a. Yes

Comments: Single-member and district constituencies of the election of Members of Parliament
Source: Cabinet Council Decree (2/1990. (I.11.) on establishment of single-member and district constituencies of the election of members of Parliament
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:00:14 GMT

d. A government department or agency

Comments: The government is responsible for the final approval of the constituency boundaries.
Source: Based on Act C/1997 Art 152 and Act XXXIV/1989 Art 50 (2) the goverment is entitled to approve the constituencies. The Decree of The Government 2/1990.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:01:19 GMT

a. "Equality" of population

d. Conformity with local jurisdiction boundaries

Comments: d)Those are based on the minority, religion, historic, geographical or other local characteristics.
Source: Act C/1997 on the electoral procedure.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:03:00 GMT

b. Citizen population

Comments: Number of population shall be approximately equal.
Source: Act C/1997 on the electoral procedure.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:04:19 GMT

b. Executive

Comments:
Source: Based on Act C/1997 art 152 and Act XXXIV/1989 art 50(2) the goverment is entitled to draw the constituencies. The Decree of The Government 2/1990.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:06:40 GMT

a. Changes in number of total population

g. Changes in administrative boundaries

l. Other

Comments: l)Settlement annexation between counties.
Source: Act XLI/1999 on territory organization procedure.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:09:48 GMT

a. Name and Title: Hanna Berheim
b. Job Title: Research Assistant
c. Organisation: International IDEA

Last updated: 2006-11-30 16:32:45 UTC

a. Mandatory referendum

b. Optional referendum

c. Citizens' initiative

d. Agenda initiative

Comments: C:26 "(6) The President of the Republic shall ratify the law subject to national referendum if such law is confirmed by the national referendum." C:28/C "(1) A national referendum may be held for reaching a decision or for an expression of opinion. Carrying out a national referendum may be mandatory or may be the result of the consideration of a matter. (2) A national referendum shall be held if so initiated by at least 200,000 voting citizens. (3) If a national referendum is mandatory, the result of the successfully held national referendum shall be binding for the Parliament. (4) Based on its consideration, the Parliament may order a national referendum upon the initiative by the President of the Republic, the Government, by one-third of Members of the Parliament or by 100,000 voting citizens. (5) National referendum may not be held on the following subjects: a) on laws on the central budget, the execution of the central budget, taxes to the central government and duties, customs tariffs, and on the central government conditions for local taxes, b) obligations set forth in valid international treaties and on the contents of laws prescribing such obligations, c) the provisions of the Constitution on national referenda and popular initiatives, d) personnel and restructuring (reorganization, termination) matters falling under Parliamentary jurisdiction, e) dissolution of the Parliament, f) the Government's program, g) declaration of a state of war, a state of emergency or a state of national crisis, h) use of the Hungarian Armed Forces abroad or within the country, i) dissolution of the representative body of local governments, j) amnesty. (6) A national ratification referendum shall be considered successful if more than half of the votes of the citizens voting are valid, but at least more than one-quarter of all eligible voters have given the same answer in the referendum. C:28/D "At least 50,000 voting citizens are required for a national popular initiative. A national popular initiative may be for the purpose of forcing the Parliament to place a subject under its jurisdiction on the agenda. The Parliament shall debate the subject defined by the national popular initiative." C:28/E "In order to call a national referendum, signatures may be collected for a period of four months in the case of a civic initiative, and for a period of two months in the case of a national popular initiative." C:44 "(1) Eligible voters exercise the right to local government through the representative body that they elect and by way of local referendum."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 26, 28/C-E and 44
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:56:10 UTC

a. Constitutional

Comments: C:26 "(6) The President of the Republic shall ratify the law subject to national referendum if such law is confirmed by the national referendum." C:28/C "(1) A national referendum may be held for reaching a decision or for an expression of opinion. Carrying out a national referendum may be mandatory or may be the result of the consideration of a matter. (2) A national referendum shall be held if so initiated by at least 200,000 voting citizens. (3) If a national referendum is mandatory, the result of the successfully held national referendum shall be binding for the Parliament. (4) Based on its consideration, the Parliament may order a national referendum upon the initiative by the President of the Republic, the Government, by one-third of Members of the Parliament or by 100,000 voting citizens. (5) National referendum may not be held on the following subjects: a) on laws on the central budget, the execution of the central budget, taxes to the central government and duties, customs tariffs, and on the central government conditions for local taxes, b) obligations set forth in valid international treaties and on the contents of laws prescribing such obligations, c) the provisions of the Constitution on national referenda and popular initiatives, d) personnel and restructuring (reorganization, termination) matters falling under Parliamentary jurisdiction, e) dissolution of the Parliament, f) the Government's program, g) declaration of a state of war, a state of emergency or a state of national crisis, h) use of the Hungarian Armed Forces abroad or within the country, i) dissolution of the representative body of local governments, j) amnesty. (6) A national ratification referendum shall be considered successful if more than half of the votes of the citizens voting are valid, but at least more than one-quarter of all eligible voters have given the same answer in the referendum. C:28/D "At least 50,000 voting citizens are required for a national popular initiative. A national popular initiative may be for the purpose of forcing the Parliament to place a subject under its jurisdiction on the agenda. The Parliament shall debate the subject defined by the national popular initiative."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 26 and 28/C-D
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:56:10 UTC

a. Constitutional

Comments: C:26 "(6) The President of the Republic shall ratify the law subject to national referendum if such law is confirmed by the national referendum." C:28/C "(1) A national referendum may be held for reaching a decision or for an expression of opinion. Carrying out a national referendum may be mandatory or may be the result of the consideration of a matter. (2) A national referendum shall be held if so initiated by at least 200,000 voting citizens. (3) If a national referendum is mandatory, the result of the successfully held national referendum shall be binding for the Parliament. (4) Based on its consideration, the Parliament may order a national referendum upon the initiative by the President of the Republic, the Government, by one-third of Members of the Parliament or by 100,000 voting citizens. (5) National referendum may not be held on the following subjects: a) on laws on the central budget, the execution of the central budget, taxes to the central government and duties, customs tariffs, and on the central government conditions for local taxes, b) obligations set forth in valid international treaties and on the contents of laws prescribing such obligations, c) the provisions of the Constitution on national referenda and popular initiatives, d) personnel and restructuring (reorganization, termination) matters falling under Parliamentary jurisdiction, e) dissolution of the Parliament, f) the Government's program, g) declaration of a state of war, a state of emergency or a state of national crisis, h) use of the Hungarian Armed Forces abroad or within the country, i) dissolution of the representative body of local governments, j) amnesty. (6) A national ratification referendum shall be considered successful if more than half of the votes of the citizens voting are valid, but at least more than one-quarter of all eligible voters have given the same answer in the referendum. C:28/D "At least 50,000 voting citizens are required for a national popular initiative. A national popular initiative may be for the purpose of forcing the Parliament to place a subject under its jurisdiction on the agenda. The Parliament shall debate the subject defined by the national popular initiative." C:28/E "In order to call a national referendum, signatures may be collected for a period of four months in the case of a civic initiative, and for a period of two months in the case of a national popular initiative."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 26 and 28/C-E
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:56:10 UTC

a. Constitutional

Comments: C:26 "(6) The President of the Republic shall ratify the law subject to national referendum if such law is confirmed by the national referendum." C:28/C "(1) A national referendum may be held for reaching a decision or for an expression of opinion. Carrying out a national referendum may be mandatory or may be the result of the consideration of a matter. (2) A national referendum shall be held if so initiated by at least 200,000 voting citizens. (3) If a national referendum is mandatory, the result of the successfully held national referendum shall be binding for the Parliament. (4) Based on its consideration, the Parliament may order a national referendum upon the initiative by the President of the Republic, the Government, by one-third of Members of the Parliament or by 100,000 voting citizens. (5) National referendum may not be held on the following subjects: a) on laws on the central budget, the execution of the central budget, taxes to the central government and duties, customs tariffs, and on the central government conditions for local taxes, b) obligations set forth in valid international treaties and on the contents of laws prescribing such obligations, c) the provisions of the Constitution on national referenda and popular initiatives, d) personnel and restructuring (reorganization, termination) matters falling under Parliamentary jurisdiction, e) dissolution of the Parliament, f) the Government's program, g) declaration of a state of war, a state of emergency or a state of national crisis, h) use of the Hungarian Armed Forces abroad or within the country, i) dissolution of the representative body of local governments, j) amnesty. (6) A national ratification referendum shall be considered successful if more than half of the votes of the citizens voting are valid, but at least more than one-quarter of all eligible voters have given the same answer in the referendum. C:28/D "At least 50,000 voting citizens are required for a national popular initiative. A national popular initiative may be for the purpose of forcing the Parliament to place a subject under its jurisdiction on the agenda. The Parliament shall debate the subject defined by the national popular initiative." C:28/E "In order to call a national referendum, signatures may be collected for a period of four months in the case of a civic initiative, and for a period of two months in the case of a national popular initiative."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 26 and 28/C-E
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:56:10 UTC

a. Constitutional

Comments: C:28/C "(1) A national referendum may be held for reaching a decision or for an expression of opinion. Carrying out a national referendum may be mandatory or may be the result of the consideration of a matter. (2) A national referendum shall be held if so initiated by at least 200,000 voting citizens. (3) If a national referendum is mandatory, the result of the successfully held national referendum shall be binding for the Parliament. (4) Based on its consideration, the Parliament may order a national referendum upon the initiative by the President of the Republic, the Government, by one-third of Members of the Parliament or by 100,000 voting citizens. (5) National referendum may not be held on the following subjects: a) on laws on the central budget, the execution of the central budget, taxes to the central government and duties, customs tariffs, and on the central government conditions for local taxes, b) obligations set forth in valid international treaties and on the contents of laws prescribing such obligations, c) the provisions of the Constitution on national referenda and popular initiatives, d) personnel and restructuring (reorganization, termination) matters falling under Parliamentary jurisdiction, e) dissolution of the Parliament, f) the Government's program, g) declaration of a state of war, a state of emergency or a state of national crisis, h) use of the Hungarian Armed Forces abroad or within the country, i) dissolution of the representative body of local governments, j) amnesty. (6) A national ratification referendum shall be considered successful if more than half of the votes of the citizens voting are valid, but at least more than one-quarter of all eligible voters have given the same answer in the referendum. C:28/D "At least 50,000 voting citizens are required for a national popular initiative. A national popular initiative may be for the purpose of forcing the Parliament to place a subject under its jurisdiction on the agenda. The Parliament shall debate the subject defined by the national popular initiative." C:28/E "In order to call a national referendum, signatures may be collected for a period of four months in the case of a civic initiative, and for a period of two months in the case of a national popular initiative."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/C-E
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:56:10 UTC

e. Not applicable

Last updated: 2006-11-30 16:53:52 UTC

e. Not applicable

Last updated: 2006-11-30 16:53:52 UTC

Last updated: 2006-11-30 16:32:45 UTC

Last updated: 2006-11-30 16:32:45 UTC

a. Mandatory referendum 1989
b. Optional referendum 1989
c. Citizens' initiative 1989
d. Agenda initiative 1989

Last updated: 2006-11-30 16:53:52 UTC

a. Mandatory referendum 1989
b. Optional referendum 1989
c. Citizens' initiative 1989
d. Agenda initiative 1989

Last updated: 2006-11-30 16:53:52 UTC

c. No

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:26:57 UTC

c. No

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:26:57 UTC

c. No

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:26:57 UTC

c. No

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:26:57 UTC

c. No

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:26:57 UTC

a. Yes, in all municipalities/districts/communes

Comments: C:44 "(1) Eligible voters exercise the right to local government through the representative body that they elect and by way of local referendum."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 44
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:26:57 UTC

a. Yes, in all municipalities/districts/communes

Comments: C:44 "(1) Eligible voters exercise the right to local government through the representative body that they elect and by way of local referendum."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 44
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:26:57 UTC

a. Yes, in all municipalities/districts/communes

Comments: C:44 "(1) Eligible voters exercise the right to local government through the representative body that they elect and by way of local referendum."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 44
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:30:14 UTC

a. Yes, in all municipalities/districts/communes

Comments: C:44 "(1) Eligible voters exercise the right to local government through the representative body that they elect and by way of local referendum."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 44
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:30:14 UTC

c. No

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:30:14 UTC

h. Taxes and public expenditure commitments

j. Other (specify)

Comments: j) C:28/C "(5) National referendum may not be held on the following subjects: a) on laws on the central budget, the execution of the central budget, taxes to the central government and duties, customs tariffs, and on the central government conditions for local taxes, b) obligations set forth in valid international treaties and on the contents of laws prescribing such obligations, c) the provisions of the Constitution on national referenda and popular initiatives, d) personnel and restructuring (reorganization, termination) matters falling under Parliamentary jurisdiction, e) dissolution of the Parliament, f) the Government's program, g) declaration of a state of war, a state of emergency or a state of national crisis, h) use of the Hungarian Armed Forces abroad or within the country, i) dissolution of the representative body of local governments, j) amnesty."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/C(5)
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:30:14 UTC

f. Not applicable

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:34:34 UTC

a. Government

c. President

d. Legislative majority

e. Registered electors

Comments: C:28/C "(1) A national referendum may be held for reaching a decision or for an expression of opinion. Carrying out a national referendum may be mandatory or may be the result of the consideration of a matter. (2) A national referendum shall be held if so initiated by at least 200,000 voting citizens. (3) If a national referendum is mandatory, the result of the successfully held national referendum shall be binding for the Parliament. (4) Based on its consideration, the Parliament may order a national referendum upon the initiative by the President of the Republic, the Government, by one-third of Members of the Parliament or by 100,000 voting citizens."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/C
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:34:34 UTC

a. Turnout quorum 51
b. Approval quorum 1/4

Comments: C:28/C "(6) A national ratification referendum shall be considered successful if more than half of the votes of the citizens voting are valid, but at least more than one-quarter of all eligible voters have given the same answer in the referendum."
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:38:32 UTC

a. Turnout quorum 51
b. Approval quorum 1/4

Comments: C:28/C "(6) A national ratification referendum shall be considered successful if more than half of the votes of the citizens voting are valid, but at least more than one-quarter of all eligible voters have given the same answer in the referendum."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/C(6)
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:38:32 UTC

a. Simple majority (>50%)

Comments: C:28/C "(6) A national ratification referendum shall be considered successful if more than half of the votes of the citizens voting are valid, but at least more than one-quarter of all eligible voters have given the same answer in the referendum."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/C(6)
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:38:32 UTC

a. Simple majority (>50%)

Comments: C:28/C "(6) A national ratification referendum shall be considered successful if more than half of the votes of the citizens voting are valid, but at least more than one-quarter of all eligible voters have given the same answer in the referendum."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/C(6)
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:38:32 UTC

b. Under certain circumstances (specify below)

Comments: b) When the turnout and approval quorum is fulfilled. C:28/C "(6) A national ratification referendum shall be considered successful if more than half of the votes of the citizens voting are valid, but at least more than one-quarter of all eligible voters have given the same answer in the referendum."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/C(6)
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:56:10 UTC

a. Always

Comments: b) When the turnout and approval quorum is fulfilled. C:28/C "(6) A national ratification referendum shall be considered successful if more than half of the votes of the citizens voting are valid, but at least more than one-quarter of all eligible voters have given the same answer in the referendum."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/C(6)
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:56:10 UTC

a. Constitutional amendments

b. Legislative proposals

c. Other (specify)

Comments: c) All matters except those that are excluded by tha law. C:28/C "(1) A national referendum may be held for reaching a decision or for an expression of opinion. Carrying out a national referendum may be mandatory or may be the result of the consideration of a matter. (2) A national referendum shall be held if so initiated by at least 200,000 voting citizens. (3) If a national referendum is mandatory, the result of the successfully held national referendum shall be binding for the Parliament. (4) Based on its consideration, the Parliament may order a national referendum upon the initiative by the President of the Republic, the Government, by one-third of Members of the Parliament or by 100,000 voting citizens. (5) National referendum may not be held on the following subjects: a) on laws on the central budget, the execution of the central budget, taxes to the central government and duties, customs tariffs, and on the central government conditions for local taxes, b) obligations set forth in valid international treaties and on the contents of laws prescribing such obligations, c) the provisions of the Constitution on national referenda and popular initiatives, d) personnel and restructuring (reorganization, termination) matters falling under Parliamentary jurisdiction, e) dissolution of the Parliament, f) the Government's program, g) declaration of a state of war, a state of emergency or a state of national crisis, h) use of the Hungarian Armed Forces abroad or within the country, i) dissolution of the representative body of local governments, j) amnesty. (6) A national ratification referendum shall be considered successful if more than half of the votes of the citizens voting are valid, but at least more than one-quarter of all eligible voters have given the same answer in the referendum.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/C
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:56:10 UTC

a. Constitutional amendments

b. Legislative proposals

Comments: C:28/D "At least 50,000 voting citizens are required for a national popular initiative. A national popular initiative may be for the purpose of forcing the Parliament to place a subject under its jurisdiction on the agenda. The Parliament shall debate the subject defined by the national popular initiative."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/D
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:46:34 UTC

h. Taxes and public expenditure commitments

j. Other (specify)

Comments: j) C:28/C "(5) National referendum may not be held on the following subjects: a) on laws on the central budget, the execution of the central budget, taxes to the central government and duties, customs tariffs, and on the central government conditions for local taxes, b) obligations set forth in valid international treaties and on the contents of laws prescribing such obligations, c) the provisions of the Constitution on national referenda and popular initiatives, d) personnel and restructuring (reorganization, termination) matters falling under Parliamentary jurisdiction, e) dissolution of the Parliament, f) the Government's program, g) declaration of a state of war, a state of emergency or a state of national crisis, h) use of the Hungarian Armed Forces abroad or within the country, i) dissolution of the representative body of local governments, j) amnesty."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/C(5)
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:46:34 UTC

h. Taxes and public expenditure commitments

j. Other (specify)

Comments: j) C:28/C "(5) National referendum may not be held on the following subjects: a) on laws on the central budget, the execution of the central budget, taxes to the central government and duties, customs tariffs, and on the central government conditions for local taxes, b) obligations set forth in valid international treaties and on the contents of laws prescribing such obligations, c) the provisions of the Constitution on national referenda and popular initiatives, d) personnel and restructuring (reorganization, termination) matters falling under Parliamentary jurisdiction, e) dissolution of the Parliament, f) the Government's program, g) declaration of a state of war, a state of emergency or a state of national crisis, h) use of the Hungarian Armed Forces abroad or within the country, i) dissolution of the representative body of local governments, j) amnesty."
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/C(5)
Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:46:34 UTC

a. A number of individuals

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:46:34 UTC

a. A number of individuals

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:46:34 UTC

k. Not applicable

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:46:34 UTC

g. Not applicable

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:46:34 UTC

b. Not applicable X

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:46:34 UTC

d. Not applicable

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:46:34 UTC

c. Not applicable

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:46:34 UTC

b. Not applicable X

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:46:34 UTC

c. Not applicable

Last updated: 2006-12-01 10:46:34 UTC

Last updated: 2006-11-30 16:32:45 UTC

Last updated: 2006-11-30 16:32:45 UTC

Last updated: 2006-11-30 16:32:45 UTC

Last updated: 2006-11-30 16:32:45 UTC

Last updated: 2006-11-30 16:32:45 UTC

a. Name of Institution Central Data Processing, Registration and Election Office
b. Full Address 1094 Budapest, Balázs Béla u. 35; 1450 Budapest, Pf. 81
c. Telephone + 36 1 4566581
d. Facsimile + 36 1 4566579
e. Email visz(a)mail.valasztas.hu
f. Website Address www.election.hu
g. Name and Title of Chairperson/President Prof. Dr Lajos Ficzere
i. Official language of the electoral law governing national elections Hungarian

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: 2008-01-21 13:26:48 UTC

a. National level

b. Regional level

c. Local level

d. Other kinds of elections (church, union, etc.) Please specify.

Comments: d) The election of the local governments of national minorities.
Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: 2008-01-21 13:26:48 UTC

c. The legislature

Source: Act C/1997, art 34(2)
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:53:11 GMT

c. The legislature

Comments: The National Electoral Committee does not have a budget of their own. The personal and objective expenses are ensured by the Central Registration and Election Office.
Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: 2008-01-21 13:26:48 UTC

g. Other

Comments: As it does not have an own budget, the expenses are not being controlled directly.
Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: 2008-01-21 13:26:48 UTC

b. For a term of _________ years

Comments: For a term of 4 years.
Source: Act C/1997
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 13:57:41 GMT

a. Elected (specify by whom)

Comments: By the EMB itself.
Source: Act C/1997 Art 28 paragraph 2
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:07:55 GMT

a. estimated total: 25000000
b. Exchange rate used 270/1

Comments: 25 000 000 USD The total amount spent is devided according to the followings: a.Voter registration and preparation of voter lists: 10,7 % b.Election Management Body administration: 32,44% c.Staff/Equipment/Supplies: included in point b. d.Security: 8,56 % e.Official funding of parties and candidates: 2,6% f.Voter education: 4,36% g.Materials/systems for and operation of voting stations and ballot counts: 10,9% h.Challenges,dispute resolution and legal costs: not applicable (these procedures are free from fees) i.Polling operations: 15,48% j.Vote tabulation: 13,21% k.Education of election staff: 1,75%
Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu (May 2002)
Last updated: 2008-01-21 13:26:48 UTC

a. Total number: 8000000

Comments: 8 million
Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: 2008-01-21 13:26:48 UTC

a. USD/registered voter 3,125
b. Exchange rate used 270/1

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: 2008-01-21 13:26:48 UTC

a. Voter registration and preparation of voter lists 10,7 %
b. Election Management Body administration 32,44%
c. Staff/Equipment/Supplies included in the previous point
d. Security 8,56 %
e. Official funding of parties and candidates 2,6%
f. Voter education 4,36%
g. Materials/systems for and operation of voting stations and ballot counts 10,9%
i. Polling operations 15,48%
j. Vote tabulation 13,21%
k. Other 1,75%

Comments: 3Otherä is meant to be the education of election staff
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:05:09 GMT

d. Indirectly elected by legislature

Source: Constitution Art. 29/a
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 11:20:06 GMT

c. Indirectly elected by legislature/chosen by parliament

Comments: The Head of Government is elected by the Parliament on the initiative of the Head of State, by the majority of the representatives votes.
Source: Constitution Art 33, paragraph(3).
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 11:21:25 GMT

a. Yes

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:07:38 GMT

a. One chamber

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:08:27 GMT

e. Parallel (Segmented) (PR Lists and Majoritarian constituencies)

Source: Act XXXIV/1989
Last updated: 2004-07-13 18:44:48 UTC

k. The national legislature consists of one chamber only

Comments: Hungarian parliament is unicameral.
Source: Constitution art 19.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:09:28 GMT

g. Other

Comments: Question not answered
Source: Act XXXIV of 1989
Last updated: 2005-01-13 12:06:50 UTC

a. National level

b. Specially delimited constituencies

c. Regional/provincial level

Comments: The Hungarian electoral system consists of three elements: national list (compensational), regional lists (proportional; in the capital and in 19 counties). Additional, 176 deputies are elected from majoritarian constituencies.
Source: Act XXXIV/1989
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:15:49 GMT

d. Not applicable

Comments: Hungarian parliament is unicameral.
Source: Constitution art 19.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:13:15 GMT

b. No

Comments: The law on ethnic and national minorities provides to create or preserve special seats but these are still no one in place.
Source: Act XXXIV/1989
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:14:47 GMT

e. Not applicable NOT APPLICABLE

Comments: See ES 08
Source: Act XXXIV. of 1989
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 13:22:26 GMT

c. The national legislature consists of one chamber only

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:17:37 GMT

b. Specify the percentage:

Comments: "In order to be eligible for a mandate at the territorial level, a party list must secure a minimum of 5% of the vote after all territorial votes are aggregated at the national level. Only parties passing this 5% threshold at the national level qualify for mandate at the territorial and national levels."
Source: Act XXXIV/1989 Art. 8 paragraph 5 Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (www.osce.org/odihr/election/hung1-4.htm)
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:19:45 GMT

c. Not applicable

Comments: The national legislature only consists of one chamber.
Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:20:32 GMT

a. No minimum

Source: Act XXXIV/1989
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 13:24:45 GMT

c. Not applicable

Last updated: Wed, 12 Sep 2001 14:25:19 GMT

a. At fixed intervals (specify length)

b. Elections can be called at any time (specify by whom)

c. On a fixed day of the week (specify day, specify if holiday)

Comments: The election takes place every fourth year in April-May. The date of the election is called by the Head of State.
Source: Constitution, art 20. paragraph 1.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:22:06 GMT

e. Not applicable

Comments: The national legislature only consists of one chamber.
Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:23:10 GMT

b. Voting takes place over a period of 2 or more days

Source: Act C/1997, art 61 paragraph (1).
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:23:58 GMT

c. Not applicable

Last updated: Thu, 13 Sep 2001 07:09:33 GMT

a. Part of Constitution

b. Separate legislation

c. Decree

d. Regulations or administrative rules

Comments: The basic principles and regulations are found in the Constitution, the law on the election of deputies to National Assembly and the Law on the electoral proceedings are acts of the legislation. Some technical question is regulated by decrees and administrative measures.
Source: Constitution, Act C/1997 and Act XXXIV/1989.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:30:24 GMT

a. January 2000 or later

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:32:05 GMT

a. National elections

b. Regional elections

c. Local elections

d. Referendums

e. Other

Comments: e) Election of the local governments of national minorities.
Source: C/1997 art 1.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:31:42 GMT

a. Voting is voluntary

Comments: "Exercise of the right to vote shall be optional"
Source: Act No. XXXIV/1989 and Act C/1997 art 3, subparagraph b.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:57:59 GMT

a. National elections are not held on the same day as regional or local elections

Comments: Comments: The national elections have to be held on a different day than the local elections (under the provisions of constitution) National elections have to be held in April or May Constitution Art 20 paragraph (1), local government elections shall be held in October Constitution 44 paragraph (2)
Source: Constitution
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 13:41:56 GMT

c. Not applicable

Comments: Comments: The president is elected by the Parliament.
Source: Source Info: Constitution 29/A, 29/B
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 13:42:42 GMT

b. EMB

Comments: Comments: The members of the election committees: 1) elected members 2) charged/delegated members of candidates. (Rights and obligations of elected and charged members are the same.)
Source: Act C/1997 Art 80.
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 13:43:34 GMT

h. Not applicable

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:37:09 GMT

a. Candidates

b. Parties

c. Voters

Comments: The affected legal person has also the right to submit cases to the agency (ies) which adjudicates formal disputes.
Source: Act C/1997 Art 77.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:39:55 GMT

c. Superior Court

d. Local Court

Source: Act C/1997 Art 77.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:41:36 GMT

b. Legislative Committee

c. Government

e. Legislature

Comments: Right to vote is a fundamental right, therefore based on art 8. (2) of the Constitution it can be regulated only by Acts of the Parliament. Propositions to modify the Law is entitled by the Government, any members of Parliament, President of the Republic or any Legislative Comittee (Standing orders Art 85). Parliament must vote 2/3 majority to pass electoral reform.
Source: Constitution, art 85.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 13:50:39 GMT

Last updated: 2005-04-02 17:34:47 UTC

a. Publicly owned

c. Privately owned

Comments: D) parties can not be media owners/providers
Source: Law on media Art. 86. para. 2-3
Last updated: 2006-03-28 17:44:45 UTC

a. Publicly owned

c. Privately owned

Comments: D) parties can not be media owners/providers
Source: Law on media Art. 86. para. 2-3.
Last updated: 2007-01-29 14:20:12 UTC

c. Privately owned

Last updated: 2005-04-03 13:17:36 UTC

d. No government newspaper: competition between two or more major private newspapers

Last updated: 2005-04-03 13:17:56 UTC

a. Over 60%

Last updated: 2006-03-28 17:44:45 UTC

a. Over 60%

Last updated: 2005-04-03 13:21:15 UTC

b. Private radio

d. Private television

Last updated: 2005-04-03 13:22:48 UTC

a. a

Comments: In general: Law about the publicness of public interest data and about the protection of personal data (LXII/1992) For the print media: Law on press, Art. 4. (II./1986)
Source: In general: Law about the publicness of public interest data and about the protection of personal data (LXII/1992) For the print media: Law on press, Art. 4. (II./1986)
Last updated: 2007-01-29 14:20:12 UTC

a. A

Comments: latest amendments in 2004
Source: http://www.complex.hu/kzldat/t0300100.htm/t0300100_25.htm#kagy147
Last updated: 2006-03-28 17:44:45 UTC

a. Over 60%

Last updated: 2005-04-03 13:37:58 UTC

a. Over 60 %

Last updated: 2005-04-03 13:38:40 UTC

b. Government radio

Last updated: 2005-04-03 13:39:50 UTC

b. Private radio

d. Private television

Last updated: 2005-04-03 13:40:15 UTC

a. a

Comments: Chapter IV. of the media law To the protection of independence of public broadcasters the Parliament forms public foundations.
Source: Art. 53-66. of media law
Last updated: 2007-01-29 14:20:12 UTC

a. M

Last updated: 2006-03-28 17:44:45 UTC

b. Independent regulator

Comments: National Radio and Television Commission
Source: Chapter III of the media law
Last updated: 2005-04-03 13:44:44 UTC

b. Private companies

c. Non governmental organisations

d. Foreigners

g. Other

Comments: A., E. and F. are explicitly prohibited in art. 86. to G: everyone can be broadcaster under the condition of the Media Law, prohibitions are regulated as exceptions
Source: Ch. VI. Of the Media Law (art. 85-114.)
Last updated: 2007-01-29 14:20:12 UTC

a. a

Comments: (1) If the broadcaster fails to satisfy or violates the conditions and requirements set forth in this present Act, or in the Copyright Act or is in breach of the conditions and undertakings of the broadcasting contract or radio licence, or if a person was engaged to the effect of employment by the broadcaster at the time of the event, was later found guilty of a criminal act defined in Section 329. of the Penal Code and was given a sentence in force, then the Commission shall a. order the broadcaster to abandon the offensive conduct, b. establish the violation in a written admonition and call on the broadcaster to abandon the violation, and to refrain from such violation in the future, c. suspend the licence for broadcasting transmission licence for a period not exceeding thirty days, d. impose the penalty for non-performance specified in the contract, e. impose, upon the public service broadcaster or in response to the initiation of the Complaints Committee, a fine of the sum determined between the limits set in Section 135. f. terminates the contract with immediate effect. (4) The contract shall be terminated with immediate effect if a. the contract could not have been executed, and the violation still exists, b. the contract is in violation of Chapter Eight of this present Act, and the licensee has failed to remedy the violation in accordance with the relevant ruling brought by the Office of Economic Competition or by the Commission within one hundred and eighty days, c. the written admonition under Paragraph (1) Sub-paragraph b) would need to be issued for the second time since the execution of the contract. (6) If the violation of the provisions pertaining to advertising and to sponsorship also harms the interests of the viewers or listeners, then the Commission, in addition to applying the legal remedies for breach of contract, may initiate to the General Supervision of Consumer Protection the prohibition of, setting conditions for, the continuation of the service and also the imposition of a fine.
Source: Art. 112. of media law
Last updated: 2007-01-29 14:20:12 UTC

a. Yes

Comments: A journalist is charged with "deliberate breach of a state secret" under Article 221 of the Hungarian Penal Code. Two right-wing journalists were given a suspended 10 and 8 months jail sentence. Real problems emerge sometimes with extreme right-wing hate speech cases in media
Source: http://canada.ifex.org/fr/content/view/full/62705/ http://www.nol.hu/cikk/168167/
Last updated: 2007-01-29 14:20:12 UTC

a. Law

Comments: Media Law and Law on electoral procedure (LEP) (I./1996. and C./1997.)
Source: Media Law and Law on electoral procedure (LEP) (I./1996. and C./1997.)
Last updated: 2005-04-03 14:46:13 UTC

d. Legislature

Comments: According to Article 11. of media law, during election campaigns the publication of political advertisements in broadcasting shall be governed by the provisions of the relevant Acts on the election of Members of Parliament, members and mayors of local government Corporations, on the election of minority self-governments and social insurance self-governments. Outside election campaigns, political advertisements may be broadcast exclusively in connection with a previously announced referendum. The referred laws do not contain any special rules about the body regulating the media coverage of elections.
Last updated: 2007-01-29 14:20:12 UTC

b. No

Comments: It gives legal instruction for the media in the election period.
Source: http://www.election.hu/nepszav03/hu/06/vf2/47fuz004.htm
Last updated: 2005-04-04 11:55:06 UTC

d. Not applicable

Comments: For the enforcement of reply and correction the Complaints Committee is competent. see above B.4.1.
Source: Media Law, Art. 47-50.
Last updated: 2005-04-04 11:57:11 UTC

a. Yes

Comments: as in general Art. 49 of media law (1) If a broadcaster provides one-sided information on social issues concerning the population of the signal area, especially if it only offers the opportunity to represent a single or one-sided view on the controversial issue, or if he seriously violates the fundamental principle of the provision of balanced information, then the representative of the undisclosed opinion or the injured party himself (hereinafter: the complainant) may raise an objection to the broadcaster. (2) The complainant may, in writing, request the broadcaster to publish his opinion of the objected communication with conditions similar to those of the objected communication, within forty-eight hours, or, in the case of a complainant residing (staying or operating) outside the borders of the Republic of Hungary, eight days after the original publication, or in the case of a repeated publication, after the last showing of the objected communication. (3) The Broadcaster shall make a decision to accept or reject the complaint, within forty-eight hours from the receipt of the complaint. The complainant shall be immediately informed on the decision. Within forty-eight hours of the receipt of such decision, or, in the absence of a decision within six days following the publication of the objected communication - twelve days in the case of a complainant staying abroad -, the complainant may lodge a complaint in writing with the Complaints Committee with accurate identification of the broadcaster and the programme item representing the objected view. A complaint may also be lodged with the Complaints Committee if the broadcaster fails to act upon the complaint in spite of his statement accepting the case for complaint. In this case, the complaint shall be lodged with the Complaints Committee within forty-eight hours following the expiration of the time undertaken for acting upon the complaint.
Source: Art. 49 of media law
Last updated: 2007-01-29 14:20:12 UTC

a. Criminal prosecution

b. Administrative sanction

c. Other (specify)

Comments: Art. 179, 180 and 181. of the Criminal Code Article 138 of Act nr. 69 of 1999 on petty offences ad c: civil liability: defamation under Article 78 and redress under Art. 84. of Act IV of 1959 on the Civil Code
Source: http://www.coe.int/t/e/human_rights/media/5_Documentary_Resources/2_Thematic_documentation/Freedom_of_expression/DH-MM(2003)006%20rev%20Bil%20Legal%20prov%20defamation,%20libel%20&%20insult.asp#P908_84842
Last updated: 2007-01-29 14:20:12 UTC

b. No

Last updated: 2005-04-04 12:29:24 UTC

a. Equal regardless of size of party and previous performance

Comments: a) Applies to free broadcast time. At the election of members of Parliament: Act C of 1997 on Electoral Procedure: § 93 (1) National public service program providers shall publish the political advertisements of nominating organisations putting forward national lists, regional public service program providers shall publish the political advertisements of nominating organisations putting forward regional lists in their region of reception, local public service program providers shall publish the political advertisements of candidates announcing themselves in single mandate constituencies in their region of reception from the 18th day preceding the elections the latest until the 3rd day before the elections, at least once, free of charge. (2) On the last day of the election campaign the program providers defined in paragraph (1) shall publish the political advertisements produced by nominating organisations and candidates pursuant to the provisions set forth in paragraph (1), free of charge. At the election of members of the European Parliament: Act C of 1997 on Electoral Procedure: § 99/A. The provisions § 93 shall be properly applied in the election of the Members of the European Parliament, providing that national program providers shall publish the political advertisements of nominating organisations setting up a list at least three times free of charge. At the election of the members and mayors of local governments: Act C of 1997 on Electoral Procedure: § 106 (1) Local public service broadcasters shall at least once, free of charge publish the political advertisements of nominating organisations, and candidates for mayor in proportion to the nomination or the setting up of lists, from the 15th day before voting to the 3rd before voting. All of the independent candidates are entitled to this right jointly, in proportion to their nomination. (2) On the last day of the election campaign, national program providers shall publish the summary of the eight nominating organisations that have put forward the most candidates for representative and mayor in terms of nationwide aggregation. Joint candidates and lists shall be taken into consideration in proportion to nomination.
Source: International IDEA (2003) "Funding of Political Parties and Election Campaigns". See various legislation above.
Last updated: 2007-01-29 14:20:12 UTC

b. The law does not specify any limits on paid advertising X

Comments: The law does not specify any limits on paid advertising. It does however provide regulations for the maximum amount a candidate can spend during the election campaign. Also, the direct public funding shall be used to cover material costs only.
Source: Act C of 1997 on Electoral Procedure, art. 91, 92
Last updated: 2007-01-29 14:18:31 UTC

Last updated: 2007-01-17 10:44:22 UTC

Last updated: 2007-01-17 10:44:22 UTC

Last updated: 2007-01-17 10:44:22 UTC

Last updated: 2007-01-17 10:44:22 UTC

b. Yes, in legislative elections

Comments: Unregulated. It is the participants and the editors of the discussion who lay down the rules.
Source: Tamás Mucsi, The Central Data Processing, Registration and Election Office
Last updated: 2007-01-29 14:20:12 UTC

Last updated: 2007-01-17 10:44:22 UTC

f. Other

Comments: The National Electoral Office (not the Commission) instructs the media on the legality and etchical questions of media coverage.
Source: http://www.valasztas.hu/nepszav03/hu/06/vf2/75fuzet.htm
Last updated: 2007-01-29 14:20:12 UTC

d. Other

Comments: There are no significant barriers.
Last updated: 2005-04-04 13:00:51 UTC

a. Very effective

Last updated: 2005-04-04 12:53:57 UTC

a. Signature requirement (specify requirement)

Comments: There are three elements of the election system: national list, territorial list and single-member constituencies. To be a candidate in a single member constituency 750 signatures are required. Only those parties are entitled to territorial list which in this territory have candidates. The party has to have 25% but at least 2 candidates of the eligible deputies of this territory. Only those parties are entitled to a national list which have at least 7 territorial lists.
Source: Act XXXIV/1989
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:39:10 GMT

g. Not applicable

Comments: The national legislature only consists of one chamber.
Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:37:42 GMT

a. Age

b. Citizenship

d. Residence

f. Registration

Source: Act XXXIV/1989, art 3.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:41:53 GMT

k. Not applicable

Comments: The national legislature only consists of one chamber.
Source: Constitution, Chapter II.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:43:03 GMT

a. Age

b. Citizenship

d. Residence

f. Registration

Comments: 50 signatures of deputies of the parliament are needed. The President is elected by the Parliament. Every voter can be elected for president over the age of 35.
Source: Constitution art 29/A.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:55:49 GMT

a. Current criminal incarceration

c. Criminal record

k. Mental health problems

Source: Act XXXIV/1989 art 2.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:49:40 GMT

a. Current criminal incarceration

k. Mental health problems

Source: Constitution art 29/A.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:57:09 GMT

e. In both presidential and legislative elections

Source: Constitution Art 29/A, Act XXXIV/1989
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:46:52 GMT

a. Signature requirement (specify)

Comments: 750
Source: Act XXXIV/1989 Art 5 para (2)
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:47:22 GMT

e. Not applicable

Comments: Parliament is unicameral.
Source: Constituion Art 19 et seq
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:48:02 GMT

a. Signature requirement (specify)

Comments: President is elected by the Parliament. To be nominated 50 signatures of the deputies of the parliament are needed.
Source: Consitution Art 29/A
Last updated: Fri, 24 May 2002 09:06:33 GMT

b. Direct

c. Indirect

Source: Act XXXIII/1989 on the political parties, Chapter IV. Act I/1996 on the media.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:58:14 GMT

c. As related to the election period and between elections

Comments: The funding is set annually in the act of the budget. Disbursement takes place in every quarter of a year.
Source: Source Info: Act XXXIII/1989 Chapter IV.
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:51:43 GMT

a. Free media access

b. Tax credits

d. Other

Comments: Some economic activities of the parties are free from VAT. Act XXXIII/1989 Art 6 (2) The parties receive some immobiles Act XXXIII/1989 Art 5 (1) On the media access Act I/1996, Act C/1997
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:52:58 GMT

a. Equal funding, regardless of size and previous performance

c. Based on current legislative representation

d. Based on number of candidates put forward in present election

Comments: 25 % to the political parties, which have deputies in the Parliament regardless of size. 75 % to all parties based on the result of previous elections.
Source: Act XXXIII/1989 art 5.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:59:20 GMT

a. General party administration

b. Election campaign activities

Source: Act XXXIII./1989, Act C/1997 Act I/1996
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:54:15 GMT

a. Yes

Comments: Private funding means: 1) financial contribution of private company 2) by testament 3) limited economy activity of the party 4) company founded by the party
Source: Act XXXIII/1989 Art 4
Last updated: Fri, 24 May 2002 09:13:21 GMT

c. As related to the election period and between elections

Source: Act XXXIII/1989 art 4.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 15:00:10 GMT

a. Public disclosure of party contributions received

b. Public disclosure of party expenditure

e. Ceilings on party election expenses

Source: ACT XXXIII/1989 Chapter IV and Chapter V.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 15:00:53 GMT

e. Ceilings on candidate election expenses

h. Publication or public access to contribution and / or expenditure reports

Source: Act C/1997
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:56:46 GMT

c. Government department

Comments: The State Audit Office shall inform the Parliament of the utilization of such funds.
Source: Act No. XXXIV of 1989 (www.valasztas.hu/tart/jog/vjt_en.htm) ACT XXXIII/1989 Chapter V. Act C/1997 Art 91-93, Act XXXVIII/1989
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:57:54 GMT

a. Single ballot (all registered parties listed)

d. Categorical (only one mark allowed)

g. Different ballots used in different constituencies

i. Party symbols in black and white

m. Organized alphabetically

o. Ballots signed or otherwise authenticated by polling station official

Comments: Two kinds of ballot-papers are in use: one for the individual constituencies and one for the territorial constituencies.
Source: Act C. of 1997.
Last updated: 2006-03-20 22:08:36 UTC

s. Not applicable

Comments: The parlaiment is unicameral.
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 15:08:37 GMT

s. Not Applicable

Comments: The President is elected by the Parliament.
Source: Constitution 29/A, 29/B
Last updated: 2006-03-20 22:08:36 UTC

a. At the polling stations

Source: Act C. of 1997. 72.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 15:05:54 GMT

a. Separate ballots for different elections

b. Preliminary count of all ballots in ballot box

c. Tally of voters who voted

d. Number of ballots in box reconciled against number of voters

e. Number of ballots reconciled against ballots initially received (minus spoilt and unused)

f. Each ballot paper held up for public scrutiny, with name of party/candidate called out loud

j. Sorted into piles according to individual party/candidate

l. Counted by hand

m. Sorted by party list

o. Data fed into computer for calculation

q. Copies of results are provided to observers

r. Observers and party agents are permitted to take their own copies of the results

s. Copies of results are provided to party agents

Source: Act C. of 1997. 72. ¤
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 15:12:32 GMT

d. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)

Comments: d)Constituency.
Source: Act C. of 1997.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 15:06:43 GMT

c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)

d. National level

Comments: From national lists mandates are obtained on the basis of surplus votes.
Source: Act XXXIV. of 1989
Last updated: 2006-03-20 22:08:36 UTC

a. Physically transported

b. By telephone

c. By fax

e. Radio

f. By computer

g. Internet

Source: Act C. of 1997.
Last updated: 2006-03-20 22:08:36 UTC

a. Ballots

b. Unused and spoiled ballots

d. Voter rolls

f. Certificate of result

Source: Act C/1997 Art 75
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 15:18:45 GMT

c. Signatures on sealed envelopes

e. Accompanied by election officials

Source: Act C/1997 Art 75 Decree of the Ministry for Inners 9/1998
Last updated: 2006-03-20 22:08:36 UTC

c. Automatically (triggered) recounted under certain conditions

d. By request

f. Other

Comments: d)A recount may be ordered in a legal remedy process. c)Ballots are automatically recounted if the difference between the winner and the second best candidate is within 1 %.
Source: Act C. of 1997.
Last updated: 2006-03-20 22:08:36 UTC

a. Closeness of results

Comments: The closeness means 1 % difference between the first and second best candidate.
Source: Act C. of 1997
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 15:21:53 GMT

a. Political parties

b. An individual candidate

f. Other

Comments: + voters
Source: Act C. of 1997
Last updated: 2006-03-20 22:08:36 UTC

a. National Election Management body

b. Regional Election Management body

c. Local Election Management body

h. Courts

Source: Act C. of 1997
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 15:23:02 GMT

a. Yes

Source: Act C. of 1997
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 15:23:25 GMT

a. hours: 5

Comments: 3-5 hours
Last updated: Mon, 13 May 2002 14:00:49 GMT

a. Yes

Source: Act C. of 1997.
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 15:24:28 GMT

c. weeks:

Comments: 2-3 weeks. The certified results may be announced 2-3 weeks after all legal remedy processes have finished.
Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: 2006-03-20 22:08:36 UTC

d. National Government

g. NGOs/ Civic Organizations

Comments: d) Electoral offices are authorities carrying out state tasks in connection with party-independent information of voters, publish an election bill about the day of the election, inform about voting, nominating and number of proposals needed for a valid candidature. The electoral officiers are not the members of electoral commissions, they are administrative agencies of the Government. Electoral commissions are independent from these agencies.
Source: Act C/1997 on electoral procedure.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:12:37 GMT

b. Election time only

Comments: Primary during election campaign, Foundation for Electionsâ education system for the preparation of the first time voters by facultative program
Source: Source Info: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:27:30 GMT

h. Yes, conducted by NGOs/ Civic Organizations

Comments: In the year of 2002 the Open Society Institue made a poster/media campaign about the role of the elections.
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:31:05 GMT

a. Poster/ Billboard campaigns

b. Media advertisement

h. Other

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:28:53 GMT

a. Poster/ Billboard campaigns

b. Media advertisement

f. Mail-outs

h. Handouts (printed material)

Comments: The educations are organised and carried out by National Electoral Office, by the Foundation for Elections, by the Open Society Institue and both by public and private media.
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 14:33:05 GMT

b. Young people/ first time voters

c. Women

d. Ethnic minorities

Comments: Electoral Guidelines issued by National Electoral Office, First time votersâ education by Foundation for Elections The Open Society Insitute made a campaign which was specially developed for minorites - not only ethnic, but every possible kind of minorities.
Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:15:18 GMT

a. 91-100%

Last updated: Thu, 13 Sep 2001 13:28:59 GMT

b. No

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:25:55 GMT

a. At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections

e. At mobile polling stations

Comments: e) Mobile ballot-boxes for disabled and ill persons by request. By certification in other places than where the voter has his/her place of residence.
Source: Act C. of 1997.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:27:26 GMT

a. Outside the country voting is not permitted

Source: Constituion and Act C. of 1997.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:28:03 GMT

g. Not applicable

Comments: Voting outside the country is not permitted.
Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:29:01 GMT

a. No

Source: Act C. of 1997.
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 15:01:00 GMT

f. Not applicable

Comments: Voting in advance is not permitted.
Source: Act C. of 1997.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:30:44 GMT

g. Not applicable

Comments: Voting in advance is not permitted.
Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:31:30 GMT

a. Yes

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 15:02:10 GMT

a. Yes, the maximum capacity is: 1200

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 15:02:44 GMT

a. By manually marking the ballot

Source: Act C. of 1997.
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 15:03:09 GMT

a. The smallest polling station: 5

Comments: The number of staff is independent from the size of the polling station. It has to be at least 5 members. 3 members are elected based on the appointment of the chief of the local electoral officiers. Each party and independent candidate is entitled to nominate 1 additional person to the polling stations. Act C/1997 Chapter V.
Source: Act C/1997 Chapter V.
Last updated: Fri, 24 May 2002 09:16:06 GMT

a. hours: 40-60

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 15:04:34 GMT

a. hours: 60-100

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Thu, 23 May 2002 15:05:11 GMT

c. 18

Source: Constitution and Act XXXIV/1989.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:17:03 GMT

a. Citizenship

Source: Act XXXIV/1989.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:17:42 GMT

a. Criminal Incarceration

b. Previous Conviction

d. Mental disability

h. Other

Comments: a) Being forbidden from public matters (court decision). d) Being under institutional compulsory medical treatment. h) Being under guardianship excluding or restraining disposing capacity.
Source: Constitution and Act XXXIV/1989.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:21:02 GMT

a. Central Government Department (specify)

Comments: The local offices of The Central Data Processing, Registration and Election Office are responsible for registration. This Office is created by and within the authority of the Minister of Interior.
Source: Act C. of 1997, art 12.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:21:30 GMT

b. Voters register

Source: Act C. of 1997, art 12.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:22:12 GMT

a. Continuously

Source: Act C. of 1997, art 12.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:22:51 GMT

a. Links to national population records

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 24 May 2002 09:02:39 GMT

a. Yes

Source: Act C/1997, Chapter IV.
Last updated: Fri, 05 Jul 2002 14:23:42 GMT

a. Percentage: 100

Source: András Vincze, Ministry of Interior, central data processing, registration and election office, indep(a)konyv.kozig.b-m.hu
Last updated: Fri, 24 May 2002 09:03:33 GMT