|
Pays/territoires 100
|
|---|
| Pays/Territoire |
Réponses |
Réponses |
Vérifié |
|
Afrique du Sud
|
a. Toujours
|
|
2006/10/17
|
|
Albanie
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Art 118 et seq. Electoral Code
|
2005/03/17
|
|
Algérie
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Article 175, Constitution
|
2005/04/29
|
|
Andorre
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
|
2006/10/26
|
|
Argentine
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2021/12/26
|
|
Arménie
|
a. Toujours
|
If the question put up referendum is accepted
Article 113.
The draft put up for a referendum is considered accepted if over half of the participants in
the voting, but no less than one third of the citizens included in the voting lists, vote for it.
|
2005/03/30
|
|
Australie
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
|
2006/10/30
|
|
Autriche
|
a. Toujours
|
Note that there is an additional category of a referendum, the so-called Volksbefragung, which is not binding. See comment under A.1.1.
Source:
Art. 41 ff B-VG.
|
2005/04/26
|
|
Azerbaïdjan
|
a. Toujours
|
|
2006/10/30
|
|
Bahamas
|
d. Sans objet
|
Source:
The Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas (CCB)
|
2006/11/15
|
|
Bahreïn
|
c. Jamais
|
The King has the final decision
Source:
constitution
|
2005/05/01
|
|
Bangladesh
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2006/11/27
|
|
Belarus
|
a. Toujours
|
the referendum was valid, and a decision is passed, it is binding.
Source:
Art 121 Electoral Code
|
2005/03/25
|
|
Belgique
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2012/05/04
|
|
Bolivie
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Dr Salvador Romero Ballivian, Presidente, Corte Nacional Electoral
|
2007/01/12
|
|
Bosnie-et-Herzégovine
|
a. Toujours
|
Once the legislative body reaches decision to organise a referendum, its final result is binding. Initiatives can be included in an agenda of the session of Parliamentary Committee, which will be decided by the members of that Committee (further, it can also be discussed at the plenary session of the Parliament).
|
2006/11/04
|
|
Botswana
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2006/10/17
|
|
Brésil
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988, Article 14, 49:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/constituicao-federal/constituicao-da-republica-federativa-do-brasil
Law on Elections, Law No. 9,504, September 30, 1997:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/lei-das-eleicoes/lei-das-eleicoes-lei-nb0-9.504-de-30-de-setembro-de-1997
Law No. 9,709, of November 18, 1998:
https://www.planalto.gov.br/Ccivil_03/leis/L9709.htm
Plebiscite and Referendum:
http://www.tse.jus.br/eleicoes/plebiscitos-e-referendos
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Bulgarie
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
b) Unless a special law requires an additional approval.
Source:
Law for referendums, article 3
|
2006/11/03
|
|
Burkina
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Assemblee Nationale
|
2005/04/12
|
|
Bénin
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
Lorsque la cour constitutionnelle tranche définitivement toutes les reclamations.
Source:
Voir Chapitre 7(intitule:Du controle de la regularite du referendum et la proclamation des resultats) de la loi N°91-009 du 4 mars 1991 portant loi organique sur la cour constitutionnelle modifiee par la loi du 17 juin 1997 et mise en conformite avec la constitution le 11 juillet 2000.
|
2005/05/06
|
|
Cambodge
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2006/11/06
|
|
Canada
|
c. Jamais
|
|
2006/12/10
|
|
Cap-Vert
|
a. Toujours
|
C:ChII:108 " 7. The result of a referendum shall be abided by all organs of political power, as well as by public and private entities"
Source:
The Constitution of the Republic of Cape Verde, article 108
|
2006/11/27
|
|
Chili
|
a. Toujours
|
|
2005/04/05
|
|
Chypre
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2012/04/26
|
|
Croatie
|
c. Jamais
|
Source:
Mr. Damir Azenic, GONG
|
2005/11/14
|
|
Côte d'Ivoire
|
c. Jamais
|
Source:
DOGOU ALAIN, Rapporteur de la sous commission des operations electorales de la COMMISSION ELECTORALE INDEPENDANTE
|
2005/04/07
|
|
Danemark
|
a. Toujours
|
|
2006/11/28
|
|
Espagne
|
c. Jamais
|
|
2012/04/18
|
|
Estonie
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
The Constitution of the Republic of Estonia, art. 105(3)
|
2006/11/29
|
|
Finlande
|
c. Jamais
|
The referendum is always consultative.
Source:
The Constitution 53 §.
|
2005/04/13
|
|
Gambie
|
a. Toujours
|
|
2006/11/09
|
|
Ghana
|
d. Sans objet
|
Source:
1992 Constitution
|
2005/12/15
|
|
Grèce
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Article 44 (2) of the Constitution.
|
2005/06/28
|
|
Guam
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Gerald A. Taitano, Executive Director, Guam Election Commission
|
2007/01/10
|
|
Géorgie
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2024/07/24
|
|
Hongrie
|
a. Toujours
|
b) When the turnout and approval quorum is fulfilled.
C:28/C "(6) A national ratification referendum shall be considered successful if more than half of the votes of the citizens voting are valid, but at least more than one-quarter of all eligible voters have given the same answer in the referendum."
Source:
The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/C(6)
|
2006/12/01
|
|
Iran
|
a. Toujours
|
|
2016/01/23
|
|
Israël
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2015/03/15
|
|
Italie
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
b) When it has been promulgated; it passes only when it is approved with quorum.
Source:
Constitution, Art. 75
|
2012/04/17
|
|
Japon
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2006/12/25
|
|
Kazakhstan
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Articles 34 and 35, Law on Referendum
|
2020/05/04
|
|
Kiribati
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2020/05/03
|
|
Lesotho
|
d. Sans objet
|
There are no provisions for optional referendums in Lesotho.
|
2015/03/15
|
|
Lettonie
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Constitution, 1922; Law on National Referendums and Legislative Initiatives, 1994.
|
2005/03/21
|
|
Liberia
|
a. Toujours
|
Constitution
|
2005/09/30
|
|
Liechtenstein
|
a. Toujours
|
|
2005/05/03
|
|
Lituanie
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
b) When the referendum initiated by the citizens or the parliament and does not relate to the amendment of any laws but it concerns issues of social importance.
Source:
Republic of Lithuania Law on Referendum, last amended on 6 May 2014 — No XII-860, art. 2
|
2006/11/17
|
|
Macédoine, ARYM
|
a. Toujours
|
In case of optional referenda the law speaks about the effects of a decision. A decision is defined in Art 23. A decision is adopted by the majority of votes if half of all of the voters have voted.
All effects of the referendum is bound to the decision. The effects are the following ones: The Assembly is obliged to pass a law, if on a referendum the voters decided for passing a law.
The Assembly not passes a law, if on a referendum the voters decided against passing a law, or against the method of regulating certain issue, which would be contrary to the results of the referendum, nor it shall repeat the referendum on the same issue before the expiration of one year from the referendum.
The Assembly is obliged within 60 days from holding the referendum to regulate the issue or the law that has been decided about on the referendum, in accordance with the results from the referendum.
Source:
Law on Referendum and civil initiative, Official Gazette of RM no. 24/98, art. 23
https://www.legislationline.org/documents/id/5640
|
2020/04/23
|
|
Malaisie
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2007/01/07
|
|
Maldives
|
c. Jamais
|
|
2006/12/30
|
|
Mali
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Titre XVII, article 122 de la constittution
|
2005/06/05
|
|
Malte
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
b) Only where referenda are of the abrogative type.
Source:
Art. 20 of the Referenda Act (Cap. 237)
|
2006/11/22
|
|
Maroc
|
c. Jamais
|
Source:
Articles, 103, 104, and 105, Constitution
|
2005/05/02
|
|
Micronésie
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
Source:
Johnathan John, Director, FSM Elections
|
2007/01/08
|
|
Moldova, Rép.de
|
d. Sans objet
|
Source:
Kare Vollan, Director, Quality AS
|
2021/03/30
|
|
Mozambique
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2006/10/16
|
|
Namibie
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
b) When it is promulgated; it is passed when it it is approved with quorum. C:132 "(3)(c) If upon the holding of such a referendum the bill containing the proposed repeals and/or amendments is approved by a two- thirds majority of all the votes cast in the referendum, the bill shall be deemed to have been passed in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution, and the President shall deal it in terms of Article 56."
Source:
The Constitution of the Republic of Namibia, Chapter 19, Article 132, Section 3 (a) "Repeal and Amendment of the Constitution
|
2006/11/16
|
|
Niger
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Code electoral article 130
|
2005/06/06
|
|
Nigeria
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2006/12/30
|
|
Norvège
|
c. Jamais
|
Source:
Kare Vollan, Director, Quality AS
|
2007/01/07
|
|
Nouvelle-Zélande
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2024/07/12
|
|
Ouganda
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
http://www.ugandaobserver.com/today/archives/2004arch/news/oct/news200410212.php
|
2005/08/24
|
|
Paraguay
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
b) This is decided by Congress and regulated by law.
C:TII:ChX:121 "A legislative referendum, approved by law, can be either binding or nonbinding. A law will regulate this institution."
C:TIV:290 "[...] (3) If the amendment has been approved by the two chambers of Congress, the full text of it will be submitted to the Superior Electoral Court, which, within a period of 180 days will call a referendum. If the outcome of the referendum is in favor of the amendment, it will be considered that it has been approved and promulgated and considered part of the Constitution."
EL:259 "The authorization for calling the voters for a legislative referendum, in any of its types, consultive or binding, is an exclusive duty of Congress…."
Source:
The 1992 Constitution of the Republic of Paraguay, art. II:X:121, IV:290; the Electoral Law, art. 259
|
2006/12/31
|
|
Pays-Bas
|
c. Jamais
|
The outcome of the referendum can never be binding. This would be a violation of the statutory regulations in the Dutch Constitution.
Source:
Article 81 of the Constitution.
|
2005/09/06
|
|
Pologne
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
If there is 50% support.
Source:
Act on all-national referendum of 14 March 2003
Journal of Laws of the Republic of Poland No 57 of 2 April 2003
|
2006/12/25
|
|
Portugal
|
a. Toujours
|
|
2005/04/20
|
|
Qatar
|
a. Toujours
|
C:75 "The Emir shall seek public opinion on important issues pertaining to the interests of the State in a referendum. The subject of such referendum shall be deemed acceptable if acknowledged by the majority of voters; and the results of the referendum shall be binding and effective from the date of its announcement. The results shall be published in the official Gazette."
Source:
The 2003 Constitution of Qatar, art. 75
|
2006/12/31
|
|
Roumanie
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Constitution, 2003, Section 95 and 150-152; Law on referendums, 2000, article 1-12.
|
2005/03/20
|
|
Royaume-Uni
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
When specified in the legislation This has never happened to date, the referendums to date in the UK, even prior to the Political Parties Elections and Referendums Act were all advisory.
Source:
Political Parties Elections and Referendums Act 2000
|
2012/05/09
|
|
Russie
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Federal Constitutional Act on the Referendum of Russian Federation of 2004. N 5/FK3 . Art.83.(2).
|
2016/06/09
|
|
Rwanda
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/RW/rwanda-organic-law-nb0-17-2003-of-07-07-2003/view
|
2018/11/02
|
|
République tchèque
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
b) Only one referendum has been held (on the EU accession) and this was binding. Not regulated.
Source:
Article 5(2) Constitutional Act on referendum, No. 515/2002 Coll.
|
2006/11/27
|
|
Sahara Occidental
|
c. Jamais
|
Source:
Articles 156 and 157, Constitution
|
2009/08/14
|
|
Saint Christophe-et-Nevis
|
a. Toujours
|
|
2020/04/26
|
|
Seychelles
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
article 91(1) of constitution
|
2005/08/30
|
|
Sierra Leone
|
c. Jamais
|
NOT PART OF SIERRA LEONE LAWS
|
2005/06/13
|
|
Singapour
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2007/01/07
|
|
Slovaquie
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
Source:
The Constitution of the Slovak Republic (1992), Art. 99
|
2006/12/10
|
|
Slovénie
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
art. 90 of the Constitution
|
2005/04/14
|
|
Soudan
|
c. Jamais
|
The President has the final decision
Source:
Article 66 and 128, Constitution
|
2005/05/03
|
|
Sri Lanka
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
b) When the referendum is valid and passed.
C:80 "(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) of this Article, a Bill passed by Parliament shall become law when the certificate of the Speaker is endorsed thereon. (2) Where the Cabinet of Ministers has certified that any Bill or any provision thereof is intended to be submitted for approval by the People at a Referendum or where the Supreme Court has determined that a Bill or any provision thereof requires the approval of the People at a Referendum or where any Bill is submitted to the People by Referendum under paragraph (2) of Article 85, such Bill or such provision shall become law upon being approved by the People at a Referendum in accordance with paragraph (3) of Article 85 only when the President certifies that the Bill or provision thereof has been so approved. The President shall endorse on every Bill so approved a certificate in the following form : - “This Bill/provision has been 21[duly approved by the People at a Referendum.” No such certificate shall be endorsed by the President on a Bill – (a) in any case where no petition is filed challenging the validity of the referendum at which such bill was approved by the People, until after the expiration of the period within which a petition may be filed, under the law applicable in that behalf, challenging the validity of such referendum: (b) in any case where a petition is filed challenging the validity of the Referendum at which such Bill was approved by the People, until after the Supreme Court determines that such Referendum was valid.]"
C:85 "(3) Any Bill or any provision in any Bill submitted to the People by Referendum shall be deemed to be approved by the People if approved by an absolute majority of the valid votes cast at such Referendum: Provided that when the total number of valid votes cast does not exceed two-thirds of the whole number of electors entered in the register of electors, such Bill shall be deemed to be approved only if approved by not less than one-third of the whole number of such electors."
Source:
The Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 80 and 85(3): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LK/sri-lanka-constitution-as-amended-up-to-9/at_download/file
|
2016/02/15
|
|
Suisse
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 141, 142;
Electoral Law of 17 December 1976 regulating political rights, Art. 15: Official website of the Swiss administration: http://www.admin.ch/ch/f/rs/161_1/index.html (2012)
|
2012/05/14
|
|
Suède
|
c. Jamais
|
Swedish referendums are always optional, but can be either advisory or decisive. For the advisory referendums no special requirements are necessary for the referendum to pass the alternative receiving most votes will win. There is no formal obligation for the Parliament to follow the result of such a referendum, but there is most often a promise made by the political parties represented in Parliament to respect the will of the people (you could say that they are semi-decisive in this respect). However, special provisions are at hand for a decisive referendum, which is the type referred to, and described under B.2.1 above.
Source:
The Instrument of the Government Ch. 8, Section 4: Official Website of the Parliament: http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Start/Bestall/Sprakversioner/English---engelska1/Sveriges-grundlagar-och-riksdagsordningen1/ (2012);
Act on National Referenda (SFS 1979:369): http://www.sweden.gov.se/content/1/c6/06/97/09/436f8d27.pdf (2012
|
2012/05/16
|
|
Sénégal
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Article 108 de la Constitution
|
2005/06/06
|
|
Taïwan
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Article 29, Referendum Act
|
2020/03/31
|
|
Timor-Leste
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
b) When the turnout quorum is achieved.
C:66 "4. A referendum shall only be binding where the number of voters is higher than half of the registered electors."
Source:
The 2002 Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste, art. 66:4
|
2007/01/05
|
|
Togo
|
b. Sous certaines circonstances (précisez ci-dessous)
|
Lorsque la demande émane du peuple ou du président de la république.
Source:
Constitution 1992 titre 1 article 4 alinea 3.
|
2005/05/12
|
|
Tonga
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2021/09/15
|
|
Tunisie
|
c. Jamais
|
The President has the final decision
Source:
Articles 2, 47 and 72 of Constitution
|
2005/05/03
|
|
Turkménistan
|
a. Toujours
|
a) The decision can only be revised by decision of another referendum.
C:SecV:94 "To decide the most important questions of governmental and social life, general and local referenda may be conducted. An act adopted by decision of a referendum may only be repealed by decision of a general referendum."
|
2007/01/06
|
|
Turquie
|
a. Toujours
|
Source:
Art 175 Constitution
|
2015/06/01
|
|
Uruguay
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2006/04/11
|
|
Viêt Nam
|
d. Sans objet
|
|
2021/03/25
|
|
Yémen
|
c. Jamais
|
The President has the final decision
Source:
Articles 156 and 157, Constitution
|
2005/05/03
|
|
Zimbabwe
|
d. Sans objet
|
Source:
Maureen Nthabiseng Moloi, EISA
|
2018/10/31
|
|
Égypte
|
c. Jamais
|
They are only opinions; the president has the final decision
Source:
Articles 36 and 37, Political Rights Law.
Article 62, Constitution
|
2025/09/30
|
|
Îles Cook
|
d. Sans objet
|
Source:
Teokoati Joseph, Chief Probation Officer, Probation Service – Ministry of Justice
|
2007/01/08
|
|
Îles Salomon
|
d. Sans objet
|
Source:
David Clark, Electoral Capacity Development Coordinator, Solomon Islands Election Commission
|
2007/01/09
|
