Sri Lanka
- Boundary Delimitation
- Direct Democracy
- Electoral Management
- Electoral Systems
- Legislative Framework
- Media and Elections
- Parties and Candidates
- Vote Counting
- Voter Education
- Voting Operations
- Voter Registration
Boundary Delimitation
BD01 Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
a. Yes
Comments: The Delimitation Commission shall divide Sri Lanka into not less than 20 and not more than 25 electoral districts and shall assign names thereto.
Source: Constitution 1978, article 95(1).
Last updated: 2004-08-23 09:27:13 UTC
BD02 The authority responsible for final approval of the constituency boundaries is:
b. The Boundaries Commission
Comments: b.) The Delimitation Commission.
Source: Constitution 1978, article 96(1)(5).
Last updated: 2004-08-23 09:28:54 UTC
BD03 On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
d. Conformity with local jurisdiction boundaries
Comments: d.) Boundaries are drawn with regard to the existing administrative districts.
Source: Constitution 1978, article 96(3).
Last updated: 2004-08-23 09:30:44 UTC
BD04 If population is a criterion, which population figure is used?
g. Not applicable
Last updated: 2004-08-23 09:31:15 UTC
Direct Democracy
DD01 Please provide information about the person completing the questionnaire.
a. Name and Title: Hanna Berheim
b. Job Title: Research Assistant
c. Organisation: International IDEA
Last updated: 2006-12-31 17:07:46 UTC
DD02 Which forms of direct democracy, if any, are currently possible at the national level?
Please check the glossary for the definition of the following terms:
a. Mandatory referendum
b. Optional referendum
Comments: C:4 "The Sovereignty of the People shall be exercised and enjoyed in the following manner :- (a) the legislative power of the People shall be exercised by Parliament, consisting of elected representatives of the People and by the People at a Referendum; [...] (e) the franchise shall be exercisable at the election of the President of the Republic and of the Members of Parliament, and at every Referendum by every citizen who has attained the age of eighteen years, and who being qualified to be an elector as hereinafter provided, has his name entered in the register of electors." C:79 "The Speaker shall endorse on every Bill passed by Parliament a certificate in the following form :- “This Bill (here state the short title of the Bill) has been duly passed by Parliament.” Such certificate may also state the majority by which such Bill was passed : [...] Provided further that where by virtue of Article 83, the Bill or any provision thereof requires the approval of the People at a Referendum, such certificate shall further state that the Bill or such provision shall not become law until approved by the People at a Referendum." C:80 "(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) of this Article, a Bill passed by Parliament shall become law when the certificate of the Speaker is endorsed thereon. (2) Where the Cabinet of Ministers has certified that any Bill or any provision thereof is intended to be submitted for approval by the People at a Referendum or where the Supreme Court has determined that a Bill or any provision thereof requires the approval of the People at a Referendum or where any Bill is submitted to the People by Referendum under paragraph (2) of Article 85, such Bill or such provision shall become law upon being approved by the People at a Referendum in accordance with paragraph (3) of Article 85 only when the President certifies that the Bill or provision thereof has been so approved. The President shall endorse on every Bill so approved a certificate in the following form : - “This Bill/provision has been 21[duly approved by the People at a Referendum.” No such certificate shall be endorsed by the President on a Bill – (a) in any case where no petition is filed challenging the validity of the referendum at which such bill was approved by the People, until after the expiration of the period within which a petition may be filed, under the law applicable in that behalf, challenging the validity of such referendum: (b) in any case where a petition is filed challenging the validity of the Referendum at which such Bill was approved by the People, until after the Supreme Court determines that such Referendum was valid.]" C:83 "Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the provisions of Article 82— (a) a Bill for the amendment or for the repeal and replacement of or which is inconsistent with any of the provisions of Articles 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, or of this Article, and (b) a Bill for the amendment or for the repeal and replacement of or which is inconsistent with the provisions of paragraph (2) of Article 30 or of paragraph (2) of Article 62 which would extend the term of office of the President or the duration of Parliament, as the case may be, to over six years, shall become law if the number of votes cast in favour thereof amounts to not less than two-thirds of the whole number of Members (including those not present), is approved by the People at a Referendum and a certificate is endorsed thereon by the President in accordance with Article 80." C:85 "(1) The President shall submit to the People by Referendum every Bill or any provision in any Bill which the Cabinet of Ministers has certified as being intended to be submitted to the People by Referendum, or which the Supreme Court has determined as requiring the approval of the People at a Referendum if the number of votes cast in favour of such Bill amounts to not less than two-thirds of the whole number of Members (including those not present). (2) The President may in his discretion submit to the People by Referendum any Bill (not being a Bill for the repeal or amendment of any provision of the Constitution, or for the addition of any provision to the Constitution, or for the repeal and replacement of the Constitution, or which is inconsistent with any provision of the Constitution), which has been rejected by Parliament. (3) Any Bill or any provision in any Bill submitted to the People by Referendum shall be deemed to be approved by the People if approved by an absolute majority of the valid votes cast at such Referendum: Provided that when the total number of valid votes cast does not exceed two-thirds of the whole number of electors entered in the register of electors, such Bill shall be deemed to be approved only if approved by not less than one-third of the whole number of such electors." C:86 "The President may, subject to the provisions of Article 85, submit to the People by Referendum any matter which in the opinion of the President is of national importance." C:87 "(1) Every Referendum shall be conducted by the Commissioner of Elections who shall communicate the result thereof to the President. (2) Parliament shall by law provide for all matters relating to the procedure for the submission of Bills and of matters of national importance to the People by Referenda, the register of electors to be used at a Referendum, the creation of offences relating thereto and the punishment therefor, and, all other matters necessary or incidental thereto." C:120 "The Supreme Court shall have sole and exclusive jurisdiction to determine any question as to whether any Bill or any provision thereof is inconsistent with the Constitution: Provided that- (a) in the case of a Bill described in its long title as being for the amendment of any provision of the Constitution, or for the repeal and replacement of the Constitution, the only question which the Supreme Court may determine is whether such Bill requires approval by the People at a Referendum by virtue of the provisions of Article 83; (b) where the Cabinet of Ministers certifies that a Bill which is described in its long title as being for the amendment of any provisions of the Constitution, or for the repeal and replacement of the Constitution, intended to be passed with the special majority required by Article 83 and submitted to the People by Referendum, the Supreme Court shall have and exercise no jurisdiction in respect of such Bill ; (c) where the Cabinet of Ministers certifies that any provision of any Bill which is not described in its long title as being for the amendment of any provision of the Constitution, or for the repeal and replacement of the Constitution is intended to be passed with the special majority required by Article 84, the only question which the Supreme Court may determine is whether such Bill requires approval by the People at a Referendum by virtue of the provisions of Article 83 or whether such Bill is required to comply with paragraphs (1) and (2) Of Article 82; or (d) where the Cabinet of Ministers certifies that any provision of any Bill which is not described in its long title as being for the amendment of any provision of the Constitution or for the repeal and replacement of the Constitution is intended to be passed with the special majority required by Article 84, the only question which the Supreme Court may determine is whether any other provision of such Bill requires to be passed with the special majority required by Article 84 or whether any provision of such Bill requires the approval by the People at a Referendum by virtue of the provisions of Article 83 or whether such Bill is required to comply with the provisions of paragraphs (1) and (2) of Article 82." C:123 "(2) Where the Supreme Court determined that the Bill or any provision thereof is inconsistent with the Constitution, it shall also state- [...] (c) whether such Bill or any provision thereof requires to be passed by the special majority required under the provisions of paragraph (2) of Article 84 and approved by the People at a Referendum by virtue of the provisions of Article 83," C:130 "The Supreme Court shall have the power to hear and determine and make such orders as provided for by law on – (a) any legal proceeding relating to 39[election of the President or the validity of a referendum]. (b) any appeal from an order or judgment of the Court of Appeal in an election petition case : Provided that the hearing and determination of a proceeding relating to the 40[ election of the President or the validity of a referendum shall be] by at least five Judges of the Supreme Court of whom, unless he otherwise directs, the Chief Justice shall be one."
Source: The 2000 Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 4, 79, 80, 83, 85, 86, 87, 120, 123 and 130
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:53:00 UTC
DD03 What is the legal basis for mandatory referendums at the national level?
a. Constitutional
Comments: C:79 "The Speaker shall endorse on every Bill passed by Parliament a certificate in the following form :- “This Bill (here state the short title of the Bill) has been duly passed by Parliament.” Such certificate may also state the majority by which such Bill was passed : [...] Provided further that where by virtue of Article 83, the Bill or any provision thereof requires the approval of the People at a Referendum, such certificate shall further state that the Bill or such provision shall not become law until approved by the People at a Referendum." C:80 "(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) of this Article, a Bill passed by Parliament shall become law when the certificate of the Speaker is endorsed thereon. (2) Where the Cabinet of Ministers has certified that any Bill or any provision thereof is intended to be submitted for approval by the People at a Referendum or where the Supreme Court has determined that a Bill or any provision thereof requires the approval of the People at a Referendum or where any Bill is submitted to the People by Referendum under paragraph (2) of Article 85, such Bill or such provision shall become law upon being approved by the People at a Referendum in accordance with paragraph (3) of Article 85 only when the President certifies that the Bill or provision thereof has been so approved. The President shall endorse on every Bill so approved a certificate in the following form : - “This Bill/provision has been 21[duly approved by the People at a Referendum.” No such certificate shall be endorsed by the President on a Bill – (a) in any case where no petition is filed challenging the validity of the referendum at which such bill was approved by the People, until after the expiration of the period within which a petition may be filed, under the law applicable in that behalf, challenging the validity of such referendum: (b) in any case where a petition is filed challenging the validity of the Referendum at which such Bill was approved by the People, until after the Supreme Court determines that such Referendum was valid.]" C:85 "(1) The President shall submit to the People by Referendum every Bill or any provision in any Bill which the Cabinet of Ministers has certified as being intended to be submitted to the People by Referendum, or which the Supreme Court has determined as requiring the approval of the People at a Referendum if the number of votes cast in favour of such Bill amounts to not less than two-thirds of the whole number of Members (including those not present). (2) The President may in his discretion submit to the People by Referendum any Bill (not being a Bill for the repeal or amendment of any provision of the Constitution, or for the addition of any provision to the Constitution, or for the repeal and replacement of the Constitution, or which is inconsistent with any provision of the Constitution), which has been rejected by Parliament. (3) Any Bill or any provision in any Bill submitted to the People by Referendum shall be deemed to be approved by the People if approved by an absolute majority of the valid votes cast at such Referendum: Provided that when the total number of valid votes cast does not exceed two-thirds of the whole number of electors entered in the register of electors, such Bill shall be deemed to be approved only if approved by not less than one-third of the whole number of such electors."
Source: The 2000 Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 79, 80 and 85
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:53:00 UTC
DD04 What is the legal basis for optional referendums at the national level?
a. Constitutional
Comments: C:86 "The President may, subject to the provisions of Article 85, submit to the People by Referendum any matter which in the opinion of the President is of national importance."
Source: The 2000 Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 86
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:26:28 UTC
DD124 If free media access is provided, what are the criteria for allocating broadcast time / printing space?
Last updated: 2006-12-31 17:07:46 UTC
DD126 What restrictions or controls, if any, are there on media coverage of the campaign and/or issue during the relevant period?
Last updated: 2006-12-31 17:07:46 UTC
DD13 When were direct democracy mechanisms first introduced into the legal framework at the national level?
Date (yyyy)
Last updated: 2006-12-31 17:07:46 UTC
DD14 When was an administrative framework for direct democracy mechanisms first introduced at the national level? Date (yyyy)
Last updated: 2006-12-31 17:07:46 UTC
DD15 Who is responsible for managing the administration of direct democracy mechanisms at the national level?
b. Independent electoral commission
Comments: b) The Commissioner of Elections. C:87 "(1) Every Referendum shall be conducted by the Commissioner of Elections who shall communicate the result thereof to the President. (2) Parliament shall by law provide for all matters relating to the procedure for the submission of Bills and of matters of national importance to the People by Referenda, the register of electors to be used at a Referendum, the creation of offences relating thereto and the punishment therefor, and, all other matters necessary or incidental thereto."
Source: The 2000 Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 87
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:53:00 UTC
DD16 Does this agency/department also manage the administration of national elections?
a. Yes
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:28:47 UTC
DD27 What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are mandatory at the national level?
a. Constitutional amendments
j. Other (specify)
Comments: j) When the Supreme Court or the Cabinet of Ministers has determined that a Bill or any provision thereof requires the approval of a referendum. C:79 "The Speaker shall endorse on every Bill passed by Parliament a certificate in the following form :- “This Bill (here state the short title of the Bill) has been duly passed by Parliament.” Such certificate may also state the majority by which such Bill was passed : [...] Provided further that where by virtue of Article 83, the Bill or any provision thereof requires the approval of the People at a Referendum, such certificate shall further state that the Bill or such provision shall not become law until approved by the People at a Referendum." C:80 "(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) of this Article, a Bill passed by Parliament shall become law when the certificate of the Speaker is endorsed thereon. (2) Where the Cabinet of Ministers has certified that any Bill or any provision thereof is intended to be submitted for approval by the People at a Referendum or where the Supreme Court has determined that a Bill or any provision thereof requires the approval of the People at a Referendum or where any Bill is submitted to the People by Referendum under paragraph (2) of Article 85, such Bill or such provision shall become law upon being approved by the People at a Referendum in accordance with paragraph (3) of Article 85 only when the President certifies that the Bill or provision thereof has been so approved. The President shall endorse on every Bill so approved a certificate in the following form : - “This Bill/provision has been 21[duly approved by the People at a Referendum.” No such certificate shall be endorsed by the President on a Bill – (a) in any case where no petition is filed challenging the validity of the referendum at which such bill was approved by the People, until after the expiration of the period within which a petition may be filed, under the law applicable in that behalf, challenging the validity of such referendum: (b) in any case where a petition is filed challenging the validity of the Referendum at which such Bill was approved by the People, until after the Supreme Court determines that such Referendum was valid.]" C:85 "(1) The President shall submit to the People by Referendum every Bill or any provision in any Bill which the Cabinet of Ministers has certified as being intended to be submitted to the People by Referendum, or which the Supreme Court has determined as requiring the approval of the People at a Referendum if the number of votes cast in favour of such Bill amounts to not less than two-thirds of the whole number of Members (including those not present). (2) The President may in his discretion submit to the People by Referendum any Bill (not being a Bill for the repeal or amendment of any provision of the Constitution, or for the addition of any provision to the Constitution, or for the repeal and replacement of the Constitution, or which is inconsistent with any provision of the Constitution), which has been rejected by Parliament. (3) Any Bill or any provision in any Bill submitted to the People by Referendum shall be deemed to be approved by the People if approved by an absolute majority of the valid votes cast at such Referendum: Provided that when the total number of valid votes cast does not exceed two-thirds of the whole number of electors entered in the register of electors, such Bill shall be deemed to be approved only if approved by not less than one-third of the whole number of such electors."
Source: The 2000 Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 79, 80 and 85
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:53:00 UTC
DD28 What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are optional at the national level?
b. Adoption of international treaties
c. Transfer of authority to international bodies
d. National sovereignty, national self-determination
e. Conflict between constitutional organs
f. Devolution
g. Civil service
h. Taxes and public expenditure commitments
i. Other public policy issues
j. Other (specify)
Comments: j) All issues that the President regards important, except those matters in relation to which referendum is mandatory. C:86 "The President may, subject to the provisions of Article 85, submit to the People by Referendum any matter which in the opinion of the President is of national importance."
Source: The 2000 Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 86
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:53:00 UTC
DD29 Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of referendums at the national level?
k. None
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:36:55 UTC
DD31 Who can initiate a referendum at the national level?
c. President
Comments: C:86 "The President may, subject to the provisions of Article 85, submit to the People by Referendum any matter which in the opinion of the President is of national importance."
Source: The 2000 Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 86
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:46:44 UTC
DD38 What, if any, are the quorum requirements for a mandatory referendum to be valid? Please specify numbers/percentages.
b. Approval quorum 50 % +1 of voters
Comments: b) But only if the turnout exceeds two-thirds of the whole number of electors. If not, the referendum is approved only if the votes cast in favour of the bill represent one-third of the electorate. C:85 "(3) Any Bill or any provision in any Bill submitted to the People by Referendum shall be deemed to be approved by the People if approved by an absolute majority of the valid votes cast at such Referendum: Provided that when the total number of valid votes cast does not exceed two-thirds of the whole number of electors entered in the register of electors, such Bill shall be deemed to be approved only if approved by not less than one-third of the whole number of such electors."
Source: The 2000 Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 85(3)
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:53:00 UTC
DD39 What, if any, are the quorum requirements for a optional referendum to be valid? Please specify numbers/percentages.
b. Approval quorum 50 % +1 of total electorate
Comments: b) But only if the turnout exceeds two-thirds of the whole number of electors. If not, the referendum is approved only if the votes cast in favour of the bill represent one-third of the electorate. C:85 "(3) Any Bill or any provision in any Bill submitted to the People by Referendum shall be deemed to be approved by the People if approved by an absolute majority of the valid votes cast at such Referendum: Provided that when the total number of valid votes cast does not exceed two-thirds of the whole number of electors entered in the register of electors, such Bill shall be deemed to be approved only if approved by not less than one-third of the whole number of such electors."
Source: The 2000 Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 85(3)
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:53:00 UTC
DD40 What are the requirements for mandatory referendums to pass?
a. Simple majority (>50%)
Comments: C:85 "(3) Any Bill or any provision in any Bill submitted to the People by Referendum shall be deemed to be approved by the People if approved by an absolute majority of the valid votes cast at such Referendum: Provided that when the total number of valid votes cast does not exceed two-thirds of the whole number of electors entered in the register of electors, such Bill shall be deemed to be approved only if approved by not less than one-third of the whole number of such electors."
Source: The 2000 Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 85(3)
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:48:19 UTC
DD41 What are the requirements for optional referendums to pass?
a. Simple majority (>50%)
Comments: C:85 "(3) Any Bill or any provision in any Bill submitted to the People by Referendum shall be deemed to be approved by the People if approved by an absolute majority of the valid votes cast at such Referendum: Provided that when the total number of valid votes cast does not exceed two-thirds of the whole number of electors entered in the register of electors, such Bill shall be deemed to be approved only if approved by not less than one-third of the whole number of such electors."
Source: The 2000 Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 85(3)
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:48:19 UTC
DD43 When is the outcome of a mandatory referendum binding?
b. Under certain circumstances (specify below)
Comments: b) When the referendum is valid and passed. C:80 "(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) of this Article, a Bill passed by Parliament shall become law when the certificate of the Speaker is endorsed thereon. (2) Where the Cabinet of Ministers has certified that any Bill or any provision thereof is intended to be submitted for approval by the People at a Referendum or where the Supreme Court has determined that a Bill or any provision thereof requires the approval of the People at a Referendum or where any Bill is submitted to the People by Referendum under paragraph (2) of Article 85, such Bill or such provision shall become law upon being approved by the People at a Referendum in accordance with paragraph (3) of Article 85 only when the President certifies that the Bill or provision thereof has been so approved. The President shall endorse on every Bill so approved a certificate in the following form : - “This Bill/provision has been 21[duly approved by the People at a Referendum.” No such certificate shall be endorsed by the President on a Bill – (a) in any case where no petition is filed challenging the validity of the referendum at which such bill was approved by the People, until after the expiration of the period within which a petition may be filed, under the law applicable in that behalf, challenging the validity of such referendum: (b) in any case where a petition is filed challenging the validity of the Referendum at which such Bill was approved by the People, until after the Supreme Court determines that such Referendum was valid.]" C:85 "(3) Any Bill or any provision in any Bill submitted to the People by Referendum shall be deemed to be approved by the People if approved by an absolute majority of the valid votes cast at such Referendum: Provided that when the total number of valid votes cast does not exceed two-thirds of the whole number of electors entered in the register of electors, such Bill shall be deemed to be approved only if approved by not less than one-third of the whole number of such electors."
Source: The 2000 Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 80 and 85(3)
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:53:00 UTC
DD44 When is the outcome of an optional referendum binding?
b. Under certain circumstances (specify below)
Comments: b) When the referendum is valid and passed. C:80 "(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) of this Article, a Bill passed by Parliament shall become law when the certificate of the Speaker is endorsed thereon. (2) Where the Cabinet of Ministers has certified that any Bill or any provision thereof is intended to be submitted for approval by the People at a Referendum or where the Supreme Court has determined that a Bill or any provision thereof requires the approval of the People at a Referendum or where any Bill is submitted to the People by Referendum under paragraph (2) of Article 85, such Bill or such provision shall become law upon being approved by the People at a Referendum in accordance with paragraph (3) of Article 85 only when the President certifies that the Bill or provision thereof has been so approved. The President shall endorse on every Bill so approved a certificate in the following form : - “This Bill/provision has been 21[duly approved by the People at a Referendum.” No such certificate shall be endorsed by the President on a Bill – (a) in any case where no petition is filed challenging the validity of the referendum at which such bill was approved by the People, until after the expiration of the period within which a petition may be filed, under the law applicable in that behalf, challenging the validity of such referendum: (b) in any case where a petition is filed challenging the validity of the Referendum at which such Bill was approved by the People, until after the Supreme Court determines that such Referendum was valid.]" C:85 "(3) Any Bill or any provision in any Bill submitted to the People by Referendum shall be deemed to be approved by the People if approved by an absolute majority of the valid votes cast at such Referendum: Provided that when the total number of valid votes cast does not exceed two-thirds of the whole number of electors entered in the register of electors, such Bill shall be deemed to be approved only if approved by not less than one-third of the whole number of such electors."
Source: The 2000 Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 80 and 85(3)
Last updated: 2007-01-05 13:53:00 UTC
DD67 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to the time period in which an individual/position can be recalled?
Last updated: 2006-12-31 17:07:46 UTC
DD70 If a separate ballot to replace an individual who has been recalled takes place, how soon after the recall ballot is it held?
Last updated: 2006-12-31 17:07:46 UTC
DD72 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
Last updated: 2006-12-31 17:07:46 UTC
DD73 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a rejective referendum (optional)?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
Last updated: 2006-12-31 17:07:46 UTC
DD74 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a citizens' initiative?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
Last updated: 2006-12-31 17:07:46 UTC
DD75 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for an agenda initiative?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
Last updated: 2006-12-31 17:07:46 UTC
Electoral Management
EM01 Please provide the following contact information for the national electoral management body:
a. Name of Institution Election Commission
b. Full Address Department of Elections, Elections Secretariat, Sarana Mawatha, Rajagiriya, Jayawardenapura, Sri Lanka
c. Telephone + 94 11 286 8441/2/3
d. Facsimile + 94 11 286 8445
e. Email comelesl@sltnet.lk
f. Website Address www.slelections.gov.lk
g. Name and Title of Chairperson/President Mr. Dayananda Disanayake
h. Information Officer Deputy Commissioner of Election
i. Official language of the electoral law governing national elections Sinhala, Tamil
Comments: With the recently enacted 17th Amendment to the Constitution an Election Commission is to be established. Until it is constituted, the person holding the office of the commissioner of elections, exercises and performs the powers and functions of the commission.
Source: Department of Elections, www.slelections.gov.lk
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:17:20 UTC
EM02 Does this national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
a. National level
b. Regional level
c. Local level
d. Other kinds of elections (church, union, etc.) Please specify.
Comments: There are five different kinds of elections on Sri Lanka, namely presidential-, parliamentary-, provincial council-, local authorities- elections and referendums.
Source: Constitution 1978, article 103(2).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:18:44 UTC
EM03 The national electoral management body reports to:
c. The legislature
Source: Constitution 1978, article 104B(3) and 150(4).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:20:18 UTC
EM04 The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
c. The legislature
Source: Constitution 1978, article 104B(3).
Last updated: 2004-08-23 09:21:23 UTC
EM05 The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
c. The legislature
Source: Constitution 1978, article 104B(3).
Last updated: 2004-10-08 12:04:04 UTC
EM06 The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
b. For a term of _________ years
Comments: b.) For a term of 5 years.
Source: Constitution 1978, article 103(6).
Last updated: 2004-08-23 09:22:35 UTC
EM07 The national electoral management body chairperson, or equivalent, is chosen in the following way:
d. Presidential/ Prime Minister appointment
Comments: Once the 17th Amendment to the Constitution is fully implemented the Election Commission will take over the responsibility. The Election Commission will consist of five members appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Constitutional Council, from amongst persons who have distinguished themselves in any profession or in fields of administration or education. The President shall on the recommendation of the Constitutional Council appoint one member as chairman.
Source: Constitution 1978, article 103(1).
Last updated: 2008-01-21 14:02:15 UTC
EM08 According to official sources, what was the estimated overall cost (in US dollars if available) of the most recent national elections?
a. estimated total: 596445000
Comments: 596 445 000 USD
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447. (Oct 2004)
Last updated: 2008-01-21 14:02:15 UTC
EM09 What was the total number of registered voters or, where there was no voter roll, the estimated number of eligible voters?
a. Total number: 12428762
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone + 94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2008-01-21 14:02:15 UTC
Electoral Systems
ES01 How is the Head of State selected?
a. Head of State is the Head of Government
Source: Constitution 1978, article 30(1), 43(29).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 09:21:51 UTC
ES02 How is the Head of Government selected?
b. Directly elected in general elections, absolute majority (with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: Since much of the 1978 constitution had its philosophic origins in the French Republic model of a strong executive presidency combined with an elected legislature, the initial plans provided for a Two-Round System of presidential elections. However,the extra cost and security constraints on Sri Lanka, prompted an innovative solution of combining the initial and run-off rounds of voting into one election via the expression of preferences.
Source: Constitution 1978, article 94(1-4).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 13:57:52 UTC
ES03 Does the country have a president?
a. Yes
Source: Constitution 1978, article 30(1).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 09:22:43 UTC
ES04 The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
a. One chamber
Source: Constitution 1978, article 62(1).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 09:22:54 UTC
ES05 What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
g. List Proportional Representation
Comments: It is a proportional representation system with multi-member constituencies as well as an additional national constituency. Among 225 parliamentary seats, 196 are elected in proportion to the national total votes received by each party or independent group.
Source: Constitution 1978, article 99.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 14:05:12 UTC
ES06 What is the electoral system for Chamber 2 of the national legislature?
k. The national legislature consists of one chamber only
Source: Constitution 1978, article 62(1).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 13:17:51 UTC
ES07 If List PR is used, is a highest average formula used?
e. Hare
Comments: The seat allocation in multi-member constitutencies and in the 29 national seats are done according to Hare quota and largest remainder.
Source: Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz and Christof Hartmann (eds.) Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook Vol. I Middle East, Central Asia, and South Asia Oxford University Press, New York, 2001, p. 703.
Last updated: 2004-10-08 11:38:36 UTC
ES08 What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 1?
a. National level
b. Specially delimited constituencies
Source: Constitution 1978, article 96.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 13:17:37 UTC
ES09 What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 2?
d. Not applicable
Source: Constitution 1978, article 62(1).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 11:55:31 UTC
ES10 Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 1 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
b. No
Source: Constitution 1978.
Last updated: 2004-10-08 11:50:44 UTC
ES11 If special constituencies or seats are reserved in Chamber 1, specify which interest groups, and the proportion of total seats reserved for:
e. Not applicable X
Source: Constitution 1978.
Last updated: 2004-10-08 11:50:20 UTC
ES12 Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 2 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
c. The national legislature consists of one chamber only
Source: Constitution 1978, article 62(1).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:00:28 UTC
ES13 If special constituencies or seats are reserved in Chamber 2, specify which interest groups, and the proportion of total seats reserved:
e. Not applicable X
Source: Constitution 1978, article 62(1).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:00:47 UTC
ES14 What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 1?
b. Specify the percentage:
Comments: b.) 5 %
Source: Constitution 1978, article 99(6)(a).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:06:12 UTC
ES15 What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 2?
c. Not applicable
Source: Constitution 1978, article 62(1).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:06:25 UTC
ES16 What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 1?
a. No minimum
Comments: There is no provision in the constitution specifying minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate to win a seat in chamber 1.
Source: Constitution 1978.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:06:52 UTC
ES17 What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 2?
c. Not applicable
Source: Constitution 1978, article 62(1).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:07:12 UTC
ES18 Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 1, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
a. At fixed intervals (specify length)
Comments: a.) Every 6 years.
Source: Constitution 1978, article 62(2).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:07:38 UTC
ES19 Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 2, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
e. Not applicable
Source: Constitution 1978, article 62(1).
Last updated: 2004-08-20 14:19:01 UTC
Legislative Framework
LF01 What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
a. Part of Constitution
b. Separate legislation
Source: Constitution 1978. Parliamentary Electoral Act 1981.
Last updated: 2006-11-21 21:04:33 UTC
LF02 What is the date of the latest version of the national electoral law (including latest amendments)?
a. January 2000 or later
Comments: 17 th Amendment to the Constitution of Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka 1978.
Source: Constitution 1978.
Last updated: 2004-08-20 14:25:44 UTC
LF03 The national electoral law covers:
a. National elections
b. Regional elections
c. Local elections
Comments: There are five different kinds of elections on Sri Lanka; presidential-, parliamentary-, provincial council-, local authorities- elections and referendums.
Source: Department of Elections, www.slelections.gov.lk
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:10:02 UTC
LF04 Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
a. Voting is voluntary
Comments: a) There is no provision in the Constitution or in the Electoral Law specifying that voting at national level is compulsory.
Source: Constitution 1978.
Last updated: 2006-11-21 21:04:33 UTC
LF05 Are there provisions in the law which permit or require regional and/ or local election (s) to be held on the same day as national elections?
a. National elections are not held on the same day as regional or local elections
Comments: a.) It is a practice, but it is not legally prohibited.
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2006-11-21 21:04:33 UTC
LF06 Are there provisions in the law which permit or require presidential election (s) to be held on the same day as national legislative elections?
a. Presidential elections are not held on the same day as national legislative elections
Comments: a.) It is a practice, but it is not legally prohibited.
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2006-11-21 21:04:33 UTC
LF07 What are the agency(ies) responsible for first level of formal electoral disputes?
b. EMB
Comments: b.) All complaints on the process of voting and counting must be submitted to the returning officer who then forwards them to the election commissioner.
Source: Final Report of the EU Election Observation Mission to Sri Lankas December 5th Parliamentary Elections.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 08:29:19 UTC
LF08 If the agency(ies) which settles formal disputes is/are specially appointed/elected; by whom?
h. Not applicable
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2006-11-21 21:04:33 UTC
LF09 Who has the right to submit cases to the person or agency(ies)which settles formal disputes?
a. Candidates
e. Other
Comments: e.) Senior presiding officer, area presiding officer, senior on-duty police officer, polling agents.
Source: Final Report of the EU Election Observation Mission to Sri Lankas December 5th Parliamentary Elections.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:14:58 UTC
LF10 What body(ies) is the final appellate authority for formal electoral disputes?
a. Electoral Management Body
Comments: The election commissioner makes the final ruling on the complaints and is obliged by law to report his/her findings after the elections to a meeting of representatives of political parties. The commissioner may decide either to reject or accept the complaint.
Source: Constitution 1978, article 104A (a)(b). Final Report of the EU Election Observation Mission to Sri Lankas December 5th Parliamentary Elections.
Last updated: 2006-11-21 21:04:33 UTC
Media and Elections
ME01 Please provide information about the person completing the questionnaire.
Last updated: 2007-02-08 12:13:51 UTC
ME11 What laws, if any, guarantee freedom of access to public information for representatives of the media?
Last updated: 2007-02-08 12:13:51 UTC
ME13 What are the laws, if any, which govern the operations of the public broadcaster?
Specify the date of the latest version (including latest amendments)
Last updated: 2007-02-08 12:13:51 UTC
ME18 What are the laws, if any, that provide for the safeguards for editorial autonomy in relation to the public broadcaster(s)?
Last updated: 2007-02-08 12:13:51 UTC
ME19 What are the laws, if any, which govern the granting of broadcasting licenses/frequencies to private broadcasters?
Last updated: 2007-02-08 12:13:51 UTC
ME22 What are the legal conditions, if any, under which the activities of a media outlet may be suspended?
Last updated: 2007-02-08 12:13:51 UTC
ME38 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
b. The law does not specify any limits on paid advertising X
Comments: The law does not specify any limits on paid advertising
Source: Commonwealth election observer group: http://www.thecommonwealth.org/shared_asp_files/uploadedfiles/AC871F4B-5A17-4A57-AA39-31045BD21C61_SRILANKAPRESIDENTIALELECTION17NOVEMBER2005-REPORTOFTHECOMMONWEALTHEXPERTTEAM.pdf
Last updated: 2007-02-08 12:13:51 UTC
ME55 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a presidential candidate is permitted to spend on paid advertising?
Last updated: 2007-02-08 12:13:51 UTC
ME56 What are the laws, if any, which govern the disclosure of campaign advertising expenditures by political parties and candidates?
Last updated: 2007-02-08 12:13:51 UTC
ME57 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a media outlet can charge parties/candidates for advertising during the campaign?
Last updated: 2007-02-08 12:13:51 UTC
ME58 How does this maximum amount (identified in question C.15.1) affect the political participation of smaller or newly formed parties?
Last updated: 2007-02-08 12:13:51 UTC
ME60 What legal requirements, if any, regulate the participation of candidates or party representatives in media debates?
Last updated: 2007-02-08 12:13:51 UTC
ME62 What is the blackout period, if any, during which results of pre-election opinion polls may not be released to the public?
g. Not applicable
Comments: The Commonwealth election observation team noted the extensive publication of opinion surveys during the campaign, and indeed on polling day itself.
Source: Commonwealth election observer group: http://www.thecommonwealth.org/shared_asp_files/uploadedfiles/AC871F4B-5A17-4A57-AA39-31045BD21C61_SRILANKAPRESIDENTIALELECTION17NOVEMBER2005-REPORTOFTHECOMMONWEALTHEXPERTTEAM.pdf
Last updated: 2007-02-08 12:13:51 UTC
Parties and Candidates
PC01 What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
b. Deposit requirement (specify amount)
Comments: A group leader or any person authorized by such group leader, shall, between the date of publication of the Proclamation or Order requiring the holding of an election and the submission of the nomination paper of that group, deposit in legal tender with the returning officer a sum calculated at two thousand rupees in respect of each candidate nominated by such group.
Source: Parliamentary Election Act 1981, Section 16.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 14:26:26 UTC
PC02 What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 2)?
g. Not applicable
Source: Constitution 1978.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 13:19:01 UTC
PC03 What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
a. Age
b. Citizenship
d. Residence
Comments: a.) 18 years.
Source: Constitution 1978.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 13:21:24 UTC
PC04 What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 2)?
k. Not applicable
Source: Constitution 1978.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 13:21:51 UTC
PC05 What are the legal qualifications for becoming a candidate at presidential elections?
a. Age
b. Citizenship
d. Residence
Comments: a.) 30 years.
Source: Constitution 1978, article 92.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 14:42:49 UTC
PC06 What can disqualify a candidate at legislative elections?
b. Detention
f. Holding of military office
g. Holding of government office
h. Bankruptcy or Insolvency
k. Mental health problems
n. Holding of other public offices (police etc.)
o. Other
Comments: o.) must not stand nominated as a candidate for election for more than one electoral district, and not by more than one political party or independent group.
Source: Constitution 1978, article 91.
Last updated: 2004-10-11 12:15:28 UTC
PC07 What can disqualify a candidate at presidential elections?
f. Holding of military office
g. Holding of government office
h. Bankruptcy or insolvency
n. Holding of other public offices (police etc.)
Source: Constitution 1978, article 92.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 13:34:05 UTC
PC08 Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
c. In legislative elections (Chamber 1)
Source: Constitution 1978, article 99(2-3).
Last updated: 2004-08-23 13:36:05 UTC
PC09 If independent candidates can compete in legislative elections (Chamber 1), what are the registration requirements?
b. Deposit requirement (specify)
Comments: b.) A group leader or any person authorized by such group leader, shall, between the date of publication of the Proclamation or Order requiring the holding of an election and the submission of the nomination paper of that group, deposit in legal tender with the returning officer a sum calculated at two thousand rupees in respect of each candidate nominated by such group.
Source: Parliamentary Election Act (No.1 1981), Section 16.
Last updated: 2004-10-11 12:28:48 UTC
PC10 If independent candidates can compete in legislative elections (Chamber 2), what are the registration requirements?
e. Not applicable
Comments: The national legislature consists of one chamber only.
Source: Constitution 1978.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:54:28 UTC
PC11 If independent candidates can compete in presidential elections, what are the registration requirements?
b. Deposit requirement (specify)
Comments: A candidate or some person on his/her behalf shall deposit, or cause to be deposited with the Commissioner or with any person authorized by the commissioner in that behalf: - where such candidate is a candidate nominated by any other political party, a sum of 50 000 rupees in legal tender, - where such candidate is a candidate nominated by any other political party or by an elector, a sum of 75 000 rupees in legal tender.
Source: Presidential Elections Act (No.15 1981), section 8(1).
Last updated: 2004-10-11 12:38:27 UTC
PC12 Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
b. Direct
Comments: b.) Financial assistance in form of a grant from the state.
Source: Parliamentary Election Act (No.1 1981), section 127(1).
Last updated: 2004-10-11 12:43:00 UTC
PC13 If political parties receive direct/indirect public funding, when do they receive this?
a. As related to the election period only
Source: Parliamentary Election Act (No.1 1981), section 127(1).
Last updated: 2004-10-11 12:46:52 UTC
PC14 If political parties receive indirect public funding, identify the type of funding:
a. Free media access
Comments: Every recognized party or independent group which has submitted a nomination paper in respect of any electoral district shall, subject to such conditions as may be determined by the Chairman of the Sri Lankan Broadcasting Corporation and the Chairman of the Sri Lanka Rupavahini Corporation be entitled, upon application made in that behalf within one week from the last date of the nomination period, to the use of broadcasting facilities during the election period.
Source: Parliamentary Election Act (No.1 1981), section 126.
Last updated: 2004-10-11 13:15:28 UTC
PC15 What is the basis of the public funding?
b. Based on result of previous election
Comments: The grant shall be paid to any recognized political party in respect of an electoral district, if the party; - has polled not less than one percent of the total number of valid votes at the previous General Elections; and - has submitted a nomination paper in respect of that district at the General Eleciton in respect of which such grant is payable.
Source: Parliamentary Election Act (No.1 1981), section 127(3).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 14:29:23 UTC
PC16 If political parties receive public funding, what is the specified purpose?
c. Unspecified
Comments: No regulation in this regard.
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 13:00:36 UTC
PC17 Are political parties entitled to private funding?
a. Yes
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-11 13:57:06 UTC
PC18 If political parties are entitled to private funding, for what period?
c. As related to the election period and between elections
Comments: There are no guidelines to regulate private funding.
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-11 13:57:17 UTC
PC19 Which of the following party financing provisions are applicable?
j. Not applicable
Comments: There is no regulation in this regard.
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-11 13:57:24 UTC
Vote Counting
VC01 What are the characteristics of ballots used at national legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
a. Single ballot (all registered parties listed)
f. Same ballot papers used nationwide
i. Party symbols in black and white
m. Organized alphabetically
q. Multilingual
Source: Parliamentary Election Act (No.1 1981), section 32.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 07:50:11 UTC
VC02 What are the characteristics of ballots used at national legislative elections (Chamber 2)?
s. Not applicable
Comments: The national legislature consists of one chamber only.
Source: Constitution 1978.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 08:08:02 UTC
VC03 What are the characteristics of ballots used at presidential elections?
f. Same ballot papers used nation-wide
i. Party symbols in black or white
m. Organized alphabetically
q. Multilingual
Source: Presidential Elections Act (No.15 1981).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 08:09:14 UTC
VC04 Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
c. At special counting centres
Source: Department of Elections, www.slelections.gov.lk
Last updated: 2004-08-23 14:43:23 UTC
VC05 What procedures are used in the initial count?
b. Preliminary count of all ballots in ballot box
e. Number of ballots reconciled against ballots initially received (minus spoilt and unused)
j. Sorted into piles according to individual party/candidate
l. Counted by hand
t. Other
Comments: The process of counting votes could be classified into three stages. Stage 1 consists of counting the number of ballot papers in each box. Stage 2 consists of sorting and counting the ballot papers according to the valid votes received and the preparation of the statement of votes received by each party and group in the Electoral District. Stage 3 consists of recording the preferences received by each candidate in the tally sheet and transferring them through a series of summary sheets into a district list for a party or a group, which gives the total number of preferences received by each party in the electoral district.
Source: Department of Elections, www.slelections.gov.lk
Last updated: 2004-10-12 08:22:25 UTC
VC06 Following the sorting and counting, to where are the results first transmitted for consolidation?
d. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
Comments: d.) Electoral District On receipt of the statement of preferences from each of the counting centers of the electoral district, the Returning Officer prepares the Final Statement of preferences of each candidate in the electoral district.
Source: Department of Elections, www.slelections.gov.lk
Last updated: 2004-10-12 14:30:10 UTC
VC07 At what levels are seats allocated?
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
Comments: c.) Electoral district.
Source: Constitution, article 96(1) and 98.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 08:26:46 UTC
VC08 How are the initial/preliminary polling results transmitted and communicated to the different levels?
c. By fax
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 08:34:18 UTC
VC09 If the polling results are physically transported, what is transported?
i. Not applicable
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 08:34:30 UTC
VC10 If the polling results are physically transported, what security measures are used?
k. Not applicable
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 08:34:49 UTC
VC11 Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
d. By request
Comments: A recount shall be made upon the application of a counting agent. The number of recounts should not exceed two.
Source: Parliamentary Elections Act (No.1 1981), section 53(8).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 08:43:16 UTC
VC12 If automatically recounted, what is the trigger?
e. Not applicable
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 08:43:42 UTC
VC13 If ballots are recounted by request, who can make the request?
c. Election officials
Comments: c.) Any counting agent.
Source: Parliamentary Elections Act (No.1 1981), section 53(8).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 09:01:25 UTC
VC14 If recounted, who conducts the recount?
a. National Election Management body
i. Other
Comments: a.) Same Counting Officers' as those who did the first count.
Source: Parliamentary Elections Act (no.1 1981), section 53(8).
Last updated: 2004-10-12 14:30:55 UTC
VC15 Are preliminary results announced?
b. No
Comments: There are no legal provisions, however postal votes are generally announced before the final result of each district.
Source: Parliamentary Elections Act (No.1 1981), section 60.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 09:19:34 UTC
VC16 If preliminary results are announced, how long after the close of polls is this done?
d. Not applicable X
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 09:20:41 UTC
VC17 Is there a legal requirement for the declaration of the officially certified results?
b. No
Comments: Announcement of the results is done by the Commissioner of Elections through radio and television.
Source: Department of Elections, www.slelections.gov.lk
Last updated: 2004-10-12 14:32:12 UTC
VC18 How long after the close of polls is the certified results publicly announced? (if there is no legal requirement enter the average time)
b. days:
Comments: One and a half day.
Source: Final Report of the EU Election Observation Mission to Sri Lankas December 5th 2001 Parliamentary Elections.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 15:33:22 UTC
Voter Education
VE01 Who conducts voter education and information campaigns at the national elections (informing where, when and how to register and vote)?
a. National Electoral Management Body
d. National Government
f. Local Governments
g. NGOs/ Civic Organizations
h. Political parties/ candidates
i. Media
Source: Final Report of the EUs Election Observation Mission to Sri Lankas December 5th 2001 Parliamentary Elections.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 12:58:05 UTC
VE02 At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
b. Election time only
Source: Final Report of the EUs Election Observation Mission to Sri Lankas December 5th 2001 Parliamentary Elections.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 12:58:51 UTC
VE03 Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
h. Yes, conducted by NGOs/ Civic Organizations
i. Yes, conducted by Political Parties/ Candidates
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-08 14:47:55 UTC
VE04 What types of voter education activities were carried out at the most recent national elections?
a. Poster/ Billboard campaigns
b. Media advertisement
e. Public meetings
Comments: e.) and rallies.
Source: Final Report of the EUs Election Observation Mission to Sri Lankas December 5th 2001 Parliamentary Elections.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 13:15:36 UTC
VE05 What types of civic education activities were carried out at the most recent national elections?
a. Poster/ Billboard campaigns
b. Media advertisement
e. Public meetings
h. Handouts (printed material)
Comments: e.) and rallies.
Source: Final Report of the EUs Election Observation Mission to Sri Lankas December 5th 2001 Parliamentary Elections.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 13:16:41 UTC
VE06 Special voter education programs were developed at the most recent national elections for:
h. Not applicable
Comments: Generally awareness programs are conducted by NGOs irrespective of the nature of a voter. There has not been any special voter education program conducted recently.
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-08 14:45:29 UTC
Voting Operations
VO02 Is there a code of conduct for election officials?
b. No
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-11 13:56:34 UTC
VO03 Where can electors vote?
a. At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections
d. At specially designated polling stations
Comments: a.) In order to administer the conduct of elections each of the 22 electoral districts on Sri Lanka are subdivided into a number of polling divisions. Each polling division has a number of polling stations for the conduct of poll. There were 9981 polling station during December 2001 parliamentary elections. d.) There are also specially designated polling stations for voters from uncleared areas (war areas). They are know as cluster polling stations. There is also a provision for voters displaced due to conflict.
Source: Final Report of the EU Election Observation Mission to Sri Lankas December 5th Parliamentary Elections.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 07:43:39 UTC
VO04 Who can vote from outside the country?
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
Comments: There are no statutory provisions to cover the above categories.
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 14:24:42 UTC
VO05 If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
g. Not applicable
Comments: There are no legislative provisions in this regard.
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-11 14:27:48 UTC
VO06 Can people vote in advance of the designated national election day(s)?
b. Yes
Source: Final Report of the EU Election Observation Mission to Sri Lankas December 5th Parliamentary Elections.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 14:32:24 UTC
VO07 If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), how may they do so?
b. By mail
Source: Final Report of the EU Election Observation Mission to Sri Lankas December 5th Parliamentary Elections.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 14:33:33 UTC
VO08 If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), specify who:
f. Other
Comments: f.) Members of the army, navy, air force. Public servants unable to vote in person at the polling station alloted to him/her, for a purpose connected with work. Candidates on the ground that he/she is unable to vote at the polling station alloted to him/her by reason of his/her candidature in some other electoral districts.
Source: Parliamentary Election Act (No.1 1981), section 26.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 14:25:17 UTC
VO09 Is there a maximum allowable voter capacity of a polling station for the national elections?
a. Yes
Source: Final Report of the EU Election Observation Mission to Sri Lankas December 5th Parliamentary Elections.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 14:35:01 UTC
VO10 Is there a maximum allowable voter capacity of a polling station for the national elections?
a. Yes, the maximum capacity is: 3000
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-11 14:54:55 UTC
VO11 How do electors cast their votes?
a. By manually marking the ballot
Source: Final Report of the EU Election Observation Mission to Sri Lankas December 5th Parliamentary Elections.
Last updated: 2004-08-23 14:37:31 UTC
VO12 How many staff are assigned to each polling station?
a. The smallest polling station: 6
b. The largest polling station: 11
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-11 14:55:32 UTC
VO13 Approximately how many hours of training were provided to the presiding polling officer for the most recent national elections?
a. hours: 4
Comments: Prior to the election, officers appointed receive an overall training. If elections are held within a period of 2 years generally no training programmes are conducted.
Source: P.M. Siriwardane, Deputy Commissioner of Election, telephone +94 11 286 8447.
Last updated: 2004-10-12 14:25:53 UTC
Voter Registration
VR01 What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
c. 18
Source: Constitution 1978, article 4(e).
Last updated: 2004-08-23 09:33:55 UTC
VR02 Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
a. Citizenship
e. Other
Comments: e.) Must be ordinary resident at the relevant address on the operative date, and the name entered in the appropriate register of electors.
Source: Constitution 1978, article 88-89. Department of Elections, www.slelections.gov.lk
Last updated: 2004-10-12 12:37:26 UTC
VR03 What restrictions on registering to vote and voting exist in the country?
c. Detention
d. Mental disability
Source: Constitution 1978, article 89(c-e).
Last updated: 2004-08-23 09:39:38 UTC
VR04 Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
d. Election Management Body (specify)
Comments: d.) Department of Elections. Once the 17th Amendment to the Constitution is fully implemented the Election Commission with five members will take over the responsibility.
Source: Department of Elections, www.slelections.gov.lk
Last updated: 2004-08-23 12:08:45 UTC
VR05 What is the registration method for national elections?
b. Voters register
Source: Department of Elections, www.slelections.gov.lk
Last updated: 2004-08-23 12:51:52 UTC
VR06 How frequently is the voters register updated?
b. Annually
Source: Department of Elections, www.slelections.gov.lk
Last updated: 2004-08-23 12:52:18 UTC
VR07 What methods are used to compile and update the voters register?
f. Door-to-door registration campaign
Comments: f.) The Returning Officer appoints enumerators to visit houses for compiling the names of voters. Each household are expected to fill in the enumeration form handed over to them.
Source: Department of Elections, www.slelections.gov.lk
Last updated: 2004-08-23 12:55:18 UTC
20/05/2008 07:19
