Electoral Systems

Fact Sheet on the Citizen's Assembly's recommended STV model (2004)

 

Canada: British Columbia - Empowered Citizen Participation

This case study presents the unique experiment undertaken by the Canadian province of British Columbia, a process on electoral reform: the government gave a randomly selected group of citizens - the "Citizens’ Assembly on Electoral Reform" - the opportunity and responsibility to independently review the electoral system and have its recommendations submitted to the public for approval at a referendum.

The Role of Electoral Systems in the Resolution of Ethnic Conflict

This paper by David Chapman for the "Democracy Design Forum" explores the role of electoral systems in the resoution of ethnic conflicts.

China: Village Committee Elections: First Steps on a Long March?

Case study on the role of Village Commitees in China, written by Dong Lisheng and Jørgen Elklit

Compulsory Voting (1997)

 

Counting under STV

 

Canada: British Columbia Citizen's Assembly's final report recommending STV (Punjabi) (2004)

This report presents the recommedations of the "Citizen's Assembly on Electoral Reform" of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is based on the government's experiment to let a group of randomly selected citizens - the "Citizens’ Assembly on Electoral Reform" - independently review the electoral system and have its recommendations submitted to the public for approval at a referendum.

Canada: British Columbia Citizen's Assembly's final report recommending STV (Chinese) (2004)

This report presents the recommedations of the "Citizen's Assembly on Electoral Reform" of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is based on the government's experiment to let a group of randomly selected citizens - the "Citizens’ Assembly on Electoral Reform" - independently review the electoral system and have its recommendations submitted to the public for approval at a referendum.

Canada: British Columbia Citizen's Assembly's final report recommending STV (French) (2004)

This report presents the recommedations of the "Citizen's Assembly on Electoral Reform" of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is based on the government's experiment to let a group of randomly selected citizens - the "Citizens’ Assembly on Electoral Reform" - independently review the electoral system and have its recommendations submitted to the public for approval at a referendum.

Canada: British Columbia Citizen's Assembly's final report recommending STV (English) (2004)

This report presents the recommedations of the "Citizen's Assembly on Electoral Reform" of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is based on the government's experiment to let a group of randomly selected citizens - the "Citizens’ Assembly on Electoral Reform" - independently review the electoral system and have its recommendations submitted to the public for approval at a referendum.

Government Structure and Electoral Systems (2003)

With this paper, Benjamin Reilly sets out options for structuring a system of government and choosing an electoral system, focusing on the comparative experience of transitional democracies in choosing amongst available options, examining choices made by countries emerged from a period of protracted conflict.

Electoral Systems and their Goals:a Primer for Decision-Makers

The paper "Electoral Systems and their Goals:a Primer for Decision-Makers" by Donald L. Horowitz, Professor of Law and Political Science, at the Duke University (January 2003)

Albania: Ballot Paper (1997)

Ballot Sample for MMP Systems

Antigua and Barbuda: Ballot Paper (1975)

 

Australia: Ballot Paper for Elections of House of Representatives

Sample for Ballot Paper for Alternative Vote System

Australia: Ballot Paper for Elections of Senates

A Sample of Ballot Paper for AV Systems

Bangladesh: Ballot Paper

A Sample of Ballot Paper for the First Past The Post (FPTP) System

Brasil: Boleta electoral parlamentaria.

Muestra de la boleta electoral para la elección de diputado federal y estatal.

Brasil: Boleta Electoral (2002).

Boleta electoral para la elección de presidente, gobernador y senadores.

Burkina Faso: Ballot Paper (1997)

Sample for Ballot Paper for Legislative Elections in List PR System

Denmark: Ballot Paper

Sample of Ballot Paper for List PR System

Ecuador: Ballot Paper (1994)

Sample of Ballot Paper for List PR System

Ethiopia: Ballot Paper

Sample for Ballot Paper in First Past the Post (FPTP) System

Germany: Ballot Paper for Parliamentary Elections (1990)

Sample of Ballot Paper for Mixed Member Proportional (MMP) System

Ghana: Ballot Paper for Presidential Elections (1996)

Sample of Ballot Paper for Presidential Elections

Moldova: Ballot Paper for Presidential Elections (1996)

Sample of Ballot Paper for Presidential Elections

Philippines: Ballot Paper (1996)

Sample of ballot paper for a Parallel System, used in the 1996 elections for the Autonomous region of Muslim Mindanao in the Philippines.

Map of the Electoral Systems of the World (2005)

Map of the Electoral Systems of the World produced by International IDEA (www.idea.int) for its handbook on Eletoral System Design.

Poster of the Electoral Systems of the World (2005)

Poster of the Electoral Systems of the World produced by International IDEA (www.idea.int) for its handbook on Eletoral System Design

European Parliament: Elections to a Supranational Body

Background and historical description of the elections to the European Parliament. Written by Andrew Ellis and Stina Larserud

Evolution of Electoral Systems, a brief introduction (1998)

A brief introduction to the evolution of electoral systems.

How Votes Become Seats (1998)

 

India: First Past the Post on a Grand Scale

Case study of the world's largest democracy. Historical background and current situation described by Vijay Patidar

Indonesia: Continuity, Deals and Consensus

Description of the Electoral system of Indonesia. The case study describes the transition to democracy and the latest elections. Written by Andrew Ellis

Kyrgyzstan: Electoral Manipulation in Central Asia

The electoral system in an ex Soviet authoritarian system. Case study written by Eugene Huskey.

Lesotho: Africa’s First MMP Electoral System

Description of the difficulties met in an a FPTP electoral system and the establishment of an Interim Political Authority. Written by Jørgen Elklit

National Conventions - Constitutional Assemblies (1998)

 

Negotiations About a New Electoral System (1997)

Article by Michael Coppedge published 1998 in ACE1

New Zealand: Learning to Live with Proportional Representation

The reasons behind the change of electoral system in New Zealand. written by Nigel S. Roberts

Palestinian Territory: Political Realities Shape the System

A description of the creation of the Palestinian electoral system, written by Andrew Ellis.

Parliamentary Size (1997)

 

Electoral Systems Briefing Paper

The "Electoral Systems Briefing Paper" is a handy and useful tool created by Alan Wall to understand different aspects of the various electoral systems and to consider advantages and disadvantages of each.

South Africa: Electoral Systems, Conflict Management and Inclusion

A historical description of the electoral system of South Africa, from the elections in 1994 until today. Written by Andrew Reynolds

South Africa: Code of Conduct

The South African electoral code of conduct

Thailand: Combating Corruption through Electoral Reform

This file features a Case Study written by Allen Hicken on the consequence of the Constitution of on Thailand adopted in 1997.