|
total countries/territories: 109
|
|---|
| Country/Territory |
Answers |
Comments |
Verified |
|
Albania
|
d. National level
|
Constituency: 100 places are allocated in single member districts
40 places according to proportionality on national level
Source:
Electoral Code, article 65 et seq.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Algeria
|
d. National level
|
Source:
Electoral Law
Updated on March 10, 2005
|
2009/11/04
|
|
American Samoa
|
b. District level
|
Source:
Revised Constitution of American Samoa Article 2 Legislature Section 2
|
2017/08/18
|
|
Argentina
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Seats are allocated at provincial level.
Source:
Law No. 19.945.
|
2021/12/26
|
|
Armenia
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
Majoritarian at the constituency level and proportional seats at national level.
Source:
Electoral Law: Electoral Code of Armenia (2011), art. 125 & 126
|
2011/08/25
|
|
Australia
|
b. District level
|
Source:
Constitution section 24
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Austria
|
a. Sub-district level
b. District level
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
|
2009/08/12
|
|
Bahamas
|
b. District level
|
Only one MP elected in each district, by the FPTP principle.
Source:
EL: 45.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Bahrain
|
b. District level
|
The Kingdom of Bahrain shall be divided into a number of constituencies each consisting of a number of electoral districts. Each electoral district elects one candidate.
Source:
Decree number 14 for 2002, Organizing Referendums and Elections, Exercising Political Rights. part 3, article 17.
Updated on March 10, 2005
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Bangladesh
|
a. Sub-district level
b. District level
|
Source:
S. M. Asaduzzaman; Public Relations Officer; Bangladesh Election Commission. Email: [email protected]
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Barbados
|
d. National level
|
Source:
Donville Johnson, Chief Electoral Officer, Electoral and Boundaries Commission, Barbados, bdoselcoff(a)caribsurf.com
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Belarus
|
b. District level
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
b) Candidates to the House of Representatives are elected in the special constituencies: there are 110 districts.
c) Election of members to the Council of the Republic: they represent the region or the capital city - 56 of them are elected.
d) Presidential elections: the whole country is one constituency
Source:
Code on Elections, articles 14 and 15.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Belgium
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
c) Constituency level, according to the population of each electoral constituency
Source:
Electoral Code, Art. 165 - 171;
Constitution, Art. 63
|
2012/05/04
|
|
Belize
|
b. District level
|
Source:
Electoral Law: 16.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Benin
|
b. District level
d. National level
|
Source:
article 21 de la loi n°98-006 du 09 mars 2000 portant régime électoral communal et municipal en république du bénin.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Bolivia
|
e. Other
|
The distribution of the total of seats among the Departments, is established by law based on the number of inhabitants in each one of them.
Source:
Political Constitution, Art.60
|
2016/04/12
|
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
d. National level
|
Source:
Election Law, Article 5.32.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Brazil
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Art. 45. The Chamber of Deputies is composed of representatives of the people, elected by the proportional system, in each state, in each territory, and in the Federal District.
§ 1º The total number of deputies, as well as the representation by state and the Federal District, shall be established by complementary law, proportionally to the population, with the necessary adjustments made in the year prior to the elections, so that no unit of the Federation has fewer than eight or more than seventy deputies.
§ 2º Each territory shall elect four deputies.
Art. 46. The Federal Senate is composed of representatives from the states and the Federal District, elected according to the majority principle.
§ 1º Each state and the Federal District shall elect three senators, with a term of eight years.
§ 2º The representation of each state and the Federal District shall be renewed every four years, alternately, by one-third and two-thirds.
§ 3º Each senator shall be elected with two substitutes.
Source:
Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988, Article 45, 46:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/constituicao-federal/constituicao-da-republica-federativa-do-brasil
|
2024/10/14
|
|
Bulgaria
|
d. National level
|
Source:
Elections of Members of Parliament Act, article 106.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Canada
|
b. District level
|
Each electoral district comprises one seat, which is allocated to the candidate who receives the most votes.
Source:
Elections Canada (www.elections.ca)
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Cape Verde
|
b. District level
|
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Chile
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Specially delimited constituencies
Source:
Law of the Tribunal Calificador, 18.460
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Colombia
|
b. District level
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
Source:
CNE
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Costa Rica
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Provinces.
Source:
Constitución, art: 106.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Croatia
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Source:
Electoral Code, article 89 (paragraph 1, point 3).
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Cyprus
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
c) Constituency
Source:
Electoral Law 72 of 1979 as amended, Art. 32
|
2012/04/27
|
|
Côte d'Ivoire
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Circonscription
Source:
DOGOU Alain
Rapporteur de la sous commission des opérations électorales en RCI
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Djibouti
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Members are elected from five multi-member constituencies, each of which holds between 4 and 37 seats based on population
Source:
http://www.pogar.org/countries/elections.asp?cid=4
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Dominica
|
b. District level
|
The House is made up of as many Representatives as the number of constituencies established by the Electoral Boundaries Commission.
Source:
C: 30, 33, 34 and 57.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Ecuador
|
e. Other
|
Regarding national elections, the Andean Parliamentarian are awarded to national level, the Deputies and Provincial Consultants at provincial level, the Municipal Councilmen at communal level.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Egypt
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
For presidency, candidates are elected on a majority-vote national level.
For the legislature, it is a mix of direct election and proportional representation across constituencies. For the House of Representatives, 284 seats are allocated to closed-list proportional representation across four constituencies; two with 40 seats each, and the other two with 102 seats each. In the Senate, 200 seats are direct elected. The other 100 seats allocated to the closed-list system are also divided into four constituencies: two with 13 seats each, and two others with 37 seats each.
Source:
Updated September 2025
|
2025/09/30
|
|
El Salvador
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
The National Assembly seats are allocated at two levels: 20 seats at the national level and 64 seats in 14 multimember constituencies that match the political division of the country into departments.
Source:
Electoral Law 11
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Eritrea
|
f. Not applicable
|
|
2011/06/22
|
|
Fiji
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Seats are allocated on a constituency level
Source:
Constitution Section 50
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Finland
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
c) Constituency level
Source:
Election Act 714/1998 as amended, Section 91
|
2012/05/21
|
|
France
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Constituency
Source:
Electoral Code, Art. L124, L125, L126
|
2012/05/03
|
|
French Guiana
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Each constituency has one seat.
Source:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2009/11/04
|
|
French Polynesia
|
b. District level
|
This district is called a "Circonscription".
Source:
Electoral Code, Article L.394(1).
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Germany
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Elected applicant/national list candidates.
Source:
Federal Electoral Law, Ch. 6, § 41
|
2021/11/19
|
|
Ghana
|
e. Other
|
Constituency level
Source:
The Constitution of the Republic of Ghana Article 47 Clause (1)
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Guadeloupe
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
c) Each constituency has one seat.
Source:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Guyana
|
d. National level
|
Source:
Dr. Steve Surujbally, President of the Elections Commissions, elections(a)sdnp.gy
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Hungary
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
From national lists mandates are obtained on the basis of surplus votes.
Source:
Act XXXIV. of 1989
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Iceland
|
b. District level
d. National level
|
The National Election Board allocates parliamentary seats.
Source:
Björn Fridfinnsson, Ministry of Justice and Ecclesiastical Affairs, bjorn.fridfinnsson(a)dkm.stjr.is
|
2009/11/04
|
|
India
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Single member constituencies
Source:
Subas Pani, Deputy Election Commissioner, Election Commission of India
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Ireland
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
c) Constituency - there are 3, 4, and 5 seat constituencies.
Source:
Constitution, Art. 16(2)
Electoral Act 1992, Art. 119, 120, 121
|
2012/05/10
|
|
Italy
|
b. District level
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
b) At the Constituency level
c) For the Senate the seats are allocated on a regional level.
Source:
Electoral Law: "Testo unico delle leggi elettorali", art.1
|
2012/04/16
|
|
Jamaica
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
|
2025/09/23
|
|
Japan
|
b. District level
|
Source:
Electoral Code, articles 4, 13 and 14.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Jordan
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
For parliamentary elections, seats are allocated at a district level (23 constituencies).
Source:
The 2016 Parliament Elections Law No. 6, art. 8: http://www.entikhabat.jo/sites/default/files/ElectionNo6-2016.pdf (2016)
|
2016/08/05
|
|
Kazakhstan
|
e. Other
|
1. The relevant territorial election commission calculates the amount of votes cast by the respective administrative-territorial unit for each party list that received seven or more percent of the votes of the number of voters who participated in the vote. (Constitutional Law on Elections in the RK, Art. 111-1,1)
Source:
Constitutional Law on Elections of the Republic of Kazakhstan as amended on June 29, 2018, art. 111-1: https://www.election.gov.kz/eng/election-legal-framework/the-laws-of-the-rk.php
|
2020/04/03
|
|
Kenya
|
d. National level
|
Source:
Constitution art. 90
|
2024/12/06
|
|
Kiribati
|
d. National level
|
|
2020/05/02
|
|
Korea, Republic of
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
e) applies to the election for proportional representative National Assembly members.
Source:
AEP, articles 188 and 189.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Lithuania
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
Constituency
Source:
Parliamentary Election Act, article 9
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of
|
d. National level
|
Article 127
(1)The State Election Commission shall tabulate and determine the overall results of the voting in the electoral districts. (2)The State Election Commission shall determine the voting results based on the result tabulated result protocols of the Municipal Election Commissions and the entire election material.(3)The State Election Commission shall determine the results for each individual electoral district separately, according to the total number of won by the individual lists of candidates, based on the aggregated results of the Municipal Election Commission for the polling places in the electoral district for which it is competent. (4)Election results shall be determined by applying the d`Hondt method.(5)Having determined the total number of votes cast for that number of candidates in the electoral district (so-called electorate), each list shall be separately divided by the line of divisors1, 2, 3, 4, etc. until all seats in the electoral district are allocated by applying this principle.(6)The quotients of the division, referred to in paragraph(5)of this article shall be ordered by size and the number of largest quotients to be considered relevant will be the same as the number of Members of Parliament being elected in the electoral district.(7)A list of candidates shall obtain as many parliamentary seats as there are largest quotients out of the number of quotients referred to in paragraph(6)of this article.(8)Should there be two identical quotients when distributing the last seat in the Parliament, the mandate shall be allocated by drawing lots.(9)When allocating the parliamentary seats, the number of candidates elected shall correspond to the number of seats won by the list.(10)Candidates shall be elected from the list of candidates,according to the established sequence
Source:
Electoral Code of The Republic of Macedonia (consolidated version as of February 2019), art. 127:
https://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/electoral_code_of_the_republic_of_north_macedonia_february_2019_english.pdf
|
2020/04/20
|
|
Malaysia
|
a. Sub-district level
|
a) State Constituencies.
b) Parliamentary Constituencies.
Source:
Election Commission Malaysia (ECM)
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Marshall Islands
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
constituency
Source:
Constitution of the Marshall Islands Article 4 Section 2 clause 1.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Martinique
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
c) Each constituency has one seat.
Source:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Micronesia, Federated States of
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Seats are allocated at state level. The Congress consists of one member elected at large from each state on the basis of state equality, and additional members from congressional districts in each state apportioned by population.
Source:
Constitution of the Federated States of Micronesia Article 9 Section 8: http://fsmlaw.org/fsm/constitution/article9.htm (2021)
|
2021/04/06
|
|
Moldova, Republic of
|
b. District level
|
Source:
Electoral code Article 64
|
2021/03/31
|
|
Monaco
|
d. National level
|
Source:
Law 839 regulating communal and national elections, as amended, Art. 20-1
|
2012/04/27
|
|
Montenegro
|
b. District level
d. National level
|
The total number of votes received by each candidate list and the number of seats which pertain to each of the lists shall be established by the municipal election commission for election of councillors and by the State Election Commission for election of members of parliament respectively.
Each candidate list shall receive the number of seats proportionate to the number of votes received, in accordance with this Law.
Source:
Electoral Law: Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives as amended in 2016, Art. 93
https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7743/file/Montenegro_Law_elections_councillors_members_of_parliament_1998_am2016_en.pdf
|
2021/12/23
|
|
Morocco
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Constitutencies. 325 member House of Representatives (Majlis al-Nawab), popularly elected for five years.
Source:
Constitution, part 3, article 36.
Updated on March 10, 2005
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Nepal
|
b. District level
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
e.) Constituency level.
Source:
Constitution, articles 45(2) and 46(1).
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Netherlands
|
d. National level
|
Source:
Heemskerk, Ruud, Member of the National Election Board, stemid(a)worldonline.nl
|
2009/11/04
|
|
New Caledonia
|
b. District level
|
This district is called a "Circonscription".
Source:
Electoral Code, Article L.394(1).
|
2009/11/04
|
|
New Zealand
|
e. Other
|
New Zealand uses a Mixed Member Proportional System. Every voter casts two votes: one vote is distributed with the First-Past-the-Post method on an electorate-level, the other is nationwide and seats are distributed on a proportional basis.
Source:
New Zealand Elections Official Website: http://www.elections.org.nz/elections/votingsystems/the-mixed-member-proportional-system-mmp.html (2010)
|
2024/07/12
|
|
Niger
|
b. District level
|
Source:
Article 112 du Code Electoral pour les législatives
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Nigeria
|
f. Not applicable
|
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Niue
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
C - constituency
Source:
C. Village, D common (national( roll)
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Norway
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
One hundred and fifty of the representatives to the Storting are elected as representatives of constituencies and the remaining nineteen representatives are elected as members at large.
Source:
Constitution, Art. 59: http://www.stortinget.no/en/In-English/About-the-Storting/The-Constitution/The-Constitution/ (2012)
|
2012/05/22
|
|
Pakistan
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
c.) Constituency level
Source:
The Delimitation of Constituencies Act, 1974.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Palestine
|
b. District level
|
Source:
EL.5
Updated on March 10, 2005
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Papua New Guinea
|
b. District level
|
Provincial/Open Electorates/LLG
Source:
Papua New Guinea Electoral Commission
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Paraguay
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
For the lower chamber at department level and for the Senate at the national level.
Source:
National Constitution of Paraguay, Articles 221 and 223.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Philippines
|
b. District level
|
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Romania
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
The distribution and assignment of the deputy and senator mandates shall be carried out in two stages: at the level of each constituency, and at the level of the whole country.
Source:
Law on Election of the Parliament, article 66.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Russian Federation
|
b. District level
d. National level
|
b) Concerning single-member districts
Based on the data of the protocols of voting returns, including the data transmitted via technical communication channels from precinct election commissions set up in the electoral precincts on ships at sea, at polar stations, in remote and hard-to-reach areas or outside the territory of the Russian Federation, after making sure that the protocols have been drawn up correctly, a territorial election commission shall tabulate the voting returns for the given territory by adding up all data contained in the protocols not later than two days after voting day. The data contained in the protocols of precinct election commissions shall be added up directly by the voting members of the territorial election commission. This may be witnessed by the persons indicated in Clause 5 Article 29 of this Federal Law.
d) Concerning the federal list.
Source:
Federal Law on the Election of Deputies of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, Chapter X, article 78(1)
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Réunion
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
c) Every constituency elects one candidate.
Source:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Saint Kitts and Nevis
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
The candidate who on the completion of the count is found to have the largest number of votes shall then be declared by the returning officer to be elected as the member for the constituency.
Source:
Article 88, National Assembly Elections Act
|
2020/04/19
|
|
Saint Lucia
|
b. District level
|
The country is divided in single member constituencies.
Source:
C: 33.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
|
b. District level
|
Single member constituencies.
Source:
Constitution of St. Vincent and the Grenadines 1979, Articles 23 and 33.
|
2021/12/27
|
|
Seychelles
|
d. National level
|
Source:
Elections Act (1996) section 38 3(a)
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Sierra Leone
|
f. Not applicable
|
Seats are allocated at constituency level in blocks, based on proportional representation concept
Source:
National Electoral Commission Act 2002
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Slovakia
|
d. National level
|
There is only one constituency
Article 41 Conditions for allocating mandates
(1) The Central Election Commission shall find how many valid votes were in total cast for each political party. It shall find the number of valid votes for coalitions of political parties in case paragraph 3 does not apply for the coalition.
(2) The Central Election Commission shall further determine which political party received less than 5 % of the total number of valid votes.
(3) In further determination of election results and the allocation of mandates, the political party described in paragraph 2 and votes cast to it are not taken into consideration. Should this political party be a member of a coalition, other political parties are considered as if they submitted the List of Candidates independently.
(4) Should the Central Election Commission find that the requirement pursuant to paragraph 2 was not met by any political party, it shall lower the threshold of five percent to the threshold of four percent.
Source:
PARLIAMENTARY ELECTION ACT ART. 41.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Slovenia
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
The seats are allocated at the level of constituencies, and compensatory seats are allocated at national level.
Source:
Electoral Code, article 90 et seq.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Somalia
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Source:
elections bill 2000
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Spain
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
c) Constituencies
Source:
Electoral Law 5/1985 of 19 June ("Ley Orgánica del Régimen Electoral General"), Art. 163
|
2012/04/17
|
|
Sri Lanka
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
The Delimitation Commission shall divide Sri Lanka into not less than twenty and not more than *[twenty-five] Electoral Districts and shall assign names thereto.
The several electoral districts shall together be entitled to return one hundred and ninety-six members.
The electoral districts of each Province shall together be entitled to return four members, (independently of the number of members which they are entitled to return by reference to the number of electors whose names appear in the registers of electors of such electoral districts) and the Delimitation Commission shall apportion such entitlement equitably among such electoral districts.
Source:
Constitution, article 96(1&4) and 98(1&3): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LK/sri-lanka-constitution-as-amended-up-to-9/at_download/file
|
2016/02/09
|
|
Sudan
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
The National Assembly shall comprise of 360 deputy members elected according to the following:
a) 270 deputies are elected from the constituencies.
b) 90 deputies voted by special voting and indirect voting in the following manner:
35 female deputies elected by special voting from female voters. Each deputy represents one province, except for the most inhabited three provinces where each province is represented by three deputies, and the next more inhabited three provinces where each province is represented by two deputies.
26 deputies are elected by special voting from voters from the scientific section registered in each province, where each province is represented by one deputy,
29 deputies are elected by indirect voting from the professional section registered in the province in the following manner: - 11 deputies are elected by members of the Workers Union General National Conference; - 10 deputies elected by members of the Farmers Union General National Conference; - 3 deputies elected by members of the Employers Union General National Conference; - 5 deputies elected by members of the Shepherds Union General National Conference.
Source:
General Elections Law (No.15, 1998),chapter 9.
Updated on March 10, 2005
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Sweden
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
c) Constituency level.
Source:
Electoral Law of 2005, Ch. 14, Section 1 - 5: http://www.val.se/pdf/2005_elections_act.pdf (2012)
|
2012/05/15
|
|
Switzerland
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
c) Canton level
Source:
Electoral Law of 17 December 1976 regulating political rights, Art. 40, 41, 42: Official website of the Swiss administration: http://www.admin.ch/ch/f/rs/161_1/index.html (2012);
Constitution, Art. 149
|
2012/05/14
|
|
Timor-Leste
|
b. District level
d. National level
|
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Tonga
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Constituency level.
Source:
Campbell in Elections in Asia and the Pacific p, 815.;
Electoral Act Section 4(2) https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/TO/tonga-electoral-act-1989-1 (2021)
|
2021/09/15
|
|
Tunisia
|
d. National level
|
Source:
Electoral Law, chapter 3, section 7, article 105.
Updated on March 10, 2005
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Turkey
|
d. National level
|
Source:
Sabri Coskun, former Deputy President, Higher Council of Elections,
arikan(a)hacettepe.edu.tr
|
2015/06/01
|
|
Turks and Caicos Islands
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
Source:
The Turks and Caicos Islands Constitution (Amendment) Order 2024
|
2025/09/30
|
|
Tuvalu
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
"Plurality system in four single-member constituencies and four two-member constituencies. Each of the 8 main islands of Tuvalu represent one constituency, the ninth and scarcely inhabited island Niulakita belongs to the Niutao constituency. Those constituencies whose population is smaller than 1,000 ... return 1 member, those with a population exceeding 1,000 ... return 2 members each to Parliament." Somoza in Elections in Asia and the Pacific, p,287
Note these costituencies are regional but are referred to as "electoral districts".
Source:
Alexander Somoza in Elections in Asia and the Pacific, p,287.
Constitution Section 82.
Electoral Provisions Section 3.
Electoral Provisions Regulation 25(i)(b)
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Ukraine
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
c.) 225 candidates shall be elected in single-mandate electoral constituencies on the basis of of simple majority.
d.) On all-state elections when citizens vote for parties or block of parties, allocation of the seats is the duty of the Central Election Commission, through the electoral quota.
Source:
The Law on Elections of People's Deputies of Ukraine, article 73-74
|
2009/11/04
|
|
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Constituency
Source:
Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011, Schedule 2, Section 3
|
2012/05/09
|
|
Uruguay
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
d. National level
|
c. departament
d. Seats to the Chamber of Representatives are allocated at the departamental level, however, this is done by summing up the votes obtained by each party at a national level.
Source:
Mr. Carlos Urruty, President, Corte Electoral
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Vanuatu
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
C. Constituency
Source:
. Representation of the People (Parliamentary Electoral constituencies and seats) regulations.
|
2016/01/27
|
|
Venezuela
|
d. National level
|
Source:
LOSPP, art. 179
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Viet Nam
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
The number of electoral units and number of Deputies to be elected by each is based on population. Each unit may elect no more than three Deputies, and each province and city directly under the central government authority is allotted at least three seats; Hanoi, the capital, is allocated 23 Deputies.
Source:
http://www.appf.org.pe/members/023about.htm#systeme_electoral
|
2021/03/24
|
|
Wallis and Futuna
|
b. District level
|
This district is called a "Circonscription".
Source:
Electoral Code, Article L.394(1).
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Yemen
|
a. Sub-district level
|
The Parliament shall be composed of (301) members to be elected by direct, free, equal and secret balloting. The country shall be divided into (301) constituencies that are demographically equal in view of the general census.
Source:
General Elections and Referendum Law 2001, chapter 5, section 1, article 52.
Updated on March 10, 2005
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Zanzibar
|
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
|
Each constituency elects its own representative by a first-past-the-post system.
Source:
Ame, Khamis A, Zanzibar Director of Elections. Electoral Commission Questionaire, Compiled by the Electoral Institute of Southern Africa.
|
2009/11/04
|
|
Zimbabwe
|
f. Not applicable
|
|
2018/10/31
|
