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Direct Democracy
What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for recalls at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
Answers # Countries
% Countries
Country List
total countries/territories: 107
a . Constitutional
12 11.2 %
Benin ,
Côte d'Ivoire ,
Colombia ,
Croatia ,
Liechtenstein ,
Mali ,
Niger ,
Sierra Leone ,
Senegal ,
Uganda ,
Venezuela ,
b . Specific laws/legislation
12 11.2 %
Belarus ,
Colombia ,
Guam ,
Croatia ,
Liechtenstein ,
Niger ,
Peru ,
Philippines ,
Romania ,
Togo ,
Ukraine ,
c . Regulations
2 1.8 %
Guam ,
Peru ,
d . Other
2 1.8 %
Gambia ,
Liberia ,
e . Not applicable
86 80.3 %
Antigua and Barbuda ,
Anguilla ,
Albania ,
Argentina ,
American Samoa ,
Austria ,
Bangladesh ,
Belgium ,
Burkina Faso ,
Bulgaria ,
Bahrain ,
Bolivia ,
Bahamas ,
Botswana ,
Canada ,
Switzerland ,
Cook Islands ,
Chile ,
Czech Republic ,
Germany ,
Denmark ,
Algeria ,
Ecuador ,
Estonia ,
Egypt ,
Western Sahara ,
Eritrea ,
Spain ,
Finland ,
France ,
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland ,
Ghana ,
Greece ,
Hungary ,
Ireland ,
Israel ,
Iran, Islamic Republic of ,
Iceland ,
Italy ,
Japan ,
Kenya ,
Cambodia ,
Saint Kitts and Nevis ,
Kazakhstan ,
Lao People's Democratic Republic ,
Lebanon ,
Sri Lanka ,
Lesotho ,
Lithuania ,
Luxembourg ,
Latvia ,
Morocco ,
Moldova, Republic of ,
Montenegro ,
Madagascar ,
Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of ,
Mauritania ,
Malawi ,
Malaysia ,
Mozambique ,
Namibia ,
Norway ,
Poland ,
Palestine ,
Portugal ,
Qatar ,
Russian Federation ,
Rwanda ,
Solomon Islands ,
Seychelles ,
Sudan ,
Sweden ,
Singapore ,
Slovakia ,
Somalia ,
Thailand ,
Tunisia ,
Tonga ,
Turkey ,
Trinidad and Tobago ,
Uruguay ,
Viet Nam ,
Vanuatu ,
Yemen ,
South Africa ,
Zambia ,
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