|
total países/territorios: 236
|
|---|
| País/Territorio |
Respuestas |
Respuestas |
Verificado |
|
Afganistán
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of Afghanistan, art. 60: http://www.afghanembassy.com.pl/afg/images/pliki/TheConstitution.pdf (2015).
|
2019/09/24
|
|
Albania
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Albania, art. 86-94
|
2017/05/17
|
|
Alemania
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 54 - 61
https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_gg/englisch_gg.pdf
|
2025/03/06
|
|
Andorra
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Principality of Andorra, Art.43-49: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/AD/andorra-constitution-1993-1/
|
2023/06/09
|
|
Angola
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of 3 February 2010: art. 108: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Angola_2010?lang=en (2017)
|
2017/03/28
|
|
Anguila
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 19-22
|
2015/02/24
|
|
Antigua y Barbuda
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 22 & 68
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/AG/Antigua%20and%20Barbuda%20-%20Constitution/view
|
2014/06/06
|
|
Antillas Holandesas
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/nt.html
|
2009/11/12
|
|
Arabia Saudí
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
The Basic Law of Governance, art. 5: http://www.boe.gov.sa/ViewSystemDetails.aspx?lang=en&SystemID=4 (2012)
|
2012/08/20
|
|
Argelia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 70: https://www.joradp.dz/trv/fcons.pdf (2017)
|
2019/09/25
|
|
Argentina
|
a. Sí
|
El Poder Ejecutivo de la Nación Argentina recae en el Presidente. Se le elige en conjunto con la vicepresidencia para un periodo de cuatro (4) años, con la posibilidad de una sola reelección inmediata, tras la cual debe mediar un periodo intermedio para aspirar nuevamente al cargo. Debe obtener más del 45% de los votos válidos, o alcanzar el 40% y que exista una diferencia de diez (10) puntos porcentuales respecto de la segunda fórmula más votada. De ser necesaria la segunda vuelta, ésta debe celebrarse en el transcurso de los siguientes treinta (30) días.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución de la Nación Argentina — Ley 24430, texto oficial ordenado”, art. 87, 90, 94, 99: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/AR/argentina-constitucion-nacional-reformas-1994/ (2019);
Electoral Code: “Código Electoral Nacional — Ley 19945”, art. 148–151: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/AR/argentina-ley-19945-codigo-electoral-nacional-2019/ (2019)
|
2021/12/26
|
|
Armenia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Armenia (2015), art. 123:
http://www.president.am/en/constitution-2015/
|
2017/04/12
|
|
Aruba
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/aa.html
|
2017/07/07
|
|
Australia
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Australia's Constitution of 1901, chapter 2, art 61: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Senate/Powers_practice_n_procedures/Constitution
|
2024/09/09
|
|
Austria
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 60-68
|
2017/07/07
|
|
Azerbaiyán
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan (1995) including amendments, article 99: https://president.az/en/pages/view/azerbaijan/constitution
|
2024/11/12
|
|
Bahamas
|
b. No
|
The executive authority is exercised on behalf of Her Majesty by the Governor General.
Fuente:
Constitution: Sections 32,71 and 73
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Bahamas_2002?lang=en
(2017)
|
2017/03/27
|
|
Bahráin
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 33: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Bahrain_2017
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Bangladesh
|
a. Sí
|
The President is elected by Chamber 1.
Fuente:
Constitution of Bangladesh, Art. 48-54
http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/research/bangladesh-constitution.pdf
|
2012/05/30
|
|
Barbados
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 28 & 63
|
2010/03/19
|
|
Belice
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution: “Belize Constitution, Chapter 4”, Section 30 & 36: aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BZ/belize-en/regions/americas/BZ/belize-constitution-2022/
|
2025/03/24
|
|
Benín
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 42 - 54
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2012)
Law 2005-26 of 6 August 2010 regulating the election of the President of the Republic, art. 1, 2
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-presidentielle-2011.pdf (2012)
|
2019/04/05
|
|
Bermudas
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 17
|
2012/05/31
|
|
Bielorrusia
|
a. Sí
|
El presidente de la República de Belarús es el jefe de Estado, el garante de la Constitución de la República de Belarús, los derechos y libertades del hombre y del ciudadano.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitution of the Republic of Belarus”, art. 79–89: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/BY/belarus-constitution-2021-english/
|
2023/09/13
|
|
Bolivia
|
a. Sí
|
El periodo de mandato presidencial es de cinco (5) años, con posibilidad de reelección por un periodo adicional inmediato.
Fuente:
Constitution: "Constitución Política del Estado", art. 168: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BO/bolivia-constitucion-politica-del-estado-vigente/ (2019).
|
2024/12/09
|
|
Bosnia y Herczegovina
|
a. Sí
|
The Members of the Presidency shall appoint from their Members a Chair. For the first term of the Presidency, the Chair shall be the Member who received the highest number of votes. Thereafter, the method of selecting the Chair, by rotation or otherwise, shall be determined by the Parliamentary Assembly, subject to Article IV.3.
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina, art. 5.
http://www.ccbh.ba/osnovni-akti/ustav/?title=clan-5
|
2025/06/23
|
|
Botsuana
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of Botswana art. 30, 32, 34, 47: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/BW/botswana-constitution-of-1966-with-amendments-up/view (2014).
|
2014/10/24
|
|
Brasil
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988, Article 76, 77, 78:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/constituicao-federal/constituicao-da-republica-federativa-do-brasil
|
2024/10/22
|
|
Brunéi Darussalam
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 4: http://publicofficialsfinancialdisclosure.worldbank.org/fdl/sites/fdl/files/assets/law-library-files/Brunei_Constitution_1959_amended%202011_EN.pdf (2013)
|
2013/03/18
|
|
Bulgaria
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria, art. 92-104
http://www.parliament.bg/en/const (2014)
|
2014/10/01
|
|
Burkina Faso
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution as amended in 2012, art. 36 - 60: http://www.ceni.bf/sites/default/files/constitution-revisee-juin-2012.pdf (2012)
|
2015/12/04
|
|
Burma (Myanmar)
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of Myanmar, Art. 16, 57 - 73: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
|
2015/11/17
|
|
Burundi
|
a. Sí
|
President and Head of Government: Pierre Nkurunziza.
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 96, 102: https://acbc.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl441/files/Legislation/Countries%20legislations/BURUNDI/Constitution%20of%20Burundi%20of%20_2018_compressed.pdf
|
2015/05/19
|
|
Bután
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution of Bhutan, Articles 1-2: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Bhutan_2008
|
2024/08/27
|
|
Bélgica
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
The Belgian Constitution, Article 85
http://www.dekamer.be/kvvcr/pdf_sections/publications/constitution/GrondwetUK.pdf
The Belgian Constitution, Article 96
http://www.dekamer.be/kvvcr/pdf_sections/publications/constitution/GrondwetUK.pdf
|
2019/04/25
|
|
Cabo Verde
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of Cape Verde as amended in 2010, art. 109 - 114, 125 - 139:
https://www.parlamento.cv/Constituicao/ (2026)
|
2026/04/04
|
|
Camboya
|
b. No
|
Cambodia exercises the parliamentary regime.
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 7: http://www.ccc.gov.kh/detail_info_en.php?_txtID=791.
|
2023/10/11
|
|
Camerún
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Article. 6, (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
|
2018/11/05
|
|
Canadá
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution Acts of Canada, 1867-1982
http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/PDF/CONST_E.pdf
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Chad
|
a. Sí
|
Idriss Déby Itno is the President. He took power in 1990 by coup. He was reelected on the 3rd of May 2006 for a 5 years term.
Fuente:
Constitution as amended by Constitutional Law n° 008/PR/2005, art. 60, 61, 66: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Chad_2005.pdf?lang=en (2016)
|
2019/04/23
|
|
Chile
|
a. Sí
|
La gestión del Presidente de la República dura 4 años y no tiene derecho a reelección inmediata.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de Chile (2017)”, art. 24 - 32:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CL/chile-constitucion-politica-de-la-republica-de-1/
|
2025/03/03
|
|
China
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 79-84
|
2012/06/04
|
|
Chipre
|
a. Sí
|
El Presidente es elegido directamente, por sufragio universal y secreto, para un mandato de cinco años. Actualmente, el presidente de Chipre es Nikos Anastasiadis, electo en los comicios de 2013.
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 36-60:
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Cyprus_2013
|
2026/03/24
|
|
Chipre (del Norte)
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 5
|
2012/06/07
|
|
Colombia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitución: “Constitución Política de Colombia”, art. 188-199: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CO/colombia-constitucion-politica-de-colombia-2016
|
2024/12/11
|
|
Comoras
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 12 - 18: http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/com128670.pdf (2016)
|
2025/09/30
|
|
Congo (Brazzaville)
|
a. Sí
|
1997, President Denis Sassou Ngouesso took power by coup and in 2002 he was directly elected in general elections as president
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 56: http://www.presidence.cg/files/my_files/constit200102.pdf (2017)
|
2017/03/29
|
|
Congo (Kinshasa), República Democrática del
|
a. Sí
|
Joseph Kabila actual President was elected for 5 years as President.
Fuente:
Constitution (2015), Art. 69: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CD/rdc-constitution-2011-english-version/view
|
2018/11/09
|
|
Corea del Norte
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of DPRK, Preamble
|
2014/06/23
|
|
Corea del Sur
|
a. Sí
|
The President is the Head of State.
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Korea: https://elaw.klri.re.kr/eng_service/lawView.do?lang=ENG&hseq=1
|
2024/08/28
|
|
Costa Rica
|
a. Sí
|
Toma posesión de su cargo el día 8 de mayo del año de la elección y, terminado el periodo constitucional, cesan por ese mismo hecho su ejercicio.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de Costa Rica”, art. 136: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CR/costa-rica-constitucion-politica-reformas-2015.pdf/
|
2018/01/24
|
|
Costa de Marfil
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution de la République de Côte d'Ivoire (2000), art.34: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CI/cote-divoire-constitution-du-23-juillet-2000/view
|
2016/11/30
|
|
Croacia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitution of the Republic of Croatia as revised in 2013, art. 94.
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Croatia_2013?lang=en
|
2020/07/02
|
|
Cuba
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República de Cuba (2019)”, art. 125: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CU/cuba-constitucion-2019-ace/
|
2023/09/11
|
|
Dinamarca
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Pt. 3 Sec. 14
|
2019/05/22
|
|
Dominica
|
a. Sí
|
Elected by the House of Assembly. The President serves for a term of five years.
Fuente:
Constitution, Sections 18 - 28: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DM/dominica-constitution-of-the-commonwealth-of/view (2014).
|
2014/12/16
|
|
Ecuador
|
a. Sí
|
El periodo de mandato del Presidente es de cuatro años, con posibilidad de reelección.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República del Ecuador”, art. 144: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/EC/ecuador-constitucion-2020/
|
2025/03/13
|
|
Egipto
|
a. Sí
|
"The Head of State is the President of the Republic."
Fuente:
Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt 2014, art. 139:
http://www.sis.gov.eg/Newvr/Dustor-en001.pdf (2014).
|
2025/09/23
|
|
El Salvador
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de El Salvador”, art. 80, 150 & 154: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/SV/el-salvador-constitucion-2014/ ;
Electoral Law: “Decreto No. 413 — Código Electoral”, art. 2: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/SV/el-salvador-recopilacion-legislacion-electoral-2021/
|
2024/12/19
|
|
Emiratos Árabes Unidos
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 51 - 54: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/United_Arab_Emirates_2009?lang=en
|
2019/09/25
|
|
Eritrea
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 39 - 45
|
2009/12/02
|
|
Eslovaquia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
The Constitution of the Slovak Republic, Article 101: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/SK/constitution-of-the-slovak-republic-as-amended-to/view
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Eslovenia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 102
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Slovenia_2013?lang=en
|
2026/04/03
|
|
España
|
a. Sí
|
En tanto el presidente de un nuevo gobierno no sea elegido por el Congreso de los Diputados, continúa en funciones el del anterior.
Fuente:
Constitution: "Constitución Española", art. 99:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/ES/espana-constitucion-espanola-2011-2016/
|
2025/04/01
|
|
Estados Unidos
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Article II, Section 1, United States Constitution
|
2024/09/30
|
|
Estonia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: The Constitution of the Republic of Estonia with latest amendment on 6 May 2015, § 77-85.
|
2019/02/19
|
|
Etiopía
|
a. Sí
|
The President of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia is the Head of State
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 69 - 71
|
2015/05/18
|
|
Filipinas
|
a. Sí
|
The executive power is vested in the President of the Philippines.
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. VII:
http://www.gov.ph/constitutions/1987-constitution/#article-vii (2016)
http://www.asianlii.org/ph/legis/const/1987/8.html (2016)
|
2019/04/24
|
|
Finlandia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Sections 54 - 59: http://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/kaannokset/1999/en19990731.pdf (2012)
|
2019/04/02
|
|
Fiyi
|
a. Sí
|
The Bose Levu Vakaturaga (Great Council of Chiefs) submits names to the Prime Minister who appoints.
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 81 - 89: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/FJ/fiji-constitution-2013/at_download/file (2014).
|
2026/04/03
|
|
Francia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 5 - 19
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/France_2008?lang=en
|
2020/06/20
|
|
Gabón
|
a. Sí
|
EL HADJ OMAR BONG is the Head of State since 1967. In November 2005, he was reelected as president for a seven year term.
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 8 - 27
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Gabon_1997?lang=en
(2017)
|
2017/03/24
|
|
Gambia
|
a. Sí
|
President Yahya A.J.J. Jammeh
Fuente:
Constitution, Chapter V, part 3, section 49 & Chapter VI, part 1, section 61: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Gambia_2004?lang=en (2017)
|
2017/03/21
|
|
Georgia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of Georgia, art. 49:
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Georgia_2018?lang=en
|
2024/07/24
|
|
Ghana
|
a. Sí
|
The president of the Country is both the head of state and head of Government.
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Ghana (1996), art. 57:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GH/ghana-constitution-1992-with-amendments-through/view
|
2016/09/19
|
|
Gibraltar
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Chapter II, Article, 19
https://www.gibraltarlaws.gov.gi/constitution/Gibraltar_Constitution_Order_2006.pdf
|
2009/12/03
|
|
Granada
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Grenada Constitution 1973, art. 19 and 58
|
2011/06/28
|
|
Grecia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 30-50
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Greece_2008?lang=en
|
2020/07/25
|
|
Groenlandia
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution (Denmark), Art. 1-3
|
2012/06/14
|
|
Guam
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Organic Act of Guam, 1421 (a) ;
1 Guam Code 400:
https://law.justia.com/codes/guam/2019/title-1/chapter-4/
|
2020/10/28
|
|
Guatemala
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de Guatemala”, art. 182 & 184: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/GT/constitucion/guatemala-constitucion-politica-2012/ —
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Guatemala_1993.pdf
|
2023/05/29
|
|
Guernsey
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gk.html
|
2009/12/04
|
|
Guinea
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution (2010), art. 45: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GN/guinea-constitution-2010-english-version/
|
2017/01/26
|
|
Guinea Ecuatorial
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution as amended by referendum of 23 November 2011, art. 33 - 45
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Equatorial_Guinea_2012?lang=en (2016)
|
2016/05/03
|
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 62 - 72: http://www.anpguinebissau.org/leis/constituicao/constituicaoguine.pdf (2012)
|
2012/12/06
|
|
Guyana
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 89 - 98
|
2015/05/10
|
|
Haití
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 134 - 154
|
2015/07/29
|
|
Honduras
|
a. Sí
|
El periodo presidencial es de cuatro años e inicia el 27 de enero siguiente a la fecha en que se realizó la elección.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República de Honduras (2009)", art. 237: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/HN/honduras-constitucion-politica-de-1982-2021/
|
2025/08/07
|
|
Hong Kong
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of People's Republic of China, Art. 79-84: http://www.npc.gov.cn/zgrdw/englishnpc/Constitution/node_2825.htm
|
2021/06/03
|
|
Hungría
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: The Fundamental Law of Hungary (as Amended to 2013), The State, 9-14: http://njt.hu/cgi_bin/njt_doc.cgi?docid=140968.322953.
|
2018/07/30
|
|
India
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
The Constitution of India, Articles 52- 62: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
|
2024/06/12
|
|
Indonesia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Art. 4(1): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/ID/indonesia-constitution/view
|
2024/01/31
|
|
Iraq
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Iraqi Constitution, Articles 61(3), 67 - 75: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/IQ/Full%20Text%20of%20Iraqi%20Constitution.pdf/view
|
2018/04/15
|
|
Irlanda
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 12 - 14: https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/cons/en/html
|
2024/11/21
|
|
Irán
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, article 113-132: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Iran_1989
|
2024/11/19
|
|
Isla Christmas
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kt.html
|
2009/11/30
|
|
Islandia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 3-30 as amended in 2013
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Iceland_2013?lang=en
|
2020/07/27
|
|
Islas Caimán
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution: “Cayman Islands Constitution Order 2009”, Section 43: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/KY/cayman-islands-constitution-2009/ ;
|
2021/12/13
|
|
Islas Cocos
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Australia's Constitution of 1901, chapter 2, art 61: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Senate/Powers_practice_n_procedures/Constitution
|
2019/07/08
|
|
Islas Cook
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 2-3
|
2014/06/05
|
|
Islas Feroe
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Parliamentary Act on Home Rule in the Faroe Islands 1994; CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fo.html
|
2012/07/06
|
|
Islas Malvinas
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution: “Falkland Islands Constitution Order 2008”, Section 23 & 56: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/FK/falkland-islands-constitution-2008/ ;
|
2022/04/19
|
|
Islas Marinas del Norte
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Preamble
https://cnmilaw.org/cons.php#gsc.tab=0
|
2010/01/07
|
|
Islas Marshall
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 5 (3). https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Marshall_Islands_1995
|
2023/10/12
|
|
Islas Norfolk
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Norfolk Island Act, Preamble, p. 1 & art. 6
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/nf.html
|
2010/01/07
|
|
Islas Pitcairn
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution Part 4, Article 33(1-2)
http://www.government.pn/Pitcairn%20Islands%20Constitution%20Order%202010.pdf
Pitcairn Order 1970, art. 4
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1970/1434/made
|
2010/01/08
|
|
Islas Salomón
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution of 1978, Amended 2014: Art. 1 (2) and 27 (1).
Constitution (2014): https://constituteproject.org/constitution/Solomon_Islands_2014.pdf?lang=en
Amendment 2018: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/SB/solomon-islands-constitution-amendment-2018
|
2019/02/28
|
|
Islas Turcas y Caicos
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution: “The Constitution of the Turks and Caicos Islands”: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TC/turks-and-caicos-constitution-2014/
|
2025/09/30
|
|
Islas Vírgenes Americanas
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/vq.html
|
2009/11/26
|
|
Islas Vírgenes Británicas
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
The Virgin Islands Constitution Order 2007, Article 35(1)
http://www.bvi.gov.vg/sites/default/files/constitution.pdf
The Virgin Islands Constitution Order 2007, Article 46(1)
http://www.bvi.gov.vg/sites/default/files/constitution.pdf
|
2019/02/08
|
|
Israel
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
BASIC LAW: The President of the State: https://main.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/Documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawThePresident.pdf
|
2019/05/01
|
|
Italia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 87
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Italy_2012?lang=en
|
2020/07/18
|
|
Jamaica
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 27
|
2011/05/23
|
|
Japón
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 1-2:
https://japan.kantei.go.jp/constitution_and_government_of_japan/constitution_e.html
|
2019/07/09
|
|
Jersey
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/je.html
|
2009/12/07
|
|
Jordania
|
b. No
|
The King is the Head of the State and is immune from any liability and responsibility.
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 28, 30: http://www.representatives.jo/sites/default/files/الدستور.pdf (2015)
|
2016/07/28
|
|
Kazajistán
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan of 1995, amended March 10, 2017 art. 40-48.
https://www.akorda.kz/en/constitution-of-the-republic-of-kazakhstan-50912
|
2024/09/12
|
|
Kenia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
The Constitution of Kenya Article 130
|
2024/12/06
|
|
Kirguizistán
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 66: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
|
2025/05/07
|
|
Kiribati
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution
|
2024/11/24
|
|
Kuwait
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 4, 54: http://www.pm.gov.kw/en/state_Of_Kuwait/kuwaitConstitution.jsp (2013)
|
2013/01/30
|
|
Laos
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 65 - 68: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LA/Lao-People2019s-Democratic-Republic-Constitution/view
|
2021/02/16
|
|
Lesoto
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitution of Lesotho, art. 44, 45 & 91
|
2017/07/19
|
|
Letonia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: The Constitution of the Republic of Latvia as amended on 8 April 2009, art. 35-54: http://legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/4777/file/Latvia_Constitution_am2009_en.pdf (2014)
|
2022/09/12
|
|
Liberia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
The 1986 Constitution of the Republic of Liberia, Art. 50, http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/LR/liberia-amended-electoral-laws-2014/view
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Libia
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
The Constitutional Declaration (Transitional National Council of Libya), Art. 18 & 30: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Libya_2011
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Liechtenstein
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Art. 7,8;
https://www.llv.li/files/rdr/Verfassung-E-01-02-2014.pdf
|
2022/08/02
|
|
Lituania
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania (25 October 1992, as last amended on 25 April 2006)http://www3.lrs.lt/home/Konstitucija/Constitution.htm
|
2020/06/05
|
|
Luxemburgo
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 33: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Luxembourg_2009
|
2024/11/20
|
|
Líbano
|
a. Sí
|
The President of the Republic is the bead of the state.
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 49: http://www.presidency.gov.lb/English/LebaneseSystem/Documents/Lebanese%20Constitution.pdf (2012)
|
2024/11/20
|
|
Macao
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution (People's Republic of China), art. 79-84
|
2009/12/08
|
|
Macedonia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Electoral Code of the Republic of Macedonia including 2021 amendments, article. 4 (1): https://www.ifes.org/document/northmacedoniaelectoralcodeupdatesseptember2021pdf
Constitution of the Republic of North Macedonia, art. 79-90.
https://www.sobranie.mk/the-constitution-of-the-republic-of-macedonia-ns_article-constitution-of-the-republic-of-north-macedonia.nspx
|
2024/11/19
|
|
Madagascar
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 44 - 62: http://www.ceni-madagascar.mg/dossier/constitution.pdf (2013)
|
2013/02/07
|
|
Malasia
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 32: http://confinder.richmond.edu/admin/docs/malaysia.pdf (2013)
|
2013/03/21
|
|
Malaui
|
a. Sí
|
The President who is both Head of State and Government is restricted to two five year terms.
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitution of the Republic of Malawi, art. 78 and 83 (1).
|
2025/04/14
|
|
Maldivas
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution 2008, art. 106 - 128: http://www.majlis.gov.mv/en/wp-content/uploads/Constitution-english.pdf (2018)
|
2019/02/11
|
|
Malta
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 48, 49, 50: http://www.parlament.mt/constituion-of-malta?l=1 (2012)
|
2012/05/22
|
|
Malí
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 29-52
Electoral Code, art. 140
|
2009/12/08
|
|
Man, Isla del
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Isle of Man Constitution: Parliament
http://www.gov.im/isleofman/parliament.xml
|
2009/12/14
|
|
Marruecos
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Morocco's Constitution of 2011, Title III: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Morocco_2011.pdf
|
2022/08/02
|
|
Mauricio
|
a. Sí
|
The President is the ceremonial Head of State and is elected by Parliament.
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitution of the Republic of Mauritius, art. 28 & 29
|
2012/02/25
|
|
Mauritania
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution as amended by Constitutional Law n° 2012-015, art. 23: www.mauritania.mr (2012)
|
2024/10/28
|
|
Mayotte
|
a. Sí
|
|
2009/11/12
|
|
Micronesia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Federated States of Micronesia Art. 10: http://www.fsmlaw.org/fsm/constitution/article10.htm
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Moldavia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
The Constitution of The Republic of Moldova (1994, rev. 2016), article 77-84
|
2021/03/30
|
|
Mongolia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 30 - 37: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
|
2020/02/17
|
|
Montenegro
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: The Constitution of the Republic of Montenegro, SU-SK Ref. no. 01-514/12, 19 October 2007.
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Montenegro_2013?lang=en
|
2023/09/25
|
|
Montserrat
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 22
|
2014/08/04
|
|
Mozambique
|
a. Sí
|
Constitution: "The President of the Republic is the head of State, embodying national unity, representing the nation domestically and internationally, and overseeing the correct operation of the State organs."
Fuente:
Constitution of 21 January 2005, art. 146 - 163: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/MZ/mozambique-constitution-portuguese-version/view (2014)
|
2024/12/04
|
|
México
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: "Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos", art. 80–83: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/MX/mexico-constitucion-2024/
|
2024/04/12
|
|
Mónaco
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 10 - 16
|
2023/09/11
|
|
Namibia
|
a. Sí
|
The President is the Head of State and Government. The President is elected through direct universal adult suffrage by and absolute majority and is restricted to two terms of office of five years each.
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitution of Namibia, art. 27-34
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Nauru
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution 1968, Art. 16. (http://www.naurugov.nr/media/21406/constitution_19.5.1968.pdf)
|
2012/06/28
|
|
Nepal
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Article The Constitution of Nepal, 2015 Article 76 (1 and 2) www.lawcommission.gov.np/en/documents/2016/01/constitution-of-nepal-2.pdf
|
2018/04/03
|
|
Nicaragua
|
a. Sí
|
El mandato presidencial tiene una duración de 5 años. La reforma constitucional de 2014 permite la reelección presidencial indefinida. Actualmente, el Presidente de Nicaragua es Daniel Ortega, electo en los comicios de 2006 y reelecto en 2011.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de Nicaragua (2014)”, art. 144 - 150:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/NI/constitucion/constitucion-politica-de-nicaragua-con-reformas-a/ (2016).
|
2016/06/07
|
|
Nigeria
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution 1999 (as amended), art. 130-152: http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text.jsp?file_id=179202 (2013)
|
2015/02/14
|
|
Niue
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 1.
|
2014/06/23
|
|
Noruega
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution(last amended May 2014), Art. 3:
|
2017/05/19
|
|
Nueva Caledonia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Section II, Articles 5 -19.
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Nueva Zelandia
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution Act 1986, Art. 2: http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1986/0114/latest/whole.html#DLM94210 (2017)
https://dpmc.govt.nz/our-business-units/cabinet-office/supporting-work-cabinet/cabinet-manual/2-ministers-crown-1
|
2024/07/02
|
|
Níger
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of 25 November 2010 with its amendments, art. 46 - 72: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/NE/niger-constitution-2010/
|
2017/02/01
|
|
Omán
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Basic Statute of the State, as amended by Royal Decree No. 99/2011, art. 41 - 43: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Oman_2011.pdf?lang=en
|
2025/04/30
|
|
Pakistán
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 41: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Pakistan_2017
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Palaos
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. VIII.
|
2012/07/11
|
|
Palestina
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Palestinian Basic Law, art. 34: http://www.osservatorioiraq.it/sites/default/files/Palestinian%20Basic%20Law%20with%20Amendements%20-%20english.pdf (2013);
Elections Law 2 September 2007 regulating general elections, art. 3: http://www.elections.ps/Portals/0/pdf/Election_Law_%282007-Sept_02%29-EN.pdf (2013)
|
2013/04/08
|
|
Panamá
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de Panamá”, art. 175–193: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PA/panama-constitucion-politica-de-la-republica-2004
|
2024/12/05
|
|
Papúa Nueva Guinea
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Section 82: http://www.igr.gov.pg/constitution.pdf (2012)
|
2017/03/16
|
|
Paraguay
|
a. Sí
|
El poder ejecutivo es ejercido por la presidencia de la República.
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitución Nacional de la República del Paraguay, art. 226:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PY/constitucion/Paraguay%20%281992%29.pdf/ (1992)
|
2023/03/16
|
|
Países Bajos
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Kingdom of Netherlands, Art. 24; 43: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Netherlands_2008?lang=en
|
2022/08/02
|
|
Perú
|
a. Sí
|
El mandato presidencial es de 5 años, sin reelección inmediata.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política del Perú”, art. 112: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PE/peru-constitucion-politica-2019/
|
2020/01/28
|
|
Polinesia Francesa
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Section II, Articles 5-19.
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Polonia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
The Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2nd April, 1997, as amended in 2009: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Poland_2009
|
2024/11/13
|
|
Portugal
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Portuguese Republic, Seventh Revision, 2005, Articles 120-140:
https://www.parlamento.pt/Legislacao/Paginas/ConstituicaoRepublicaPortuguesa.aspx - Portuguese
https://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/pt/pt045en.pdf - English
|
2024/10/26
|
|
Puerto Rico
|
a. Sí
|
El Jefe de Estado del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico es el presidente de Estados Unidos.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico”, art. 1: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PR/puerto-rico-constitucion-1970/
|
2020/11/03
|
|
Qatar
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 64: https://www.gco.gov.qa/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/permanent_constitution_state_qatar_en.pdf
|
2025/05/08
|
|
Reino Unido
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Official Website of the UK Government: https://www.gov.uk/government/ministers/prime-minister
|
2025/06/12
|
|
República Centroafricana
|
a. Sí
|
President François Bozize took power by coup d'etat on the 15th of march 2003.
On the 8th of May 2005 Mr. BOZIZE is elected as President in general elections (second round).
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 22 - 37: http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/fr/text.jsp?file_id=193706 (2016)
|
2021/04/19
|
|
República Checa
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution as amended by Act 71/2012 Sb., art. 54: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Czech_Republic_2013?lang=en (2017)
|
2023/09/14
|
|
República Dominicana
|
a. Sí
|
El presidente es electo por voto popular para un periodo de cuatro años. El Presidente actual de República Dominicana es Danilo Medina Sánchez, tras las elecciones presidenciales celebradas en el año 2012 y prolongado por cuatro años más, después de su reelección en el año 2016.
Fuente:
Constitución: Constitución de la República Dominicana (2015) art. 122 - 133: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DO/republica-dominicana-constitucion-politica-2015/ (2020)
|
2020/02/04
|
|
Ruanda
|
a. Sí
|
Paul Kagamé est l'actuel président de la République du Rwanda. Il a été porté au pouvoir par la révolution du Front Patriotique Rwandais (FPR) en juillet 1994 et élu président de la République le 25 août 2003.
Fuente:
Constitution (2023), Art. 97 - 115: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/RW/constitution-of-the-republic-of-rwanda-last/view
|
2024/12/04
|
|
Rumania
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitution of Romania, amended in 2003, art. 80-101.https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Romania_2003?lang=en
|
2020/08/22
|
|
Rusia
|
a. Sí
|
1) The President of the Russian Federation is the head of state.
2) The President is the guarantor of the Constitution, and of human and civil rights and freedoms. In accordance with the procedure established by the Constitution, he takes measures to protect the sovereignty of the Russian Federation, its independence and state integrity, and ensure concerted functioning and interaction of all bodies of state power.
(3) The President of the Russian Federation defines the basic domestic and foreign policy guidelines of the state in accordance with the Constitution and federal laws.
(4) The President of the Russian Federation as head of state represents the Russian Federation inside the country and in international relations."
Fuente:
Constitution: The Constitution of the Russian Federation, art. 80: http://www.constitution.ru/en/10003000-01.htm
|
2024/03/22
|
|
Samoa
|
d. No aplicable
|
Fuente:
Samoa Constitution Article 16 and 19: https://www.palemene.ws/wp-content/uploads/Constitution-Eng.pdf (2021)
|
2021/04/09
|
|
Samoa Americana
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Revised Constitution of American Samoa Preamble
|
2017/08/18
|
|
San Cristóbal y Nieves
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Article 21, Constitution
|
2020/04/14
|
|
San Marino
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 3 (Available on the Official Website of the Parliament: http://www.consigliograndeegenerale.sm)
|
2012/05/25
|
|
San Vicente y las Granadinas
|
b. No
|
The executive authority is vested on Her Majesty. According to the law, the Governor General can exercise the executive authority on behalf of Her Majesty.
Fuente:
Constitution of St. Vincent and the Grenadines 1979, art. 19 & 50
|
2021/12/26
|
|
Santa Elena
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 26
|
2010/01/12
|
|
Santa Lucía
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 19
|
2010/01/12
|
|
Santa Sede
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Official Website of the Vatican City State: http://www.vaticanstate.va/EN/State_and_Government/StateDepartments/Legislative_and_executive_bodies.htm (2012);
Fundamental Law promulgated by Pope JOHN PAUL II 26 November 2000, effective 22 February 2001, Art. 1 (1): http://www.vatican.va/vatican_city_state/legislation/documents/scv_doc_20001126_legge-fondamentale-scv_it.html (2012)
|
2012/05/14
|
|
Santo Tomé y Príncipe
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 77: https://constituteproject.org/constitution/Sao_Tome_and_Principe_2003.pdf?lang=en
|
2021/06/17
|
|
Senegal
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution 2012, art. 26 - 52: http://www.assemblee-nationale.sn/images/stories/PDF/constitution_du_senegal.pdf (2017)
English: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Senegal_2009?lang=en (2017)
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Serbia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 111-121
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/RS/constitution-of-the-republic-of-serbia-2006/view
|
2022/07/05
|
|
Seychelles
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Seychelles (2011), art. 50
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SC/seychelles-constitution-2011/view
|
2025/02/25
|
|
Sierra Leona
|
a. Sí
|
Mr. A. Tijan Kabbah
Fuente:
Constitution (2008), Art. 40 - 72: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SL/sierra-leone-constitution-2008/
|
2017/01/12
|
|
Singapur
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Singapore, Art. 17 - 22: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Singapore_2010?lang=en (2017)
|
2017/03/24
|
|
Siria
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 83 - 117
|
2014/06/02
|
|
Somalia
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Transitional Constitution of 2012, Art. 87 - 96: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SO/somalia-provisional-constitution-of-2012/view
|
2016/11/25
|
|
Sri Lanka
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 30, 31, 94: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LK/sri-lanka-constitution-as-amended-up-to-9/at_download/file
|
2016/01/28
|
|
Suazilandia
|
b. No
|
Swaziland is a hereditary monarchy.
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitution of the Kingdom of Swaziland, art. 1, 4 & 5
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Sudáfrica
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Articles 83, 86 & 202: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ZA/south-africa-electoral-act-2010/view
|
2014/05/01
|
|
Sudán
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
The Interim National Constitution of 2005, art. 51 - 64: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4ba749762.html (2012)
|
2012/08/31
|
|
Sudán del Sur
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Transitional Constitution 2011, art. 97: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4e269a3e2.html%C2%A0 (2012)
|
2021/06/02
|
|
Suecia
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
The Instrument of Government, Ch. 1, Art. 5: Official Website of the Parliament: http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Start/Bestall/Sprakversioner/English---engelska1/Sveriges-grundlagar-och-riksdagsordningen1/ (2012);
Act of Succession, Art. 1 - 8
|
2014/08/04
|
|
Suiza
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 176: https://www.admin.ch/opc/en/classified-compilation/19995395/201506140000/101.pdf (2015)
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Surinam
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 90: http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Constitutions/Suriname/english.html (2012)
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Sáhara Occidental
|
c. No hay información disponible
|
|
2009/08/14
|
|
Tailandia
|
b. No
|
Thailand has an inherited monarchy.
Fuente:
Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, Sec. 1: https://constitutionnet.org/sites/default/files/2017-05/CONSTITUTION+OF+THE+KINGDOM+OF+THAILAND+(B.E.+2560+(2017)).pdf
|
2023/10/04
|
|
Taiwan
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Articles 35, Constitution of the Republic of China
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Taiwan_2005.pdf
|
2020/04/13
|
|
Tanzania
|
a. Sí
|
There shall be a President of the United Republic.
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 33 (1): https://www.inec.go.tz/uploads/documents/sw-1714455356-1.%20sw-1675190712-sw1499671152-Katiba_ya_Tanzania.pdf
|
2025/12/01
|
|
Tayikistán
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan, amended as of May 22, 2016, art. 64-65.
|
2025/02/14
|
|
Timor-Leste
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 74: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
|
2024/11/14
|
|
Togo
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 58 - 75: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,LEGAL,,LEGISLATION,TGO,456d621e2,48ef43c72,0.html (2013)
|
2013/01/03
|
|
Tokelau
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution of Tokelau 2007, Article 5
https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/TK/tokelau-constitution
'Tokelau Islands Information Paper, New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade': http://www.mfat.govt.nz/Countries/Pacific/Tokelau.php
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tl.html
|
2020/01/22
|
|
Tonga
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 30, 31: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/TO/Tonga%20Act%20of%20Constitution%201988.pdf/view (2021)
|
2021/09/13
|
|
Trinidad y Tobago
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitution of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago”, Section 22: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TT/trinidad-and-tobago-constitution-2016/
|
2020/08/22
|
|
Turkmenistán
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of Turkmenistan (2016), Article 68: http://www.osce.org/odihr/262336?download=true.
|
2013/03/05
|
|
Turquía
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Unofficial Translation Of The Amendments To The Constitution, art. 8: http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-REF(2017)005-e
|
2016/01/21
|
|
Tuvalu
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 48 & 54-55: http://tuvalu-legislation.tv/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1986/1986-0001/ConstitutionofTuvalu_1.pdf
|
2012/06/19
|
|
Túnez
|
a. Sí
|
The President of the Republic is the Head of State.
Fuente:
The Constitution of 26 January 2014, art. 72: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/TN/tunisia-constitution-of-26-january-2014/view (2014)
|
2019/08/05
|
|
Ucrania
|
a. Sí
|
The President of Ukraine is the Head of State.
Fuente:
Constitution, articles 102, 103: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80
|
2019/03/11
|
|
Uganda
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, art. 98, 103: https://ec.or.ug/docs/Constitution_1995.pdf
|
2026/03/18
|
|
Uruguay
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitución de la República de Uruguay, arts. 149-159, https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/UY/uruguay-constitucion-de-la-republica-2004-vigente/view (2004).
|
2024/12/18
|
|
Uzbekistán
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 19, Article 105: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#chapter25
|
2024/08/26
|
|
Vanuatu
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 33: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/VU/vanuatu-constitution-of-the-republic-of-vanuatu/at_download/file
|
2016/01/26
|
|
Venezuela
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela”, art. 225–237: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/VE/venezuela-constitucion-reforma-2009/
|
2020/11/15
|
|
Vietnam
|
b. No
|
Fuente:
Constitution of 1992 as amended, art. 101 - 108: http://www.moj.gov.vn/vbpq/en/Lists/Vn%20bn%20php%20lut/View_Detail.aspx?ItemID=10450 (2016)
|
2021/04/07
|
|
Wallis y Futuna
|
c. No hay información disponible
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Section II, Articles 5-19.
|
2009/08/14
|
|
Yemen
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 106, 108: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/category,LEGAL,,,YEM,3fc4c1e94,0.html (2012)
|
2012/08/22
|
|
Yibuti
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution, as amended by Constitutional Law n° 134/AN/06/5 L of 21 Avril 2010, art. 21 : https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Djibouti_2010.pdf?lang=en (2016)
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2016/djibouti
|
2023/07/11
|
|
Zambia
|
a. Sí
|
The President is Head of State and Government.
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitution of Zambia, art. 47 & 91 (1)
http://www.parliament.gov.zm/sites/default/files/documents/amendment_act/Constitution%20of%20Zambia%20%20(Amendment),%202016-Act%20No.%202_0.pdf
|
2016/06/28
|
|
Zanzibar
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
The Constitution of Zanzibar, art. 26
http://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/tz/tz028en.pdf (2016)
|
2016/04/05
|
|
Zimbabue
|
a. Sí
|
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitution of Zimbabwe 2013; art 89, 92
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Zimbabwe_2013
|
2023/09/25
|
