Info

Romania

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Boundary Delimitation

BD001

Delimitation of constituencies

Question:	Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
Answer:	b. No, existing regional/provincial/other boundaries are used
Comments:
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, article 3 (paragraph 6) and Annex 1.
Verified:	2004/11/22

BD003

Criteria for drawing boundaries

Question:	On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
Answer(s):	h. Not applicable
Comments:
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, article 3 (paragraph 6) and Annex 1.
Verified:	2004/11/22

BD005

Body responsible for drawing boundaries

Question:	The body responsible for drawing the boundaries is:
Answer(s):	g. Other
Comments:
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, article 3 (paragraph 6) and Annex 1.
Verified:	2004/11/22

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Electoral Systems

ES001

Head of State

Question:	How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s):	c. Directly elected in general elections (absolute majority with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments:
Source:	Constitution, article 81 (paragraph 1-3). Law on Election of the President, article 1.
Verified:	2004/11/25

ES002

Head of Government

Question:	How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer:	c. Indirectly elected by legislature/chosen by parliament
Comments:	Indirectly elected by legislature, Chamber 1 and Chamber 2 combined.
Source:	Constitution, article 102.
Verified:	2002/08/21

ES003

President

Question:	Does the country have a president?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:
Source:	Constitution, article 80 (paragraph 1).
Verified:	2002/08/21

ES004

Number of Chambers

Question:	The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer:	b. Two chambers
Comments:
Source:	Constitution, article 58 (paragraph 2).
Verified:	2002/08/21

ES005

Electoral System (Chamber 1)

Question:	What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s):	g. List Proportional Representation
Comments:
Source:	Constitution, article 59 (paragraph 3). Law on Election of the Parliament, article 3 (paragraph 1) and article 66.
Verified:	2004/11/19

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Legislative Framework

LF001

Status of Electoral Law

Question:	What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
Answer(s):	a. Part of Constitution b. Separate legislation c. Decree
Comments:
Source:	Constitution. Law on the Election of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. Law on Election of the Parliament. Law on Election of the President. Law on Political Parties; Emergency Decree 3/1996.; Emergency Decree 129/2000.;Emergency Decree 140/2000.; Emergency Decree 165/2000.
Verified:	2004/11/22

LF003

Electoral Law covers

Question:	The national electoral law covers:
Answer(s):	a. National elections
Comments:
Source:	Constitution. Law on the Election of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. Law on Election of the Parliament. Law on Election of the President. Law on Political Parties; Emergency Decree 3/1996.; Emergency Decree 129/2000.;Emergency Decree 140/2000.; Emergency Decree 165/2000.
Verified:	2004/11/22

LF004

Compulsory/voluntary voting

Question:	Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
Answer(s):	a. Voting is voluntary
Comments:
Source:	Constitution, article 34.
Verified:	2002/08/21

LF007

Electoral Disputes Agency(ies)

Question:	What are the agency(ies) responsible for the first level of formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s):	a. Judiciary b. EMB
Comments:	a.) Voters' list and petty offences. b.) Central Electoral Commission in cases regarding the proceedings of the electoral commissions at the polling stations. Constituency Electoral Commission in cases regarding the proceedings of the electoral commissions at the polling stations.
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, articles: 12 (paragraph 2), 16 (paragraph 5), 25 (paragraph 1 and 3), 27 (paragraph 1), 32 (paragraph 2), 48 (paragraph 1), and 74 (paragraph 4).
Verified:	2004/11/25

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Electoral Management

EM001

Please provide the following contact information for the national electoral management body:

Name of Institution: Permanent Electoral Authority
                     Central Election Bureau
Website Address: www.roaep.ro 
                 www.bec2004.ro

Source

Verified

2009/11/12

(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

EM002

Responsibility of national EMB

Question:	Does the national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
Answer(s):	a. National level
Comments:
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, articles 23 (paragraph 1) and 25 (paragraph 1).
Verified:	2004/11/22

EM004

EMB budget determined by

Question:	The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
Answer(s):	c. The legislature
Comments:	c.) Any costs or expenses incurred from carrying out the election proceedings shall be paid out of the State budget. The seat and equipment shall be provided by the Government, those of the constituency commissions by the prefects, and those of the polling stations by the mayors, together with the prefects.
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, article 83 (paragraphs 1-2).
Verified:	2004/11/22

EM005

EMB expenditures controlled by

Question:	The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
Answer(s):	g. Other
Comments:	g.) There is no specific rule in the national electoral law, but the Court of Auditors controls all public money matters.
Source:	Constitution, article 139.
Verified:	2004/11/22

EM006

Term of EMB members

Question:	The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
Answer:	d. Other
Comments:	The term of the members of the Permanent Electoral Authority is 8 years. The term of the members of the Central Electoral Bureau is for electoral period only.
Source:	Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
Verified:	2009/11/12

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Voter Education

VE001

Information campaigns performed by

Question:	Who conducts information campaigns for national elections (informing where, when and how to register and/or vote)?
Answer(s):	d. National Government e. Regional Governments f. Local Governments g. NGOs/ Civic Organizations h. Political parties/ candidates i. Media
Comments:
Source:
Verified:	2002/04/19

VE002

Frequency of voter education programs

Question:	At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
Answer:	b. Election time only
Comments:
Source:
Verified:	2002/04/19

VE003

National civic education

Question:	Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
Answer(s):	a. No
Comments:
Source:
Verified:	2002/04/19

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Voter Registration

VR001

Voting age

Question:	What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
Answer:	c. 18
Comments:
Source:	Constitution, article 34 (paragraph 1).
Verified:	2002/08/21

VR002

Other voting requirements

Question:	Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
Answer(s):	a. Citizenship
Comments:
Source:	Constitution, article 34.
Verified:	2002/08/21

VR004

Body responsible for voter registration

Question:	Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
Answer:	c. Local Government Authority
Comments:
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, article 8 (paragraph 2).
Verified:	2004/11/22

VR008

Compulsory voter registration

Question:	Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, article 10 (paragraph 2).
Verified:	2004/11/22

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Voting Operations

VO003

Electors vote at

Question:	Where can electors vote?
Answer(s):	a. At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections c. At any polling station in the same country d. At specially designated polling stations e. At mobile polling stations
Comments:	The voters may vote at the polling station where they have their place of permanent residence or at a specially designated polling station. Voters who, on polling day, shall be in a locality other than that in which they are registered, can exercise their right to vote on the basis of their voters card at any polling station. There they will be registered on a special voter list by the electoral commission at the polling station.
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, articles 19, 20, 53 and 59.
Verified:	2004/11/22

VO004

Voting outside the country is permitted for

Question:	Who can vote from outside the country?
Answer(s):	b. Citizens residing outside the country
Comments:
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, article 20.
Verified:	2004/11/22

VO005

Locations for voting outside of the country

Question:	If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
Answer(s):	a. Embassies b. Consulates
Comments:
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, article 20.
Verified:	2004/11/22

VO011

Voting method

Question:	How do electors cast their votes?
Answer(s):	a. Manually marking of ballots
Comments:	a.) Using a stapm bearing the word voted "Voted".
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, article 54 (paragraph 4).
Verified:	2004/11/22

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Parties and Candidates

PC001

Registration requirements for parties (Chamber 1)

Question:	What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):	a. Signature requirement (specify requirement) c. Regional distribution requirement f. Other
Comments:	The party shall be registered at the Tribunal. 10.000 supporting signatures are required from 15 counties, with at least 300 from each county. f.) A bank account is needed.
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament. Law on Political Parties, article 17 (paragraph 1).
Verified:	2004/11/22

PC003

Registration requirements for candidates (Chamber 1)

Question:	What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):	a. Age b. Citizenship d. Residence f. Registration
Comments:	a.) 23 years
Source:	Constitution, articles 16 and 35.
Verified:	2004/11/25

PC008

Independent candidates

Question:	Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
Answer(s):	e. In both presidential and legislative elections
Comments:
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, articles: 3 (paragraph 1) and 5 (paragraph 5). Law on Election of the President, article 3.
Verified:	2004/11/25

PC012

Public funding of parties

Question:	Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
Answer(s):	b. Direct c. Indirect
Comments:
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, articles 45 and 46. Law on Political Parties, article 39.
Verified:	2004/11/25

PC015

Basis of public funding

Question:	What is the basis of the public funding?
Answer(s):	b. Based on result of previous election
Comments:
Source:	Law on Political Parties, article 39.
Verified:	2002/08/21

PC017

Private funding of parties

Question:	Are political parties entitled to private funding?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:
Source:	Law on Political Parties, article 33 (paragraph 1).
Verified:	2002/08/21

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Vote Counting

VC004

Voters are sorted/counted at

Question:	Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
Answer:	a. The polling stations
Comments:
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament, article 61.
Verified:	2009/11/04

VC011

Conditions for recount

Question:	Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
Answer(s):	a. Never recounted
Comments:
Source:	Law on Election of the Parliament
Verified:	2009/11/04

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Media and Elections

ME037

Parties receive free broadcast time based on

Question:	What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
Answer(s):	a. Equal regardless of size of party and previous performance
Comments:
Source:	Law on the Election of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, 2004, article 62.
Verified:	2005/03/30

ME059

Existence of televised debates

Question:	Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
Answer(s):	a. Yes, in presidential elections b. Yes, in legislative elections
Comments:
Source:
Verified:	2005/03/30

ME062

Blackout period for opinion polls

Question:	What is the blackout period, if any, during which results of pre-election opinion polls may not be released to the public?
Answer:	b. 2-3 days
Comments:	48 hours.
Source:	Law on the Election of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, 2004, article 66.
Verified:	2005/03/30

ME080

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Direct Democracy

DD002

Direct Democracy Provisions (National Level)

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy Procedures at the national level?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:
Source:	Constitution, 2003, Section 95 and 150-152; Law on referendums, 2000, articles 6-12. Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook (2008) http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm
Verified:	2005/03/20

DD003

Mandatory referendums (national level)

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Mandatory Referendums at the national level?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:
Source:	Constitution, 2003, Section 95 and 150-152. Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook (2008) http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm
Verified:	2005/03/20

DD004

Optional referendums (national level)

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Optional Referendums at the national level?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:
Source:	Law on referendums, 2000. Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook (2008) http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm
Verified:	2009/10/26

DD005

Citizens' Initiatives (national level)

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Citizen’s Initiatives at national level?
Answer:	b. No
Comments:
Source:	Constitution, 2003; Law on referendums, 2000. Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook (2008) http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm
Verified:	2009/10/26

DD006

Agenda Initiatives (national level)

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Agenda Initiatives at national level?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:
Source:	Constitution, 2003; Law on referendums, 2000. Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook (2008) http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm
Verified:	2009/10/26

DD007

Recalls (national level)

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Recalls at national level?
Answer:	b. No
Comments:
Source:	Constitution, 2003, Section 95. Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook (2008) http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm
Verified:	2009/10/26

DD129

Binding referenda

Question:	Are the results of referenda always binding, never binding or sometimes binding?
Answer:	a. Always binding
Comments:
Source:	Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook (2008) http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm
Verified:	2009/10/26

DD130

National referenda deal with

Question:	Are the types of issues to vote upon in a referendum constitutional changes only, other issues only or both constitutional and other issues?
Answer:	c. Both constitutional and other issues
Comments:
Source:	Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook (2008) http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm
Verified:	2009/10/26

DD131

Direct Democracy at sub-national level

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy at sub-national levels (regional or local)?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:
Source:	Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook (2008) http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm
Verified:	2009/10/26