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total countries/territories: 38
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| Country/Territory |
Answers |
Comments |
Verified |
|
Albania
|
c. Privately owned
|
Source:
Art 140 electoral Code ACEEEO questionnaire on Media and Elections, Albania
|
2012/02/21
|
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Algeria
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e. None
|
No media provide paid broadcast time or printed advertisement space for individual legislative candidates during national election campaigns.
Source:
Part 4, Section 1, Articles 172 to 182 from the Algerian Election Law.
|
2005/05/07
|
|
Australia
|
e. None
|
Although this is up to the discretion of media outlets. ABC Act 1983: provider of independent national broadcasting Service. The ABC shall not broadcast advertisements (Section 31.1). The ABC may determine to what extent and in what manner political matter or controversial matter will be broadcast (Section 79A.1).
The government owned Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) will not broadcast political matter (ie. matter that promotes a registered political party or lobbies for a change in legislation (SBS Code of Practice 5.1).
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2007/01/09
|
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Austria
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a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
|
|
2005/06/09
|
|
Azerbaijan
|
a. Publicly owned
b. Government owned
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77.2. Public Television and radio companies and periodicals that are founded by state bodies and organizations, or funded by the state budget, which air programming or are distributed in half of the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan or more
77.3 Public Television and radio companies and periodicals that are founded by state bodies and organizations, or funded by the state budget that air in less than half of the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Source:
Election Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan as amended in 2016, art. 77.1, 2, 3, art. 78.4, and art. 80: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7885/file/Azerbaijan_Election_am2017_en.pdf (2018).
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2022/02/07
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Belarus
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e. None
|
Source:
OSCE report on parliamentary elections in Belarus, 2004
ACEEEO questionnaire on Media and elections, Belarus
|
2006/04/06
|
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Belgium
|
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
|
|
2005/06/15
|
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Benin
|
c. Privately owned
|
Source:
Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
|
2005/06/30
|
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
a. Publicly owned
b. Government owned
|
Source:
Election Law of BiH, Chapter 16
|
2006/12/11
|
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Brazil
|
e. None
|
Art. 36.
§ 2º No type of paid political advertising will be allowed on radio and television.
Source:
Elections Law – Law No. 9,504, of September 30, 1997, Article 36 - 57-J:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/lei-das-eleicoes/lei-das-eleicoes-lei-nb0-9.504-de-30-de-setembro-de-1997
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2024/10/21
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Bulgaria
|
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
|
Source:
Law for Election of National Representatives Art 55; 60/2; 71;
Mihail Konstantinov, Vice-chair of the Central Election Commissions of Bulgaria for Parliamentary and for Local Elections
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2007/01/31
|
|
Canada
|
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
|
Source:
Elections Canada
|
2006/12/11
|
|
Croatia
|
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
|
Source:
Law on telecommunications
|
2005/11/14
|
|
Cyprus
|
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
|
Source:
Law 7(I)/1998 regulating radio and television stations, Art. 34D, 45(1);
OSCE Report: http://www.osce.org/el/odihr/elections/Cyprus/83083 (2012)
|
2012/04/27
|
|
Czech Republic
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a. Publicly owned
|
Source:
Act NO. 247 On Elections to the Parliament of the Czech Republic, and on Amendments of Certain Other Acts, Dated September 27, 1995
Article 16 The Election Campaign
|
2006/11/30
|
|
Djibouti
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b. Government owned
d. Owned by political parties
|
Source:
Elections in Africa
A Data Handbook.1999, Edited by Dieter Nohlen, Bernard Thibaut, and Michael Krennerich
|
2005/05/10
|
|
Egypt
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b. Government owned
|
Source:
http://www.arab-ipu.org/pdb/RelatedArticlesGvnSPName.asp?SPName=SIDX&StructuredIndexCode=ID0201010102010108&LawBookID=021020012049440
And Ministry of Information
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2008/02/04
|
|
Eritrea
|
e. None
|
|
2011/06/22
|
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Germany
|
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
|
|
2021/11/29
|
|
Kenya
|
b. Government owned
c. Privately owned
|
|
2012/03/28
|
|
Lithuania
|
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
|
Source:
Law on elections to the Seimas, article 51.
|
2005/03/29
|
|
Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of
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a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
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The media in the Republic of Macedonia are obliged to provide under equal conditions equal access on their programs in the presentations of the election programs of the candidates for Members of Parliament, political parties and groups of voters.
Source:
Art 51 Law on election of MP'S
|
2005/03/23
|
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Morocco
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e. None
|
Free of charge
Source:
Chapter 4, Sections 1, 2, and 3, Articles 285 to 295 of the Moroccan Election Law
|
2005/05/08
|
|
Niger
|
c. Privately owned
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Source:
Pr Niandou Souley Abdoulaye
|
2005/06/07
|
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Palestine
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b. Government owned
|
Source:
Articles 54 to 59, 93, and 94 Electoral Law
http://www.arab-ipu.org/pdb/RelatedArticlesGvnSPName.asp?SPName=CHRN&StructuredIndexCode=&LawBookID=021020013748088&Year1=&Year2=&YearGorH=
|
2005/06/22
|
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Portugal
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e. None
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Only political parties have the right to broadcasting time.
Source:
Electoral Law no. 14/79 of 16 May 1979 as amended, Art. 62, 63
|
2012/04/20
|
|
Romania
|
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
|
Source:
Law on the Election of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, 2004, article 57-62.
|
2005/03/30
|
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Russian Federation
|
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
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16. State TV and radio broadcasting organization shall reserve paid air time for election campaigning of political parties and candidates. The total amount of paid airtime, reserved by each nationwide broadcasting organization may not be less than the total amount of air time provided free of charge, but should not exceed it more than two times. The total amount of paid air time reserved by each regional broadcasting organization may not be less than the total amount of air time provided free of charge, but should not exceed it more than four times.
90
17. Every political party shall have the right to get airtime for a charge from the total amount by reserved nationwide broadcasting public organization in the amount not less than number obtained by dividing the total amount of reserved airtime by the total number of political parties. Each political party is entitled for a fee to get air time from the total amount reserved by regional public broadcasting organizations in the amount not less than the number obtained by dividing the half of the total amount of reserved airtime by the total number of political parties. Each registered candidate shall be entitled for a fee to get air time from the total amount in the amount not less than the number obtained by dividing the remaining half of the total reserved regional state broadcasting organization airtime by the total number of candidates.
18. Paid airtime provided public broadcasting organization in the period established by part 2 of Article 63 of this federal law. Dates and time of joint campaign events are determined in accordance with the draw, which holds by broadcasting organizations with the participation of interested stockholders on the basis of written applications for participation in the draw submitted by the authorized representatives of political parties and candidates. The draw is carried out within the period specified in part 14 of this Article.
19. Municipal TV and radio broadcasting organizations, on the conditions specified by part 14 of Article 64 of this Federal Law shall provide the political parties and candidates with paid air time for election campaigning. The total amount of airtime determines by the municipal organization of broadcasting. Dates and time of the broadcast of joint campaign activities and of each political party, each registered candidate shall be determined in accordance with the draw, which holds by the municipal organization of broadcasting with stakeholders on the basis of written applications for participation in the draw submitted by the authorized representatives of political parties and candidates. The draw is carried out within the period specified in part 14 of this Article.
22. Non-state-owned broadcasting organizations, provided the conditions set forth in part 14 of Article 64 of this Federal Law have been fulfilled, shall be obliged to offer air time for election campaign to political parties and registered candidates on equal terms. In the event non-state-owned broadcasting organizations should fail to fulfil the requirements set forth in part 14 of Article 57 of this Federal Law, they shall not be entitled to offer political parties and registered candidates air time for election campaign.
Source:
Federal Law On Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation as amended on April, 5, 2016, art. 65.
|
2016/06/07
|
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Seychelles
|
b. Government owned
c. Privately owned
d. Owned by political parties
|
Source:
http://www.freedomhouse.org/research/freeworld/2003/countryratings/seychelles.htm
|
2005/08/30
|
|
Sierra Leone
|
b. Government owned
c. Privately owned
|
|
2005/06/09
|
|
Somalia
|
c. Privately owned
|
Source:
http://www.freemedia.at/wpfr/Africa/somalia.htm
|
2005/05/04
|
|
Spain
|
c. Privately owned
|
Source:
Electoral Law 5/1985 of 19 June ("Ley Orgánica del Régimen Electoral General"), Art. 58(2)
|
2012/04/18
|
|
Sudan
|
b. Government owned
|
Source:
Article 6 of the Law to stop bad acts.
http://www.arab-ipu.org/pdb/RelatedArticlesGvnSPName.asp?SPName=CHRN&StructuredIndexCode=&LawBookID=021020015496088&Year1=&Year2=&YearGorH=
|
2006/11/20
|
|
Taiwan
|
c. Privately owned
|
The public broadcast TV station, non-profit broadcast radio station, wireless or wire TV stations may not broadcast the advertisement regarding the campaign and support of/opposition to recall.
Source:
Article 49, Civil Servants Election And Recall Act
|
2020/03/30
|
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Tunisia
|
b. Government owned
|
Source:
Articles 9, 37 and 45 of the Amendment on Tunisian Election Law.
http://www.arab-ipu.org/pdb/LoadLawBook.asp?SC=021020018498827
|
2005/05/08
|
|
Turkey
|
e. None
|
There are no paid advertisments
Source:
ACEEEO questionnaire on Media and Elections, Turkey
|
2005/03/30
|
|
Ukraine
|
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
|
Free for the candidate. Costs of the medium are reimbursed from the state budget by the EMB
Source:
Art. 32-33. and 53-54. of parliamentary electoral law
|
2006/11/20
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