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Direct Democracy

What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are mandatory at the national level?


Answers # Countries % Countries Country List
total countries/territories: 124
a. Constitutional amendments 65 52.4% Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, American Samoa, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Benin, Bahamas, Botswana, Congo (Kinshasa), Democratic Republic of the, Congo (Brazzaville), Switzerland, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Germany, Djibouti, Denmark, Ecuador, Estonia, Ethiopia, Micronesia, Federated States of, Ghana, Gambia, Ireland, Iraq, Iran, Islamic Republic of, Japan, Kiribati, Comoros, Korea, Republic of, Sri Lanka, Liberia, Lesotho, Lithuania, Latvia, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Malawi, Mozambique, Niger, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Romania, Seychelles, Sweden, Singapore, Slovakia, Sierra Leone, Senegal, Somalia, Swaziland, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, Uganda, Venezuela, Vanuatu, Zambia, Zimbabwe,
b. Adoption of international treaties 12 9.6% Central African Republic, Switzerland, Denmark, Lithuania, Niger, Panama, Palau, Russian Federation, Sweden, Slovakia, Senegal, Uganda,
c. Transfer of authority to international bodies 12 9.6% Austria, Central African Republic, Switzerland, Denmark, Liberia, Lithuania, Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of, Niger, Palau, Sweden, Slovakia, Uganda,
d. National sovereignity, national self-determination 17 13.7% Austria, Congo (Kinshasa), Democratic Republic of the, Central African Republic, Congo (Brazzaville), Switzerland, Eritrea, Gambia, Croatia, Liberia, Montenegro, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Philippines, Palau, Senegal, Uganda,
e. Conflict between constitutional organs 4 3.2% American Samoa, Niger, Senegal, Uganda,
f. Devolution 8 6.4% Congo (Kinshasa), Democratic Republic of the, Congo (Brazzaville), Switzerland, Germany, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Uganda,
g. Civil service 3 2.4% American Samoa, Palau, Uganda,
h. Taxes and public expenditure commitments 6 4.8% American Samoa, Switzerland, Ecuador, Singapore, Swaziland, Uganda,
i. Other public policy issues 8 6.4% Ecuador, Latvia, Puerto Rico, Swaziland, Tunisia, Ukraine, Uganda, Vanuatu,
j. Other (specify) 24 19.3% Antigua and Barbuda, Azerbaijan, Burkina Faso, Benin, Switzerland, Colombia, Denmark, Gambia, Iceland, Sri Lanka, Montenegro, Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of, Mauritania, Mozambique, Nigeria, Peru, Palau, Russian Federation, Rwanda, El Salvador, Swaziland, Uruguay, Vanuatu,
k. None 15 12.0% Albania, Bahrain, Belarus, Chile, Cape Verde, Algeria, Finland, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Liechtenstein, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Togo, Timor-Leste,
l. Not applicable 30 24.1% Afghanistan, Anguilla, Angola, Argentina, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Greece, Guam, Israel, Italy, Kenya, Cambodia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Moldova, Republic of, Maldives, Malaysia, Namibia, Solomon Islands, Sweden, Turkmenistan, Tonga, Viet Nam, South Africa,


Note:This is an XLS file and is safe to run on new versions of Excel.