Haykakan Zhamanak (5,500). The left-wing biweekly Iravunk (15,000) is also opposed to the current authorities. The independent dailies Orran (3,000) and Or (2,500) began publishing in 2002. Most broadcast and print media organizations in Armenia are privately owned and funded. However, although the country’s newspapers offer a plurality of views, their low circulation presents them with serious financial constraints. They are dependent on private sponsors, often with significant vested political or economic interests. More than half of Armenia’s newspapers are distributed by the Haymamul agency, which is run by a government-appointed director. The government declared its intention to privatize the agency in 2001 but since then has sold off only the sales kiosks, leaving Haymamul with control over distribution.
Source: Freedom House
Last updated: 2005-03-24 12:08:24 UTC
ME06 What proportion of the population can receive transmissions of the national level programming of private radio stations?
a. Over 60%
Source: Freedom House
Last updated: 2005-03-24 12:11:22 UTC
ME08 What proportion of the population can receive transmissions of the national level programming of private television stations?
a. Over 60%
Source: Freedom house
Last updated: 2005-03-24 12:12:58 UTC
ME09 In your opinion, which of the following types of media in your country have a public reputation for being independent?
c. Public television
Comments: The state-run Armenian Public Television is the country’s most influential media outlet. Its output is overwhelmingly biased in favor of the authorities. The leading private stations—Prometevs, Armenia, ALM, and Shant—are owned by wealthy businessmen and are also pro-Kocharian, thereby giving the incumbent a huge advantage over his rivals in the presidential election. “In general,” reported the OSCE, “the media’s coverage of the election demonstrated that Armenia still lacks a strong and independent media able to provide balanced information to enable the electorate to make a well-informed decision.” The OSCE’s assessment of media coverage of the parliamentary election was more favorable. It reported that although the private stations were still biased toward the incumbent government, public television generally provided unbiased coverage of the campaign
Source: Freedom House
Last updated: 2005-03-24 12:14:36 UTC
ME11 What laws, if any, guarantee freedom of access to public information for representatives of the media?
a. a
Comments: Law on Freedom of Information and an amendment to the administrative offenses code, which states that government officials obstructing the gathering of news can be fined
Source: Freedom House
Last updated: 2005-03-24 12:15:16 UTC
ME13 What are the laws, if any, which govern the operations of the public broadcaster?
Specify the date of the latest version (including latest amendments)
a. THE LAW OF REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA ON TELEVISION AND RADIO BROADCASTING
Source: THE LAW OF REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA ON TELEVISION AND RADIO BROADCASTING
Last updated: 2005-03-24 15:57:13 UTC
ME14 What proportion of the population can receive transmissions of the national level programming of the public television stations?
a. Over 60%
Source: Freedom house
Last updated: 2005-03-24 15:57:55 UTC
ME15 What proportion of the population can receive transmissions of the national level programming of the national level programming of the public radio stations?
a. Over 60 %
Source: Freedom house
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:02:45 UTC
ME16 In your opinion, upon which types of media at national level in your country do citizens most rely as a source of information? Mark the most important source with 1, and the second most important source with 2:
d. Public television
Comments: The state-run Armenian Public Television is the country’s most influential media outlet. Its output is overwhelmingly biased in favor of the authorities. The leading private stations—Prometevs, Armenia, ALM, and Shant—are owned by wealthy businessmen and are also pro-Kocharian, thereby giving the incumbent a huge advantage over his rivals in the presidential election. “In general,” reported the OSCE, “the media’s coverage of the election demonstrated that Armenia still lacks a strong and independent media able to provide balanced information to enable the electorate to make a well-informed decision.” The OSCE’s assessment of media coverage of the parliamentary election was more favorable. It reported that although the private stations were still biased toward the incumbent government, public television generally provided unbiased coverage of the campaign
Source: Freedom House
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:03:19 UTC
ME17 In your opinion, which of the following types of media in your country have a public reputation for being independent?
b. Private radio
d. Private television
e. Print media
Comments: The independence of media is very criticized by many international voices. The government opposing TV station A+ has lost its licence. The print media is not influential enough; approximately there is one example for each 100 citizen.
Source: Freedom House
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:04:04 UTC
ME18 What are the laws, if any, that provide for the safeguards for editorial autonomy in relation to the public broadcaster(s)?
a. a
Comments: Art 4 THE LAW OF REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA ON TELEVISION AND RADIO BROADCASTING Its output is overwhelmingly biased in favor of the authorities.
Source: Freedom House THE LAW OF REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA ON TELEVISION AND RADIO BROADCASTING
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:05:17 UTC
ME19 What are the laws, if any, which govern the granting of broadcasting licenses/frequencies to private broadcasters?
a. a
Comments: THE LAW OF REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA ON TELEVISION AND RADIO BROADCASTING
Source: THE LAW OF REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA ON TELEVISION AND RADIO BROADCASTING
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:05:42 UTC
ME20 Who grants licenses/frequencies to private broadcasters?
b. Independent regulator
Comments: THE NATIONAL COMMISSION OF TELEVISION AND RADIO The failure by A1+ and Noyan Tapan to win broadcasting frequencies fueled the suspicions of international observers about the lack of impartiality in Armenia’s media regulatory body. The Council of Europe stated that the failure to permit the companies to broadcast “raised concern about the pluralistic nature of broadcast media in Armenia” and warned the authorities that it might jeopardize Armenia’s further integration into Europe.
Source: Art 37 THE LAW OF REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA ON TELEVISION AND RADIO BROADCASTING Freedom House
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:06:28 UTC
ME21 Who is allowed to hold broadcasting licenses?
b. Private companies
d. Foreigners
Comments: Founders of Television and Radio Broadcasting companies can be any physical and legal entities with the exclusion of those listed in this law. The amount of foreign capital should not exceed the size of foreseen capital by the broadcasting company. Those who are not permitted to found television and radio broadcasting company: • representatives of the government or local municipalities • members of the Council of the Public Television and radio company - members of the National Commission • political parties • religious organizations • prisoners or those denied the right to work • citizen below the age 18
Source: Art 17 THE LAW OF REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA ON TELEVISION AND RADIO BROADCASTING
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:07:03 UTC
ME22 What are the legal conditions, if any, under which the activities of a media outlet may be suspended?
a. a
Comments: Cancellation of the License The National Commission can cancel the license if: a. It has been obtained illegally. b. There have been violations of the license conditions and three notifications about it within one year by the National Commission. c. The activities of television and radio Broadcast Company is threatening the health of people, proved by the independent experts, creating obstacles for function of other television and radio broadcasting companies, does not have sufficient level of technical quality, and fifteen days after the notification of the National Commission these problems are not solved. d. The license has been consessed to other physical or legal entities. e. The licensee six months after obtaining the license has not been engaged in broadcasting television and radio programs. f. The licensee has applied to consider the license to be invalid. The National Commission does not bare responsibility for the damages created due to the liquidation of Television or Radio Company. The fee for license is not refundable. The National Commission decision on cancellation of license can be complained in the court.
Source: Art 55 THE LAW OF REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA ON TELEVISION AND RADIO BROADCASTING
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:07:34 UTC
ME23 Are any journalists currently imprisoned or facing criminal charges for exercising their profession?
b. No
Comments: N.A. Violence against journalists continued to rise in 2003. The Paris-based media watchdog Reporters Without Borders noted in May that it was “very concerned about the situation of press freedom in Armenia, which has worsened sharply in the past months.” Several independent journalists and freelance photographers were subject to intimidation and physically attacked in the run-up to the presidential election, while other journalists investigating corruption by state officials were assaulted.
Source: Freedom House
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:08:02 UTC
ME24 What legal instruments are used to regulate media coverage of elections?
a. Law
Source: Art 18 et seq. Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:08:32 UTC
ME25 Which of the following bodies or agencies has a responsibility in the regulation of media coverage of elections?
g. EMB by law or regulations
Source: Art 18 Et seq. Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:09:07 UTC
ME26 What form does the responsibility, if any, of the EMB to regulate media coverage of elections take?
b. Requiring balance in media news coverage of an election
Comments: The state ensures the free implementation of citizens' pre-election campaign. The pre-election campaign is exercised on equal basis. It is ensured by the state bodies, for the purpose of organization of pre-election meetings, meetings of candidates with the electorate and other events related to elections, by providing them halls and other premises, upon the request of electoral commissions. They are provided to the candidates and parties, running in elections, on equal basis, free of charge, in accordance with the timetable and procedures established by the Central Electoral Commission. The Central Electoral Commission establishes the procedure for the provision of free airtime on the public radio and public television established by local self-governing bodies for candidates for the President of the Republic and for the Parties that have presented party lists based on the proportional system for the National Assembly. he Central Electoral Commission is the body, in charge of the legal organization and oversight of elections, which functions on a permanent basis, guided by the procedure adopted by it and has the status of a legal person. The Central Electoral Commission: Oversees the ensuring of equal opportunities established for campaigning through mass media;
Source: Art 18 et seq. 41 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:09:42 UTC
ME27 Does the EMB monitor media coverage of elections?
a. Yes
Comments: Difficulties have been arisen regaridng monitoring media coverage, and ensuring the required balance among competing political parties.
Source: At 45 item 5 electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:11:07 UTC
ME28 What form does the authority, if any, of the EMB to enforce remedies or sanctions against the media in case of breach of the rules on media coverage of elections take
c. Other (specify)
Comments: Applies to the relevant competent state bodies in cases of violation of this Code; The candidates and the parties are bound to observe the procedures for organization of the pre-election campaign. Electoral Commissions oversee the observance of the established procedure of the pre-election campaign. In the event of violation of the procedures the commission that has registered the candidate or the party, appeals to the relevant bodies, in order to prevent them, as well as to the Court – to declare the registration of that candidate or party electoral list out of force. The Court, after receiving such appeals from electoral commissions, has to pass a judgement within five days period, and in case they are received within five days prior to the day of voting - immediately.
Source: Art 18, Art 42 item 24 Electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:12:07 UTC
ME29 Do political parties or candidates have a right to have their replies to inaccurate or misleading media coverage published promptly and free of charge?
a. Yes
Comments:
Source: LAW ON PRINT AND MASS MEDIA Article 24
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:12:34 UTC
ME30 What is the legal liability of the media if they report unlawful statements by candidates during election campaigns (e.g. defamatory or inflammatory speeches)?
a. Criminal prosecution
b. Administrative sanction
Comments: Libel and defamation is criminally prosecuted, however in case of violation of the Broadcasting law, decisions of the National Commission and other legislative acts regulating this sphere, the National Commission is authorized to: a. To notify particular Television and Radio broadcasting company, which in its turn shall satisfy presented conditions. b. To impose administrative fines upon particular Television and Radio company 100 or 500 fold of the minimum wages. c. To suspend the program or the function of particular Television or Radio company. d. To call invalid the license of a Television and Radio Company in case of violation of conditions stated in article 55 in this law. e. To apply to the court in order to institute a lawsuit against a TV or radio station, according to the RA legislation. The ways to implement the administrative fine are defined by the National Commission.
Source: Freedom House, Art 58 Broadcasting law
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:13:09 UTC
ME31 Have the media or journalists' organisations adopted a code of ethics specific to elections?
Please send us a copy.
b. No
Comments: N.A. It has to be taken into consideration that Armenia has several press associations, but they rarely coordinate their activities, thereby weakening their effectiveness.
Source: freedom house
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:13:47 UTC
ME32 If so, how well do you perceive this code of ethics to be respected?
d. Not respected at all
Comments: The heavy bias of both state-run and private media in favor of Kocharian during the presidential elections in 2003 restricted the opposition’s campaigning opportunities before the presidential election. The failure of the country’s leading independent media organizations, A1+ and Noyan Tapan, to regain their broadcasting frequencies before the elections further hindered the opposition’s campaign. Although the state media provided equal conditions for all candidates in the parliamentary election, the private media—most of which are financed by wealthy businessmen with links to the political elite—failed to provide impartial reporting.
Source: freedom house
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:14:16 UTC
ME33 Which body, if any, is responsible for regulating free or paid access of political parties or candidates to the media during election campaigns.
a. EMB
Source: Art 18 et seq. Electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:15:32 UTC
ME34 Which of the following types of radio stations provide political parties with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Art 18 et seq. Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:18:26 UTC
ME35 Which of the following types of television stations provide political parties with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Art 18 et seq. Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:19:16 UTC
ME36 Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers provide political parties with free printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
e. None
Source: Art 18 et seq. Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:20:33 UTC
ME37 What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
a. Equal regardless of size of party and previous performance
Comments: Although the state media provided equal conditions for all candidates in the parliamentary election, the private media—most of which are financed by wealthy businessmen with links to the political elite—failed to provide impartial reporting.
Source: Art 18 Electoral Code, Freedom house
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:21:15 UTC
ME38 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
a. Amount (Euros) X
Comments: A candidate nominated to run for the President of the Republic, or upon his consent the party or initiative group, that has nominated him have the right to use the paid airing time on public TV for not more than 120 minutes, and on public radio - for not more than 180 minutes, at the expenses of the candidate's pre-election fund. These rules are analogous for parties running on parliamentary elections applicable.
Source: Art 18 et seq., 81, 113 Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:21:59 UTC
ME39 Which of the following types of radio stations provide individual candidates (legislative) with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Art 18 electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:22:37 UTC
ME40 Which of the following types of television stations provide individual candidates (legislative) with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Art 18 et seq. electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:23:01 UTC
ME41 Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspaper provide individual candidates (legislative) with free printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Art 18 et seq electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:25:20 UTC
ME42 What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to individual candidates (legislative)?
a. Equal regardless of size and previous performance
Source: Art 18 et seq electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:27:04 UTC
ME43 Which of the following types of radio stations provide individual candidates (legislative) with paid broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
Source: Art 18 et seq. , 81, 113 electoral code…
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:28:44 UTC
ME44 Which of the following types of television stations provide individual candidates (legislative) with paid broadcast time and/or paid printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
Source: Art 18 et seq. , 81, 113 electoral code…
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:29:13 UTC
ME45 Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers provide individual candidates (legislative) with printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
c. Privately owned
Source: Art 18 et seq. , 81 113 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:35:04 UTC
ME46 What are the criteria for allocating paid broadcast time and/or paid printed advertisement space to individual candidates (legislative)?
a. Equal regardless of size of party and previous performance
Source: Art 18 et seq. , 81, 113 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:35:44 UTC
ME47 Which of the following types of radio stations provide presidential candidates with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Art 18 ets seq, 81 Electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:36:40 UTC
ME48 Which of the following types of television stations provide presidential candidates with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Art 18 ets seq, 81 Electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:37:01 UTC
ME49 Which of the following daily and weekly newspapers provide presidential candidates with free printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
e. None
Source: Art 18 ets seq, 81 Electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:37:52 UTC
ME50 What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to presidential candidates?
a. Equal regardless of size and previous performance of candidateâs party
Source: Art 18 ets seq, 81 Electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:38:09 UTC
ME51 Which of the following types of radio stations provide presidential candidates with paid broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
Source: Art 18 ets seq, 81 Electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:38:32 UTC
ME52 Which of the following types of television stations provide presidential candidates with paid broadcast for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
Source: Art 18 et seq, 81 Electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:38:51 UTC
ME53 Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers provide presidential candidates with paid printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
Source: Art 18 ets seq, 81 Electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:39:12 UTC
ME54 What are the criteria for allocating paid broadcast time and/or paid printed advertisement space to presidential candidates?
a. Equal regardless of size and previous performance of candidateâs party
Source: Art 18 et seq, 81 Electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:39:36 UTC
ME55 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a presidential candidate is permitted to spend on paid advertising?
a. ... (euros) X
Comments: A candidate nominated to run for the President of the Republic, or upon his consent the party or initiative group, that has nominated him have the right to use the paid airing time on public TV for not more than 120 minutes, and on public radio - for not more than 180 minutes, at the expenses of the candidate's pre-election fund.
Source: Art 81 Electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:40:28 UTC
ME56 What are the laws, if any, which govern the disclosure of campaign advertising expenditures by political parties and candidates?
a. ....... electoral code
Source: Art 25 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:41:08 UTC
ME57 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a media outlet can charge parties/candidates for advertising during the campaign?
b. The law does not specify any limits X
Comments: The candidates and parties are guaranteed equal conditions for access to mass media broadcasting time or size, price, etc.
Source: Art 18 Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:43:48 UTC
ME58 How does this maximum amount (identified in question C.15.1) affect the political participation of smaller or newly formed parties?
b. None X
Comments: No maximum amount is identified
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:44:36 UTC
ME59 Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
a. Yes, in presidential elections
Comments: For the first time, a debate among the candidates was held on public television before the second round of the presidential election, while several private television stations organized debates among representatives of the candidates.
Source: Art 20 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-29 11:13:50 UTC
ME60 What legal requirements, if any, regulate the participation of candidates or party representatives in media debates?
Comments: Pre-election campaign through mass media is implemented in the form of public debates, round-tables, press conferences, interviews, political advertisements and other forms not prohibited by the law. Except of allowing debates, and the less observed principle of equality there are no rules of debates
Source: Art 20 Electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:47:38 UTC
ME61 Which of the following information in reporting the results of opinion polls are required to be disclosed by law?
g. None
Source: Art 18 et seq. Electoral code Opinion no. 269/2003 JOINT RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE ELECTORAL LAW AND THE ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION IN ARMENIA by the OSCE/ODIHR and the Venice Commission on the basis of comments by Mr Michael KRENNERICH (Venice Commission, expert, Germany)
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:48:50 UTC
ME62 What is the blackout period, if any, during which results of pre-election opinion polls may not be released to the public?
d. 6-7 days
Comments: It is forbidden to publish the results of the public polls on the ratings of candidates and parties within the last seven days of the pre-election campaign.
Source: Art 22 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:49:44 UTC
ME63 Where, if at all, may exit polls be carried out?
e. Other (specify)
Comments: Not governed by law
Source: Art 18 et seq. Electoral code Opinion no. 269/2003 JOINT RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE ELECTORAL LAW AND THE ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION IN ARMENIA by the OSCE/ODIHR and the Venice Commission on the basis of comments by Mr Michael KRENNERICH (Venice Commission, expert, Germany)
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:56:18 UTC
ME64 If exit polls are permitted, when can the results be disseminated via the media?
b. After all polls close
Source: Art 23 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:57:56 UTC
ME65 When are the media, by law, allowed to report preliminary election results?
b. After all polls close, before official results are available
Comments: Immediately after the voting is completed, from 8:00 p.m. until the announcement of the preliminary results of elections, periodically – every three hours – there shall be live TV and radio transmission from the Central Electoral Commission.
Source: Art 7 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:58:44 UTC
ME66 Are the media allowed to project/predict winners before the final results are available?
a. Yes
Comments: not excluded by the electoral code
Source: electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:59:24 UTC
ME67 What resources does the EMB have for its work with the media?
b. A press officer
Source: www.elections.am
Last updated: 2005-03-24 16:59:53 UTC
ME68 Have staff responsible for media relations received training for this work?
b. No
Source: CEC Armenia
Last updated: 2005-03-29 13:20:51 UTC
ME69 Which of the following has the EMB produced or organised?
b. Press releases
c. Press conferences/briefings
e. Web site
Source: www.elections.am, ACEEEO conference Tirana,
Last updated: 2005-03-24 17:29:50 UTC
ME70 Has the EMB provided or facilitated training for journalists in how the electoral process works?
b. No
Source: CEC Armenia
Last updated: 2005-03-29 13:18:54 UTC
ME71 Which of the following types of radio stations, provide free broadcast time to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
e. None
Comments: There are no such provisons in the Code
Source: Electoral Code Opinion no. 269/2003 JOINT RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE ELECTORAL LAW AND THE ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION IN ARMENIA by the OSCE/ODIHR and the Venice Commission on the basis of comments by Mr Michael KRENNERICH (Venice Commission, expert, Germany)
Last updated: 2005-03-24 17:31:28 UTC
ME72 Which of the following television stations provide free broadcast time to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
e. None
Comments: There are no such provisons in the Code
Source: Electoral Code Opinion no. 269/2003 JOINT RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE ELECTORAL LAW AND THE ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION IN ARMENIA by the OSCE/ODIHR and the Venice Commission on the basis of comments by Mr Michael KRENNERICH (Venice Commission, expert, Germany)
Last updated: 2005-03-24 17:32:02 UTC
ME73 Which of the following daily and weekly newspapers provide free print space to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
e. None
Comments: There are no such provisons in the Code
Source: Electoral Code Opinion no. 269/2003 JOINT RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE ELECTORAL LAW AND THE ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION IN ARMENIA by the OSCE/ODIHR and the Venice Commission on the basis of comments by Mr Michael KRENNERICH (Venice Commission, expert, Germany)
Last updated: 2005-03-24 17:32:58 UTC
ME74 Which of the following types of radio stations provide paid broadcast time to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
Comments: There is no provision which would exclude paid voter information campaigns.
Source: electoral code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 17:36:38 UTC
ME75 Which of the following types of television stations provide paid broadcast time to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
Comments: There is no provision which would exclude paid voter information campaigns.
Source: Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 17:40:04 UTC
ME76 Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers provide paid broadcast time or print space to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
Comments: There is no provision which would exclude paid voter information campaigns.
Source: Electoral Code
Last updated: 2005-03-24 17:41:44 UTC
ME77 What steps does the EMB take to make sure that it is communicating its message to the media?
e. None of the above
Comments: Transparency and voter education are not the strong sides of CEC
Source: Opinion no. 269/2003 Or. Engl. JOINT RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE ELECTORAL LAW AND THE ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION IN ARMENIA by the OSCE/ODIHR and the Venice Commission on the basis of comments by Mr Michael KRENNERICH (Venice Commission, expert, Germany)
Last updated: 2005-03-24 17:42:26 UTC
ME78 Which of the following do you judge to be significant barriers to the EMB in communicating its message to the media?
a. Insufficient staff with responsibility for media relations
d. Other
Comments: Lack of motivation
Source: Opinion no. 269/2003 Or. Engl. JOINT RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE ELECTORAL LAW AND THE ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION IN ARMENIA by the OSCE/ODIHR and the Venice Commission on the basis of comments by Mr Michael KRENNERICH (Venice Commission, expert, Germany)
Last updated: 2005-03-24 17:47:49 UTC
ME79 Overall, how effective do you judge the EMB’s ability to communicate through the media during election campaigns to be?
c. Not very effective
Source: Opinion no. 269/2003 Or. Engl. JOINT RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE ELECTORAL LAW AND THE ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION IN ARMENIA by the OSCE/ODIHR and the Venice Commission on the basis of comments by Mr Michael KRENNERICH (Venice Commission, expert, Germany)
Last updated: 2005-03-24 17:47:23 UTC
Parties and Candidates
PC01 What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
a. Signature requirement (specify requirement)
b. Deposit requirement (specify amount)
Comments: a) 30 000 signatures are needed per each candidate b) The deposit is 2500 times the minimal monthly salary for the whole list
Source: Electoral Code, article 100 (paragraphs 3 and 9).
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:10:23 GMT
PC02 What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 2)?
g. Not applicable
Comments: The National Legislature consists of one chamber only.
Source: Armenian Constitution, chapter 4.
Last updated: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 08:59:31 GMT
PC03 What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
a. Age
b. Citizenship
d. Residence
f. Registration
j. Other
Comments: a) 25 years. b) Citizenship for at least 5 years. c) Residence 5 years.
Source: Electoral Code, articles 97 and 108.
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:40:32 GMT
PC04 What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 2)?
k. Not applicable
Comments: The National Legislature consists of one chamber only.
Source: Armenian Constitution, chapter 4.
Last updated: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 09:00:45 GMT
PC05 What are the legal qualifications for becoming a candidate at presidential elections?
a. Age
b. Citizenship
d. Residence
f. Registration
j. Other
Comments: a) 35 years b) Citizenship 10 years c) Residence 10 years
Source: Armenian Constitution, article 50. Electoral Code, articles 64, 65, 67, and 71.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:15:50 GMT
PC06 What can disqualify a candidate at legislative elections?
a. Current criminal incarceration
e. Offences against electoral law
f. Holding of military office
g. Holding of government office
k. Mental health problems
Comments: e)Breach of the rules of campaign and rules of financing electoral campaign. Members of the Constitutional Court, judges, Ministers, Deputy Ministers, the Mayor of Yerevan, Deputy Mayor, Governors, Deputy Governors, employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and National Security, employees of tax inspection and customs department, employees of the prosecutors office, the military, and the insurance agents (employees of the social security) cannot be nominated as candidates for deputy to the National Assembly by majority system. The above-mentioned persons can be registered as candidates for the deputy of the National Assembly after they resign from the positions they are holding. Members of the Constitutional Court, judges, employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and National Security, employees of tax inspection and customs department, employees of the prosecutors office, and the military cannot be nominated as candidates for deputy to the National Assembly by proportional system. The above-mentioned persons can be registered as candidates for the deputy of the National Assembly by proportional system after they resign from the position they are holding.
Source: Electoral Code, articles 2 (paragraph 5), 97, 103 (paragraph 5), and 109 (paragraph 1).
Last updated: Mon, 03 Feb 2003 15:42:13 GMT
PC07 What can disqualify a candidate at presidential elections?
a. Current criminal incarceration
e. Offences against electoral law
k. Mental health problems
p. Other
Source: Electoral Code, articles 2 (paragraph 5), 65 (paragraph 2), 73, 74 and 76.
Last updated: Mon, 03 Feb 2003 15:43:07 GMT
PC08 Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
e. In both presidential and legislative elections
Source: Electoral Code, articles 68 and 105.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:18:31 GMT
PC09 If independent candidates can compete in legislative elections (Chamber 1), what are the registration requirements?
a. Signature requirement (specify)
b. Deposit requirement (specify)
Comments: Independent candidates are only allowed to compete in the majoritarian constituencies. a) Signatures: 2500. b) Deposit 100 (hundred) times minimal monthly salary.
Source: Electoral Code, article 108 (paragraph 2).
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:24:18 GMT
PC10 If independent candidates can compete in legislative elections (Chamber 2), what are the registration requirements?
e. Not applicable
Comments: The National Legislature consists of only one chamber.
Source: Armenian Constitution, chapter 4.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:22:37 GMT
PC11 If independent candidates can compete in presidential elections, what are the registration requirements?
a. Signature requirement (specify)
b. Deposit requirement (specify)
Comments: a) Signatures: 35 000. b) Deposit: 5000 times minimal monthly salary.
Source: Electoral Code, articles 66 and 67.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:23:37 GMT
PC12 Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
c. Indirect
Comments: Candidates for the President of the Republic and the Parties registered by the proportional system for the National Assembly have the right of paid and free of charge airtime (including live broadcasting) on the state radio and television, on equal conditions.
Source: Electoral Code, articles 20 and 25 (paragraph 2).
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:45:45 GMT
PC13 If political parties receive direct/indirect public funding, when do they receive this?
a. As related to the election period only
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com /
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:46:23 GMT
PC14 If political parties receive indirect public funding, identify the type of funding:
a. Free media access
Comments: Candidates for the President of the Republic and the Parties registered by the proportional system for the National Assembly have the right of paid and free of charge airtime (including live broadcasting) on the state radio and television, on equal conditions. The Central Electoral Commission establishes the procedure for the provision of free airtime on the state radio and television for candidates for the President of the Republic and for the Parties that have presented party lists based on the proportional system for the National Assembly. Candidates and parties have the right to have airtime also on the local radio and TV companies, on equal conditions. With the exception of the heads of the partisan press, the heads of the periodical press, one of the founding members of which is a body of state or local self-government or which entirely or partially are funded from the funds of state or local self-governing bodies, while publishing campaign materials shall ensure equal conditions for the candidates and parties. Pre-election campaign through mass media is implemented in the form of public debates, round-tables, press conferences, interviews, political advertisements and other forms not prohibited by the law. It is forbidden to interrupt the radio and television broadcasts of pre-election campaign with advertisements of goods and services.
Source: Electoral Code, article 20.
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:47:40 GMT
PC15 What is the basis of the public funding?
a. Equal funding, regardless of size and previous performance
Comments: Candidates for the President of the Republic and the Parties registered by the proportional system for the National Assembly have the right of paid and free of charge airtime (including live broadcasting) on the state radio and television, on equal conditions.
Source: Electoral Code, article 20.
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:48:22 GMT
PC16 If political parties receive public funding, what is the specified purpose?
b. Election campaign activities
Source: Electoral Code, article 20.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:28:49 GMT
PC17 Are political parties entitled to private funding?
a. Yes
Comments: Pre-election funds are formed from: a) personal means of the candidate; b) means allocated to the candidate by the party, which has nominated him/her; c) own means of the party; d) voluntary contributions by physical and legal persons.
Source: Electoral Code, article 25 (paragraph 1).
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:50:21 GMT
PC18 If political parties are entitled to private funding, for what period?
c. As related to the election period and between elections
Comments: By right of property, a public-political organization can have buildings, finances, transportation, furniture, which are necessary for implementation its by-laws of regulations and program. Public-political parties can use buildings and furniture of State enterprises, private people and social organizations by rental or credit system. The resources of public-political organizations can be derived from dues, different publications, grants of different non-governmental organizations, legacies etc.
Source: Law on Political Parties, article 6.
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:51:08 GMT
PC19 Which of the following party financing provisions are applicable?
a. Public disclosure of party contributions received
b. Public disclosure of party expenditure
c. Prohibition on party funding from foreign sources
d. Ceilings on how much money a party can raise
e. Ceilings on party election expenses
h. Publication or public access to contribution and / or expenditure reports
Comments: Public-political organizations do not have right to receive financial and material assistance from any source outside of the territory of the Republic. Candidates for deputies and the party that has nominated an electoral list for the National Assembly proportional elections, for the purpose of conducting pre-election campaign, can establish pre-election fund which is formed from voluntary contributions. A candidate has the right to make a contribution to his/her own pre-election fund equivalent to 1,000 times the minimum salary of the Republic of Armenia and a party an amount equivalent to 2,000 times the minimum salary. Each physical person can make a voluntary contribution of up to fifty times the minimum salary, and each legal person of up to 150 times the minimum salary. During the pre-election campaign a candidate has the right to spend an amount not exceeding 5,000 times the minimum salary and a party an amount not exceeding 60,000 times the minimum salary. Candidates for deputies and parties registered in the procedure established by this Code to run in the elections of the National Assembly, for the purpose of conducting pre-election campaign have the right to use the means of their pre-election funds only.
Source: Law on Political Parties, articles 3 and 6. Electoral Code, article 112.
Last updated: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 09:13:10 GMT
PC20 Which of the following candidate financing provisions are applicable?
a. Public disclosure of candidate contributions received
b. Public disclosure of candidate expenditure
c. Prohibition on candidate funding from foreign sources
d. Ceilings on how much money a candidate can raise
e. Ceilings on candidate election expenses
h. Publication or public access to contribution and / or expenditure reports
Comments: The candidate for the deputy and the party that has nominated an electoral list for the National Assembly proportional elections, for the purpose of conducting pre-election campaign, can establish an pre-election fund on the name of their plenipotentiary representative, which is formed from voluntary contributions. A candidate has the right to make a contribution to his/her own pre-election fund in the amount 1,000 times the minimum salary of the Republic of Armenia, and a party in the amount of 2,000 times the minimum salary. Each physical person can make a voluntary contribution in the amount of up to fifty times the minimum salary, and each legal person ö up to 150 times the minimum salary. During the pre-election campaign a candidate has the right to spend an amount not exceeding 5,000 times the minimum salary, and a party an amount not exceeding 60,000 times the minimum salary. Candidates for deputies of the National Assembly and parties, registered in the procedure established by this Code to run in the elections of the National Assembly, for the purpose of conducting pre-election campaign have the right to use the means of their pre-election funds only. The following have no right to make contributions to the election funds: a) state and local self-governing bodies; b) budgetary institutions (organizations); c) foreign physical and legal persons; d) persons without citizenship; e) those economic organizations, in the charter or share capital of which the Republic of Armenia or its communities have a share; f) those organizations which have foreign means in the amount of more than 30 per cent in their share capital; g) charitable and religious organizations, international organizations and international non-governmental movements.
Source: Law on elections of deputies to parliament, articles 25 (paragraph 2), 26 and 112.
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:58:48 GMT
PC21 Who is responsible for administering and enforcing party income/funding regulations at national level?
a. National Electoral Management body
Comments: An oversight-audit service is set up by the Chairman of the Central Electoral Commission, within the Commission, since the designation of the election day, with a view to implement oversight of the rational use of means allocated to the electoral commissions for the organization and conduct of elections, as well as for the accounting of contributions made to the election funds and oversight of those expenses. Relevant specialists can be included in the work of the service on contractual basis. The procedure for the activities of the oversight-audit service is established by the Central Electoral Commission.
Source: Electoral Code, article 26.
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:59:22 GMT
Vote Counting
VC01 What are the characteristics of ballots used at national legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
a. Single ballot (all registered parties listed)
d. Categorical (only one mark allowed)
l. No photos or logos, only party and/or candidate names
m. Organized alphabetically
o. Ballots signed or otherwise authenticated by polling station official
Comments: The Central Electoral Commission establishes the exact characteristics of the ballots.
Source: Electoral Code, articles 49, 57 and 114.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:34:57 GMT
VC02 What are the characteristics of ballots used at national legislative elections (Chamber 2)?
s. Not applicable
Comments: The National Legislature consists of only one chamber.
Source: Armenian Constitution, chapter 4.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:40:09 GMT
VC03 What are the characteristics of ballots used at presidential elections?
a. Single ballot (all registered parties/candidates listed)
d. Categorical (only possible to make one mark)
l. No photos or logos, only party and/or candidate names
m. Organized alphabetically
o. Ballots signed or otherwise authenticated by polling station officials
Comments: The exact characteristics of the ballots are determined by the Central Electoral Commission.
Source: Articles 49, 57, and 82.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:41:38 GMT
VC04 Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
a. At the polling stations
Source: Electoral Code, article 60 (paragraph 1).
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:42:36 GMT
VC05 What procedures are used in the initial count?
a. Separate ballots for different elections
c. Tally of voters who voted
d. Number of ballots in box reconciled against number of voters
f. Each ballot paper held up for public scrutiny, with name of party/candidate called out loud
j. Sorted into piles according to individual party/candidate
m. Sorted by party list
p. Copies of results of the count are publicly posted at the counting site immediately on the completion of the count
q. Copies of results are provided to observers
r. Observers and party agents are permitted to take their own copies of the results
Source: Electoral Code, articles 60 and 61.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:43:17 GMT
VC06 Following the sorting and counting, to where are the results first transmitted for consolidation?
d. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
Comments: d. Territorial Electoral Commission.
Source: Electoral Code, article 61 (paragraph 8).
Last updated: Mon, 03 Feb 2003 15:44:06 GMT
VC07 At what levels are seats allocated?
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
Comments: Majoritarian at the constituency level and proportional seats at national level.
Source: Electoral Code, articles 115 and 116.
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 13:01:03 GMT
VC08 How are the initial/preliminary polling results transmitted and communicated to the different levels?
f. By computer
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission, cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com / cec(a)web.am
Last updated: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 09:14:43 GMT
VC09 If the polling results are physically transported, what is transported?
f. Certificate of result
Source: Electoral Code, articles 61,62 and 63.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:48:15 GMT
VC10 If the polling results are physically transported, what security measures are used?
k. Not applicable
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com /
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 13:04:48 GMT
VC11 Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
d. By request
Source: Electoral Code, articles 40 (paragraph 4) and 62 (paragraph 10).
Last updated: Mon, 03 Feb 2003 15:46:25 GMT
VC12 If automatically recounted, what is the trigger?
e. Not applicable
Comments: Results are not automatically recounted.
Source: Electoral Code, article 40.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:50:45 GMT
VC13 If ballots are recounted by request, who can make the request?
a. Political parties
b. An individual candidate
c. Election officials
Source: Electoral Code, article 40.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:51:40 GMT
VC14 If recounted, who conducts the recount?
a. National Election Management body
h. Courts
Source: Law on the Constitutional Court, article 5. Armenian Constitution, article 100 (paragraph 3). Electoral Code, article 40.
Last updated: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 09:15:37 GMT
VC15 Are preliminary results announced?
a. Yes
Source: Electoral Code, articles 62 and 63.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:53:49 GMT
VC16 If preliminary results are announced, how long after the close of polls is this done?
a. hours: 28 or 22
Comments: 22 hours on a regional level and 28 hours on a national level.
Source: Electoral Code, article 62 (paragraph 2) and 63 (paragraph 1).
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:55:23 GMT
VC17 Is there a legal requirement for the declaration of the officially certified results?
a. Yes
Source: Electoral Code, article 63 (paragraphs 3 to 9).
Last updated: Mon, 03 Feb 2003 15:47:21 GMT
VC18 How long after the close of polls is the certified results publicly announced? (if there is no legal requirement enter the average time)
a. hours:
Comments: 72 hours after the close of polls and 5 days after the close of polls in case of complaints.
Source: Electoral Code, article 63 (paragraph 3).
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:57:34 GMT
Voter Education
VE01 Who conducts voter education and information campaigns at the national elections (informing where, when and how to register and vote)?
a. National Electoral Management Body
b. Regional Electoral Management Bodies
Source: Electoral Code, articles 34 to 37, 41 and 42.
Last updated: Mon, 03 Feb 2003 15:33:52 GMT
VE02 At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
b. Election time only
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com /
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:21:05 GMT
VE03 Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
b. Yes, conducted by the National Electoral Management Body
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com /
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:21:57 GMT
VE04 What types of voter education activities were carried out at the most recent national elections?
a. Poster/ Billboard campaigns
b. Media advertisement
e. Public meetings
g. Internet
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com /
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:22:37 GMT
VE05 What types of civic education activities were carried out at the most recent national elections?
a. Poster/ Billboard campaigns
b. Media advertisement
e. Public meetings
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com /
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:23:14 GMT
VE06 Special voter education programs were developed at the most recent national elections for:
a. Disabled
b. Young people/ first time voters
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com / cec(a)web.am
Last updated: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 08:54:41 GMT
Voting Operations
VO02 Is there a code of conduct for election officials?
a. Yes
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission, cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com / cec(a)web.am
Last updated: Wed, 11 Jun 2003 08:57:00 GMT
VO03 Where can electors vote?
a. At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections
Source: Electoral Code, article 47
Last updated: 2005-03-31 10:30:17 UTC
VO04 Who can vote from outside the country?
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
Source: Electoral Code, article 51.
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:33:21 GMT
VO05 If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
a. Embassies
b. Consulates
Source: Electoral Code, article 51.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:00:01 GMT
VO06 Can people vote in advance of the designated national election day(s)?
a. No
Source: Electoral Code, article 46.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:00:46 GMT
VO07 If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), how may they do so?
f. Not applicable
Comments: Electors can not vote in advance of the designated national election day.
Source: Electoral Code, article 46.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:01:50 GMT
VO08 If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), specify who:
g. Not applicable
Comments: Electors can not vote in advance.
Source: Electoral Code, article 46.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:02:51 GMT
VO09 Is there a maximum allowable voter capacity of a polling station for the national elections?
a. Yes
Source: Electoral Code, article 15 (paragraph 6)
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:03:27 GMT
VO10 Is there a maximum allowable voter capacity of a polling station for the national elections?
a. Yes, the maximum capacity is: 2.000
Source: Electoral Code, article 15 (paragraph 6).
Last updated: 2005-03-31 10:32:09 UTC
VO11 How do electors cast their votes?
a. By manually marking the ballot
Source: Electoral Code, article 57.
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 13:07:18 GMT
VO12 How many staff are assigned to each polling station?
a. The smallest polling station: 7
b. The largest polling station: 13
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com /
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:35:40 GMT
VO13 Approximately how many hours of training were provided to the presiding polling officer for the most recent national elections?
Comments: 18-21 days.
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com /
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:37:33 GMT
VO14 Approximately how many hours of training were provided to the other polling officials for the most recent national elections?
Comments: 18-21 days
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com /
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:38:18 GMT
Voter Registration
VR01 What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
c. 18
Source: Electoral Code, article 2 (paragraph 1)
Last updated: Wed, 21 Aug 2002 12:48:31 GMT
VR02 Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
a. Citizenship
b. Period of Residence
Comments: b. residence registration.
Source: Electoral Code, article 2 (paragraphs 1 to 3)
Last updated: Mon, 03 Feb 2003 15:35:07 GMT
VR03 What restrictions on registering to vote and voting exist in the country?
a. Criminal Incarceration
d. Mental disability
Source: Electoral Code, article 2 (paragraphs 5 and 6)
Last updated: Mon, 03 Feb 2003 15:35:43 GMT
VR04 Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
c. Local Government Authority
Comments: b. Local Self-Government Authority. Voter lists are compiled and maintained by community heads by the power of authorities delegated to them.
Source: Electoral Code, article 9 (paragraph 4)
Last updated: Mon, 03 Feb 2003 15:36:44 GMT
VR05 What is the registration method for national elections?
b. Voters register
Source: Electoral Code, Chapter two, article 9 et seq
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:25:47 GMT
VR06 How frequently is the voters register updated?
a. Continuously
Comments: Voter lists are permanently managed documents and are compiled in communities, by electoral precincts. Voter lists are reviewed every year, in December and June.
Source: Electoral Code, article 9 (paragraph 3).
Last updated: Mon, 03 Feb 2003 15:38:06 GMT
VR07 What methods are used to compile and update the voters register?
b. Links to police records of residence
Comments: The voter lists are compiled according to citizens address of registration. The procedure for inclusion of citizens, who have no registration, in the voter lists, is established by the Central Electoral Commission. Voter lists are compiled in the form of a register and paginated for up to 1000 voters. Each page of the register is signed and sealed by the community head.
Source: Electoral Code, article 11.
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:28:39 GMT
VR08 Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
a. Yes
Comments: All citizens, who have the right to vote and are registered in a given community, as well as the citizens who reside temporarily or permanently in a given community but have no registration, but who have submitted an application to the community head on the inclusion of their name and last name in the voter lists, not later than five days before the day of voting, in the manner prescribed by the Central Electoral Commission, are necessarily included in the voter lists.
Source: Electoral Code, article 10.
Last updated: Thu, 12 Jun 2003 08:39:27 GMT
VR09 Approximately what percentage (on the basis of cost) of registration supplies and equipment are obtained or produced within the country?
Comments: Approximately 20.000 USD.
Source: Mr. Artak Sahradyan - Head of Central Electoral Commission cec(a)netsys.am / cec(a)arminco.com /
Last updated: Tue, 27 Aug 2002 12:30:21 GMT
May 20, 2008 07:18 AM
