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Direct Democracy

Burma (Myanmar) Burma (Myanmar)

DD002

Direct Democracy Provisions (National Level)
Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy Procedures at the national level?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments:
Source: Constitution of Myanmar, art. 436 (a), 441, 38 (b), 396: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
Verified: 2015/11/20
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD003

Mandatory referendums (national level)
Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Mandatory Referendums at the national level?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments: If it is necessary to amend the provisions of Sections 1 to 48 in Chapter I, Sections 49 to 56 in Chapter II, Sections 59 and 60 in Chapter III, Sections 74, 109, 141 and 161 in Chapter IV, Sections 200, 201, 248 and 276 in Chapter V, Sections 293, 294, 305, 314 and 320 in Chapter VI, Sections 410 to 432 in Chapter XI and Sections 436 in Chapter XII of this Constitution, it shall be amended with the prior approval of more than seventy-five percent of all the representatives of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, after which in a nation-wide referendum only with the votes of more than half of those who are eligible to vote.
Source: Constitution of Myanmar, art. 436 (a): http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015)
Verified: 2015/11/20
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD004

Optional referendums (national level)
Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Optional Referendums at the national level?
Answer: b. No
Comments:
Source: Constitution of Myanmar: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
Verified: 2015/11/20
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD005

Citizens' Initiatives (national level)
Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Citizen’s Initiatives at national level?
Answer: b. No
Comments:
Source: Constitution of Myanmar: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
Verified: 2015/11/20
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD006

Agenda Initiatives (national level)
Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Agenda Initiatives at national level?
Answer: b. No
Comments:
Source: Constitution of Myanmar: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
Verified: 2015/11/20
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD007


Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Recalls at national level?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments: A representative of the Hluttaw may be recalled on any of the following reasons: (1) high treason; (2) breach of any provision of this Constitution; (3) misbehavior; (4) disqualification prescribed in this Constitution for the Hluttaw representative; (5) inefficient discharge of duties assigned to. A minimum of one percent out of the original voters of the electorate of the constituency concerned shall submit the complaint to the Union Election Commission against the Hluttaw representative on whom it wishes to recall.
Source: Constitution of Myanmar, art. 38 (a), 396: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
Verified: 2015/11/20
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD129


Question:Are the results of referenda always binding, never binding or sometimes binding?
Answer: a. Always binding
Comments: Certain constitutional provisions shall be amended with the prior approval of more than seventy-five percent of all the representatives of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, after which in a nation-wide referendum only with the votes of more than half of those who are eligible to vote.
Source: Constitution of Myanmar, art. 436 (a): http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
Verified: 2015/11/20
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD130


Question:Are the types of issues to vote upon in a referendum constitutional changes only, other issues only or both constitutional and other issues?
Answer: a. Constitutional changes only
Comments:
Source: Constitution of Myanmar, art. 436 (a), 441: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
Verified: 2015/11/20
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD131


Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy at sub-national levels (regional or local)?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments: If there arises a cause to re-delineate the territorial boundary of a Region or a State, the prior consent of the electorate residing within the township concerned shall be obtained. If more than half of the total number of eligible voters residing within the township concerned cast assenting vote for re-delineation of the territorial boundary, the consent of the Hluttaw representatives of the Region or State involved in the territorial boundary concerned shall be obtained.
Source: Constitution of Myanmar, art. 53 (a): http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
Verified: 2015/11/20
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
The data on this page is continuously updated. Additional, but potentially outdated material is available here.