Info
Electoral Systems
ES001
Head of State
Question: How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s):
a . Head of State is the Head of Government c . Directly elected in general elections (absolute majority with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: Article 76:
The Executive Power is exercised by the President of the Republic, assisted by the Ministers of State.
Article 77:
The election of the President and Vice President of the Republic will take place simultaneously on the first Sunday of October in the first round, and on the last Sunday of October in the second round, if necessary, in the year prior to the end of the current presidential term.
§ 3º If no candidate obtains an absolute majority in the first vote, a new election will be held within twenty days after the proclamation of the result, with the two most-voted candidates competing, and the candidate who obtains the majority of valid votes will be considered elected.
Electoral Code:
Article 86:
In presidential elections, the jurisdiction will be the country; in federal and state elections, the state; and in municipal elections, the respective municipality.
Source: Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988, Article 76, 77:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/constituicao-federal/constituicao-da-republica-federativa-do-brasil
Electoral Code - Law No. 4,737, of July 15, 1965, Article 86:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/codigo-eleitoral-1/codigo-eleitoral-lei-nb0-4.737-de-15-de-julho-de-1965
Verified: 2024/10/22
ES002
Head of Government
Question: How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer:
b . Directly elected in general elections, absolute majority (with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: Article 76:
The Executive Power is exercised by the President of the Republic, assisted by the Ministers of State.
Article 77:
The election of the President and Vice President of the Republic will take place simultaneously on the first Sunday of October in the first round, and on the last Sunday of October in the second round, if necessary, in the year prior to the end of the current presidential term.
§ 3º If no candidate obtains an absolute majority in the first vote, a new election will be held within twenty days after the proclamation of the result, with the two most-voted candidates competing, and the candidate who obtains the majority of valid votes will be considered elected.
Electoral Code:
Article 86:
In presidential elections, the jurisdiction will be the country; in federal and state elections, the state; and in municipal elections, the respective municipality.
Source: Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988, Article 76, 77:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/constituicao-federal/constituicao-da-republica-federativa-do-brasil
Electoral Code - Law No. 4,737, of July 15, 1965, Article 86:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/codigo-eleitoral-1/codigo-eleitoral-lei-nb0-4.737-de-15-de-julho-de-1965
Verified: 2024/10/22
ES003
President
Question: Does the country have a president?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Article 76:
The Executive Power is exercised by the President of the Republic, assisted by the Ministers of State.
Article 77:
The election of the President and Vice President of the Republic will take place simultaneously on the first Sunday of October in the first round, and on the last Sunday of October in the second round, if necessary, in the year prior to the end of the current presidential term.
Article 78:
The President and Vice President of the Republic shall take office in a session of the National Congress, taking an oath to uphold, defend, and comply with the Constitution, observe the laws, promote the general welfare of the Brazilian people, and maintain the unity, integrity, and independence of Brazil.
Source: Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988, Article 76, 77, 78:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/constituicao-federal/constituicao-da-republica-federativa-do-brasil
Verified: 2024/10/22
ES004
Number of Chambers
Question: The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer:
b . Two chambers
Comments: Article 44:
The Legislative Power is exercised by the National Congress, which is composed of the Chamber of Deputies and the Federal Senate.
Source: Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988, Article 44:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/constituicao-federal/constituicao-da-republica-federativa-do-brasil
Verified: 2024/10/22
ES005
Electoral System (Chamber 1)
Question: What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s):
g . List Proportional Representation
Comments: Article 45:
The Chamber of Deputies is composed of representatives of the people, elected by a proportional system in each state, in each territory, and in the Federal District.
§ 1º The total number of deputies, as well as the representation by state and by the Federal District, shall be established by complementary law, proportionally to the population, making the necessary adjustments in the year prior to the elections, so that none of those units of the Federation has fewer than eight or more than seventy deputies.
§ 2º Each territory shall elect four deputies.
Article 46:
The Federal Senate is composed of representatives of the states and the Federal District, elected according to the majority principle.
§ 1º Each state and the Federal District shall elect three senators, with a term of eight years.
§ 2º The representation of each state and the Federal District shall be renewed every four years, alternately by one-third and two-thirds.
§ 3º Each senator shall be elected with two alternates.
Article 47:
Unless otherwise provided by constitutional provisions, the deliberations of each House and its committees shall be taken by a majority of votes, with the absolute majority of its members present.
Electoral Code:
Article 83:
In direct elections for the Federal Senate, for mayor, and for vice mayor, the majority principle shall be adopted.
Article 84:
Elections for the Chamber of Deputies, legislative assemblies, and municipal chambers shall adhere to the principle of proportional representation as outlined in this law.
Article 85:
Elections for federal deputies, senators and their alternates, the President and Vice President of the Republic, governors, vice governors, and state deputies shall be held simultaneously throughout the country.
Source: Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988, Article 45, 46, 47:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/constituicao-federal/constituicao-da-republica-federativa-do-brasil
Electoral Code - Law No. 4,737, of July 15, 1965, Article 83, 84, 85:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/codigo-eleitoral-1/codigo-eleitoral-lei-nb0-4.737-de-15-de-julho-de-1965
Verified: 2024/10/22
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