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total countries/territories: 31
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| Country/Territory |
Answers |
Comments |
Verified |
|
Albania
|
e. None
|
not applicable
|
2012/02/21
|
|
Algeria
|
e. None
|
No media provide free broadcast time or printed advertisement space for presidential candidates.
Source:
Part 4, Section 2, Articles 184 to 193 from the Algerian Election Law.
|
2005/05/07
|
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Austria
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e. None
|
|
2005/06/09
|
|
Azerbaijan
|
a. Publicly owned
b. Government owned
|
77.2. Public Television and radio companies and periodicals that are founded by state bodies and organizations, or funded by the state budget, which air programming or are distributed in half of the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan or more
77.3 Public Television and radio companies and periodicals that are founded by state bodies and organizations, or funded by the state budget that air in less than half of the territory of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Source:
Election Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan as amended in 2016, art. 77.1, 2,3, art. 78.4, and art. 80: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7885/file/Azerbaijan_Election_am2017_en.pdf (2018).
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2022/02/07
|
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Bahrain
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e. None
|
Not applicable. The King is the Head of State by inherited monarchy. There are no presidential elections.
Source:
Chapter 4, section 1, article 33 (a) of The Constitution of Bahrain 2002. Chapter 1, article 1 (b) of The Constitution of Bahrain 2002.
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2006/05/08
|
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Belarus
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a. Publicly owned
|
Source:
Art 45 et seq., 74 electoral code
|
2005/03/29
|
|
Benin
|
a. Publicly owned
|
Source:
Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the presidential election in 2001, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 5.
|
2005/06/30
|
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Bosnia and Herzegovina
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a. Publicly owned
|
Source:
Election Law of BiH, 2001, Chapter 16 paragraph (2).
|
2005/03/29
|
|
Brazil
|
a. Publicly owned
b. Government owned
c. Privately owned
d. Owned by political parties
|
Source:
Elections Law – Law No. 9,504, of September 30, 1997, Article 36 - 57-J:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/lei-das-eleicoes/lei-das-eleicoes-lei-nb0-9.504-de-30-de-setembro-de-1997
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2024/10/21
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Bulgaria
|
a. Publicly owned
|
The election campaign shall begin and end by an address of the candidates for President and Vice-President on the Bulgarian National Television and on the Bulgarian National Radio. The addresses of the candidates shall be free of charge.
The participation in election disputes of the Bulgarian National Radio and of the Bulgarian National Television shall be paid before the broadcasting according to tariffs determined by the Council of Ministers.
Source:
Law for the Presidental Elections Art 11/a; 11/(d)/1,2
|
2007/01/31
|
|
Czech Republic
|
e. None
|
No presidential elections
|
2005/11/13
|
|
Djibouti
|
b. Government owned
d. Owned by political parties
|
Source:
Elections in Africa
A Data Handbook.1999, Edited by Dieter Nohlen, Bernard Thibaut, and Michael Krennerich
|
2005/05/10
|
|
Eritrea
|
e. None
|
|
2011/06/22
|
|
France
|
a. Publicly owned
|
Source:
Decree No. 2001-213 of 8 March 2001 implementing Law No. 62-1292 of 6 November 1962 on the election of the President of the Republic, Art. 15
|
2012/05/03
|
|
Germany
|
e. None
|
There are no national election campaigns for presidential candidates.
|
2021/11/29
|
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Kenya
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e. None
|
|
2012/03/28
|
|
Kiribati
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e. None
|
There is no free broadcast time. The candidate or the parties have to fund for their own campaign.
Source:
Email from Ms Takiakia Maatia, Chief Electoral Officer, Department of Justice, Kiribati, January 31, 2018
https://www.idea.int/data-tools/country-view/159/55
|
2020/05/05
|
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Lithuania
|
a. Publicly owned
|
Source:
1996 Law on Presidential Elections, article 42 paragraph (1).
|
2005/03/29
|
|
Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of
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a. Publicly owned
|
Source:
law on parliamentary elections and Art 2 Law on presidential elctions
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2005/03/23
|
|
Morocco
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e. None
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Not applicable. There are no presidential elections. Morocco is a constitutional monarchy.
Source:
Chapter 1, Article 1 of the Moroccan Constitution.
|
2005/05/08
|
|
Niger
|
a. Publicly owned
|
Source:
Pr Niandou Souley Abdoulaye
|
2005/06/07
|
|
Portugal
|
a. Publicly owned
|
Source:
Decree-Law no. 319-A/76 of 3 May 1976, Art. 52
|
2012/04/20
|
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Romania
|
a. Publicly owned
|
Source:
Law on the Election of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, 2004, article 57-63.
|
2005/03/30
|
|
Russian Federation
|
a. Publicly owned
|
"Publicly owned" includes state owned and local government owned television stations.
Source:
Act on Election of the President of Russian Federation of 2003. N19/F3.Art. 1-7.
|
2005/03/28
|
|
Slovakia
|
a. Publicly owned
c. Privately owned
|
Comments: The Candidate for the President can use no more than 4 million Slovak crowns VAT incl. for his/her pre-election campaign. This sum shall cover the expenses the candidate paid off or is to pay off, including expenses the third persons paid off or committed to pay off for the Candidate for the President. Should the advert or program be published or broadcast free of charge or for a lower price in media other than Slovak Radio or Slovak Television, their usual price shall be calculated in the stated sum.
Art. 15. para (4)
For the campaign Slovak Radio and Slovak Television shall allocate not more than one hour of their broadcasting time per each Candidate, 10 hours of broadcasting time at the most, in such a way that the determined time for broadcasting shall not put any of the Candidates in a less favorable position. The claim to the broadcasting time must be filed at least five days before the start of the campaign, or it shall lapse. Slovak Radio and Slovak Television shall provide for distinct identification and separation of this broadcasting from other programs.
(5) The holder of the license for radio or TV broadcasting (hereinafter referred to as "the license holder" only) can allocate not more than one hour of broadcasting time for the campaign of each Candidate, 10 hours of broadcasting time at the most. The license holders shall provide for distinct identification and separation of this broadcasting from other programs by broadcasting an announcement for the public that it is a paid political advertising.
(6) The payments for using telecommunication facility11) shall be reimbursed to Slovak Radio and Slovak Television according to the extent of the broadcasting time allocated pursuant to clause (4) from the state budget of the Slovak Republic.
Source:
Art. 5-16. of the presidential election act
|
2007/01/09
|
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Slovenia
|
a. Publicly owned
|
Source:
rt. 8-9. of the LAw on RTV Slovenia
|
2005/04/11
|
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Somalia
|
d. Owned by political parties
|
clan based political parties
Source:
http://64.233.183.104/search?q=cache:mzSpsECs7aMJ:www.apfw.org/data/news/english/Report%2520of%2520the%2520SOJON%2520General%2520Assembly.pdf+somali+election+media+reports&hl=en&ie=UTF-8
|
2005/04/25
|
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Turkey
|
e. None
|
Source:
Art 102 Constitution
|
2005/03/30
|
|
Ukraine
|
a. Publicly owned
|
Art. 32. of the presidential electoral law grants free access to state mass media to candidates, costs of the medium are reimbursed by the EMB
Source:
Art. 32. of the presidential electoral law
|
2005/04/02
|
|
Yemen
|
b. Government owned
|
Source:
Article 51, Section 4 of the Electoral Law of Yemen 2001.
http://www.arab-ipu.org/pdb/RelatedArticlesGvnSPName.asp?SPName=CHRN&StructuredIndexCode=&LawBookID=181120033455535&Year1=&Year2=&YearGorH=
|
2006/11/20
|
