|
total países/territorios: 228
|
|---|
| País/Territorio |
Respuestas |
Respuestas |
Verificado |
|
Afganistán
|
a. Judicial
d. Otro
|
Fuente:
Afghanistan Electoral Law, art. 66(1): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/AF/afghanistan-election-law-2014-english/view (2014).
http://www.afghanembassy.com.pl/afg/images/pliki/TheConstitution.pdf
|
2019/09/24
|
|
Albania
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, dated 2 April 2015, art. 29.
The Constitution of the Republic of Albania, art. 153.
|
2017/05/17
|
|
Alemania
|
a. Judicial
d. Otro
|
The electoral scrutiny is the responsibility of the parliament (German Bundestag). Complaints against decisions by the Bundestag may be brought to the Federal Constitutional Court.
Fuente:
Constitution, Ch.3, Art.41 (1,2)
https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_gg/englisch_gg.pdf
Federal Constitutional Court Act
http://www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/EN/Gesetze/BVerfGG.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=2#:~:text=The%20Federal%20Constitutional%20Court%20may,for%20other%20constitutional%20court%20proceedings.&text=Applications%20for%20a%20decision%20pursuant,or%20by%20a%20Land%20government.
|
2021/11/16
|
|
Andorra
|
a. Judicial
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
La Junta Electoral.
Fuente:
Electoral law: 28/2007 - "Llei qualificada del règim electoral i del referèndum", art. 28: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/AD/andorra-electoral-law-2007/
|
2023/06/09
|
|
Angola
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
The National Electoral Commission decides on challenges by citizens and political parties regarding the elections.
Fuente:
Electoral Law n.º 36/11 of 21 December 2011 regulating General Elections, art. 144 (1-j): http://www.tribunalconstitucional.ao/uploads/%7Bc46fa0b3-c947-4440-ae92-5f1a3a275d8a%7D.pdf (2017)
|
2017/03/28
|
|
Anguila
|
a. Judicial
|
Election Act, art. 55:
"55. (1) Every election petition shall be tried in the same manner as any other action in the High
Court by a Judge sitting alone..."
Fuente:
Election Act 2008: art. 67 (1)
|
2015/02/24
|
|
Antigua y Barbuda
|
e. No hay información disponible
|
|
2011/07/28
|
|
Arabia Saudí
|
f. No aplicable
|
Fuente:
Shura Council Law: http://www.shura.gov.sa/wps/wcm/connect/ShuraEn/internet/Laws+and+Regulations/The+Shura+Council+and+the+rules+and+regulations+job/Shura+Council+Law/ (2012);
The Basic Law of Governance: http://www.boe.gov.sa/ViewSystemDetails.aspx?lang=en&SystemID=4 (2012)
|
2012/08/20
|
|
Argelia
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Constitutional Council
The constitutional council is composed of 9 members: 3 members including the council president are named by the republic president. 2 members named by the National People's Assembly, 2 members named by the Council of the Nation , 1 named by المحكمة العليا and 1 named by governmental council.
Fuente:
Electoral law (Loi organique n° 12-01 du 18 Safar 1433 correspondant au 12 janvier 2012 relative au régime électoral), art. 165, 166: http://www.parliament.am/library/norelectoral%20law/aljir.pdf (2017)
|
2019/09/25
|
|
Argentina
|
a. Judicial
|
Los jueces electorales conocerán de las faltas electorales en única instancia y de los delitos electorales en primera instancia, con apelación ante la Cámara Electoral de dicha jurisdicción.
Fuente:
Electoral Code: “Código Electoral Nacional — Ley 19945”, art. 44: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/AR/argentina-ley-19945-codigo-electoral-nacional-2019/ (2019);
Law on the National Electoral Justice: “Ley Orgánica de la Justicia Nacional Electoral — Ley 19108”, art. 12: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/AR/argentina-ley-19108-organica-justicia-nacional-electoral-2019/ (2019)
|
2021/12/26
|
|
Armenia
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Complaints about decisions or actions (inaction) of Precinct Electoral Commissions, including requests for a recount of the precinct voting results, shall be submitted to the appropriate Territorial Electoral Commission.
Complaints about decisions or actions (inaction) of Territorial Electoral Commissions shall be submitted to the administrative court, except the ones concerning decisions on election results.
Decisions or action (inaction) of the Central Electoral Commission, except decisions on election results, may be appealed in administrative court...
Fuente:
Electoral Code of 25 May 2016, art. 14,47,48:
http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/?pdf=CDL-REF(2016)042-e
|
2015/12/01
|
|
Aruba
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Mr. Hubert Maduro, President, Electoral Council of Aruba
|
2017/07/07
|
|
Australia
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 (amended in 2019) Sec.353-354: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2019C00103/f85985f8-e256-4e11-ad31-884ed7f92224
|
2024/09/09
|
|
Austria
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
Fuente:
Constitution of Austria, Art. 26(6)
|
2012/05/29
|
|
Azerbaiyán
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Election Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan including 2024 amendments, Article 112: https://msk.gov.az/uploads/qanunvericilik/Election-Code-2024.pdf
|
2024/11/12
|
|
Bahamas
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
An Election Court, constituted for each electoral process and consisting of two Justices to the Supreme Court appointed by the Chief Justice have jurisdiction to hear and determine any question related to the election of the members of the House of Assembly.
Fuente:
Constitution of the Bahamas, Art. 51.
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Bahamas_2002?lang=en (2017)
Electoral Law, Art. 80.
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BS/bahamas-parliamentary-elections-act-2012/view (2017)
|
2017/03/27
|
|
Bahráin
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
The chairmen of the committees appointed by the Minister of Justice and Islamic Affairs have the full power of any Judicial Authority with regards to the offences committed in their premises or are intended to be carried out in the location.
Fuente:
Decree No. 71 of 2014 Electoral Law article 103: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/BH/bahrain-collection-of-electoral-laws-2014-in/view
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Bangladesh
|
a. Judicial
|
The High Court Division
Fuente:
Constitution of Bangladesh: Part VII, Art. 125 (b)
Representation of People Order (1972); Chapter 5, Art. 49(2)
|
2012/05/30
|
|
Barbados
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
The Election Court (comprising three Judges) is responsible for trying the election petition - when hearing an election petition it has the same powers, jurisdiction and authority as the High Court.
Fuente:
Election Offences and Controversies Act: Ch.3, Section 39.
|
2009/08/21
|
|
Belice
|
a. Judicial
|
Toda controversia debe ser juzgada por el Ministro que presida la Suprema Corte o por quien él designe para ese propósito.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: “Representation of the People Act, Chapter 9”, Section 47: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BZ/belize-representation-of-the-people-act-2020/
|
2025/03/24
|
|
Benín
|
a. Judicial
|
La cour suprême est seule compétente en ce qui concerne le contentieux des élections locales et la cour constitutionnelle pour les législatives, les présidentielles et les référenda.
Fuente:
Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 97, - 106: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016);
Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 8 (2), 117 (2): http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016)
|
2019/04/05
|
|
Bermudas
|
a. Judicial
|
a) Judiciary (2nd)
b) EMB (1st)
Fuente:
Parliamentary Election Act 1978, Art. 17
|
2012/05/31
|
|
Bielorrusia
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Como regla general, las controversias son resueltas en primera instancia en los diferentes niveles por la Comisión Central de Elecciones, pero hay casos especiales que tienen que ser presentados ante una corte.
Fuente:
Electoral Code: "Electoral Code of the Republic of Belarus”, art. 79: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/BY/belarus-electoral-code-2023-english/
|
2023/09/13
|
|
Bolivia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
El Órgano Electoral Plurinacional en su conjunto, Tribunal Supremo Electoral, Tribunales Electorales Departamentales y Jueces Electorales, es responsable de los asuntos contenciosos electorales, siendo estos últimos los primeros en conocer de las controversias electorales en cada una de las mesas de sufragio.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: “Ley del Régimen Electoral — Ley 026-2010”, art. 170: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BO/bolivia-ley-026-2010-regimen-electoral-vigente/ (2019).
EMB Law: "Ley del Órgano Electoral Plurinacional — Ley 018-2010", art. 39 (3 & 4), 54 (1 & 2): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BO/bolivia-ley-018-2010-organo-electoral-plurinacional-vigente/ (2019).
|
2024/12/09
|
|
Bosnia y Herczegovina
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
For different types of disputes, different bodies are responsible in the first instance: Municipal Election Commission, Central Election Commission.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Election Law of Bosnia and Herzegovina, art. 6:4 & art. 6:6.
https://www.izbori.ba/Documents/documents/ZAKONI/BiH_Election_Law_last_consolidated_version.pdf?v-4 (2024)
|
2025/06/23
|
|
Botsuana
|
a. Judicial
|
Election petitions are heard by the High Court. Petitions must be submitted within 30 days of the announcement of the result disputed. If petitions are withdrawn the costs devolve on the petitioner.
Fuente:
Electoral Act of 1968 (as amended until 2012), art. 116: http://www.iec.gov.bw/images/pdf/ElectoralAct.pdf (2014).
|
2014/10/24
|
|
Brasil
|
b. Organismo Electoral
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
Jueces Electorales
Fuente:
Electoral Code - Law No. 4,737, of July 15, 1965, Article 23, 29, 30, 35:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/codigo-eleitoral-1/codigo-eleitoral-lei-nb0-4.737-de-15-de-julho-de-1965
|
2024/10/18
|
|
Brunéi Darussalam
|
f. No aplicable
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 23: http://publicofficialsfinancialdisclosure.worldbank.org/fdl/sites/fdl/files/assets/law-library-files/Brunei_Constitution_1959_amended%202011_EN.pdf (2013);
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bx.html
|
2013/03/18
|
|
Bulgaria
|
a. Judicial
|
Formal electoral disputes have no uniform forum. It depends on the dispute to determine which forum is competent. (Electoral Management Body, Court, Constitutional Court.)
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Election Code, aArt. 304, Art. 347
http://dv.parliament.bg/DVWeb/showMaterialDV.jsp?idMat=82965
(2014)
|
2014/10/02
|
|
Burkina Faso
|
a. Judicial
|
Ces litiges relèvent de la compétence du conseil constitutionnel quant aux litiges resultant des présidentielles et législatives. Le membres du conseil constitutionnel sont nommés par le président du Faso et le président de l'Assamblée National.
Fuente:
Constitution as amended in 2012, art. 152, 154: http://www.ceni.bf/sites/default/files/constitution-revisee-juin-2012.pdf (2012);
|
2015/12/04
|
|
Burma (Myanmar)
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Constitution of Myanmar, art. 399 (g): http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015);
The Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law, art. 68, 69: http://www.altsean.org/Research/2010/Resources/Laws/Pyithu%20Hluttaw%20Election%20Law.pdf (2013).
|
2015/11/17
|
|
Burundi
|
a. Judicial
|
Constitutional Court
Fuente:
Electoral Code: https://courconstitutionnelle.gov.bi/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Code-Electoral_30092024095027.pdf
Constitution, art. 234: https://acbc.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl441/files/Legislation/Countries%20legislations/BURUNDI/Constitution%20of%20Burundi%20of%20_2018_compressed.pdf
|
2025/05/08
|
|
Bután
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
Fuente:
Election Dispute Settlement Rules and Regulations of the Kingdom of Bhutan, Election Commission of Bhutan (2018), Article 5: https://www.ecb.bt/Rules/Disputeeng.pdf
Election of Act of the Kingdom of Bhutan, 2008, Chapter 20, Article 466: https://www.ecb.bt/wp content/uploads/2013/04/ElectionActEnglish.pdf
|
2024/08/27
|
|
Bélgica
|
d. Otro
|
d)Issues concerning the voter's role and the right of eligibility: handled by the Executive of the Burgomaster and the Alderman. Appeals against their decisions by the Court of Appeal.
The right of eligibility: The principal constituency office. Appeals to their decisions by the Court of Appeal.
The validity of the election: The Chamber of Representatives validates the election of the Representatives, the Senate those of the Senators.
Fuente:
Electoral Code, Art. 231, 232
|
2017/06/30
|
|
Cabo Verde
|
a. Judicial
|
b.) Election Commission.
Fuente:
Constitution of Cape Verde as amended in 2010, art. 97:
https://www.parlamento.cv/Constituicao/ (2026);
Electoral Law as amended by Law No 56/VII/2010, art. 20, 252, 353, 399:
https://cne.cv/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Codigo-Eleitoral-Lei-n%C2%B0-92-V-99-de-8-de-fevereiro-com-as-sucessivas-alteracoes.pdf (2026)
|
2026/04/04
|
|
Camboya
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
The National Election Committee shall be responsible for… By open a public hearing, deciding on all complaints and appeals relating to the election; except complaints which fall under the jurisdiction of the courts.
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 136 (2): http://www.ccc.gov.kh/english/CONSTITUTIONEng.pdf (2013);
Law on the Election of the Members of the National Assembly, arts. 113-114: http://ngocedaw.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/tmp_11849-Draft-of-LEMNA-by-CNRP-CPP_March_08_2015132491924.pdf
|
2023/10/11
|
|
Camerún
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Suivant les dispositions de larticle 48 alinéat 2 de la constitution, lescontestation sur la régularité de l'élection présidentielle, des élections parlementaires, des consultations référendaires relèvent de la compétence du conseil constitutionnel.
Par ailleurs l'article 39, deuxième partie du code électoral accorde compétence aux commissions départémentales de supervision pour connaitre de toutes réclamation ou contestations concernant les listes et cartes électorales.
Notons toutefois qu'il ya une double gestionn du contentieux électoral.
Fuente:
Electoral Code of 13 April 2012, art. 10 (2), 132 - 136: http://www.assemblenationale.cm/index.php?option=com_wrapper&Itemid=82 (2012);
Constitution, art. 48: http://www.assemblenationale.cm/images/stories/DOCUMENTS_PDF/constitution.pdf (2012)
|
2012/08/09
|
|
Canadá
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
The Commissioner of Canada Elections, who is selected and appointed by the Chief Electoral Officer of Canada, ensures that the Canada Elections Act (and the Referendum Act) is enforced and complied with. The Commissioner has the necessary judiciary powers to decide whether to investigate and prosecute an offence under the Act.
Fuente:
The Canada Elections Act (2015), Clause 479 & 522-532
http://laws.justice.gc.ca/PDF/E-2.01.pdf
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Chad
|
a. Judicial
|
d) Conseil Constitutionel
Fuente:
Electoral Law N° 003/PR/2008 amended by law n° 008/PR/2009, law n° 007/PR/2010 and law n° 020/PR/2010, art. 161: https://publicofficialsfinancialdisclosure.worldbank.org/sites/fdl/files/assets/law-library-files/Chad_Electoral%20code_2009_fr.pdf
|
2019/04/23
|
|
Chile
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
El Tribunal Calificador de Elecciones y los Tribunales Electorales Regionales son los encargados de resolver reclamaciones que dieren lugar en los procesos electorales. En este sentido, las resoluciones de los tribunales regionales serán apelables ante el Tribunal Calificador de Elecciones.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de Chile (2017)”, art. 95 & 96:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CL/chile-constitucion-politica-de-la-republica-de-1/
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica Constitucional sobre Votaciones Populares y Escrutinios (2016)”, art. 96 - 99bis:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CL/chile-ley-sobre-votaciones-populares-y-escrutinios/
|
2025/03/04
|
|
China
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Electoral Law, Art. 28
|
2012/06/04
|
|
Chipre
|
a. Judicial
|
La Suprema Corte actúa como organismo de resolución de controversias, por lo que tiene jurisdicción exclusiva para atender peticiones correspondientes a la interpretación y aplicación de las leyes electorales.
Fuente:
Presidential Election, 28 January 2018 OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report
https://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/cyprus/363771?download=true
Electoral Law 72 of 1979 as amended, Art. 57 (1):
https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/CY/cyprus-electoral-law-72-1979-greek-version/view
Official website of the Supreme Court:
http://www.supremecourt.gov.cy/judicial/sc.nsf/DMLScourt_gr/DMLScourt_gr?OpenDocument
|
2026/03/24
|
|
Colombia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
El Consejo Nacional Electoral.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de Colombia”, art. 265 (3, 4): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CO/colombia-constitucion-politica-de-colombia-2016 (2016).
Electoral Law: “Código Electoral”, art. 192: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CO/colombia-codigo-electoral-2016/ (2016).
|
2024/12/12
|
|
Comoras
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Electoral Code, Article 90. https://justice.gouv.km/texte/code-electoral/?utm_
|
2025/09/30
|
|
Congo (Brazzaville)
|
a. Judicial
|
a) A Constitutional Court
Fuente:
Electoral Law of 24 November 2001, Art. 110: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CG/congo-brazzaville-electoral-law-2001/view (2001)
|
2015/10/23
|
|
Congo (Kinshasa), República Democrática del
|
a. Judicial
|
The following bodies of the judiciary handles electoral disputes:
- The Supreme Court of Justice for Presidential
and General elections,
- The Court of Appeal for provincial elections,
- The High Court for urban and municipal elections,
- The Magistrate Court for local elections.
Fuente:
Loi électorale (2011), Art. 74: http://www.ambardc.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=232%3Aloi-electorale-de-la-rdc&catid=50&Itemid=70 (2012)
|
2016/11/03
|
|
Corea del Norte
|
e. No hay información disponible
|
|
2014/06/09
|
|
Corea del Sur
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Disputes on Presidential and Legislative elections are under the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court; those on regional and local elections, at initial stage, come under EMB's jurisdiction, but end up under Judiciary's jurisdiction.
Fuente:
Public Officials Election Act, Article 186, 219, 222, 223: https://www.nec.go.kr/site/eng/ex/bbs/List.do?cbIdx=1280
|
2024/08/28
|
|
Costa Rica
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de Costa Rica”, art. 102: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CR/costa-rica-constitucion-politica-reformas-2015.pdf/; Electoral Law: “Ley 8765: Código Electoral”, art. 12:http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CR/costa-rica-ley-8765-codigo-electoral-2018.pdf/
|
2018/01/24
|
|
Costa de Marfil
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
1)Constitution de la République de Côte d'Ivoire (2000), art. 60, 97: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CI/cote-divoire-constitution-du-23-juillet-2000/view
2) Rapport Final, Élections Présidentielles, EU, (2010):http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CI/cote-divoire-final-report-presidential-election-eu/view
|
2016/11/30
|
|
Croacia
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
a) Constitutional Court.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Act on Election of Representatives to the Croatian Parliament (116/99) (consolidated wording with amendments No. 109/00 and 53/03), art. 96-98.
http://www.parliament.am/library/Electoral%20law/xorvatia.pdf
|
2020/07/02
|
|
Cuba
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
El Consejo Electoral Nacional.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: “Ley No. 127, Ley Electoral”, art. 34: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CU/cuba-ley-electoral-127-2019-ace/
|
2023/09/12
|
|
Dinamarca
|
d. Otro
|
Any voter has the right to complain about the election. Such complaints must be sent to the Folketing (parliament)and submitted to the Ministry of Interior. Complaints must have been received by the Ministry of Interior within a week of the election.
(but addressed to the Folketing) within a week of the election. No court is involved in the handling of election complaints as regards the outcome or the validity of the election.
Fuente:
Election Act, Ch. 1, P.11, Art. 88(1)
|
2019/05/23
|
|
Dominica
|
a. Judicial
|
A petition complaining of an undue return or an undue election of a member of the House of Assembly should be submitted to the High Court within 21 days after the return of the member whose election the petition relates.
Fuente:
Dominica Elections Act No. 14 of 1951, Section 65: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DM/dominica-elections-act-1951/view (2014).
|
2014/12/05
|
|
Ecuador
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
El Tribunal Contencioso Electoral.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República del Ecuador”, art. 221: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/EC/ecuador-constitucion-2020/ ;
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica Electoral y de Organizaciones Políticas de la República del Ecuador, Código de la Democracia”, art. 61, 70: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/EC/ecuador-codigo-democracia-2023/
|
2025/03/13
|
|
Egipto
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
The complaints procedures are different for Presidential Election than they are for other elections.
Complaints arising from the Presidential Election process are referred to the Presidential Election Commission. Article 76 of the Constitution states that the Presidential Election Commission “shall be uniquely responsible for . . . 4) Rendering judgements in all complaints and contestations which arise regarding matters relating to its jurisdiction, including contestations of jurisdiction”. Furthermore, “It’s rulings are final and self-effecting, and may not be contested in any manner or before any body.”
There are no special provisions for processing complaints with respect to other elections and therefore complaints about these electoral processes are dealt with by the Administrative Courts, as any other civil legal proceedings. However, the powers of these courts to effect judgements about elected members is limited. Members of the Shura Council and the People’s Assembly have parliamentary immunity from prosecution and decisions concerning the validity of membership can only be taken by the Council or Assembly itself. Article 93 of the Constitution states that ;
“The People's Assembly shall be the only authority competent to decide upon the validity of its members.
A Court of Causation shall be competent to investigate the validity of contestation presented to the Assembly, on being referred to it by the President of the Assembly.
The contestation shall be referred to the Court of Cassation within fifteen days as from the date on which the Assembly was informed of it, while the investigation shall be completed within ninety days from the date on which the contestation is referred to the Court of Cassation.
The result of the investigation and the decision reached by the Court shall be submitted to the Assembly to decide upon the validity of the contestation within sixty days from the date of submission of the result of the investigation to the Assembly.
The membership will not be deemed invalid except by a decision taken by a majority of two-thirds of the Assembly members.”
Article 22 of the Shura Council indicates that the same procedures are to be applied concerning complaints relating to membership;
“The Statute of the Council shall regulate the procedures to be followed in deciding on the validity of appeals, and in verifying the validity of membership. This shall all be according to article 93 of the Constitution.”
Fuente:
Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt 2014, revised 2019 art. 208
Law No. 198 for the year 2017 on the National Election Authority: https://www.elections.eg/images/pdfs/laws/NEAlaw2017-198_en.pdf
|
2025/09/23
|
|
El Salvador
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
El Tribunal Supremo Electoral (TSE) tiene funciones tanto administrativas como jurisdiccionales.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de El Salvador”, art. 208: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/SV/el-salvador-constitucion-2014/
|
2024/12/19
|
|
Emiratos Árabes Unidos
|
e. No hay información disponible
|
|
2015/09/28
|
|
Eritrea
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 57:1
|
2011/06/21
|
|
Eslovaquia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
d. Otro
|
a) The Supreme Court. Constitutional court if the legality of the election is uncertain.
b) The Central Election Committee exists only during the elections and is dissolved after.
d)Municipality if the claims are connected with the voter registration.
There is no hierarchy between them, but it depends on the kind of dispute.
Fuente:
The Election Act, Ch. 13, Art. 13-1: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7883/file/Slovakia_Act_conditions_electoral_law_2014_am2015_en.pdf
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Eslovenia
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
In the event of irregularities in the nomination procedure, each candidate or representative of lists of candidates shall have the right to lodge an appeal with the constituency electoral commission. The appeal may be lodged by the due term for the submission of the list of candidates.
The constituency electoral commission must reach a decision on the appeal, in accordance with the procedure for determining the legitimacy of lists of candidates, within 48 hours from the due term for the submission of lists of candidates.
The republic electoral commission may nullify or change the decision of the constituency electoral commission issued in accordance with the procedure for confirming the lists of candidates, if it ascertains that the decision is irregular or in breach of the law, at the latest by the day determined for the announcement of lists of candidates.
Fuente:
The National Assembly Elections Act, articles 103 and 104.
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/SI/national-assembly-elections-act/view
|
2026/04/03
|
|
España
|
a. Judicial
|
El recurso contencioso electoral se interpone ante la Junta Electoral correspondiente dentro de los tres días siguientes al acto de proclamación de electos y se formaliza en el mismo escrito, en el que se consignan los hechos, los fundamentos de Derecho y la petición que se deduzca.
El Tribunal competente para la resolución de los recursos contencioso-electorales que se refieren a elecciones generales o al Parlamento Europeo es la Sala de lo Contencioso-Administrativo del Tribunal Supremo. En el supuesto de elecciones autonómicas o locales el Tribunal competente es la Sala de lo Contencioso-Administrativo del Tribunal Superior de Justicia de la respectiva Comunidad Autónoma.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General”, art. 112:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/ES/espana-ley-organica-5-1985-de-19-de-junio-del-1/
|
2025/04/01
|
|
Estados Unidos
|
b. Organismo Electoral
d. Otro
|
"Each house shall be the judge of the Elections, Returns and Qualificatins of its own members..."
Fuente:
https://www.fec.gov ;
https://history.house.gov/Institution/Origins-Development/Electoral-College/ ;
|
2024/10/01
|
|
Estonia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Riigikogu Election Act: § 14.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Riigikogu Election Act as amended on 13 April 2016, ch. 12.
|
2019/02/19
|
|
Etiopía
|
d. Otro
|
Fuente:
Electoral Law as amended by Proclamation No. 532/2007, art. 93, 94, 95, 96
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ET/ethiopia-proclamatio-no.-532-2007-amending-the/view
|
2015/05/18
|
|
Filipinas
|
b. Organismo Electoral
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. IX, Sec. C-2; Art. VI, Sec. 17: http://www.comelec.gov.ph/?r=References/RelatedLaws/Constitution/1987Constitution(2019)
|
2019/05/02
|
|
Finlandia
|
a. Judicial
|
a.) County Administrative Courts
Fuente:
Election Act 714/1998 as amended, Section 102, para. 1
http://www.legislationline.org/documents/action/popup/id/5672
|
2019/04/02
|
|
Fiyi
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
High Court
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 66 (2), 75 (2-d): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/FJ/fiji-constitution-2013/at_download/file (2014).
Electoral Decree No. 11 of 2014, art. 120-134: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/FJ/fiji-electoral-decree-no.-11-of-2014/at_download/file (2014).
|
2026/04/03
|
|
Francia
|
a. Judicial
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
a.) Administrative courts for regional, departmental and municipal elections. Le Conseil d'Etat (the Supreme Administrative Court) for European Parliament elections.
c.) Le Conseil constitutionnel(the Constitutionnal court) for legislative, presidential and Senate elections.
Fuente:
a) Electoral Code, Art. L222, L248, L461; https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichCode.do;jsessionid=F68B3CF06BA941E48270531A7F396845.tplgfr23s_1?cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006070239&dateTexte=20200617
b) Law No. 77-729 of 7 July 1977 on the election of representatives to the European Parliament, Art. 25;
c) Electoral Code, Art. LO179; Decree 58-1067 of 7 November 1958 on the Constitutional Court, Art. 33; Constitution, Art. 58, 59
|
2020/06/21
|
|
Gabón
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Consitution, article 83, 84
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Gabon_1997?lang=en
Law No. 7/96 of 12 March 1996 establishing common rules for all political elections, with all the subsequent amendments, art. 119
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GA/gabon-code-electoral-2005/view (2017)
Organic Law Organic Law No. 9/91 of 26 September 1991 on the Constitutional Court, amended by Organic Law No. 13/94 of September 17, 1994 and Organic Law No. 003/2003 of June 2, 2003, article 25
http://www.cour-constitutionnelle.ga/loi_organique (2017)
|
2017/03/24
|
|
Gambia
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Elections Decree 78 of 1996, part VII, section 98: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GM/gambia-elections-decree-78-of-1996/view
|
2017/03/21
|
|
Georgia
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
There are cases in which the court, and cases in which the EMB, are responsible for the first level of formal electoral dispute.
Fuente:
The Election Code of Georgia, art. 78:
https://matsne.gov.ge/en/document/view/1557168?publication=87
|
2024/07/24
|
|
Ghana
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Ghana (1996), art. 64: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GH/ghana-constitution-1992-with-amendments-through/view
|
2016/09/21
|
|
Gibraltar
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Parliament Act Number 1950-15, Part IV, Article 57(1,2).
https://www.gibraltarlaws.gov.gi/articles/1950-15o.pdf
|
2019/11/04
|
|
Granada
|
a. Judicial
|
a) Supreme Court
Article 76 of the Electoral law:
"76. A petition of an undue return or undue election of a member of the House of Representatives in this Ordinance called an election petition may be presented to the Supreme Court by any one or more of the following persons, that is to say---
(1) some person who voted or had a right to vote at the election to which the petition relates;
(2) some person claiming to have had a right to be returned at such election;
(3) some person alleging himself to have been a candidate at such election. "
Fuente:
Electoral law of 1958, part 7, article 76
|
2011/07/31
|
|
Grecia
|
a. Judicial
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
Fuente:
a) Law 3463/2006 (Municipal and Communal Code), art. 64 - 67; Law 3852/ 2010 ("Kallikratis"), art. 147 - 153
b) Constitution, art. 58 and 100:1(a); P.D. 96/2007 (Codification of legal provisions on parliamentary elections), art. 125 - 127
|
2015/02/05
|
|
Guadalupe
|
a. Judicial
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
a) Administrative courts for regional, departmental and municipal elections. Le Conseil d'Etat (the Supreme Administrative Court) for European Parliament elections;
c) Le Conseil constitutionnel (the Constitutionnal court) for legislative, presidential and Senate elections.
Fuente:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Guam
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
3 Guam Code 12105:
https://law.justia.com/codes/guam/2019/title-3/chapter-12/ ;
|
2020/10/28
|
|
Guatemala
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
El Tribunal Supremo Electoral (TSE) es el órgano designado para la resolución de controversias electorales.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: “Ley Electoral y de Partidos Políticos”, art. 125: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/GT/guatemala-lepp-y-reglamentos-2023/
|
2023/05/29
|
|
Guinea
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Constitution (2010), art. 62, 93, 94:http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GN/guinea-constitution-2010-english-version/
|
2017/01/26
|
|
Guinea Ecuatorial
|
e. No hay información disponible
|
|
2016/05/03
|
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Electoral Law of 11 November 2009 on the election of the President of the Republic and the National People's Assembly ("Lei Eleitoral Para Presidente da República e Assembleia Nacional Popular"), art. 137: http://www.cne-guinebissau.org/phocadownload/lei_eleitoral.pdf (2012)
|
2014/06/24
|
|
Guyana
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Constitution, article 64.
|
2015/05/10
|
|
Guyana Francesa
|
a. Judicial
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
a.) Administrative courts for regional, departmental and municipal elections. Le Conseil d'Etat (the Supreme Administrative Court) for European Parliament elections. c.) Le Conseil constitutionnel (the Constitutionnal court) for legislative, presidential and Senate elections.
Fuente:
Anne Renault, Department of elections and political studies, Ministry of Interior, France
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Haití
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Le Moniteur sous la direction de Beauzile, Fritzner, « Loi électoral », http://haitijustice.com/pdf/legislation/loi-electorale-haiti-2013.pdf, Art.1, 1.1, 168ième année No. 229, 2013, P.4.
|
2015/04/08
|
|
Honduras
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
Tribunal de Justicia Electoral (TJE)
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de 1982", art. 5, 51, 53, 303: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/HN/honduras-constitucion-politica-de-1982-2021/ ;
Electoral Law: “Ley Electoral de Honduras”, art. 174, 293, 296: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/HN/honduras-ley-electoral-2021-con-reformas-2021/
|
2025/08/07
|
|
Hong Kong
|
a. Judicial
d. Otro
|
d) The Revising Officer, who is a magistrate or any legal officer within the meaning of the Legal Officers Ordinance (Cap 87), approved by the Chief Justice.)
Fuente:
Legislative Council Ordinance, Sec.34:
https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/HK/hong-kong-legislative-council-ordinance-cap-542
|
2021/06/07
|
|
Hungría
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Comments: The members of the election committees: 1) elected members 2) charged/delegated members of candidates. (Rights and obligations of elected and charged members are the same.)
Fuente:
Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (last modified by Act CCVII of 2013), Sections 208-212 & 297: http://njt.hu/cgi_bin/njt_doc.cgi?docid=159995.329468.
|
2018/07/30
|
|
India
|
a. Judicial
|
"Election Petitions are tried by the High Court of the State."
Election petitions pretaining to elections to the Parliament and State Legislatures are tried by the High Court.And an appeal on the High CourtÇs order can be referred to the Supreme Court.
Election petitions for the offices of the President and Vice President can only be filed before the Supreme Court.
However, the Constitution empowers the Electoral Commission with advisory jurisdiction in matters pertaining to post election disqualification of sitting members of the Parliament and State Legislatures as well as cases of corrupt practices during elections coming before the High and Supreme Courts. The opinon of the Commission is binding.
Fuente:
The Representation of the People Act 1951, Section 80A: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
|
2024/06/18
|
|
Indonesia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
A Supervisory Committee is established in the framework of holding general elections.
Fuente:
Law 8/2012 on General Election of the Members of House of Representatives, People’s Representatives Council and Regional House of Representatives, Art. 1(17), 258: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/ID/indonesia-law-8-2012-on-general-election-of-the/view
|
2024/01/31
|
|
Iraq
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Regulation on Complaints and Appeal, Section 2(1): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/IQ/iraq-regulation-no.-16-complaints-and-appeal-2009/view
Rules of Procedures of the Board of Commissioners, Article 2(3h): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/IQ/iraq-rules-of-procedure-of-the-board-of/view
|
2018/04/15
|
|
Irlanda
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Electoral Act 1992, Art. 132: https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1992/act/23/enacted/en/print
|
2024/11/21
|
|
Irán
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Elections Act of Islamic Consultative Assembly, article 68: https://www.refworld.org/themes/custom/unhcr_rw/pdf-js/viewer.html?file=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.refworld.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Flegacy-pdf%2Fen%2F1999-11%2F4c35cba22.pdf
Presidential Electoral Law of the Islamic Republic of Iran, article 80: https://www.sssup.it/UploadDocs/4748_5_O_Iran_Electoral_Law_on_Presidential_Elections_10.pdf
|
2024/11/19
|
|
Islandia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
b) Regional EMB:s.
Formal electoral disputes can be divided into two categories. Disputes at the preparatory stage and complaintes submitted after the election. The former disputes are decided upon by the electoral board for the constituency. The board decision can be referred to the National Electoral Board as a final instance.
Complaints submitted after the elections concerning some irregularities regarding a candidate or a list of a political party are decided upon by the Parliament when it convenes after the election. Complaints concerning offenses which are considered criminal under the act handled by the judiciary.
Fuente:
Björn Fridfinnsson, Ministry of Justice and Ecclesiastical Affairs, bjorn.fridfinnsson(a)dkm.stjr.is
Parliamentary Elections Act, Chapter 17, art 111
https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/3897/file/Iceland_Act_Parliamentary_Elections_to_Althing_2000_en.pdf
|
2020/07/27
|
|
Islas Caimán
|
a. Judicial
|
a) The Grand Court
Fuente:
Constitution: “Cayman Islands Constitution Order 2009”, Section 92: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/KY/cayman-islands-constitution-2009/ ;
Electoral Law: “Elections Act (2021 Revision)”, Section 85: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/KY/cayman-islands-elections-act-2021-revision/ ;
|
2021/12/13
|
|
Islas Cocos
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918, as amended on 8 March 2019, art. 353, 354: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2019C00103
Western Australia Electoral Act 1907, section 157: https://www.legislation.wa.gov.au/legislation/statutes.nsf/main_mrtitle_290_homepage.html
Western Australia Local Government Act 1995, art. 4.81: https://www.legislation.wa.gov.au/legislation/statutes.nsf/main_mrtitle_551_homepage.html
|
2019/08/01
|
|
Islas Cook
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Teokoati Joseph, Chief Probation Officer, Probation Service - Ministry of Justice
|
2012/06/04
|
|
Islas Feroe
|
e. No hay información disponible
|
|
2012/07/09
|
|
Islas Malvinas
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Constitution: “Falkland Islands Constitution Order 2008”, Section 36: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/FK/falkland-islands-constitution-2008/ ;
Electoral Law: “Electoral Ordinance 1988”, Section 125, 168: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/FK/falkland-islands-electoral-ordinance-1988/ ;
|
2022/04/19
|
|
Islas Marinas del Norte
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
https://www.votecnmi.gov.mp/downloads/CEC_Regulation.pdf
Election commission regulation
https://cnmilaw.org/cons.php#gsc.tab=0
Constitution, Article 8, section 3
|
2024/12/11
|
|
Islas Marshall
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Chief electoral officer. Any disputes must be made before the elections, no complaints are possible after the elections.
Fuente:
Elections and Referenda Act, as amended, sec. 180 (1).
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/natlex4.detail?p_lang=en&p_isn=87647&p_country=MHL&p_count=67
|
2023/10/12
|
|
Islas Pitcairn
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Laws of Pitcairn Chapter XI Local Government Ordinance, Part IV, Article 30(1-3)
http://www.government.pn/Laws/Cap%2011%20-%20Local%20Government%20Ordinance.pdf
|
2019/11/05
|
|
Islas Salomón
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Constitution of 1978, amended 2014, Art. 52 (1-a).
Constitution (2014): https://constituteproject.org/constitution/Solomon_Islands_2014.pdf?lang=en
Amendment 2018: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/SB/solomon-islands-constitution-amendment-2018
National Parliament Electoral Provisions Act (2010 Consolidated Version), sec. 82-83: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/SB/solomon-islands-national-parliament-electoral-3/view (2014).
|
2019/02/28
|
|
Islas Turcas y Caicos
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Constitution: “The Constitution of the Turks and Caicos Islands”, Section 53: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TC/turks-and-caicos-constitution-2014/ ;
Electoral Law: “Elections Ordinance”, Section 60: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TC/turks-and-caicos-elections-ordinance-2018/
|
2025/09/30
|
|
Islas Vírgenes Americanas
|
e. No hay información disponible
|
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Islas Vírgenes Británicas
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Office of the Supervisor of Elections. (n.d.).
Retrieved from http://www.bvi.gov.vg/departments/office-supervisor-elections
|
2019/02/15
|
|
Israel
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
BASIC LAW: THE KNESSET (5718 - 1958) : https://main.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/Documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawTheKnesset.pdf
The Knesset Election Law (Combined Version), 5729, 1969
Central Elections Committee, Greetings from the Chairman: https://bechirot21.bechirot.gov.il/election/English/Committees/Pages/Chair_eng.aspx
|
2019/05/01
|
|
Italia
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
Fuente:
Electoral Law: "Testo Unico delle Leggi Elettorali", Art. 12 and 13;
https://www.normattiva.it/uri-res/N2Ls?urn:nir:stato:decreto.del.presidente.della.repubblica:1957-03-30;361!vig=
Code of Administrative Procedure, Art. 126, 130, 132
|
2020/07/18
|
|
Jamaica
|
a. Judicial
|
The Magistrate Residents in the parish involved.
Fuente:
Representation of the People Act, art 47
|
2011/08/01
|
|
Japón
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Public Offices Election Act, Art. 204 and 208:
https://elaws.e-gov.go.jp/search/elawsSearch/elaws_search/lsg0500/detail?lawId=325AC1000000100
|
2019/07/09
|
|
Jordania
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 71: http://www.kinghussein.gov.jo/constitution_jo.html (2016)
|
2016/08/01
|
|
Kazajistán
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Constitutional Law on Elections of the Republic of Kazakhstan, amended as of June 29, 2018, article 49: https://www.election.gov.kz/eng/election-legal-framework/the-laws-of-the-rk.php
|
2024/10/17
|
|
Kenia
|
a. Judicial
|
The High Court shall have jurisdiction to hear and determine any question relating to an election
Fuente:
The Constitution of Kenya, art. 87, 140
|
2024/12/06
|
|
Kirguizistán
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 44-45: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
|
2025/05/07
|
|
Kiribati
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Article 60, Constitution
Article 34 (1), Elections Ordinance
|
2020/05/01
|
|
Kuwait
|
d. Otro
|
Fuente:
Law No. 35 of 1962 on the election of members of Parliament with its amendments, art. 41, 42: http://www.gcc-legal.org/mojportalpublic/LawAsPDF.aspx?opt&country=1&LawID=2687#Section_3508 (2013)
|
2013/01/31
|
|
Laos
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Law No. 37/PO on the Election of Members of the National Assembly, art. 24 (7): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LA/Lao-People2019s-Democratic-Republic-Law-on/view
|
2021/02/17
|
|
Lesoto
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
The IEC appoints a tribunal to hear and rule on complaints. Election petitions against IEC decisions are heard by the Electoral Court during elections or the High Court at other times; no appeals may be made against it's decisions.
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitution of Lesotho, art. 69;
National Assembly Electoral Act (2011), art. 124 and 125
|
2017/07/19
|
|
Letonia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Electoral Law: The Saeima Election Law as in force on 19 July 2014, art. 351 (1): http://cvk.lv/pub/public/30870.html?doc_print=1 (2014)
Law: Law on the Central Election Commission as amended on 6 May 2010, art. 6(71) & (8).
|
2014/10/09
|
|
Liberia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
The New Elections Law (2016, with amendments up until and including 2014), Chapter 2, Art. 2.9 (q), http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/LR/liberia-amended-electoral-laws-2014/view
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Libia
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Law No. 4 on the Election of the General National Congress (National Transitional Council of Libya), Art. 31: (Eng) http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/LY/libya-law-no.-4-of-2012-on-the-election-of-the-e/view (Arabic) http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/LY/libya-law-no.-4-of-2012-on-the-election-of-the/view
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Liechtenstein
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Art. 59 (1);
https://www.llv.li/files/rdr/Verfassung-E-01-02-2014.pdf
|
2025/02/04
|
|
Lituania
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
The higher level Electoral Committee. These are Central, Constituency and Polling District Electoral Committees. Decision of the Central Electoral Committee might be appealed to the Parliament or the President, who can bring the case to the Constitutional Court. The decision of the polling district committee on the list of voters may be appealed to the administrative court /tribunal.
The decisions of the Central Electoral Committee may be revised only by the Central Electoral Committee itself or by an effective court ruling.
Fuente:
Republic of Lithuania, Law on the Elections to the Seimas (9 July 1992, as last amended on 22 March 2016 – No XII-2265), art. 16(10), 18(7), 36(1), 86
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/LT/republic-of-lithuania-law-on-elections-to-the-1/at_download/file
|
2020/06/07
|
|
Luxemburgo
|
a. Judicial
|
c) Administrative Tribunal
Fuente:
Electoral law, Art. 276: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/68/Luxembourg_electoral%20code_2003_amended2016_FR.pdf
|
2024/11/20
|
|
Líbano
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
In each electoral constituency one or more registration committee shall be formed and, contrary to any other provision.
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 19: http://www.presidency.gov.lb/English/LebaneseSystem/Documents/Lebanese%20Constitution.pdf
|
2024/11/20
|
|
Macedonia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Article 105: The procedure for the protection of the right to vote is an urgent one. Submissions (objections and complaints) for the protection of the right to vote shall be communicated directly to the competent bodies, through the organs that have made previous decisions. The decisions of the competent bodies made in second instance shall be final. Article 106: Each candidate list submitter has the right to file an objection to the State Election Commission in the procedure for voting, summing up and determining results of the voting. The objection referred to in Paragraph 1 of this Article shall be submitted within 48 hours of the time the irregularities have been found. The State Election Commission is obliged to reach a decision within 48 hours after it has received the objection. A complaint against the decision of the State Election Commission may be lodged before the Supreme Court of the Republic of Macedonia within 48 hours following the receipt of the decision. The complaint shall be lodged through the State Election Commission. Article 107: If any voter or candidate list submitter notices irregularities in the election procedure, he may lodge an objection with the Regional Election Commission (REC) within 48 hours. The REC is obliged to reach a decision within 48 hours after the receipt of the objection. A complaint against the decision of the REC may be lodged before the competent Court of Appeals within 48 hours after the receipt of the decision through the REC. Article 108: The Supreme Court of the Republic of Macedonia and the Courts of Appeals decide on the complaints in a council of five judges selected by drawing lots. The Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeals are obliged to reach a decision within 48 hours after the receipt of a complaint. The Supreme Court and the Courts of Appeals may confirm or change a decision.
Fuente:
Electoral Code of the Republic of Macedonia including 2021 amendments, Art. 31 (2), 37 (2), 48 (1), 147 (1-2): https://www.ifes.org/document/northmacedoniaelectoralcodeupdatesseptember2021pdf
|
2024/11/20
|
|
Madagascar
|
a. Judicial
|
Loi Organique No 2000-014 du 24 août 2000 portant Code Electoral, III, 116 – 121 of the electoral code govern disputes and complaints against electoral officials or other parties and stipulates that these must all be made to the High Constitutional Court
Fuente:
Organic Law n° 2012-005 on the Electoral Code, art. 131: http://mdm-national.mg/bureau/textes-reglementaires/textes-reglementaires/ (2013);
Constitution, art. 116 (4): http://www.ceni-madagascar.mg/dossier/constitution.pdf (2013)
|
2013/02/08
|
|
Malasia
|
a. Judicial
|
a.Election Commission Malaysia (ECM)
b.High Court
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 118: http://confinder.richmond.edu/admin/docs/malaysia.pdf (2013)
|
2013/03/21
|
|
Malaui
|
a. Judicial
|
Election petitions and complaints are handled by the Malawi Electoral Commission (MEC). Appeals against the MEC rulings are made to the High Court.
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitution of the Republic of Malawi, art. 76(2)(c), (3) & (5)(a)
Electoral Law: Presidential, Parliamentary & Local Government Elections Act (No. 10 of 2023). Section 99, 100 and 103.
|
2025/07/01
|
|
Maldivas
|
a. Judicial
|
b.) The Commissioner of Elections.
Fuente:
Constitution 2008, art. 172: http://www.majlis.gov.mv/en/wp-content/uploads/Constitution-english.pdf (2018)
|
2019/02/12
|
|
Malta
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 63: http://www.parlament.mt/constituion-of-malta?l=1 (2012);
General Elections Act, Art. 115: http://www.parlament.mt/general_election_act?l=1 (2012)
|
2012/05/22
|
|
Malí
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
The EMB takes the matter to the constitutional court
Fuente:
Article 57 alinéa 10 et article 46 du Code électoral.
Verified by The EMB takes the matter to the constitutional court, 2008-02-20
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Marruecos
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Organic Law No. 27.11 with respect to the House of Representatives, Art. 87, 88
http://www.sgg.gov.ma/Portals/0/lois/Loi_27-11_Fr.pdf
|
2022/08/02
|
|
Martinica
|
a. Judicial
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
a) Administrative courts for regional, departmental and municipal elections. Le Conseil d'Etat (the Supreme Administrative Court) for European Parliament elections;
c) Le Conseil constitutionnel (the Constitutionnal court) for legislative, presidential and Senate elections.
Fuente:
Anne Renault, Department of elections and political studies, Ministry of Interior, France
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Mauricio
|
a. Judicial
|
In the event of electoral disputes, petitions are heard by a court with at least two judges sitting on the bench. Election petitions must be submitted to the courts within 21 days after the date of the return of results.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: The Representation of the People Act, art. 45-48A.
|
2012/02/25
|
|
Mauritania
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Organic Law No. 2012 - 027 on the establishment of the Independent National Electoral Commission, art. 22
|
2024/10/28
|
|
Mayotte
|
d. Otro
|
d) Administrative judge.
Fuente:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Micronesia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Filed first with the National Election Director
Fuente:
The National Election Code, Title 9, Section 901 (1): http://www.fsmlaw.org/fsm/code/title09/T09_Ch09.htm
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Moldavia
|
a. Judicial
d. Otro
|
Courts and electoral bodies of higher level (the body that is superior to the body having arrived at the decision) decide formal electoral disputes.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Electoral Code No. 1381-XIII of 21.11.97, as amended in 2018, article 71.
|
2021/04/01
|
|
Mongolia
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Electoral Law of 2016 article 115 https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
|
2020/02/17
|
|
Montenegro
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives as amended in 2011, art. 107-110.
https://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-REF(2020)031-e
|
2023/09/27
|
|
Montserrat
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Elections Act, Art. 56
|
2014/08/04
|
|
Mozambique
|
a. Judicial
|
Complaints must be filed immediately with the polling station, which makes an initial decision. Appeals can then be filed with the National Electoral Commission.
The judicial appeal shall be lodged with the National Electoral Commission on the day following the counting of the votes.
Fuente:
Law No. 8/2013 of 27 February 2013 regulating presidential and legislative elections (as amended by Law No. 12/2014), art. 82, 192: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/MZ/Mozambique-Law-No.-12-2014-of-13-April-2014/view (2014)
|
2024/12/04
|
|
México
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
El organismo electoral nacional, el Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE), sólo es responsable de resolver algunas disputas muy específicas. Es el Tribunal Electoral del Poder Judicial de la Federación (TEPJF) el que resuelve las quejas formales en primera (o en última) instancia.
Fuente:
Constitution: "Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos", art. 99: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/MX/mexico-constitucion-2024/
|
2024/04/12
|
|
Mónaco
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Law 839 regulating communal and national elections, as amended in 2002, Art. 52; https://legimonaco.mc/tnc/loi/1968/02-23-839/
Constitution, Art. 55
|
2023/09/11
|
|
Namibia
|
a. Judicial
|
Appeals against decisions on registration may be made to the magistrates courts.
All other election petitions are heard by the High Court and petitions must be submitted within 30 days of the announcement of the result disputed. The decision of the Court must be rendered with 60 days of the registration of the petition. Appeals may be lodged with the Supreme Court.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Electoral Act, 19, 22-24, 109, 110(1), 116,(3).
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Nauru
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Electoral Act 2016, Art. 93-96. (http://ronlaw.gov.nr/nauru_lpms/files/acts/d83250a1ebdc56c1701fa7aa245af5b1.pdf).
|
2019/07/01
|
|
Nepal
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
A special judiciary tribunal is appointed by the government on the recommendation of Election Commission.
Fuente:
Election Offence and Punishment Act 2017 Chapter 9 , Section 41 (2)Article : http://www.election.gov.np/election/np/election-related-laws-150.html; The Constitution of Nepal 2015 Article 246 (3), 90 and 181 Article www.lawcommission.gov.np/en/documents/2016/01/constitution-of-nepal-2.pdf
|
2018/04/06
|
|
Nicaragua
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
El Consejo Supremo Electoral es quien tiene la responsabilidad de resolver en primera instancia las controversias electorales.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de Nicaragua (2014)”, art. 173 (5, 13):
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/NI/constitucion/constitucion-politica-de-nicaragua-con-reformas-a/ (2016);
Electoral Law No. 331: “Ley Electoral No. 331 (enmendada por la ley No. 790 del 23/05/2012)”, art. 10 (6, 19), 166:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/NI/leyes-electorales/nicaragua-ley-no.-331-ley-electoral-2012/ (2016).
|
2016/06/07
|
|
Nigeria
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
Fuente:
Constitution 1999 (as amended), art. 285: http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text.jsp?file_id=179202 (2013);
Electoral Act 2010, art. 133: http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=5 (2013)
|
2015/03/30
|
|
Niue
|
a. Judicial
|
b) Under the Department of Justice, Lands and Survey
Fuente:
Niue Assembly Act 1966, as amended, Sec. 71.
|
2014/06/23
|
|
Noruega
|
b. Organismo Electoral
d. Otro
|
Disputes are to be settled by the polling officials, whose decision may be appealed to the National Assembly (Storting).
Fuente:
The Election Act, Ch. 13, Art. 13-1:
|
2017/05/19
|
|
Nueva Caledonia
|
d. Otro
|
Administrative Judge
Fuente:
Electoral Code, Articles L.117-1, L.118-1-2 and L.325.
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Nueva Zelandia
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Electoral Act 1993, Art. 229, 230, 231 :
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/NZ/new-zealand-electoral-act-2010/view (2017)
|
2024/07/02
|
|
Níger
|
a. Judicial
|
La Cour Constitutionnelle est juge du contentieux électoral.
Fuente:
- Constitution (2010), art. 120:http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/NE/niger-constitution-2010/;
- Loi No.2014-01 du 28 mars 2014, portant régime général des élections présidentielles, locales et référendaires, art. 59: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/NE/niger-loi-2014-01-du-28-mars-2014-portant-regime/
|
2017/02/01
|
|
Omán
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Basic Statute of the State, as amended by Royal Decree No. 99/2011, (2013), art. 58 (bis 14): https://constitutionnet.org/sites/default/files/oman_basic_statute_of_the_state_2011-english.pdf
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/83508/92277/F2092950230/OMN83508.pdf
|
2025/05/02
|
|
Pakistán
|
a. Judicial
|
Special Election Tribunals are formed to deal with election appeals and petitions by appointing judges of the High Court.
Fuente:
Election Act including 2023 amendments, art. 141: https://ecp.gov.pk/storage/files/2/Elections%20Act%202017%20updated/Updated%20Elections%20Act%202017-231011-105435.pdf
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Palaos
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Voting Rights Act of 1981, as amended, Sec. 1571 (23 PNCA §1571).
|
2016/11/04
|
|
Palestina
|
b. Organismo Electoral
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
Fuente:
Elections Law 2 September 2007 regulating general elections, art. 13 (13), 24, 104: http://www.elections.ps/Portals/0/pdf/Election_Law_%282007-Sept_02%29-EN.pdf (2013)
|
2013/04/08
|
|
Panamá
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Los jueces electorales tendrán conocimiento en primera instancia sobre las controversias siguientes:
1. Las impugnaciones al Padrón Electoral Preliminar.
2. Las que se originen en los partidos políticos producto de los procesos de selección de
candidatos a cargos de elección popular.
3. Las impugnaciones a las postulaciones a cargos de elección popular.
4. Las inhabilitaciones de candidaturas al amparo del artículo 31.
5. Las demandas de nulidad de elecciones y proclamaciones.
Fuente:
Electoral Code: “Código Electoral”, art. 595, 610, 615: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PA/panama-codigo-electoral-2023/
|
2024/12/05
|
|
Papúa Nueva Guinea
|
a. Judicial
|
The National and Supreme court respond to disputes relating to elections.
Fuente:
Organic Law on National and Local-level Government Elections, Section 206: http://www.pngec.gov.pg:7780/i/pngec/organic_law.pdf (2012)
|
2017/03/16
|
|
Paraguay
|
a. Judicial
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
Las reclamaciones sobre candidaturas a cargos nacionales y departamentales deberán presentarse en primera instancia ante los Tribunales Electorales respectivos y las reclamaciones sobre candidaturas a cargos municipales deberán presentarse ante los Juzgados Electorales correspondientes.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Código Electoral Paraguayo (Ley 834/96), art. 165:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PY/paraguay-codigo-electoral-2014/ (2014)
|
2023/03/16
|
|
Países Bajos
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
a) The Judiciary is responsible for disputes on registration of political parties, public funding or submission of lists of candidates.
b) and d) The Election Council and the Chamber of Parliament are responsible for disputes on counting of ballots
Fuente:
OSCE ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, The Netherlands Parliamentary Elections 17 March 2021 (9).
https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/4/0/478501.pdf
|
2022/08/02
|
|
Perú
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
Dentro del sistema electoral peruano, el Jurado Nacional de Elecciones (JNE), a través de los Jurados Electorales Especiales, es el encargado de resolver esas disputas.
Fuente:
Constitution: “Constitución Política del Perú”, art. 178 (4): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PE/peru-constitucion-politica-2019/ ;
Electoral Law: “Ley 26859, orgánica de elecciones”, art. 35: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PE/peru-ley-26859-organica-elecciones-2019/ ;
Organic Law of the National Court of Elections: “Ley 26486, orgánica del Jurado Nacional de Elecciones”, art. 36 (f): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PE/peru-ley-26486-organica-JNE-2019/
|
2020/01/28
|
|
Polinesia Francesa
|
d. Otro
|
"Juge Administratif" (administrative judge)
Fuente:
Elecoral Code, Article L.117-1, L.118-1-2, LO325.
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Polonia
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Election Code: Act of 5 January 2011 on Election Code to the Sejm of the Republic of Poland and to the Senate of the Republic of Poland, article 12(13), 20(4)(5) and 83(1): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/40/POL_Election%20Code.pdf
|
2024/11/13
|
|
Portugal
|
a. Judicial
|
The Corte Nacional Electoral (CNE) is an ethical body, which mainly deals with election campaign issues and campaign financing regulation.
Fuente:
Constitution of the Portuguese Republic, Seventh Revision [2005], Article 113 (7): https://www.parlamento.pt/sites/EN/Parliament/Documents/Constitution7th.pdf
Law governing Elections to the Assembly of the Republic, Articles 117-118: https://www.parlamento.pt/sites/EN/Parliament/Documents/LeiEleitoralARen.pdf
|
2024/10/26
|
|
Puerto Rico
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
La Comisión Estatal de Elecciones tiene la responsabilidad de resolver en primera instancia las controversias electorales.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: “Código Electoral de Puerto Rico de 2020”, art. 3.5: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PR/puerto-rico-ley-58-2020-codigo-electoral-2020/
|
2020/11/03
|
|
Qatar
|
f. No aplicable
|
Fuente:
Constitution: https://www.gco.gov.qa/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/permanent_constitution_state_qatar_en.pdf
|
2025/05/08
|
|
Reino Unido
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Representation of the People Act 1983, Art. 120, 123: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1983/2
|
2025/06/12
|
|
República Centroafricana
|
a. Judicial
|
The High-Court is responsible for bangui voters and CEMI (EMB) is responsible for Provincial voters
Fuente:
Electoral Law N° 09.016, Art. 25: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Centrafrique/CODE_ELECTORAL-RCA-2-octobre-2010.pdf (2016)
|
2021/04/19
|
|
República Checa
|
a. Judicial
d. Otro
|
The competent court is either a regional court or the Supreme Court, depending on what kind of election and the scope of the claim.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Act of Law 247/1995 Coll., on elections to the Parliament of the Czech Republic (amended by 480/2006 Coll.), art. 86-89
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/CZ/czech-republic-act-no.-247-on-elections-to-the/view (2017)
Constitution Article 87
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Czech_Republic_2013?lang=en
|
2023/09/14
|
|
República Dominicana
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
El Tribunal Superior Electoral (TSE) es el órgano competente para juzgar y decidir, con carácter definitivo, sobre los asuntos contenciosos electorales.
Fuente:
Constitución: Constitución de la República Dominicana (2015) art. 214: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DO/republica-dominicana-constitucion-politica-2015/ (2020)
Ley No. 29-11 Regulación sobre el funcionamiento del Tribunal Superior Electoral, art. 13 & 15:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DO/dominican-republic-law-no.-29-11-regulating-the/ (2016)
|
2020/02/04
|
|
Reunión
|
a. Judicial
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
a) Administrative courts for regional, departmental and municipal elections. Le Conseil d'Etat (the Supreme Administrative Court) for European Parliament elections;
c) Le Conseil constitutionnel (the Constitutionnal court) for legislative, presidential and Senate elections.
Fuente:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Ruanda
|
a. Judicial
|
a) The Supreme Court
Fuente:
Loi organique n°03/2010/OL et loi n°27/2010 relative aux élections (2010), art. 71: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/RW/rwanda-organic-law-nb0-17-2003-of-07-07-2003/
|
2018/11/02
|
|
Rumania
|
b. Organismo Electoral
d. Otro
|
a.) Voters' list and petty offences.
b.) Central Electoral Commission in cases regarding the proceedings of the electoral commissions at the polling stations.
Constituency Electoral Commission in cases regarding the proceedings of the electoral commissions at the polling stations.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Law No. 35 of 13 March 2008 for the election to the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, art. 2(17), 9-1(6), 15(1)(c), 17(1)(e), 17(3)(b), 21(2), 24(4), 26(8), 32(3-6), 34(3), 35(6), 40(1), (3-4), 43(3), 45(19-21) & 70(1).
https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/4224/file/ROM%20Election%20Laws_en.pdf
|
2020/08/22
|
|
Rusia
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
b) Electoral commissions at different levels.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Federal Law On Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation amended as of April 5, 2016, article 98: https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwiz-9bZwf6EAxVX4skDHb15AeIQFnoECBEQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.te.gob.mx%2Fvota_elections%2Fpage%2Fdownload%2F16240&usg=AOvVaw3NYZOKj696lT-b9Q5THAwf&opi=89978449
|
2024/03/22
|
|
Samoa
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
The Electoral Law 2019, Article 85 and 86: https://www.palemene.ws/wp-content/uploads/Electoral-Act-2019-Eng.pdf (2021)
|
2021/04/09
|
|
Samoa Americana
|
a. Judicial
d. Otro
|
D. Other - Board of Registration
The Board of Registration is the first level of disputes, however the High Court becomes the first level of disputes under the following conditions
* An elector's qualifications are challenged after they vote
* Challenges that relate to causes that would cause a difference in the election result.
Fuente:
High Court, American Samoa Code Annotated Title 6 Elections 6.0901, 6.0902, 6.0903.
Board of Registration, American Samoa Code Annotated Title 6 Elections 6.0223 (a) (d).
|
2017/08/18
|
|
San Cristóbal y Nieves
|
a. Judicial
|
The High Court
Fuente:
Article 36, Constitution
|
2020/04/15
|
|
San Marino
|
b. Organismo Electoral
d. Otro
|
Fuente:
Electoral law N.6 of 31 January 1996, Art. 30, 44 (b): http://www.consigliograndeegenerale.sm/contents/instance18/files/document/21801leggi_5336.pdf (2012)
|
2012/05/28
|
|
San Vicente y las Granadinas
|
a. Judicial
|
Any petition complaining of an undue return or undue election of a member of the House of Assembly should be submitted to the Supreme Court.
Fuente:
St. Vincent and the Grenadines: Electoral Law, art. 57 -59.
|
2021/12/26
|
|
Santa Elena
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Carol George, Office of the Chief Secretary, Saint Helena
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Santa Lucía
|
a. Judicial
|
Every election petition shall be tried before the High Court
Fuente:
Elections Act, art. 88-90.
|
2011/08/03
|
|
Santa Sede
|
f. No aplicable
|
Fuente:
Fundamental Law promulgated by Pope JOHN PAUL II 26 November 2000, effective 22 February 2001, Art. 1 (2): http://www.vaticanstate.va/NR/rdonlyres/3F574885-EAD5-47E9-A547-C3717005E861/2522/FundamentalLaw1.pdf (2012)
|
2012/05/14
|
|
Santo Tomé y Príncipe
|
a. Judicial
d. Otro
|
Fuente:
Electoral Law of the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe n.º 11/90 of 26 November 1990, art. 163, 164: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ST/sao-tome-e-principe-electoral-law
|
2021/06/18
|
|
Senegal
|
a. Judicial
|
The state council (conseil d’état) and the constitutional council (conseil constitutionnel)
Fuente:
Constitution 2012, art. 35: http://www.assemblee-nationale.sn/images/stories/PDF/constitution_du_senegal.pdf (2013);
English: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Senegal_2009?lang=en (2017)
Electoral Code 2012, art. LO.140 - LO.143, L.189, LO.190, LO.191: http://www.elections2012.sn/images/stories/CE2012.pdf (2017)
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Serbia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Law on Election of Members of Parliament, art. 153.
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/RS/serbia-law-on-elections-of-representatives-updated/view
|
2022/07/06
|
|
Seychelles
|
d. Otro
|
The result of a presidential election or a national assembly election shall not be question and subject to review in any court exception an election petition presented to the constitutional court
Fuente:
Elections Act (1996), Section 44
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SC/seychelles-electoral-act-1996/view
|
2025/02/27
|
|
Sierra Leona
|
a. Judicial
|
First level of formal electoral disputes may imply disagreements at the polling station level where officials of the Electoral Comission have cause to resolve emerging problems
Fuente:
The Public Elections Act (2012) art. 137, 138: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SL/sierra-leone-the-public-elections-act-2012-1/;
Abridged version of the Public Elections Act: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SL/sierra-leone-the-public-elections-act-2012/
|
2017/01/13
|
|
Singapur
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Singapore, art. 93A (1, 2): https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Singapore_2010?lang=en (2017);
Parliamentary Elections Act, art. 61: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/SG/singapore-parliamentary-elections-act-2011/view (2017).
|
2017/03/24
|
|
Somalia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Transitional Constitution of 2012, Art. 111G (2-g): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SO/somalia-provisional-constitution-of-2012/view
|
2016/11/25
|
|
Sri Lanka
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
b.) All complaints on the process of voting and counting must be submitted to the returning officer who then forwards them to the election commissioner.
Fuente:
Constitution, Art. 144: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LK/sri-lanka-constitution-as-amended-up-to-9/at_download/file
The Parliamentary Elections Act 1981, Art. 92: https://cmev.files.wordpress.com/2010/01/presidential_election_act.pdf
|
2016/02/04
|
|
Suazilandia
|
d. Otro
|
There is no specific legislation governing dispute resolution, so election petitions are heard by the High Court.
Fuente:
KARUME, S 2003b "Post-mortem of the Swaziland General Election of 2003" IN EISA Election Update: Swaziland 2003 No 2.
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Sudáfrica
|
b. Organismo Electoral
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
b. The Independent Electoral Commission (IEC) and its officer are empowered to resolve objections, appeals and code of conduct disputes through conciliation.
c. Electoral Court - Election petitions are heard by the courts with the Electoral Court acting as final court of appeal. Parties must submit complaints within 48 hours of the announcement of results.
Fuente:
Electoral Act of 1998 (as amended to 2023) Articles 96 & 103: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ZA/electoral-amendment-act-1-of-2023/view
|
2014/05/01
|
|
Sudán
|
a. Judicial
|
Candidates, parties, voters and other persons have the right to submit cases to the committee in the voting center and this sub-committee will submit these cases to the higher committee, which decides if the Special Electoral Tribunal need to be contacted.
Fuente:
The National Elections Act 2008, art. 81: http://www.gurtong.org/ResourceCenter/documents/Reports/Elections-09/nationalelectionsact2008.pdf (2012)
|
2012/08/31
|
|
Sudán del Sur
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Transitional Constitution 2011: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4e269a3e2.html%C2%A0 (2012);
National Elections Act 2012, art. 111, 112
|
2021/06/02
|
|
Suecia
|
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
The Election Review Board is the formal instance for appeals against certain election decisions. An appeal against the final result of an election must be made within ten days of the announcement of the result.
Fuente:
The Instrument of Government, Ch. 3, Art. 12: Official Website of the Parliament: http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Start/Bestall/Sprakversioner/English---engelska1/Sveriges-grundlagar-och-riksdagsordningen1/ (2012);
Electoral Law of 2005, Ch. 15, Section 3 - 15: http://www.val.se/pdf/2005_elections_act.pdf (2012)
|
2014/08/04
|
|
Suiza
|
d. Otro
|
d.) The canton government.
Fuente:
Electoral Law of 17 December 1976 regulating political rights, Art. 77: http://www.admin.ch/ch/f/rs/161_1/index.html (2014)
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Surinam
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
a) Applies to appeals regarding voter registration.
d) The president. Applies to appeals regarding candidate registration.
Fuente:
Electoral Law of 1987, Art. 122 (3), 125 (2), 132 (6): http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Electoral/Sur/suriname.html (2012)
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Sáhara Occidental
|
e. No hay información disponible
|
|
2009/08/14
|
|
Tailandia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, Sec. 222 : https://constitutionnet.org/sites/default/files/2017-05/CONSTITUTION+OF+THE+KINGDOM+OF+THAILAND+(B.E.+2560+(2017)).pdf
Organic Act B.E. 2541 on the Election of Members of the House of Representatives and Senators, Sec. 94: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/TH/thailand-constitution-of-the-kingdom-of-thailand/view
|
2023/10/04
|
|
Tanzania
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 83 (1): https://www.inec.go.tz/uploads/documents/sw-1714455356-1.%20sw-1675190712-sw1499671152-Katiba_ya_Tanzania.pdf
The National Elections Act 2010, art. 110: https://www.inec.go.tz/uploads/documents/sw-1714458261-1506507832-The%20National%20Election%20Act%20%20(CAP%20343)%20Revised%202015).pdf
|
2025/12/01
|
|
Tayikistán
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Constitutional Law On Elections to the Majlisi Oli of the Republic of Tajikistan, amended as of July 26, 2014, article 20.
|
2025/02/17
|
|
Timor-Leste
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Board of Commissioners. Independent Electoral Commission. 6 members, 5 voting members and 1 nonvoting Chief Electoral Officer.
Fuente:
Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 65, 126: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Law no. 5/2006, Law on the Election of the National Parliament, article 3: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
|
2024/10/02
|
|
Togo
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Constitution, art. 104 (2): http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,LEGAL,,LEGISLATION,TGO,456d621e2,48ef43c72,0.html (2013);
Electoral Code No. 2000-07 as amended, art. 164: http://www.legitogo.gouv.tg/annee_txt/2000/Pages%20from%20jo_2000-009-2.pdf (2013)
|
2013/01/03
|
|
Tokelau
|
d. Otro
|
Fuente:
Constitution of Tokelau 2007, Article 16
https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/TK/tokelau-constitution
|
2020/01/22
|
|
Tonga
|
a. Judicial
c. Tribunal electoral especializado
|
a. Supreme Court. c. Only concerning the voter roll.
Fuente:
Electoral Act (as amended in 2014), Art. 6, 26: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/TO/tonga-electoral-amendment-act-2014 (2021)
|
2021/09/13
|
|
Trinidad y Tobago
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Electoral Law: “Representation of the People Act”, Section 106: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TT/trinidad-and-tobago-rop-2016/
|
2021/11/23
|
|
Turkmenistán
|
e. No hay información disponible
|
|
2013/03/05
|
|
Turquía
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Elections shall be held under the general administration and supervision of the judicial organs.
The Supreme Election Council shall execute all the functions to ensure the fair and orderly conduct of the elections from the beginning to the end of polling, carry out investigations and take final decisions on all irregularities, complaints, and objections concerning the elections during and after the polling, and verify the election returns of the members of the Turkish Grand National Assembly. No appeal shall be made to any authority against the decisions of the Supreme Election Council.
The functions and powers of the Supreme Election Council and other election councils shall be determined by law.
The Supreme Election Council shall be composed of seven regular members and four substitutes. Six of the members shall be elected by the Plenary Assembly of the High Court of Appeals, and five members shall be elected by the Plenary Assembly of the Council of State from amongst its own members, by secret ballot and by an absolute majority of the total number of members. These members shall elect a Chairman and a Vice-Chairman from amongst themselves, by absolute majority and secret ballot.
Amongst the members elected to the Supreme Election Council by the High Court of Appeals and by the Council of State, two members from each group shall be designated, by lot, as substitute members. The Chairman and Vice-Chairman of the Supreme Election Council shall not take part in this procedure.
The general conduct and supervision of a referendum on legislation amending the Constitution shall be subject to the same provisions as those relating to the election of deputies.
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, art. 79: https://global.tbmm.gov.tr/docs/constitution_en.pdf
|
2016/01/21
|
|
Tuvalu
|
a. Judicial
|
Chief Justice - High Court
Fuente:
Electoral Provisions (Parliament) Act as amended, art. 56; Constitution, art. 100
|
2012/06/19
|
|
Túnez
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
The disputes should be presented to the municipal offices within 8 days of the voting process.
Fuente:
Organic Law n° 2014-16 of 26 May 2014 on Elections and Referenda, art. 14, 15, 27, 145: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/TN/tunisia-organic-law-on-elections-and-referenda/view (2014).
|
2019/08/05
|
|
Ucrania
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
The Central Election Commission consider appeals and complaints of citizens regarding the decision and action or inactivity of the Election Commission except for appeals and complaints regarding errors in the voter's list. If no other procedure of appeals is established by the law and action or inaction is committed directed toward violation of this law persons or group of citizens can ask the court to consider the case.
Fuente:
The Law on Elections of People's Deputies of Ukraine (last amended in 2019), article 108
https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/en/4061-17
|
2019/03/11
|
|
Uganda
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, art. 61 (f), 104: http://www.ec.or.ug/docs/Constitution_1995.pdf ;
Parliamentary Elections Act as amended in 2020, art. 60
http://www.ec.or.ug/docs/parliamentary%20election%20Act%202005.pdf
|
2026/03/18
|
|
Uruguay
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
La Corte Electoral tiene la facultad de conocer todo lo relacionado con los actos y procedimientos electorales. Será juez de las elecciones en todos los cargos electivos, de los actos de plebiscito y referéndum.
Fuente:
Constitution: Constitución de la República de Uruguay, art. 322 https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/UY/uruguay-constitucion-de-la-republica-2004-vigente/view (2004).
|
2024/12/18
|
|
Uzbekistán
|
a. Judicial
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Fuente:
Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Articles 14, 20, 22, 58, 86: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857
|
2024/08/26
|
|
Vanuatu
|
a. Judicial
|
The Supreme Court
Fuente:
Representation of the People Act, as amended, art. 54 (2): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/VU/vanuatu-representation-of-the-people-act-1982-as/at_download/file
|
2025/03/19
|
|
Venezuela
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Consejo Nacional Electoral, a través del recurso jerárquico.
Fuente:
Electoral Branch Law: “Ley Orgánica del Poder Electoral”, art. 33 (30 & 31): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/VE/leyes-electorales/venezuela-ley-organica-poder-electoral-2002/ ;
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica de Procesos Electorales”, art. 197, 203: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/VE/venezuela-ley-organica-procesos-electorales-2009/
|
2020/11/15
|
|
Vietnam
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Election team (in polling area), if they unable to resolve, the opinion must fowarded to election broad (in constituency).
Fuente:
Law of 1997 on Election of Deputies to the National Assembly, as amended and supplemented by laws No. 31/2001/QH10 and No: 63/2010/QH12, art. 14 (2-h): http://www.moj.gov.vn/vbpq/en/lists/vn%20bn%20php%20lut/view_detail.aspx?itemid=2526 (2016)
|
2021/03/23
|
|
Wallis y Futuna
|
d. Otro
|
Administrative Judge
Fuente:
Electoral Code, Article L.117-1, L.118-1, L.118-2, LO325.
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Yemen
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
General Elections and Referendum Law of 2001, art. 111 - 114: http://www.scer.org.ye/english/generalelectionslaw.htm (2012)
|
2012/08/22
|
|
Yibuti
|
d. Otro
|
Fuente:
Organic Law No. 1/AN/92 regulating Elections, art. 69 - 74: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/DJ/djibouti-electoral-law-1992/view (2016);
Constitution, as amended by Constitutional Law n° 134/AN/06/5 L of 21 Avril 2010, art. 47 (2), art. 77: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Djibouti_2010.pdf?lang=en (2016)
|
2023/07/11
|
|
Zambia
|
b. Organismo Electoral
|
Election petitions must be filed with the High Court.
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Electoral Act, art. 110 & 111.
http://www.elections.org.zm/media/electoral__act_2006.pdf (2016)
|
2016/06/28
|
|
Zanzibar
|
a. Judicial
|
Fuente:
Electoral Act No. 11 of 1984 as amended, art. 115
http://www.temco.udsm.ac.tz/images/stories/Electral_Laws/ZANZIBAR-ELECTION-ACT-2010.pdf (2016)
|
2016/04/05
|
|
Zimbabue
|
a. Judicial
d. Otro
|
Fuente:
Electoral Law: Electoral Act, 160A-160D, 161 & 165.
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ZW/zimbabwe-consolidated-electoral-act-amended-2018/view
|
2023/09/25
|
