Madagascar
- Boundary Delimitation
- Direct Democracy
- Electoral Management
- Electoral Systems
- Legislative Framework
- Media and Elections
- Parties and Candidates
- Vote Counting
- Voter Education
- Voting Operations
- Voter Registration
Boundary Delimitation
BD01 Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
b. No, existing regional/provincial/other boundaries are used
Last updated: 2007-10-03 08:37:54 UTC
BD03 On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
h. Not applicable
Last updated: 2007-10-03 08:38:40 UTC
Direct Democracy
DD01 Please provide information about the person completing the questionnaire.
a. Name and Title: Dr Chweya
b. Job Title: Research Associate
c. Organisation: African Center For Economic Growth (ACEG)
d. Contact Address. p.o. box 1559-00606 Nairobi
e. Telephone: +254 20 3746909; 3754540; +254 721 421 866
f. Facsimile: +254 20 3754541
g. Email: aceg@aceg.org
Last updated: 2005-04-06 09:18:02 UTC
DD02 Which forms of direct democracy, if any, are currently possible at the national level?
Please check the glossary for the definition of the following terms:
a. Mandatory referendum
b. Optional referendum
Source: Articles 138, 140, 141 of the constitution
Last updated: 2005-04-06 09:18:57 UTC
DD03 What is the legal basis for mandatory referendums at the national level?
a. Constitutional
Source: Articles 138,140, 141 of the constitution
Last updated: 2005-04-06 09:20:04 UTC
DD04 What is the legal basis for optional referendums at the national level?
a. Constitutional
b. Specific laws/legislation
Source: Constitution of Madagascar Article 6 and electoral code
Last updated: 2005-08-25 08:42:45 UTC
DD08 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for mandatory referendums at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
a. Constitutional
Source: Articles 141 of the constitution
Last updated: 2005-05-10 11:59:24 UTC
DD09 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for optional referendums at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
b. Specific laws/legislation
Comments: The preamble of the electoral code states that it applies to public elections and to referendums as well.
Source: electoral code preamble
Last updated: 2005-08-25 08:48:08 UTC
DD10 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for citizens' initiatives at the national level?
Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
e. Not applicable
Comments: not in law
Last updated: 2005-05-10 12:00:26 UTC
DD100 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for an agenda initiative?
f. Not applicable
Comments: no signature collection
Source: article 29 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-08-25 12:02:57 UTC
DD101 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for a recall?
f. Not applicable
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-The-4.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:55:14 UTC
DD102 What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a referendum?
d. Not applicable
Comments: no signatures
Source: electoral code article 29
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:56:58 UTC
DD103 What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a citizens' initiative?
d. Not applicable
Source: article 29 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:59:29 UTC
DD104 What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a recall?
d. Not applicable
Source: determination of procedure for expansion by electorate of loss of mandate of deputies National Electoral Board regulations no. 2/1999
Last updated: 2005-08-25 12:01:59 UTC
DD105 Who is responsible for checking the signatures?
a. Agency/department responsible for the administration of direct democracy mechanisms
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-The-4.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 12:03:11 UTC
DD106 Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in a referendum?
a. Agency/department responsible for the administration of direct democracy mechanisms
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-Politica.html#Heading37
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:35:02 UTC
DD107 Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in an initiative?
a. Agency/department responsible for the administration of direct democracy mechanisms
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-Politica.html#Heading37
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:38:18 UTC
DD108 Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in a recall?
g. Not applicable
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-Politica.html#Heading37
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:39:46 UTC
DD11 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for agenda initiatives at the national level?
Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
e. Not applicable
Comments: not in the law
Last updated: 2005-05-10 12:01:06 UTC
DD110 What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for an initiative?
i. Not applicable
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-Politica.html#Heading37
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:41:25 UTC
DD111 What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for a recall?
i. Not applicable
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-Politica.html#Heading37
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:42:36 UTC
DD112 Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in a referendum?
b. Expenditure limits
e. Disclosure requirements
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-Politica.html#Heading37
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:44:04 UTC
DD113 Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in an initiative?
b. Expenditure limits
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-Politica.html#Heading37
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:45:45 UTC
DD114 Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in a recall?
h. Not applicable
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-The-4.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:48:27 UTC
DD115 What is the period during which these controls apply for a referendum?
a. Fixed time period (specify)
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-The-4.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:49:54 UTC
DD116 What is the period during which these controls apply for an initiative?
c. Not applicable
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-The-4.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:51:13 UTC
DD117 What is the period during which these controls apply for a recall?
c. Not applicable
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-The-4.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:52:33 UTC
DD119 Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for an initiative? Specify in the “Comments” section below.
a. Single designated campaign organisation for each side
b. Selected campaign organisations
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-Politica.html#Heading37
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:37:55 UTC
DD12 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for recalls at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
e. Not applicable
Comments: not in law
Last updated: 2005-05-10 12:02:12 UTC
DD120 Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for a recall? Specify in the “Comments” section below.
f. Not applicable
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-Politica.html#Heading37
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:40:06 UTC
DD121 Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for a referendum?
Specify in the “Comments” section below.
a. Financial grant
b. Free media access
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-Politica.html#Heading37
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:41:08 UTC
DD122 Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for an initiative?
Specify in the “Comments” section below.
a. Financial grant
b. Free media access
c. Free publication space in information document
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-Politica.html#Heading37
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:42:12 UTC
DD123 Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for a recall?
Specify in the “Comments” section below.
g. Not applicable
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-Politica.html#Heading37
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:43:24 UTC
DD124 If free media access is provided, what are the criteria for allocating broadcast time / printing space?
b. Not applicable x
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-The-4.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:47:48 UTC
DD125 Is the government permitted to campaign either in favour of or against any specific outcome to a referendum, initiatives or recall vote?
a. Yes
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-The-4.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:48:44 UTC
DD126 What restrictions or controls, if any, are there on media coverage of the campaign and/or issue during the relevant period?
a. no specified
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-The-4.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:50:33 UTC
DD127 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign for a recall?
e. Not applicable
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-The-4.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:51:42 UTC
DD13 When were direct democracy mechanisms first introduced into the legal framework at the national level?
Date (yyyy)
a. Mandatory referendum 1992
b. Optional referendum 1992
Source: http://portail.droit.francophonie.org/doc/html/mg/loi/fr/1992/1992dfmglg22.html
Last updated: 2005-05-10 12:03:32 UTC
DD14 When was an administrative framework for direct democracy mechanisms first introduced at the national level? Date (yyyy)
a. Mandatory referendum 1992
b. Optional referendum 1992
Source: http://portail.droit.francophonie.org/doc/html/mg/loi/fr/1992/1992dfmglg22.html
Last updated: 2005-05-10 12:04:37 UTC
DD15 Who is responsible for managing the administration of direct democracy mechanisms at the national level?
b. Independent electoral commission
Source: electoral law tittle III article 113
Last updated: 2005-05-10 12:05:56 UTC
DD16 Does this agency/department also manage the administration of national elections?
a. Yes
Source: electoral law tittle III article 113
Last updated: 2005-05-10 12:06:31 UTC
DD17 Are mandatory referendums currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
a. Yes, in all regions/states/provinces
Source: Barry Mason:Secession threatened in Madagascar 11 May 2002
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:05:28 UTC
DD18 Are optional referendums currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
a. Yes, in all regions/states/provinces
Source: Report of the Secretary General on the Situation in Madagascar, done in Dakar, 9 June 2002
Last updated: 2005-08-25 08:59:10 UTC
DD19 Are citizens' initiatives currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 08:59:59 UTC
DD20 Are agenda initiatives currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:00:34 UTC
DD21 Are recalls currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:01:14 UTC
DD22 Are mandatory referendums currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
c. No
Comments: Not mentioned in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:13:09 UTC
DD23 Are optional referendums currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
c. No
Comments: Not mentioned in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:10:49 UTC
DD24 Are citizens' initiatives currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
c. No
Comments: Not mentioned in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:10:10 UTC
DD25 Are agenda initiatives currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Comments: They are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:07:54 UTC
DD26 Are recalls currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
d. Not applicable
Comments: They are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:07:21 UTC
DD27 What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are mandatory at the national level?
a. Constitutional amendments
Source: Electoral code Article 29
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:22:19 UTC
DD28 What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are optional at the national level?
j. Other (specify)
Comments: Any important issue that affects the country
Source: Electoral code Article 29
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:21:49 UTC
DD29 Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of referendums at the national level?
l. Not applicable
Comments: None since the electoral code provides for all issues.
Source: Electoral code Article 29
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:24:26 UTC
DD30 Which issues, if any, maybe the subject of sub-national referendums regulated at the national level?
f. Not applicable
Comments: Not mentioned in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:25:12 UTC
DD31 Who can initiate a referendum at the national level?
b. EMB
c. President
d. Legislative majority
Source: Electoral code Article 29
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:26:09 UTC
DD32 Who is responsible for drafting the mandatory referendum question?
b. Independent electoral commission
Source: http://www.z6.com/z6files/z6files/fotw/flags/mg.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:35:35 UTC
DD33 Who is responsible for drafting the optional referendum question?
b. Independent electoral commission
Source: http://www.z6.com/z6files/z6files/fotw/flags/mg.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:36:38 UTC
DD36 Which institution(s) decides on the final form of the ballot text for mandatory referendums?
b. Independent electoral commission
Source: http://www.z6.com/z6files/z6files/fotw/flags/mg.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:41:47 UTC
DD37 Which institution(s) decides on the final form of the ballot text for optional referendums?
b. Independent electoral commission
Source: http://www.z6.com/z6files/z6files/fotw/flags/mg.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:42:30 UTC
DD40 What are the requirements for mandatory referendums to pass?
a. Simple majority (>50%)
Source: Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2000 Released by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor February 23, 2001
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:46:31 UTC
DD41 What are the requirements for optional referendums to pass?
a. Simple majority (>50%)
Source: Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2000 Released by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor February 23, 2001
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:47:02 UTC
DD42 In which areas, if any, do regulatory provisions differ between a referendum and a national election?
Tick all that apply and specify below in the comments section.
g. None
Comments: The preamble of the electoral code states that it applies to both elections and referendums
Source: Electoral code Preamble
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:48:30 UTC
DD45 Which types of issues can be proposed by citizens using the citizens' initiative process at the national level?
d. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:49:43 UTC
DD46 Which types of issues can be proposed by citizens using the agenda initiative process at the national level?
d. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:50:17 UTC
DD47 Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of a citizens' initiative at the national level?
l. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:57:38 UTC
DD48 Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of an agenda initiative at the national level?
l. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:58:34 UTC
DD49 Who may propose the registration of a citizens' initiative?
Please specify in the “Comments” section below.
d. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:59:24 UTC
DD50 Who may propose the registration of an agenda initiative?
Please specify in the “Comments” section below.
d. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 09:59:56 UTC
DD51 What material is necessary to accompany an application for registration?
e. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 10:01:15 UTC
DD52 Who determines the title of a citizens' initiative?
f. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 10:02:55 UTC
DD53 Who determines the title of an agenda initiative?
f. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 10:03:35 UTC
DD54 Which, if any, of the following disqualify a proposed title of an initiative?
h. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 10:04:17 UTC
DD55 Which services are provided by the agency/department responsible for the administration of direct democracy mechanisms before an initiative can be published?
f. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 10:05:24 UTC
DD56 Under what circumstances is an initiative checked for constitutionality or legality?
d. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 10:06:33 UTC
DD58 If a check of the constitutionality or legality of an initiative takes place, when does this happen?
f. Not applicable
Comments: Not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:28:37 UTC
DD59 Which institutions, if any, are given an opportunity to propose an alternative to proposals contained in a citizens’ initiative?
g. Not applicable
Comments: Citizen's initiatives are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:29:55 UTC
DD60 At which stage in the initiative process, if at all, can alternative proposals be made?
e. Not applicable
Comments: Initiatives are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:30:54 UTC
DD61 What happens when there is a valid alternative proposal?
e. Not applicable
Comments: Initiatives are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:31:23 UTC
DD62 When an initiative proposal and an alternative proposal are put to the vote on the same day, what choices does the voter have?
f. Not applicable
Comments: Initiatives are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:32:35 UTC
DD63 Who decides the final ballot text?
f. Not applicable
Comments: Initiatives are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:33:10 UTC
DD64 Once an initiative is qualified for the ballot, the vote on it takes place:
d. Not applicable
Comments: Initiatives are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:33:37 UTC
DD65 Which of the following individuals/positions may be subject to the recall mechanism?
k. Not applicable
Comments: Recalls are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:34:19 UTC
DD66 What are the grounds upon which a recall may be launched?
g. Not applicable
Comments: Recalls are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:34:47 UTC
DD67 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to the time period in which an individual/position can be recalled?
b. Not applicable X
Comments: Recalls are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:35:27 UTC
DD68 If a recall qualifies for the ballot, when is it put to the vote?
d. Not applicable
Comments: Recalls are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:35:53 UTC
DD69 When does the election to replace an individual who has been recalled take place?
c. Not applicable
Comments: Recalls are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:36:20 UTC
DD70 If a separate ballot to replace an individual who has been recalled takes place, how soon after the recall ballot is it held?
b. Not applicable X
Comments: Recalls are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:36:51 UTC
DD71 Can an individual who is the subject of a recall stand on the ballot for his/her own replacement?
c. Not applicable
Comments: Recalls are not provided for in law
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:37:18 UTC
DD72 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Source: Ravalomanana Demands Referendum, Prays for World Support available at http://allafrica.com/stories/200202250591.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:42:21 UTC
DD73 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a rejective referendum (optional)?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Source: Ravalomanana Demands Referendum, Prays for World Support available at http://allafrica.com/stories/200202250591.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:44:10 UTC
DD74 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a citizens' initiative?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Comments: Citizen's initiatives are not provided for by law and have nenver been practiced
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:45:18 UTC
DD75 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for an agenda initiative?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Comments: Agenda initiatives are not provided for by law and have nenver been practiced
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:46:02 UTC
DD76 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional) has been published?
c. Not applicable
Comments: No signatures are required
Source: Electoral code Article 29
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:47:08 UTC
DD77 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for a rejective referendum (optional) has been published?
c. Not applicable
Comments: No signatures are required
Source: Electoral code Article 29
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:47:52 UTC
DD79 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for an agenda initiative has been published?
c. Not applicable
Comments: Agenda initiatives are not provided for by law and have nenver been practiced
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:49:03 UTC
DD80 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Comments: No signatures are required
Source: Electoral code Article 29
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:49:57 UTC
DD81 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for a rejective referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Comments: No signatures are required
Source: Electoral code Article 29
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:50:44 UTC
DD82 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for a citizens' initiative?
e. Not applicable
Comments: Citizen's initiatives are not provided for by law and have nenver been practiced
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:51:34 UTC
DD83 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for an agenda initiative?
e. Not applicable
Comments: Agenda initiatives are not provided for by law and have nenver been practiced
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:53:31 UTC
DD84 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a recall?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Comments: Recalls are not provided for by law and have nenver been practiced
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:54:57 UTC
DD85 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for recall has been published?
c. Not applicable
Comments: Recalls are not provided for by law and have nenver been practiced
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:55:35 UTC
DD87 Where can proposals for an abrogative referendum (optional) be signed?
g. Not applicable
Comments: No signatures are required
Source: Electoral code Article 29
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:56:20 UTC
DD88 Where can proposals for a rejective referendum (optional) be signed?
g. Not applicable
Comments: No signatures required
Source: Electoral code Article 29
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:57:17 UTC
DD89 Where can proposals for a citizens' initiative be signed?
g. Not applicable
Comments: Citizen's initiatives are not provided for by law and have nenver been practiced
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:57:49 UTC
DD90 Where can proposals for an agenda initiative be signed?
g. Not applicable
Comments: Agenda initiatives are not provided for by law and have nenver been practiced
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:58:26 UTC
DD91 Where can proposals for a recall be signed?
g. Not applicable
Comments: Recalls are not provided for by law and have nenver been practiced
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:59:08 UTC
DD92 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Source: article 29 electoral code
Last updated: 2005-08-25 12:05:32 UTC
DD93 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a rejective referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Comments: no rejective referendum
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-The-4.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 12:06:31 UTC
DD94 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a citizens' initiative?
e. Not applicable
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-The-4.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:54:32 UTC
DD95 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for an agenda initiative?
e. Not applicable
Source: http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/nordem_report-The-4.html
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:55:54 UTC
DD96 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a recall?
e. Not applicable
Source: article 29 elecotral code
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:57:33 UTC
DD97 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
f. Not applicable
Source: electoral code aticle 29
Last updated: 2005-08-25 11:58:59 UTC
Electoral Management
EM01 Please provide the following contact information for the national electoral management body:
a. Name of Institution National Electoral Commission (Conseil National Electoral)
c. Telephone +26132 024 9056
f. Website Address http://www.mira.gov.mg/election/
g. Name and Title of Chairperson/President Gervais Rakotonirina
h. Information Officer Garcon Gabriel
i. Official language of the electoral law governing national elections Malagasy, French
Comments: MIRA (Ministère de l'Intérieur et de la Réforme Administrative) is a government department charged with the conduct of elections. The National Electoral Council (Conseil National Electoral, CNE) is responsible for supervision of the electoral process The High Constitutional Court (HCC) registers candidates, processes complaints, verifies and announces official results
Source: MIRA Undated "Le Mot du Ministre", [www] http://www.mira.gov.mg/
Last updated: 2007-10-03 08:04:04 UTC
EM02 Does this national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
a. National level
b. Regional level
c. Local level
Last updated: 2007-10-02 11:34:49 UTC
EM04 The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
c. The legislature
d. A national government department
e. Another organ within the national government
Comments: The primary actors in elections are: A department of government, Ministry of Interior and Administrative Reform (Ministère de l'Intérieur et de la Réforme Administrative, MIRA). A branch of the judiciary, the High Constitutional Court (HCC)
Source: MIRA Undated "Le Mot du Ministre", [www] http://www.mira.gov.mg/
Last updated: 2007-10-03 08:04:04 UTC
EM05 The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
c. The legislature
d. A national government department
e. Another organ within the national government
Comments: The primary actors in elections are: A department of government, Ministry of Interior and Administrative Reform (Ministère de l'Intérieur et de la Réforme Administrative, MIRA). A branch of the judiciary, the High Constitutional Court (HCC)
Source: MIRA Undated "Le Mot du Ministre", [www] http://www.mira.gov.mg/
Last updated: 2007-10-03 08:04:04 UTC
EM06 The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
b. For a term of _________ years
Comments: 5 years
Last updated: 2007-10-02 14:19:14 UTC
EM08 According to official sources, what was the estimated overall cost (in US dollars if available) of the most recent national elections?
Last updated: 2007-09-13 12:36:25 UTC
EM09 What was the total number of registered voters or, where there was no voter roll, the estimated number of eligible voters?
a. Total number: 8
Last updated: 2007-09-13 12:36:25 UTC
Electoral Systems
ES01 How is the Head of State selected?
c. Directly elected in general elections (absolute majority with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: The President is Head of State and is directly elected by an absolute majority in a secret, universal, adult ballot.
Source: Madagascar Constitution 1992, Articles 45, 47.
Last updated: 2007-09-13 09:15:03 UTC
ES02 How is the Head of Government selected?
e. Appointed
Comments: Prime Minister is head of government and is appointed by President. Must resign if motion of censure is passed by a majority of National Assembly.
Source: Madagascar Constitution 1992, Articles 53, 54, 64, 94, 97.
Last updated: 2007-10-01 09:43:12 UTC
ES03 Does the country have a president?
a. Yes
Source: Madagascar Constitution 1992, Articles 44, 55.
Last updated: 2007-09-13 09:23:33 UTC
ES04 The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
b. Two chambers
Comments: Madagascar has a bicameral parliament consisting of a National Assembly and a Senate, each with a term of five years.
Source: Madagascar Constitution 1992, Articles 67, 77.
Last updated: 2007-10-01 09:58:55 UTC
ES05 What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
a. Plurality (FPTP)
Comments: The National Assembly has 127 seats elected from single member and two member constituencies by plurality. This is not specified in the constitution, which says rather that the number of seats and the manner of election be determined by a decree of the Council of Ministers.
Source: Madagascar Constitution 1992, Articles 68.
Last updated: 2007-10-01 10:51:50 UTC
ES11 If special constituencies or seats are reserved in Chamber 1, specify which interest groups, and the proportion of total seats reserved for:
e. Not applicable x
Last updated: 2007-09-13 09:15:03 UTC
Legislative Framework
LF01 What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
b. Separate legislation
c. Decree
Comments: The constitution specifies that the number of seats and the manner of election of the National Assembly be determined by a decree of the Council of Ministers. Electoral operations are governed by: Loi Organique No 2000-014 du 24 août 2000 portant Code Electoral. Loi Organique No 2002-004 relative à l'élection des députés à l'Assemblée nationale.
Source: Madagascar Constitution 1992, Articles 68; Loi Organique No 2000-014 du 24 août 2000 portant Code Electoral; Loi Organique No 2002-004 relative à l'élection des députés à l'Assemblée nationale
Last updated: 2007-10-03 09:13:42 UTC
LF03 The national electoral law covers:
a. National elections
b. Regional elections
c. Local elections
Source: Loi Organique No 2000-014 du 24 août 2000 portant Code Electoral
Last updated: 2007-10-01 12:03:40 UTC
LF04 Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
a. Voting is voluntary
Last updated: 2007-09-13 11:56:36 UTC
LF07 What are the agency(ies) responsible for first level of formal electoral disputes?
a. Judiciary
Comments: Loi Organique No 2000-014 du 24 août 2000 portant Code Electoral, III, 116 – 121 of the electoral code govern disputes and complaints against electoral officials or other parties and stipulates that these must all be made to the High Constitutional Court
Source: SCHUMANN, B 2003 "The Complaints Process" IN Madagascar National Assembly Elections 2002, Nordem Report 04/2003, [www] http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/ nordem_report.html
Last updated: 2007-10-03 09:13:42 UTC
Media and Elections
ME01 Please provide information about the person completing the questionnaire.
a. Name and Title: Dr Chweya
b. Job Title: Research Associate
c. Organisation: African Center For Economic Growth (ACEG)
d. Contact Address: p.o. box 1559-00606 Nairobi
e. Telephone: +254 20 3746909; 3754540; +254 721 421 866
f. Facsimile: +254 20 3754541
g. Email: aceg@aceg.org
Last updated: 2005-04-06 09:31:17 UTC
ME09 In your opinion, which of the following types of media in your country have a public reputation for being independent?
b. Private radio
Source: http://66.102.9.104/search?q=cache:qcOekWikGMMJ:www.internews.org/regions/africa/Radio_Assessment_MadagascarOct2003.pdf+media+laws+madagascar&hl=en
Last updated: 2005-05-08 12:48:15 UTC
ME11 What laws, if any, guarantee freedom of access to public information for representatives of the media?
a. a
Last updated: 2007-09-14 08:28:15 UTC
ME13 What are the laws, if any, which govern the operations of the public broadcaster?
Specify the date of the latest version (including latest amendments)
a. Article 41 of Chapter II of the Electoral Code
Last updated: 2007-09-14 08:28:15 UTC
ME18 What are the laws, if any, that provide for the safeguards for editorial autonomy in relation to the public broadcaster(s)?
a. a
Last updated: 2007-09-14 08:28:15 UTC
ME19 What are the laws, if any, which govern the granting of broadcasting licenses/frequencies to private broadcasters?
a. none
Last updated: 2007-09-14 08:28:15 UTC
ME22 What are the legal conditions, if any, under which the activities of a media outlet may be suspended?
a. a
Last updated: 2007-09-14 08:28:15 UTC
ME37 What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
g. Other (specify)
Comments: LOI ORGANIQUE No 2002-004, II, 41 provides for equitable access to state media. CNE is responsible for the allocation of airtime to candidates and parties during the electoral campaign and must monitor state-owned media to prevent partisanship
Source: EISA 2006 Election Observer Mission Report: Madagascar Presidential Elections, 3 December 2006, 17 SCHUMANN, B 2003 "The Media" IN Madagascar National Assembly Elections 2002, Nordem Report 04/2003, [www] http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/ nordem_report.html
Last updated: 2007-10-03 10:12:48 UTC
ME38 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
b. The law does not specify any limits on paid advertising x
Comments: No regulation of party income or expenditure.
Source: EISA 2006 Election Observer Mission Report: Madagascar Presidential Elections, 3 December 2006, 15-16
Last updated: 2007-10-03 10:12:48 UTC
ME55 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a presidential candidate is permitted to spend on paid advertising?
b. The law does not specify any limits on paid advertising x
Last updated: 2007-09-14 08:28:15 UTC
ME56 What are the laws, if any, which govern the disclosure of campaign advertising expenditures by political parties and candidates?
Last updated: 2007-09-14 08:28:15 UTC
ME57 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a media outlet can charge parties/candidates for advertising during the campaign?
b. The law does not specify any limits x
Last updated: 2007-09-14 08:28:15 UTC
ME58 How does this maximum amount (identified in question C.15.1) affect the political participation of smaller or newly formed parties?
a. .......... According to the regulation reimbursement of expenses for candidates should only be granted to those who receive more than 10 % of the votes.
Last updated: 2007-09-14 08:28:15 UTC
ME59 Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
a. Yes, in presidential elections
b. Yes, in legislative elections
Source: Elections in Africa A Data Handbook.1999, Edited by Dieter Nohlen, Bernard Thibaut, and Michael Krennerich
Last updated: 2007-10-03 10:12:48 UTC
ME60 What legal requirements, if any, regulate the participation of candidates or party representatives in media debates?
a. ......... no regulation
Last updated: 2007-09-14 08:28:15 UTC
Parties and Candidates
PC01 What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
b. Deposit requirement (specify amount)
Last updated: 2007-10-03 09:54:09 UTC
PC02 What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 2)?
g. Not applicable
Last updated: 2007-10-03 09:55:19 UTC
PC03 What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
a. Age
b. Citizenship
c. Country of birth
f. Registration
Comments: Candidates must not have been convicted of a criminal offence
Source: SCHUMANN, B 2003 "Candidate Registration" IN Madagascar National Assembly Elections 2002, Nordem Report 04/2003, [www] http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/ nordem_report.html
Last updated: 2007-10-03 09:59:24 UTC
PC04 What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 2)?
a. Age
b. Citizenship
d. Residence
Comments: To be a candidate one must first fulfil the requirements of being a voter
Source: Electoral code Articles 1-5
Last updated: 2005-08-25 07:55:59 UTC
PC08 Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
e. In both presidential and legislative elections
Source: SCHUMANN, B 2003 "Candidate Registration" IN Madagascar National Assembly Elections 2002, Nordem Report 04/2003, [www] http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/ nordem_report.html
Last updated: 2007-10-03 10:01:06 UTC
PC12 Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
a. No
Source: EISA 2006 Election Observer Mission Report: Madagascar Presidential Elections, 3 December 2006, 15-16
Last updated: 2007-10-17 12:35:54 UTC
PC15 What is the basis of the public funding?
f. Not applicable
Comments: No public funding of political parties
Source: EISA 2006 Election Observer Mission Report: Madagascar Presidential Elections, 3 December 2006, 15-16
Last updated: 2007-10-17 12:35:54 UTC
PC17 Are political parties entitled to private funding?
a. Yes
Comments: private funding is unregulated and no disclosure or accounting is required. No limits are placed on the amounts candidates or parties may receive or spend.
Source: EISA 2006 Election Observer Mission Report: Madagascar Presidential Elections, 3 December 2006, 15-16
Last updated: 2007-10-17 12:35:54 UTC
Vote Counting
VC04 Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
a. At the polling stations
Comments: The count by polling officials is observed by accredited observers, party agents and members of the press. After close of poll the presiding officer reconciles, counts and records the votes[16]. Presiding officer seals all the forms and relevant documents detailing outcome in envelope and transmits it to constituency tabulation centre (Commission de Recensement Matériel des Votes, CRMV)
Source: Loi Organique No 2000-014 du 24 août 2000 portant Code Electoral, viii, 97
Last updated: 2007-10-03 10:07:34 UTC
VC11 Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
f. Other
Comments: agreement of rival candidates
Source: http://www.usaid.gov/procurement_bus_opp/procurement/annual_pstatements/madagascar.html
Last updated: 2005-05-10 10:33:44 UTC
Voter Education
VE01 Who conducts voter education and information campaigns at the national elections (informing where, when and how to register and vote)?
a. National Electoral Management Body
g. NGOs/ Civic Organizations
Comments: Voter and civic education is the responsibility of the government, but is undertaken through accredited NGOs, according an annex to the Electoral Code; it is funded by donor organisations
Source: SCHUMANN, B 2003 "Voter education" IN Madagascar National Assembly Elections 2002, Nordem Report 04/2003, [www] http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/ nordem_report.html
Last updated: 2007-10-03 08:44:25 UTC
VE02 At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
b. Election time only
Source: SCHUMANN, B 2003 "Voter education" IN Madagascar National Assembly Elections 2002, Nordem Report 04/2003, [www] http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/ nordem_report.html
Last updated: 2007-10-03 08:46:52 UTC
VE03 Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
b. Yes, conducted by the National Electoral Management Body
h. Yes, conducted by NGOs/ Civic Organizations
Comments: Voter and civic education is the responsibility of the government, but is undertaken through accredited NGOs, according an annex to the Electoral Code; it is funded by donor organisations
Source: SCHUMANN, B 2003 "Voter education" IN Madagascar National Assembly Elections 2002, Nordem Report 04/2003, [www] http://www.humanrights.uio.no/forskning/publ/nr/2003/04/ nordem_report.html
Last updated: 2007-10-03 08:48:33 UTC
Voting Operations
VO03 Where can electors vote?
a. At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections
Source: Loi Organique No 2000-014 du 24 août 2000 portant Code Electoral,VII, 60
Last updated: 2007-10-03 09:29:10 UTC
VO04 Who can vote from outside the country?
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
Last updated: 2007-10-03 09:34:54 UTC
VO05 If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
g. Not applicable
Last updated: 2007-10-03 09:34:54 UTC
VO10 Is there a maximum allowable voter capacity of a polling station for the national elections?
Last updated: 2007-02-06 13:24:48 UTC
VO11 How do electors cast their votes?
g. Other
Comments: By putting ballot paper of the preferred candidate in an envelope and placing that in the ballot box
Source: Loi Organique No 2000-014 du 24 août 2000 portant Code Electoral, VII, 86 and 91
Last updated: 2007-10-03 09:42:32 UTC
VO12 How many staff are assigned to each polling station?
c. Average per polling station: 7
Last updated: 2007-10-03 09:29:10 UTC
Voter Registration
VR01 What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
c. 18
Source: Loi Organique No 2000-014 du 24 août 2000 portant Code Electoral, I, 2
Last updated: 2007-10-03 09:24:28 UTC
VR02 Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
a. Citizenship
e. Other
Comments: e) must be residing in madagascar, exercising civil and political rights.
Source: Loi Organique No 2000-014 du 24 août 2000 portant Code Electoral, I, 2
Last updated: 2007-10-03 09:06:53 UTC
VR04 Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
a. Central Government Department (specify)
Comments: The Ministry of Interior and Administrative Reform (Ministère de l'Intérieur et de la Réforme Administrative, MIRA) is responsible for voter registration,
Source: Loi Organique No 2000-014 du 24 août 2000 portant Code Electoral, II, 6
Last updated: 2007-10-03 09:09:15 UTC
20/05/2008 07:19
