Benin
- Boundary Delimitation
- Direct Democracy
- Electoral Management
- Electoral Systems
- Legislative Framework
- Media and Elections
- Parties and Candidates
- Vote Counting
- Voter Education
- Voting Operations
- Voter Registration
Boundary Delimitation
BD01 Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
a. Yes
Comments: Les circonscriptions sont découpées lors des élections. C'est pour cette raison qu'après celles-ci, elles retrouvent leur statut juridique et administratif d'avant ( sous prefectures ou circonscriptions urbaines ).
Source: article 2 de la loi n°98-036 du 15 Janvier 1999 portant modification de la loi n°94-015 du 27 Janvier 1995 définissant les règles particulières pour l'élection des membres de l'Assemblée Nationale.
Last updated: 2005-01-19 15:11:31 UTC
BD02 The authority responsible for final approval of the constituency boundaries is:
a. The legislature (national/subnational)
Comments: Comme toute société démocratique, la loi est du domaine du pouvoir législatif au Bénin.
Source: voir article 98 point 14 de la Constitution du 11 Décembre 1990
Last updated: 2005-01-19 15:38:42 UTC
BD03 On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
a. "Equality" of population
Comments: Il est à noter que la concentration démographique entre en ligne de compte pour le découpage. Ceci transparaît clairement dans l'attribution des sièges qui a presidé au découpage. A preuve, l'ancien département de l'Atlantique ( actuel Atlantique et littoral ) qui est le 1/3 de l'Atacora élit 18 Députés contre 11 pour l'Atacora.
Source: Mr théodule et Voir article 2 nouveau de la loi n°98.036 du 15 Janvier 1999 portant modification de la loi 94.015 du 27 Janvier 1995 définissant les règles particulières pour l'élection des membres de l'Assemblée Nationale.
Last updated: 2005-01-22 16:17:32 UTC
BD04 If population is a criterion, which population figure is used?
d. Number of voters in last election
Comments: Il fallait 60 000 habitants pour élir un Député. Cette disposition a été modifiée par l'article 2 nouveau de la loi n¡98.036 du 15 Janvier 1999
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi.
Last updated: 2005-01-22 16:19:55 UTC
BD05 The body responsible for drawing the boundaries is:
a. Legislature (specify chamber)
Comments: Il résulte de l'article 79 de la Constitution du 11 Décembre 1990 que le Parlement au Bénin est constituépar une Assemblée unique.
Source: Voir 98(point14) de la Constitution du 11 Décembre 1990
Last updated: 2005-01-19 15:40:19 UTC
Direct Democracy
DD01 Please provide information about the person completing the questionnaire.
a. Name and Title: DAOUDA OUEDRAOGO
b. Job Title: consultant
d. Contact Address. 01 BP 3166 OUAGA 01
e. Telephone: 0022678858694
g. Email: dao_80@hotmail.com
Last updated: 2005-04-23 10:46:02 UTC
DD02 Which forms of direct democracy, if any, are currently possible at the national level?
Please check the glossary for the definition of the following terms:
a. Mandatory referendum
b. Optional referendum
c. Citizens' initiative
d. Agenda initiative
e. Recall
Comments: The issue of petition is adressed in chapter 7 of the internal regulations of the National Assembly.
Source: Constitution (1990), Articles 4; 58; 108. Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 121.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD03 What is the legal basis for mandatory referendums at the national level?
a. Constitutional
b. Specific laws/legislation
Comments: The conditions for holding referendums are determined by an Organic Law.
Source: Constitution, Article 4.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 14:39:24 UTC
DD04 What is the legal basis for optional referendums at the national level?
a. Constitutional
b. Specific laws/legislation
Source: Constitution, Articles 4; 108; 155
Last updated: 2005-06-28 14:46:52 UTC
DD05 What is the legal basis for citizens' initiatives at the national level?
d. Other
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou). Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 121.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD06 What is the legal basis for agenda initiatives at the national level?
b. Specific laws/legislation
Source: Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 121.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:56:25 UTC
DD07 What is the legal basis for recalls at the national level?
a. Constitutional
Source: Constitution, Articles, 84; 137 and 138.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:56:48 UTC
DD08 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for mandatory referendums at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
a. Constitutional
b. Specific laws/legislation
Source: Constitution, Article 4.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 14:56:13 UTC
DD09 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for optional referendums at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
a. Constitutional
Source: Constitution, Article 58 and 108.
Last updated: 2005-06-29 07:27:00 UTC
DD10 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for citizens' initiatives at the national level?
Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
b. Specific laws/legislation
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou). Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 121.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD100 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for an agenda initiative?
f. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD101 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for a recall?
f. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:28:59 UTC
DD102 What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a referendum?
a. All signatures checked
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin .
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:31:39 UTC
DD103 What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a citizens' initiative?
a. All signatures checked
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:32:19 UTC
DD104 What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a recall?
d. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-04-23 14:36:06 UTC
DD105 Who is responsible for checking the signatures?
d. Other (specify)
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:33:38 UTC
DD106 Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in a referendum?
f. Other (specify)
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:35:56 UTC
DD107 Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in an initiative?
e. Registered electors
f. Other (specify)
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-16 22:09:11 UTC
DD108 Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in a recall?
g. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:38:08 UTC
DD109 What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for a referendum?
h. None
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin .
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:42:01 UTC
DD11 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for agenda initiatives at the national level?
Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
b. Specific laws/legislation
Source: Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Chapter 7, Article 151.
Last updated: 2005-06-29 07:35:40 UTC
DD110 What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for an initiative?
h. None
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin .
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:43:08 UTC
DD111 What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for a recall?
i. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:44:44 UTC
DD112 Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in a referendum?
g. None
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:46:10 UTC
DD113 Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in an initiative?
g. None
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:46:51 UTC
DD114 Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in a recall?
h. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:47:30 UTC
DD115 What is the period during which these controls apply for a referendum?
c. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:48:21 UTC
DD116 What is the period during which these controls apply for an initiative?
c. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:49:16 UTC
DD117 What is the period during which these controls apply for a recall?
c. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:50:04 UTC
DD118 Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for a referendum? Specify in the “Comments” section below.
f. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:52:23 UTC
DD119 Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for an initiative? Specify in the “Comments” section below.
f. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:55:18 UTC
DD12 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for recalls at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
a. Constitutional
Source: Constitution, Articles 84; 138.
Last updated: 2005-06-29 07:48:03 UTC
DD120 Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for a recall? Specify in the “Comments” section below.
f. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:56:40 UTC
DD121 Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for a referendum?
Specify in the “Comments” section below.
g. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:59:16 UTC
DD122 Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for an initiative?
Specify in the “Comments” section below.
g. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 22:02:33 UTC
DD123 Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for a recall?
Specify in the “Comments” section below.
g. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 22:03:11 UTC
DD124 If free media access is provided, what are the criteria for allocating broadcast time / printing space?
a. sans objet
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 22:04:56 UTC
DD125 Is the government permitted to campaign either in favour of or against any specific outcome to a referendum, initiatives or recall vote?
a. Yes
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-16 22:59:56 UTC
DD126 What restrictions or controls, if any, are there on media coverage of the campaign and/or issue during the relevant period?
a. contrôle de la haute autorité de l'audiovisuel et de la communication
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD127 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign for a recall?
e. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-04-23 15:16:00 UTC
DD13 When were direct democracy mechanisms first introduced into the legal framework at the national level?
Date (yyyy)
a. Mandatory referendum 1960
b. Optional referendum 1960
c. Citizens' initiative 1960
d. Agenda initiative 1960
e. Recall 1960
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:58:30 UTC
DD14 When was an administrative framework for direct democracy mechanisms first introduced at the national level? Date (yyyy)
a. Mandatory referendum 1960
b. Optional referendum 1960
c. Citizens' initiative 1960
d. Agenda initiative 1960
e. Recall 1960
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:58:49 UTC
DD15 Who is responsible for managing the administration of direct democracy mechanisms at the national level?
e. Other (specify who)
Source: Voir article 4 de la constitution et les articles 71 et 72 de la loi n°91-009 du 04 mars 1991 portant loi organique sur la cour constitutionnelle modifiée par la loi du 17 juin 1997 et mise en conformité avec la constitution le 11 juillet 2000.
Last updated: 2005-02-16 13:45:18 UTC
DD16 Does this agency/department also manage the administration of national elections?
b. No
Source: Law n°2000-18 (3rd of January 2001)concerning general regulations for elections in the Republic of Benin, Article 40.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 13:02:10 UTC
DD17 Are mandatory referendums currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou). Constitution, Articles 4 and 58.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD18 Are optional referendums currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou). Constitution, Articles 4 and 58.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD19 Are citizens' initiatives currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi, student of Law at the University of Benin. Internal regulations for the National Assembly, Article 121.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD20 Are agenda initiatives currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Internal regulations for the National Assembly, Article 121.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 13:10:20 UTC
DD21 Are recalls currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Law n°97-029 (15th of January 1999), concerning the organisation of municipalities in the Republic of Benin, Articles 53 and 54.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 13:13:22 UTC
DD22 Are mandatory referendums currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi, student of Law at the University of Benin. Constitution, Articles 4 and 58.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD23 Are optional referendums currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
a. Yes, in all municipalities/districts/communes
Comments: Article 108 (General and common principles) 1. The electors registered in the electoral census in the national territory shall have the right to pronounce themselves through a referendum on any matter relevant to national or local interest. Article 110 (Local Referendum) 1. The local referendum shall cover matters that are of exclusive competence of the organs of local administration and shall always have deliberative effect. 2. The local referendum shall be convened by the Mayor at the initiative of the Municipality, the Municipal Assembly or, at the initiative of, at least, ten percent of the electors registered in the electoral census of the area of the local administration where the consultation takes place. 3. The convening of a referendum shall be approved by the majority of two thirds of the members of the Municipal Assembly on active duty.
Source: Constitution of Cape Verde, Aritcle 108 and 110
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD24 Are citizens' initiatives currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi, student of Law at the University of Benin. Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 121.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD25 Are agenda initiatives currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 121.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 13:20:43 UTC
DD26 Are recalls currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Law n°97-029 (15th of January 1999) concerning the organisation of municipalities in the Republic of Benin, Articles 53 and 54.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 13:23:29 UTC
DD27 What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are mandatory at the national level?
a. Constitutional amendments
j. Other (specify)
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi, student of Law at the University of Benin. Constitution, Articles 108 and 155.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD28 What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are optional at the national level?
a. Constitutional amendments
b. Adoption of international treaties
i. Other public policy issues
Source: Constitution, Articles 58; 108; 155.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 13:26:41 UTC
DD29 Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of referendums at the national level?
k. None
Source: Constitution, Article 108.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 13:27:53 UTC
DD30 Which issues, if any, maybe the subject of sub-national referendums regulated at the national level?
e. None
Source: Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 98.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 13:29:05 UTC
DD31 Who can initiate a referendum at the national level?
c. President
f. Other (specify)
Source: Constitution, Articles 4; 58 and 108.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 13:30:01 UTC
DD32 Who is responsible for drafting the mandatory referendum question?
f. Other (specify who)
Source: Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Articles 98.3 et 99.1.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 13:31:19 UTC
DD33 Who is responsible for drafting the optional referendum question?
f. Other (specify who)
Source: Constitution, Articles 4 and 108. Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 98.3.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD34 Which of the following, if any, are required to be included in the mandatory referendum question?
e. Other (specify)
Source: Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 98.3.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 13:34:23 UTC
DD35 Which of the following, if any, are required to be included in the optional referendum question?
e. Other (specify)
Source: Internal regulations of the National Assembly concerning special legislative procedures , Chapter 3, Section 1, Article 98.3.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 13:37:01 UTC
DD36 Which institution(s) decides on the final form of the ballot text for mandatory referendums?
d. Legislature
Source: Constitution, Article 4. Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 98.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD37 Which institution(s) decides on the final form of the ballot text for optional referendums?
d. Legislature
Source: Constitution, Article 4. Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 98.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD38 What, if any, are the quorum requirements for a mandatory referendum to be valid? Please specify numbers/percentages.
d. Not applicable OUI
Source: Mr Théodule nouatchi enseignant d'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:18:03 UTC
DD39 What, if any, are the quorum requirements for a optional referendum to be valid? Please specify numbers/percentages.
d. Not applicable OUI
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:19:19 UTC
DD40 What are the requirements for mandatory referendums to pass?
e. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule nouathi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:20:24 UTC
DD41 What are the requirements for optional referendums to pass?
e. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:21:24 UTC
DD42 In which areas, if any, do regulatory provisions differ between a referendum and a national election?
Tick all that apply and specify below in the comments section.
f. Other
Source: Loi n°91-009 du 4 mars 1991 portant loi organique sur la cour constitutionnelle modifiée par la loi du 17 juin 1997 et mise en conformité avec la constitution le 11 juillet 2000.
Last updated: 2005-02-18 11:12:33 UTC
DD43 When is the outcome of a mandatory referendum binding?
b. Under certain circumstances (specify below)
Source: Voir Chapitre 7(intitulé:Du contrôle de la régularité du reférendum et la proclamation des résultats) de la loi N°91-009 du 4 mars 1991 portant loi organique sur la cour constitutionnelle modifiée par la loi du 17 juin 1997 et mise en conformité avec la constitution le 11 juillet 2000.
Last updated: 2005-02-18 11:44:44 UTC
DD44 When is the outcome of an optional referendum binding?
b. Under certain circumstances (specify below)
Source: Voir Chapitre 7(intitulé:Du contrôle de la régularité du reférendum et la proclamation des résultats) de la loi N°91-009 du 4 mars 1991 portant loi organique sur la cour constitutionnelle modifiée par la loi du 17 juin 1997 et mise en conformité avec la constitution le 11 juillet 2000.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 21:26:58 UTC
DD45 Which types of issues can be proposed by citizens using the citizens' initiative process at the national level?
d. Not applicable
Source: Mr théodule nouatchi enseignant d'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-02-26 15:47:52 UTC
DD46 Which types of issues can be proposed by citizens using the agenda initiative process at the national level?
c. Other (specify)
Source: Mr théodule nouatchi. Voir article 121 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale relatif aux pétitions.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD47 Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of a citizens' initiative at the national level?
j. Other (specify)
Source: voir article 121 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale .
Last updated: 2005-02-23 13:34:23 UTC
DD48 Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of an agenda initiative at the national level?
j. Other (specify)
Source: Voir article 121 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale.
Last updated: 2005-02-26 15:55:18 UTC
DD49 Who may propose the registration of a citizens' initiative?
Please specify in the “Comments” section below.
a. A number of individuals
Source: Articles 121.1 ET 121.2 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale
Last updated: 2005-02-26 16:01:13 UTC
DD50 Who may propose the registration of an agenda initiative?
Please specify in the “Comments” section below.
a. A number of individuals
Source: Voir articles 121.1 et 121.2 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale.
Last updated: 2005-02-26 16:03:46 UTC
DD51 What material is necessary to accompany an application for registration?
a. Proposed title
c. Full proposed text
d. Other (specify)
Source: Article 121.2 du règlement intérieur de l'assembée nationale.
Last updated: 2005-02-23 13:45:22 UTC
DD52 Who determines the title of a citizens' initiative?
a. Proponents of the initiative
Source: Article 121.1 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale.
Last updated: 2005-02-23 13:48:49 UTC
DD53 Who determines the title of an agenda initiative?
a. Proponents of the initiative
Source: voir article 121.1 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale.
Last updated: 2005-02-23 13:49:29 UTC
DD54 Which, if any, of the following disqualify a proposed title of an initiative?
h. Not applicable
Source: Aticles 122.2 et 122.3 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale.
Last updated: 2005-05-12 23:00:55 UTC
DD56 Under what circumstances is an initiative checked for constitutionality or legality?
c. Other (specify)
Source: voir article 121 de la constitution et les articles 22 et 23 de la loi organique sur la cour constitutionnelle.
Last updated: 2005-02-23 21:11:40 UTC
DD57 If a check of the constitutionality or legality of an initiative takes place, who is responsible for undertaking it?
f. Other (specify)
Source: articles 114 et 121 de la constitution.
Last updated: 2005-02-23 21:12:48 UTC
DD58 If a check of the constitutionality or legality of an initiative takes place, when does this happen?
e. Other (specify)
Source: Voir article 121 al.2 de la constitution et les articles 22 et 23 de la loi organique sur la cour constitutionnelle.
Last updated: 2005-02-23 21:20:11 UTC
DD59 Which institutions, if any, are given an opportunity to propose an alternative to proposals contained in a citizens’ initiative?
f. Other (specify who)
Source: voir articles 122.2;122.3;122.4 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale.
Last updated: 2005-02-23 21:30:49 UTC
DD60 At which stage in the initiative process, if at all, can alternative proposals be made?
c. Other (specify)
Source: Article 122 du règlement intérieur.
Last updated: 2005-02-23 21:32:54 UTC
DD61 What happens when there is a valid alternative proposal?
d. Other (specify)
Source: Voir articles 122.3;122.4;122.5 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale.
Last updated: 2005-02-23 21:43:54 UTC
DD62 When an initiative proposal and an alternative proposal are put to the vote on the same day, what choices does the voter have?
f. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi
Last updated: 2005-02-23 21:47:33 UTC
DD63 Who decides the final ballot text?
c. Legislature
Source: article 122.4 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale.
Last updated: 2005-02-23 21:51:44 UTC
DD64 Once an initiative is qualified for the ballot, the vote on it takes place:
d. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin et voir aussi les articles 122.4 et 122.5 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD65 Which of the following individuals/positions may be subject to the recall mechanism?
a. Members of the national legislature
c. Other national level elected executive positions
f. Governors, Mayors or equivalent
g. Other provincial/local level elected executive positions
i. Elected judges
Source: Voir la loi n°97-029 du 15 janvier 1999 portant organisation des communes en république du bénin en ses articles 53 et 54 et la loi n°98-006 du 09 mars 2000 portant régime communal et municipal en république du bénin. Voir l'article 138 de la constitution et les articles 23 et 60 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblmée nationale.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD66 What are the grounds upon which a recall may be launched?
a. Political or policy grounds
b. Indictment
c. Conviction
d. Moral turpitude
f. Other (specify)
Source: Voir article 53 de la loi n°97-029 du 15 janvier 1999 portant organisation des communes en république du bénin. voir aussi l'article 138 de la constitution et les articles 23 et 60 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale pour mieux comprendre les réponses même si ces articles ne mentionnent pas directement la notion de destitution.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD67 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to the time period in which an individual/position can be recalled?
a. pas de restrictions
Source: Voir article 53 de la loi n° 97-029 du 15 janvier 1999 portant organisation des communes en république du bénin et article 23 alinéas 2 et 3 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale.
Last updated: 2005-05-12 23:41:32 UTC
DD68 If a recall qualifies for the ballot, when is it put to the vote?
c. Other (specify)
Source: Voir articles 137 et 138 de la constitution; article 23 du rèlgement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale,article 53 de la loi n°97-029 du 15 janvier 1999 portant organisation des communes au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 15:33:18 UTC
DD69 When does the election to replace an individual who has been recalled take place?
b. Separately and subsequently
Source: Voir article 50 de la constitution;article 23 alinéa 4 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale;article 60 de la loi n° 97-029 du 15 janvier 1999 portant organisation des communes au bénin
Last updated: 2005-04-23 11:06:13 UTC
DD70 If a separate ballot to replace an individual who has been recalled takes place, how soon after the recall ballot is it held?
a. Le délai est relatif à la fonction occupée par le destitué
Source: Voir article 50 de la constitution;article 23 alinéa 4 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale;article 60 de la loi n° 97-029 du 15 janvier 1999 portant organisation des communes au bénin
Last updated: 2005-04-23 11:20:38 UTC
DD71 Can an individual who is the subject of a recall stand on the ballot for his/her own replacement?
b. No
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin et voir les articles 6 et 23 du code électoral 2001 relatifs au conditions requises pour être éligibles.
Last updated: 2005-04-23 12:07:14 UTC
DD72 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable oui
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 20:34:39 UTC
DD73 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a rejective referendum (optional)?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable OUI
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 20:36:35 UTC
DD74 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a citizens' initiative?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable OUI
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignat de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 20:39:19 UTC
DD75 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for an agenda initiative?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable OUI.
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-05-06 20:41:35 UTC
DD76 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional) has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD77 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for a rejective referendum (optional) has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD78 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for a citizens' initiative has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD79 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for an agenda initiative has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD80 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD81 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for a rejective referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD82 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for a citizens' initiative?
e. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD83 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for an agenda initiative?
e. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin. (article 121 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale)
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD84 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a recall?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable oui
Source: Voir articles 137 et 138 de la constitution 1990; article 23 du rèlgement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale,article 53 de la loi n°97-029 du 15 janvier 1999 portant organisation des communes au bénin
Last updated: 2005-04-23 13:45:56 UTC
DD85 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for recall has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: Articles 137 et 138 constitution 1990; article 23 alinéa 2,3,4 du rèlgement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale,article 53 de la loi n°97-029 du 15 janvier 1999 portant organisation des communes au bénin
Last updated: 2005-04-23 14:01:07 UTC
DD87 Where can proposals for an abrogative referendum (optional) be signed?
g. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD88 Where can proposals for a rejective referendum (optional) be signed?
g. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD89 Where can proposals for a citizens' initiative be signed?
a. Anywhere
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin. Article 121.2 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD90 Where can proposals for an agenda initiative be signed?
a. Anywhere
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin
Last updated: 2005-04-23 14:08:09 UTC
DD92 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
d. None
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD93 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a rejective referendum (optional)?
d. None
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD94 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a citizens' initiative?
c. Other (specify)
Source: Article 121.2 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
DD95 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for an agenda initiative?
c. Other (specify)
Source: article 121.2 du règlement intérieur de l'assemblée nationale
Last updated: 2005-04-23 14:19:18 UTC
DD96 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a recall?
e. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2005-04-23 14:23:11 UTC
DD97 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
f. Not applicable
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit à l'université au bénin.
Last updated: 2008-02-26 07:34:31 UTC
Electoral Management
EM01 Please provide the following contact information for the national electoral management body:
a. Name of Institution Commission Electorale Nationale Autonome (CENA)
f. Website Address www.cenabenin.org
g. Name and Title of Chairperson/President Mr Ibrahim adam soulé
i. Official language of the electoral law governing national elections français
Comments: La structure telle que actuellement par les textes n'a pas de caractère permanent entre deux élections.
Source: Voir article 40 du code électoral pour le nom de l'organisme chargé de la gestion des élections.
Last updated: 2005-04-05 15:17:38 UTC
EM02 Does this national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
a. National level
b. Regional level
c. Local level
Comments: La CENA dispose à ce effet de structures décentralisées dénommées Commission Electorale Départementale (CED) ou Locale(CEL).
Source: Articles 43,44 et 45 du code électoral .
Last updated: 2005-01-17 19:00:11 UTC
EM03 The national electoral management body reports to:
f. Other
Comments: L'organisme national de gestion des élections rend compte à la cour constitutionnelle. La CENA est autonome dans son budjet, et aussi par rapport au gouvernement, au parlement, aux démembrements ministériels.
Source: Article 46 dU code électoral.
Last updated: 2005-01-17 19:04:34 UTC
EM04 The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
g. Other
Comments: La CENA établit son budget qu'il soumet au gouvernement.
Source: article 40 du code électoral relatif à l'autonomie de gestion du budget.
Last updated: 2005-01-17 20:23:16 UTC
EM05 The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
g. Other
Comments: Tout comme les autres finances publiques, le ministère des finances contrôle les dépenses, ainsi que la cour des comptes.
Source: Constitution et code électoral.
Last updated: 2005-01-17 21:20:25 UTC
EM06 The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
a. For the election period only
Comments: Le délai est de un mois et demi entre l'installation de la CENA et les élections. Il faut noter cependent qu'un décret du 22 janvier 1999 met à la disposition de la CENA un sécrétariat administratif permanent(SAP), structure permanent d'appui, mais qui n'a pas encore fonctionné.
Source: Loi n°2003-02 du 27 janvier 2003 portant dérogation à l'article 41 de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 janvier 2001 portant règles générales pour les élections en république du BENIN.
Last updated: 2005-01-17 21:40:42 UTC
EM07 The national electoral management body chairperson, or equivalent, is chosen in the following way:
b. Legislative appointment
c. Civil service appointment
e. Governmental appointment
f. Judicial appointment
g. Other
Comments: La CENA est un organe publique composé de membres nommés par le gouvernement, l'Assemblée Nationale, les magistrats du siège et un membre de la commission des droits de l'Homme.
Source: Loi N 2000-18 du 13 janvier 2001 complétant le code électoral.
Last updated: Tue, 25 Feb 2003 17:59:49 GMT
EM08 According to official sources, what was the estimated overall cost (in US dollars if available) of the most recent national elections?
Comments: Données non disponibles jusqu'à présent.
Last updated: Wed, 10 Jul 2002 18:06:56 GMT
EM09 What was the total number of registered voters or, where there was no voter roll, the estimated number of eligible voters?
Last updated: 2005-01-17 21:55:28 UTC
Electoral Systems
ES01 How is the Head of State selected?
c. Directly elected in general elections (absolute majority with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: Il y a eu deux élections présidentielles qui ont toutes connues des seconds tours.
Source: articles 42 et 43 de la constitution
Last updated: 2005-01-17 13:49:19 UTC
ES02 How is the Head of Government selected?
b. Directly elected in general elections, absolute majority (with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: Le Président de la République est en meme temps le chef du gouvernement
Source: Constitution, Article 54.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 10:06:16 UTC
ES03 Does the country have a president?
a. Yes
Source: Constitution, article 41.
Last updated: 2005-03-30 10:06:56 UTC
ES04 The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
a. One chamber
Source: article 79 de la constitution
Last updated: 2005-01-17 13:51:01 UTC
ES05 What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
g. List Proportional Representation
Source: Article 4 de la loi n°94-015 du 27 janvier 1995 remise en vigueur par la loi n°2003-01 du 08 janvier 2003.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 20:02:18 UTC
ES06 What is the electoral system for Chamber 2 of the national legislature?
k. The national legislature consists of one chamber only
Comments: Le Parlement Béninois est composé d'une seule chambre.
Source: Article 79 de la constitution
Last updated: 2005-01-18 20:04:50 UTC
ES07 If List PR is used, is a highest average formula used?
c. Largest Remainder Method (Quota)
Source: Article 4 de la loi n°94-015 du 27 janvier 1995 remise en vigueur par la loi n°2003-01 du 08 janvier 2003.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 20:07:35 UTC
ES08 What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 1?
b. Specially delimited constituencies
Last updated: 2005-01-17 14:01:54 UTC
ES09 What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 2?
d. Not applicable
Source: voir 79 de la constitution
Last updated: 2005-01-16 23:09:29 UTC
ES10 Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 1 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
b. No
Comments: Tous les députés sont élus au suffrage universel direct.
Source: Article 80 de la constitution.
Last updated: 2005-01-16 23:10:49 UTC
ES11 If special constituencies or seats are reserved in Chamber 1, specify which interest groups, and the proportion of total seats reserved for:
e. Not applicable Sans objet.
Source: VOIR ES10
Last updated: 2005-01-22 15:09:52 UTC
ES12 Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 2 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
c. The national legislature consists of one chamber only
Last updated: 2005-01-16 23:11:30 UTC
ES13 If special constituencies or seats are reserved in Chamber 2, specify which interest groups, and the proportion of total seats reserved:
e. Not applicable oui
Last updated: 2005-01-17 14:03:42 UTC
ES14 What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 1?
a. No minimum
Comments: Le parlement est constitué en chambre unique au Bénin
Source: Article 4 de la loi n°94-015 du 27 janvier 1995 remise en vigueur par la loi n°2003-01 du 08 janvier 2003 relatives aux élections nationales(législatives).
Last updated: 2005-01-22 15:22:42 UTC
ES15 What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 2?
c. Not applicable
Comments: no chamber 2
Last updated: 2005-01-16 23:14:44 UTC
ES16 What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 1?
a. No minimum
Comments: S'il obtient le nombre de voix égal au quotien électoral de sa circonscription.
Source: Voir ES14
Last updated: 2005-01-22 15:23:31 UTC
ES17 What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 2?
c. Not applicable
Comments: no chamber 2
Last updated: 2005-01-16 23:15:38 UTC
ES18 Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 1, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
a. At fixed intervals (specify length)
Source: ARTICLE 80 de la constitution.
Last updated: 2005-01-22 15:34:41 UTC
ES19 Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 2, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
e. Not applicable
Comments: no chameber 2
Last updated: 2005-01-16 23:31:43 UTC
Legislative Framework
LF01 What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
b. Separate legislation
Source: loi n°2000-18 du 03 janvier 2001 portant règles générales pour les élections en république du bénin.
Last updated: 2005-01-17 22:04:09 UTC
LF02 What is the date of the latest version of the national electoral law (including latest amendments)?
a. January 2000 or later
Comments: Il s'agit de la loi N 98-034 du 15 janvier 1999 portant règles générales pour les élection au Bénin.
Source: loi n°2003-02 du 27 janvier 2003 portant dérogation à l'article 41 de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 janvier 2001 portant règles générales pour les élections en république du bénin.
Last updated: 2005-01-17 22:14:41 UTC
LF03 The national electoral law covers:
a. National elections
b. Regional elections
c. Local elections
Comments: Elle couvre les élections communales, municipales, législatives et présidentielles.
Source: Article premier de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 janvier 2001 portant règles générales pour les élections au Bénin.
Last updated: 2005-01-17 22:21:26 UTC
LF04 Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
a. Voting is voluntary
Comments: Le vote est considéré comme un devoir civique, mais aucune sanction ne s'applique aux personnes qui ne votent pas.
Source: Article 2 de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 janvier 2001.
Last updated: 2005-01-17 22:32:12 UTC
LF05 Are there provisions in the law which permit or require regional and/ or local election (s) to be held on the same day as national elections?
a. National elections are not held on the same day as regional or local elections
Comments: Il n'existe pas de pareilles dispositions au Bénin. Les élections se tiennent séparément. Avec le jeu des mandats, on ne saurait aboutir à un cumul des différentes élections.
Source: Confère art. 5 de la loi 94.015 du 27 Janvier 1995 définissant les règles particulières pour l'élection des membres de l'Assemblée Nationale.
Last updated: Tue, 25 Feb 2003 17:48:08 GMT
LF06 Are there provisions in the law which permit or require presidential election (s) to be held on the same day as national legislative elections?
a. Presidential elections are not held on the same day as national legislative elections
Comments: La fin du mandat du président et celles des députés ne coïncident pas.
Last updated: Tue, 25 Feb 2003 17:49:04 GMT
LF07 What are the agency(ies) responsible for first level of formal electoral disputes?
a. Judiciary
Comments: La cour suprême est seule compétente en ce qui concerne le contentieux des élections locales et la cour constitutionnelle pour les législatives, les présidentielles et les référenda.
Source: Articles 117 et 131 de la constitution.voir aussi les articles 88;89 et 90 de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 janvier 2001(code électoral).
Last updated: 2005-01-17 22:44:48 UTC
LF08 If the agency(ies) which settles formal disputes is/are specially appointed/elected; by whom?
h. Not applicable
Last updated: 2005-01-17 22:45:46 UTC
LF09 Who has the right to submit cases to the person or agency(ies)which settles formal disputes?
a. Candidates
Source: Article 49 alinéa 3 de la constitution.
Last updated: 2005-01-17 22:47:43 UTC
Media and Elections
ME01 Please provide information about the person completing the questionnaire.
a. Name and Title: Mr OUEDRAOGO DAOUDA
b. Job Title: CONSULTANT
d. Contact Address: s/c EL HADJ ISSA 01 BP 3166 OUAGA 01
e. Telephone: 0022678858694
g. Email: dao_80@hotmail.com
Last updated: 2005-05-03 20:55:37 UTC
ME02 Which of the following types of radio stations are present at a national level in your country?
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
Source: Website for Media in Benin (www.mediabenin.org). Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:21:16 UTC
ME03 Which of the following types of television stations are present at a national level in your country?
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:22:33 UTC
ME04 Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers are present at a national level in your country?
a. Publicly owned
b. Government owned
c. Privately owned
d. Owned by political parties
Comments: With bad public reputation the journal, "La Fraternité", is pro-government. There is also, "Les ehos du jour", which belongs to the president of the PRD Adrien Houngbedji. The "Point au quotidien" belongs to Sehoueto, who just left government. The "Progres" is for Kamarou Fassassi, currently the minister of energy and hydraulics. The "Nouvelle tribune" is for the opposition. "L´informateur" and "Le Nokoue" are very close to the opposition wing Soglo Nicephore.
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-07-15 08:51:07 UTC
ME06 What proportion of the population can receive transmissions of the national level programming of private radio stations?
b. 30% to 60%
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:23:43 UTC
ME08 What proportion of the population can receive transmissions of the national level programming of private television stations?
b. 30 to 60%
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:24:07 UTC
ME09 In your opinion, which of the following types of media in your country have a public reputation for being independent?
b. Private radio
e. Print media
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:24:28 UTC
ME11 What laws, if any, guarantee freedom of access to public information for representatives of the media?
a. a
Comments: The constitution guarantees this freedom. The freedom of the press is recognized and guaranteed by the state. It is protected by the High Authority of the Audiovisual and Communication, in accordance with the conditions fixed by organic law.
Source: Constitution (1990), Part 2, Article 8, Paragraph 2; Article 24.
Last updated: 2005-07-15 08:57:29 UTC
ME13 What are the laws, if any, which govern the operations of the public broadcaster?
Specify the date of the latest version (including latest amendments)
a. The laws 60-12 (30th of June 1960) and 97-010 (20th of August 1997) concerning the creation and organisation of media in Benin.
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:25:06 UTC
ME14 What proportion of the population can receive transmissions of the national level programming of the public television stations?
a. Over 60%
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:25:37 UTC
ME15 What proportion of the population can receive transmissions of the national level programming of the national level programming of the public radio stations?
a. Over 60 %
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:26:08 UTC
ME16 In your opinion, upon which types of media at national level in your country do citizens most rely as a source of information? Mark the most important source with 1, and the second most important source with 2:
a. Public radio
c. Private radio
d. Public television
f. Private television
g. Print media
Comments: The three most used are the radio, the television and the printed press.
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-07-15 09:01:17 UTC
ME17 In your opinion, which of the following types of media in your country have a public reputation for being independent?
b. Private radio
e. Print media
Comments: The president of the republic holds parts of the capital of "La Chaine 2" (LC2) and certain journals.
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-07-15 09:06:28 UTC
ME18 What are the laws, if any, that provide for the safeguards for editorial autonomy in relation to the public broadcaster(s)?
a. a
Comments: The laws 60-12 (30th of June 1960) and 97-10 (20th of August 1997) concerning the creation and organization of media in Benin.
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-07-15 09:08:41 UTC
ME19 What are the laws, if any, which govern the granting of broadcasting licenses/frequencies to private broadcasters?
a. The laws 60-12 (30th of June 1960) and 97-010 (20th of August 1997) concerning the creation and organisation of media in Benin.
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:28:04 UTC
ME20 Who grants licenses/frequencies to private broadcasters?
c. Other (specify)
Comments: La Haute autorité de l'audiovisuelle et de la communication (HAAC). The High Authority of the Audiovisual and Communication
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-07-15 09:10:36 UTC
ME21 Who is allowed to hold broadcasting licenses?
a. Political parties
b. Private companies
c. Non governmental organisations
d. Foreigners
f. State owned companies
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:28:42 UTC
ME22 What are the legal conditions, if any, under which the activities of a media outlet may be suspended?
a. a
Comments: - When no respect is paid to the contractual regulation in the contents. - In case of seizure for the following reasons the suspension could be pronounced before the decision by the competent authorities: - the registration of copyright has not been put into effect. - provocation of crimes and offenses - Offenses towards the public cause (offending the Head of state, president of parliament, the publication of false news) - Vilification of ministers, deputies, civil servants, depositaries or agents for public authorities and witnesses.
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-07-15 10:00:33 UTC
ME23 Are any journalists currently imprisoned or facing criminal charges for exercising their profession?
b. No
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:29:38 UTC
ME24 What legal instruments are used to regulate media coverage of elections?
a. Law
b. Secondary legislation (e.g. regulations)
e. Other (specify)
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Benin (11th of December 1990), Articles 24, 142 and 143. Organic Law n°92-021 (21st of August 1992) concerning the High Authority of the Audiovisual and Communication.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 12:45:45 UTC
ME25 Which of the following bodies or agencies has a responsibility in the regulation of media coverage of elections?
a. Statutory regulator (e.g. broadcasting licensing body)
Source: Organic Law n°92-021 (21st of August 1992) concerning the High Authority of the Audiovisual and Communication.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 12:46:18 UTC
ME27 Does the EMB monitor media coverage of elections?
b. No
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:31:47 UTC
ME28 What form does the authority, if any, of the EMB to enforce remedies or sanctions against the media in case of breach of the rules on media coverage of elections take
d. Not applicable
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:32:10 UTC
ME29 Do political parties or candidates have a right to have their replies to inaccurate or misleading media coverage published promptly and free of charge?
b. No
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:32:29 UTC
ME30 What is the legal liability of the media if they report unlawful statements by candidates during election campaigns (e.g. defamatory or inflammatory speeches)?
a. Criminal prosecution
b. Administrative sanction
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:32:50 UTC
ME31 Have the media or journalists' organisations adopted a code of ethics specific to elections?
Please send us a copy.
b. No
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:33:24 UTC
ME33 Which body, if any, is responsible for regulating free or paid access of political parties or candidates to the media during election campaigns.
b. Other (specify)
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:34:05 UTC
ME34 Which of the following types of radio stations provide political parties with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:34:41 UTC
ME35 Which of the following types of television stations provide political parties with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Decision N°03-007/HAAC concerning the regulation of the pre-campaigning and campaigning for the legislative elections in March 2003.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 13:03:15 UTC
ME36 Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers provide political parties with free printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Decision N°03-007/HAAC concerning the regulation of the pre-campaigning and campaigning for the legislative elections in March 2003.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 13:04:23 UTC
ME37 What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
a. Equal regardless of size of party and previous performance
Source: Decision N°03-007/HAAC concerning the regulation of the pre-campaigning and campaigning for the legislative elections in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 1, Section 2, Article 10.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 13:06:14 UTC
ME38 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
b. The law does not specify any limits on paid advertising OUI
Source: Decision N°03-007/HAAC(2003), Part 2, Chapter 2, Article 49, Paragraph 2.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 13:07:48 UTC
ME39 Which of the following types of radio stations provide individual candidates (legislative) with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou). Decision N°03-007/HAAC concerning the regulation of the pre-campaigning and campaigning for the legislative elections in March 2003, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 7.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:35:36 UTC
ME40 Which of the following types of television stations provide individual candidates (legislative) with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou). Decision N°03-007/HAAC concerning the regulation of the pre-campaigning and campaigning for the legislative elections in March 2003, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 7.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:35:56 UTC
ME41 Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspaper provide individual candidates (legislative) with free printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou). Decision N°03-007/HAAC concerning the regulation of the pre-campaigning and campaigning for the legislative elections in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 1, Article 10.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:36:21 UTC
ME42 What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to individual candidates (legislative)?
a. Equal regardless of size and previous performance
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou). Decision N°03-007/HAAC concerning the regulation of the pre-campaigning and campaigning for the legislative elections in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 1, Article 10.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:36:52 UTC
ME43 Which of the following types of radio stations provide individual candidates (legislative) with paid broadcast time for national election campaigns?
c. Privately owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:37:26 UTC
ME44 Which of the following types of television stations provide individual candidates (legislative) with paid broadcast time and/or paid printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
c. Privately owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:37:48 UTC
ME45 Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers provide individual candidates (legislative) with printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
c. Privately owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:38:15 UTC
ME46 What are the criteria for allocating paid broadcast time and/or paid printed advertisement space to individual candidates (legislative)?
i. Not applicable
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:38:55 UTC
ME47 Which of the following types of radio stations provide presidential candidates with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou). Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the presidential election in 2001, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 5.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:41:03 UTC
ME48 Which of the following types of television stations provide presidential candidates with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou). Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the presidential election in 2001, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 5.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:41:27 UTC
ME49 Which of the following daily and weekly newspapers provide presidential candidates with free printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou). Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the presidential election in 2001, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 5.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:41:53 UTC
ME50 What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to presidential candidates?
a. Equal regardless of size and previous performance of candidateâs party
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou). Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the presidential election in 2001, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 5.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:42:17 UTC
ME51 Which of the following types of radio stations provide presidential candidates with paid broadcast time for national election campaigns?
c. Privately owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:42:41 UTC
ME52 Which of the following types of television stations provide presidential candidates with paid broadcast for national election campaigns?
c. Privately owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:43:06 UTC
ME53 Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers provide presidential candidates with paid printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
c. Privately owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:43:44 UTC
ME54 What are the criteria for allocating paid broadcast time and/or paid printed advertisement space to presidential candidates?
i. Not applicable
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:44:09 UTC
ME55 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a presidential candidate is permitted to spend on paid advertising?
b. The law does not specify any limits on paid advertising YES
Source: Law N° 2000-18 (3rd of January 2001). Electoral Law (2001), Part 4, Chapter 3, Article 84. Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:45:02 UTC
ME56 What are the laws, if any, which govern the disclosure of campaign advertising expenditures by political parties and candidates?
b. There are no laws in this regard YES
Last updated: 2005-06-28 13:40:12 UTC
ME57 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a media outlet can charge parties/candidates for advertising during the campaign?
b. The law does not specify any limits YES
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:45:30 UTC
ME58 How does this maximum amount (identified in question C.15.1) affect the political participation of smaller or newly formed parties?
b. None YES
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:46:24 UTC
ME59 Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
a. Yes, in presidential elections
b. Yes, in legislative elections
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou). Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the presidential election in 2001, Part 2, Chapter 1, Article 25.
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:46:07 UTC
ME60 What legal requirements, if any, regulate the participation of candidates or party representatives in media debates?
a. ......... Decision of the HAAC (Haute autorité de l'audiovisuel et de la communication)
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:47:04 UTC
ME61 Which of the following information in reporting the results of opinion polls are required to be disclosed by law?
g. None
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:47:33 UTC
ME62 What is the blackout period, if any, during which results of pre-election opinion polls may not be released to the public?
d. 6-7 days
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 4, Article 66.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 13:48:56 UTC
ME63 Where, if at all, may exit polls be carried out?
c. Not permitted
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 4, Article 65.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 13:48:29 UTC
ME64 If exit polls are permitted, when can the results be disseminated via the media?
c. Results cannot be disseminated via the media
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 4, Article 65.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 13:49:52 UTC
ME65 When are the media, by law, allowed to report preliminary election results?
c. After all polls close, after official results are available
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 4, Article 68.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 13:50:30 UTC
ME66 Are the media allowed to project/predict winners before the final results are available?
b. No
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 4, Article 68.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 13:50:57 UTC
ME67 What resources does the EMB have for its work with the media?
e. Other (specify)
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:48:45 UTC
ME68 Have staff responsible for media relations received training for this work?
a. Yes
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi, student of Law at the University of Benin (Université d'abomey-calavi au Bénin).
Last updated: 2005-06-28 14:02:31 UTC
ME69 Which of the following has the EMB produced or organised?
b. Press releases
c. Press conferences/briefings
d. Pre-recorded radio or TV slots
e. Web site
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:49:16 UTC
ME70 Has the EMB provided or facilitated training for journalists in how the electoral process works?
a. Yes
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:49:39 UTC
ME71 Which of the following types of radio stations, provide free broadcast time to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 7.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 14:05:00 UTC
ME72 Which of the following television stations provide free broadcast time to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 7.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 14:05:37 UTC
ME73 Which of the following daily and weekly newspapers provide free print space to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
a. Publicly owned
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 7.
Last updated: 2005-06-28 14:06:33 UTC
ME74 Which of the following types of radio stations provide paid broadcast time to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
c. Privately owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:50:31 UTC
ME75 Which of the following types of television stations provide paid broadcast time to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
c. Privately owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:51:01 UTC
ME76 Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers provide paid broadcast time or print space to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
c. Privately owned
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:51:28 UTC
ME77 What steps does the EMB take to make sure that it is communicating its message to the media?
d. It monitors the media coverage of its own activities.
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Last updated: 2005-06-30 14:51:54 UTC
Parties and Candidates
PC01 What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
d. No registration required
Source: Articles 22;23;24;25 de la Loi n°2000-18 code électoral.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 11:48:01 UTC
PC02 What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 2)?
g. Not applicable
Last updated: 2005-01-18 11:49:57 UTC
PC03 What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
a. Age
b. Citizenship
f. Registration
g. Nationality group
Comments: L'exigence première est qu'il doit d'abord pouvoir être électeur avant d'être éligible.
Source: voir article 23 et le titre premier de cette loi(code électoral).
Last updated: 2005-01-18 11:58:56 UTC
PC04 What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 2)?
k. Not applicable
Last updated: 2005-01-18 12:01:23 UTC
PC05 What are the legal qualifications for becoming a candidate at presidential elections?
a. Age
b. Citizenship
d. Residence
f. Registration
g. Nationality group
Source: Article 44 de la constitution Article 4 Loi n°.2000-19(code électoral).
Last updated: 2006-11-20 13:44:16 UTC
PC06 What can disqualify a candidate at legislative elections?
b. Detention
c. Criminal record
k. Mental health problems
Source: voir article 23 (code électoral)
Last updated: 2005-01-18 13:01:10 UTC
PC07 What can disqualify a candidate at presidential elections?
a. Current criminal incarceration
b. Detention
c. Criminal record
d. Naturalization
f. Holding of military office
j. Physical health problems
k. Mental health problems
p. Other
Comments: Pour la naturalisation, il faut qu'elle ait lieu au moins pendant 10 avant .
Source: Article 44 de la constitution. Article 4 de la loi n¡2000-19, code électoral.
Last updated: 2006-11-20 13:44:16 UTC
PC08 Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
b. In presidential elections
Comments: En matière d'élection législative, les candidats émanent exclusivement des partis politiques.
Source: Confère les arts. 22,29,39,47,84, et 85 de la loi n¡2000-18 du 03 Janvier 2001
Last updated: Thu, 17 Oct 2002 18:43:47 GMT
PC09 If independent candidates can compete in legislative elections (Chamber 1), what are the registration requirements?
e. Not applicable
Comments: Il n'exixte pas de candidats independants en matière d'élection législative au Bénin?
Source: voir article 22;23;24 de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 janvier 2001.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 13:25:48 UTC
PC10 If independent candidates can compete in legislative elections (Chamber 2), what are the registration requirements?
e. Not applicable
Comments: Le Bénin n'a qu'une chambre unique.
Source: cf. article 79 de la Constitution du 11 Décembre 1990.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 13:26:45 UTC
PC11 If independent candidates can compete in presidential elections, what are the registration requirements?
b. Deposit requirement (specify)
Comments: Cautionnement: 7.142 Dollars US. Les conditions requises en la matière sont les mêmes pour tous les candidats qu'ils soient indépendants ou non.
Source: Voir article 44 de la constitution et l'article 39 de la loi n°2000-18.
Last updated: 2006-11-20 13:44:16 UTC
PC12 Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
b. Direct
c. Indirect
Comments: Généralement, le financement direct provient du président du parti. Le financement indirect est la caution restituée par le gouvernement au regard des pourcentages obtenus par les candidats et les financements occultes dont le contrôle échappe à la Chambre des Comptes mal outillée.
Source: Loi n°2000-18 du 03-01-2001 portant règles générales pour les élections en République du Bénin; Loi n°2000-19 du 03-01-2001, article 11; Les articles 18 à 24 de la loi n°90-023 du 13 Août 1990 portant charte des partis politiques.
Last updated: 2006-11-20 13:44:16 UTC
PC13 If political parties receive direct/indirect public funding, when do they receive this?
b. Between elections
c. As related to the election period and between elections
Comments: Le financement venant de l'Etat ne représente que la restitution des frais du cautionnement ( 500 000f cfa )requis pour la candidature. Il n'est restitué qu'à ceux qui ont obtenu les 10 % du suffrage exprimé.
Source: Cf. article 39 de la loi n°2000-18 portant règles générales pour les élections en République du Bénin. Cette disposition est complétée par l'article 11 de la loi n°2000-19 du 03 Janvier 2001 définissant les règles particulières sur l'élection du Président de la République.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 13:46:52 UTC
PC14 If political parties receive indirect public funding, identify the type of funding:
a. Free media access
Comments: La Haute Autorité de l'audiovisuelle et de la Communication ( HAAC ) assure tant bien que mal la répartition équitable du temps d'antenne entre les différents candidats.
Source: Article 37 de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 Janvier 2001
Last updated: 2005-01-18 13:51:29 UTC
PC15 What is the basis of the public funding?
c. Based on current legislative representation
Source: International IDEA (2003) "Funding of Political Parties and Election Campaigns"
Last updated: 2006-11-20 13:44:16 UTC
PC16 If political parties receive public funding, what is the specified purpose?
c. Unspecified
d. Other
Comments: Le but implicite visé est d'amener les partis à asseoir une large base électorale.
Source: Art. 39 de la loi no.2000-18; Art. 11 de la loi no.2000-19.
Last updated: 2006-11-20 13:44:16 UTC
PC17 Are political parties entitled to private funding?
a. Yes
Comments: Il faut noter le peu de rigueur dont fait preuve la Chambre des Comptes de la Cours Suprême s'agissant du contrôle des sources de financement privé.
Source: Voir les articles 18 à 21 de la loi n°90-023 du 13 Août 1990 portant charte des partis politiques.
Last updated: 2005-01-19 11:53:16 UTC
PC18 If political parties are entitled to private funding, for what period?
c. As related to the election period and between elections
Comments: Le texte règlementant la question est muette au sujet de la période à laquelle les partis reçoivent le dit financement.
Source: Confère article 20 de la loi n°90-023
Last updated: 2005-01-18 14:19:48 UTC
PC19 Which of the following party financing provisions are applicable?
b. Public disclosure of party expenditure
d. Ceilings on how much money a party can raise
e. Ceilings on party election expenses
Comments: Seules les dépenses de campagnes électorales font l'objet de publication.
Source: Voir les articles 84, 85, 86 et 112 de la loi n°2000-18; Article 20 de la loi n°90-023 du 13 Août 1990.
Last updated: 2006-11-20 13:44:16 UTC
PC20 Which of the following candidate financing provisions are applicable?
b. Public disclosure of candidate expenditure
d. Ceilings on how much money a candidate can raise
e. Ceilings on candidate election expenses
h. Publication or public access to contribution and / or expenditure reports
Comments: En réalité, ces textes ont prouvé leurs limites.
Source: voir les articles 84;85;86 et 112 de la loi 2000-18; art. 20 de la loi n°90-023 DU 13 Août 1990
Last updated: 2006-11-20 13:44:16 UTC
PC21 Who is responsible for administering and enforcing party income/funding regulations at national level?
d. Other
Comments: Au Bénin, la Chambre des comptes de la Cours Suprême est compétente. Toutefois, cette dernière dispose de peu de moyens pour assurer le respect de cette disposition.
Source: voir les articles 85;86; 112 de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 Janvier 2001 portant règles générales pour les élections en République du Bénin.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 14:43:10 UTC
Vote Counting
VC01 What are the characteristics of ballots used at national legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
a. Single ballot (all registered parties listed)
d. Categorical (only one mark allowed)
h. Party symbols in color
k. Candidate photos in black and white
n. Random listing (lottery)
Comments: Le Bénin a été l'un des premiers pays de l'Afrique a avoir adopté le bulletin unique.
Source: Code électoral, Loi N¡2000-18, article 60.
Last updated: Thu, 11 Jul 2002 10:10:19 GMT
VC02 What are the characteristics of ballots used at national legislative elections (Chamber 2)?
s. Not applicable
Last updated: Thu, 11 Jul 2002 10:12:55 GMT
VC03 What are the characteristics of ballots used at presidential elections?
a. Single ballot (all registered parties/candidates listed)
c. Write-in ballot
f. Same ballot papers used nation-wide
h. Party symbols in color
j. Candidate photos in color
n. Random listing (lottery)
Source: Article 60 de la loi n° 2000-18(code électoral)
Last updated: 2005-01-22 16:55:33 UTC
VC04 Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
a. At the polling stations
Comments: C'est la même procédure pour toutes les élections.
Source: ARTICLE 75 de la loi N°2000-18(Code électoral).
Last updated: 2005-01-18 19:31:41 UTC
VC05 What procedures are used in the initial count?
c. Tally of voters who voted
d. Number of ballots in box reconciled against number of voters
f. Each ballot paper held up for public scrutiny, with name of party/candidate called out loud
l. Counted by hand
p. Copies of results of the count are publicly posted at the counting site immediately on the completion of the count
q. Copies of results are provided to observers
s. Copies of results are provided to party agents
Source: Code électoral, Loi N°2000-18, articles 75 et 77.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 19:38:19 UTC
VC06 Following the sorting and counting, to where are the results first transmitted for consolidation?
c. District level
Source: Code électoral, Loi N°2000-18, article 80.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 19:48:49 UTC
VC07 At what levels are seats allocated?
b. District level
d. National level
Source: article 21 de la loi n°98-006 du 09 mars 2000 portant régime électoral communal et municipal en république du bénin.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 20:34:03 UTC
VC08 How are the initial/preliminary polling results transmitted and communicated to the different levels?
a. Physically transported
Source: Code électoral, Loi N°2000-18, article 78.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 20:44:13 UTC
VC09 If the polling results are physically transported, what is transported?
b. Unused and spoiled ballots
f. Certificate of result
Comments: Les bulletins annulés sont transmis à la cour constitutionnelle pour constatation d'irrégularité.
Source: Code électoral, Loi N°2000-18, article 78.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 20:52:00 UTC
VC10 If the polling results are physically transported, what security measures are used?
d. Transported in boxes sealed with numbered seals
Source: voir article 78 de la loi n°2000-18.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 20:59:16 UTC
VC11 Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
d. By request
Comments: Pour les élections locales, la cour suprême est compétente pour les autres élections c'est la cour constitutionnelle.
Source: Voir articles 89 et 90 du Code électoral, Loi N°2000-18.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 21:04:27 UTC
VC12 If automatically recounted, what is the trigger?
e. Not applicable
Source: Voir article 89 de la loi n°2000-18
Last updated: 2005-01-18 21:08:09 UTC
VC13 If ballots are recounted by request, who can make the request?
a. Political parties
b. An individual candidate
Source: Article 53 Code électoral, Loi N° 2000-18
Last updated: 2005-01-18 21:25:54 UTC
VC14 If recounted, who conducts the recount?
h. Courts
Comments: La Cour constitutionnelle ou la cour suprême.
Source: Article 89 et 90 du code électoral, loi N° 2000-18
Last updated: 2005-01-18 21:30:24 UTC
VC15 Are preliminary results announced?
a. Yes
Comments: Après le dépouillement, on rend publique les résultats.
Source: Article 77 du code électoral, loi N¡ 2000-18.
Last updated: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 17:35:42 GMT
VC16 If preliminary results are announced, how long after the close of polls is this done?
d. Not applicable OUI
Comments: Il n'y a pas de temps imparti car on rassemble les différents résultats provisoires, et c'est la cour suprême qui proclame les resultats définitifs.
Source: Article 80 de la loi 2000-18, code électoral.
Last updated: Fri, 12 Jul 2002 17:52:34 GMT
VC17 Is there a legal requirement for the declaration of the officially certified results?
b. No
Source: voir article 80 de la loi n°2000-18
Last updated: 2005-01-18 21:46:15 UTC
VC18 How long after the close of polls is the certified results publicly announced? (if there is no legal requirement enter the average time)
c. weeks:
Comments: Nous pouvons donner en exemple le cas des élections présidentielles où le délai de la proclamation des résultats est deux semaines après le scrutin si elle n'est entachée d'aucune irrégularité pouvant entrainer son annulation.
Source: Voir article 80 de la loi n°2000-18(code électoral)et art. 49 de la Constitution du 11 Décembre 1990.
Last updated: 2005-01-18 21:43:59 UTC
Voter Education
VE01 Who conducts voter education and information campaigns at the national elections (informing where, when and how to register and vote)?
a. National Electoral Management Body
g. NGOs/ Civic Organizations
h. Political parties/ candidates
Comments: Tout le monde concourt à l'éducation des citoyens en invitant les électeurs à accomplir leur devoir.
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi(Enseignant d'université au bénin).
Last updated: 2005-01-19 13:53:27 UTC
VE02 At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
b. Election time only
Comments: Les partis politiques et la société civile sont les principaux animateurs de cette forme d'éducation.
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi et voir article 47 de la loi n°2000-18(code électoral)et les articles 3 et 4 de la loi n°90-023 du 13 Août 1990 portant charte des partis politiques.
Last updated: 2005-01-19 14:14:50 UTC
VE03 Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
e. Yes, conducted by the Government
h. Yes, conducted by NGOs/ Civic Organizations
i. Yes, conducted by Political Parties/ Candidates
j. Yes, conducted by the Media
Comments: Il existe actuellement au plan national des émissions radio ( Par-ci Par-là; le droit et la justice ) diffusée par la radio d'Etat. Les ONG comme l'Institut Kilimandjaro ( IK ) et l'Institut des Droits de l'Homme ( IDH ) font des formations continues dans le domaine . Toutefois la Constitution astreint l'Etat à assurer un programme continu
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi et voir l'article 40 de la Constitution du 11 Décembre.
Last updated: 2005-01-19 14:21:14 UTC
VE04 What types of voter education activities were carried out at the most recent national elections?
a. Poster/ Billboard campaigns
b. Media advertisement
c. Simulation exercises
d. Music and theater
e. Public meetings
g. Internet
Comments: Ces différents moyens d'éducation ont permis de réduire sensiblement la violence et les fraudes lors des différentes consultations.
Source: voir le site portail des législatives 2003(www.legilatives2003.gouv.bj/lois/annexe) sur la rubrique "actualités électorales " et l'article 37 de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 Janvier 2000 portant règles générales pour les élections en République du Bénin.
Last updated: 2005-01-19 14:31:16 UTC
VE05 What types of civic education activities were carried out at the most recent national elections?
a. Poster/ Billboard campaigns
b. Media advertisement
c. Simulation exercises
d. Music and theater
e. Public meetings
g. Internet
Comments: Il faut souligner le dynamisme et l'ingéniosité dont a fait preuve la société civile en la matière.
Source: Voir sources de VEO4.
Last updated: 2005-01-19 14:40:00 UTC
Voting Operations
VO01 Approximately what percentage (on the basis of cost) of election day supplies and equipment are obtained or produced within the country?
b. 81-90%
Source: Toussaint GNONLONFOUN.
Last updated: Thu, 11 Jul 2002 09:23:08 GMT
VO02 Is there a code of conduct for election officials?
b. No
Comments: Ils se basent sur les dispositions du code électoral.
Source: Mr théodule Nouatchi(Enseignant d'université au bénin)
Last updated: 2005-01-23 20:30:44 UTC
VO03 Where can electors vote?
a. At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections
h. By proxy
i. By tendered ballot
Comments: Les agents en mission le jour des élections peuvent voter là où ils ont été envoyés ainsi qu'un certain nombre de personnes visées par la loi.
Source: Articles 51;55;56;58 et 66 de la loi N°2000-18 du 03 janvier 2001(code électoral).
Last updated: 2005-01-19 12:22:54 UTC
VO04 Who can vote from outside the country?
b. Citizens residing outside the country
f. Diplomatic staff
Comments: Les citoyens résidant à l'extérieur du pays ont le droit de voter uniquement pour les élections présidentielles.
Source: Article 56 de la loi N°2000-18.
Last updated: 2005-01-19 12:13:08 UTC
VO05 If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
a. Embassies
b. Consulates
Source: Article 56 de la loi N°2000-18(code électoral).
Last updated: 2005-01-19 12:25:26 UTC
VO06 Can people vote in advance of the designated national election day(s)?
a. No
Source: Article 51 de la loi N°2000-18(code électoral).
Last updated: 2005-01-19 12:31:16 UTC
VO07 If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), how may they do so?
f. Not applicable
Source: voir VO06.
Last updated: 2005-01-19 12:32:50 UTC
VO08 If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), specify who:
g. Not applicable
Source: voir VO06
Last updated: 2005-01-19 12:34:10 UTC
VO09 Is there a maximum allowable voter capacity of a polling station for the national elections?
a. Yes
Comments: Il s'agit par là de permettre un meilleur contôle des élections notemment le dépouillement et pour éviter que les électeurs ne fassent de grandes distance pour voter.
Source: Toussaint GNONLONFOUN.
Last updated: Thu, 11 Jul 2002 09:48:22 GMT
VO10 Is there a maximum allowable voter capacity of a polling station for the national elections?
a. Yes, the maximum capacity is: 500
Comments: Il s'agit par là de permettre un meilleur contôle des élections notemment le dépouillement et pour éviter que les électeurs ne fassent de grandes distance pour voter.
Source: Toussaint GNONLONFOUN.
Last updated: Thu, 11 Jul 2002 09:51:06 GMT
VO11 How do electors cast their votes?
a. By manually marking the ballot
Comments: Il faut savoir que c'est le bulletin unique qui est utilisé.
Source: Article 62 alinéa 2 de la loi N°2000-18(code électoral).
Last updated: 2005-01-19 12:38:18 UTC
VO12 How many staff are assigned to each polling station?
a. The smallest polling station: 3
b. The largest polling station: 4
Comments: 3 personnes=Président et 2 assesseurs 4 personnes=Président, sécrétaire et 2 assesseurs.
Source: Toussaint GNONLONFOUN.
Last updated: Thu, 11 Jul 2002 09:55:42 GMT
Voter Registration
VR01 What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
c. 18
Comments: Au jour de l'élection, l'électeur doit avoir 18 ans révolus.
Source: Article 4 Loi N° 2000-18 (code électoral)
Last updated: 2005-01-19 13:05:16 UTC
VR02 Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
a. Citizenship
d. Naturalization
Source: Article 4 de la loi n° 2000-18(code électoral)
Last updated: 2005-01-19 13:07:38 UTC
VR03 What restrictions on registering to vote and voting exist in the country?
a. Criminal Incarceration
c. Detention
Comments: Le code prévoit plusieurs cas d'interdiction, surtout en matière de condamnation.
Source: Article 6 de la loi 2000-18(code électoral)
Last updated: 2005-01-19 13:17:01 UTC
VR04 Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
d. Election Management Body (specify)
Comments: La Commission Electorale Nationale Autonome(CENA) est chargé de tout le processus électoral.
Source: Voir article 11 de la loi N°2000-18(code électoral).
Last updated: 2005-01-19 13:21:52 UTC
VR05 What is the registration method for national elections?
b. Voters register
Comments: Les listes électorales sont établies à partir des villages.
Source: Articles 9,10, 11 et 12 de la loi n°2000-18(code électoral).
Last updated: 2005-01-19 13:25:38 UTC
VR06 How frequently is the voters register updated?
c. Periodically (or before each election)
Comments: La mise à jour a lieu avant chaque élection ,sauf si celle-ci à lieu à moins de 6 mois après la précedente.
Source: Article 11 de la loi 2000-18(code électoral)
Last updated: 2005-01-19 13:27:42 UTC
VR07 What methods are used to compile and update the voters register?
e. Appearance by voter at registration office
Comments: Cela peut se faire dans les consulats ou ambassades.
Source: Article 14 de la loi N°2000-18(code électoral)
Last updated: 2005-01-19 13:31:39 UTC
VR08 Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
a. Yes
Comments: Il s'agit d'une exception en Afrique. Suivant les dispositions du code, chaque Béninois est obligé de s'inscrire sur une liste électorale.
Source: Code électoral, loi N°2000-18 article 9.
Last updated: 2005-01-19 13:37:03 UTC
VR09 Approximately what percentage (on the basis of cost) of registration supplies and equipment are obtained or produced within the country?
Comments: Données non disponibles.
Source: Toussaint Gnoulonfoun, directeur de l'administration de lEtat, ministère de l'intérieur et de la sécurité. BP 925 , Tel: 30 45 27 28
Last updated: Wed, 10 Jul 2002 18:59:36 GMT
May 20, 2008 07:18 AM
