|
total countries/territories: 112
|
|---|
| Country/Territory |
Answers |
Comments |
Verified |
|
Albania
|
a. Government
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
The people, through 50,000 citizens entitled to vote, have the right to a referendum for the abrogation of a law, and to request the President of the Republic to call a referendum on issues of special importance.
The Assembly, on the proposal of not less than one-fifth of the deputies or on the proposal of the Council of Ministers, can decide that an issue or a draft law of special importance be submitted to referendum. ………
The Assembly may decide, by two-thirds of all its members, that a proposed constitutional amendment shall be voted on in a referendum.
Source:
Art. 150, 177 sec. 4 Constitution
|
2006/11/02
|
|
Algeria
|
c. President
|
Source:
Article 174, Constitution
|
2005/04/29
|
|
American Samoa
|
a. Government
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
Source:
Filivaa M. Mageo, Deputy Director of Elections, Territorial Election Office
|
2007/01/08
|
|
Andorra
|
a. Government
d. Legislative majority
f. Other (specify)
|
a) The Head of Government (the "Cap de Govern")
d) The "Síndic General"
f) The Co-Princes (the "Coprínceps")
C:III:45 "The Coprínceps, with the countersignature of the Cap de Govern, or when appropriate, of the Síndic General, as politically responsible: [...] b) Call for a referendum in accordance with articles 76 and 106 of the Constitution."
Source:
The Constitution of the Principality of Andorra, Article 45
|
2006/10/26
|
|
Angola
|
c. President
|
c) The President can however only initiate a referendum if this has been proposed by Parliament:
C:73 "(1) The President of the Republic may, on the proposal of the Government or the National Assembly, submit to a referendum [...]"
Source:
The Constitution of Angola, Article 73 (1)
|
2006/10/26
|
|
Anguilla
|
g. Not applicable
|
|
2006/10/30
|
|
Antigua and Barbuda
|
d. Legislative majority
|
Parliament shall adopt the necessary provisions to conduct any referendum.
Source:
Constitution, Chapter IV, Part 2, Section 47, subsection 7
|
2006/03/17
|
|
Argentina
|
g. Not applicable
|
|
2021/12/26
|
|
Austria
|
d. Legislative majority
|
Source:
Art. 43 B-VG.
|
2005/04/26
|
|
Azerbaijan
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
|
The Milli Majlis of the Republic of Azerbaijan schedules a referendum;
The President of the Republic of Azerbaijan decides on the holding of a referendum;
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan with amendments through 2016, Art. 95, 109.
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Azerbaijan_2016.pdf?lang=en
|
2022/02/07
|
|
Bahamas
|
d. Legislative majority
|
C:54 "(1) Subject to the provisions of this Article, Parliament may, bay an Act of Parliament passed by both Houses, alter any of the provisions of this Constitution or (in so far as it forms part of the law of the Bahamas) any of the provisions of The Bahamas Independence Act, 1973. (2) In so far as it alters- [...] (ii) the Bill, after its passage through both Hose, has been submitted to the electors qualified to vote for the election of members of the House of Assembly and, on a vote in such manner as Parliament may prescribe the majority of the electors voting have approved the Bill. (3) In so far as it alters- (ii) the Bill, after its passage through both Houses has been submitted to the electors qualified to vote for the elections of members of the House of Assembly and, on a vote taken in such manner as Parliament may prescribe the majority of the electors voting have approved the Bill."
Source:
The Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Bahamas (CCB) Art. 54 (2.ii and 3.ii)
|
2006/11/15
|
|
Bahrain
|
f. Other (specify)
|
The King
Source:
Article 43, Constitution
|
2005/05/01
|
|
Belarus
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
National referenda shall be called on the initiative of the President of the Republic of Belarus, as well as on the initiative of the Council of the Republic or House of Representatives, which is taken at their separate sittings by a majority of the full number of deputies of each house, or on the initiative of no fewer than 450,000 citizens eligible to vote, including no fewer than 30,000 citizens from each of the regions (oblasts) and city of Minsk.
Source:
Art 73 Constitution
|
2005/03/25
|
|
Belgium
|
g. Not applicable
|
|
2012/05/04
|
|
Benin
|
c. President
f. Other (specify)
|
Source:
Constitution, Articles 4; 58 and 108.
|
2005/06/30
|
|
Botswana
|
d. Legislative majority
|
Although the President issues a writ of referendum (in terms of section 5 of the Referendum Act), in terms of section 89 (3)(ii) of the Constitution a Bill that is to be submitted to a referendum under section 89 (4) must have been "supported by the votes of not less than two-thirds of all the Members of the [National] Assembly".
Source:
The Constitution of Botswana, Section 89 (4); The Referendum Act of the Laws of Botswana, Chapter 02:10 section 5
|
2006/10/17
|
|
Bulgaria
|
a. Government
c. President
f. Other (specify)
|
f) One fourth of the MPs (60 in our case since the National Assembly consists of 240 members)
Source:
Law for referendums, article 6
|
2006/11/03
|
|
Burkina Faso
|
a. Government
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
Source:
Assemblee Nationale
|
2005/04/12
|
|
Cambodia
|
g. Not applicable
|
|
2006/11/06
|
|
Cameroon
|
c. President
|
The President of the Republic may, after consulting with the President of the Constitutional Council, the President of the National Assembly and the President of the Senate, submit to a referendum any reform bill which,although normally reserved to the legislative power, could have profound repercussions on the future of the Nation and national institutions
Source:
Electoral Code Chapter VII section 197: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
|
2018/11/07
|
|
Canada
|
a. Government
|
a) The Governor in Council may proclaim that a referendum be held in one or more provinces or territories if it considers that it is in the public interest to obtain by means of a referendum the opinion of electors on any question relating to the Constitution of Canada (s. 3(1) of the Referendum Act).
Source:
The Referendum Act of Canada
|
2006/12/10
|
|
Cape Verde
|
a. Government
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
C:ChII:109 "1. The referendum at the national level shall be convened by the President of the Republic, at the initiative of the people, the National Assembly or the Government. 2. At the people's initiative, the President of the Republic may convene a referendum on any matter relevant to national interest, at the request of thirty thousand citizens, after the political parties
represented in the National Assembly and the Council of the Republic are heard. 3. The request referred to in the preceding paragraph should be sponsored by a minimum of ten per cent of the electors, residing in, at least, seven islands. 4. The proposal of the National Assembly shall be approved by two thirds of the deputies present, if the number is higher than the absolute majority of the deputies on active duty."
Source:
The Constitution of the Republic of Cape Verde, article 109
|
2006/11/28
|
|
Chile
|
c. President
|
|
2005/04/05
|
|
Colombia
|
e. Registered electors
f. Other (specify)
|
|
2005/06/23
|
|
Comoros
|
g. Not applicable
|
|
2006/11/28
|
|
Congo (Brazzaville)
|
a. Government
c. President
d. Legislative majority
|
C:79 "(1) The President of the Republic can, upon the initiative of the Government during its sessions or upon the initiative of the National Assembly published in the Official Journal, submit to referendum any bill or proposition of law effecting areas susceptible to have great consequences upon the functioning of institutions or on society. (2) When the referendum has ended in the adoption of the bill or proposition, the President of the Republic shall promulgate it within the time limit prescribed in the previous article."
C:101 "(1) The Parliament shall have the legislative initiative and alone pass the law. It shall establish taxes and pass the budget of the State and control its execution. It shall be obligated with this task at the opening of the Oct session. (2) It shall have the initiative of legislative and constitutional referendums."
Source:
The 1992 Constitution of the Congo, articles 79 and 101
|
2006/11/28
|
|
Croatia
|
a. Government
c. President
|
Source:
Mr. Damir Azenic, GONG
|
2005/11/14
|
|
Cyprus
|
g. Not applicable
|
|
2012/04/26
|
|
Côte d'Ivoire
|
c. President
|
Source:
Article 43 de la Constitution
|
2005/04/06
|
|
Denmark
|
f. Other (specify)
|
f) 1/3 of the Members of Parliament
|
2006/11/28
|
|
Djibouti
|
c. President
f. Other (specify)
|
f) Deputies.
C:87 "The President of the Republic and the deputies alike shall have the right to initiate the amendment of the Constitution. For it to be discussed, any parliamentary bill for amendment must be signed by at least one-third of the members of the National Assembly. The government or parliamentary bill for amendment must receive the votes of the majority of members of the National Assembly, and shall become definitive only after approval by referendum, by simple majority of the votes cast. Nevertheless, the referendum procedure may be dispensed with at the decision of the President of the Republic; in this case, the government or parliamentary bill for amendment shall be approved only if it is accepted by a two-thirds majority of the members of the National Assembly."
Source:
The 1992 Constitution of Djibouti, article 87
|
2006/11/29
|
|
Ecuador
|
c. President
e. Registered electors
|
Source:
Constitución Política: Arts., 105 y 108
|
2005/04/26
|
|
Egypt
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
|
"The amendment of one or more of the Constitution articles may be requested by the President of the Republic or one-fifth of the members of the House of Representatives. The request specifies the articles to be amended and the reasons for the amendments."
Source:
Article 226, Constitution (2014, revised 2019).
|
2025/09/30
|
|
Eritrea
|
a. Government
b. EMB
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
Source:
Eritrean referendum proclamation no. 22/1992
|
2005/04/06
|
|
Estonia
|
c. President
f. Other (specify)
|
c-f) C:161 "(1) The right to initiate amendment of the Constitution rests with not less than one-fifth of the membership of the Riigikogu and with the President of the Republic." The Riigikogu Rules of Procedure Act, art. 128: "(1) The following have the right to initiate a referendum in order for a draft Act to be passed or a decision to be taken on another national issue: 1) members of the Riigikogu; 2) factions of the Riigikogu;
3) committees of the Riigikogu."
Source:
The Constitution of the Republic of Estonia, art. 161; The Riigikogu Rules of Procedure Act, art. 128
|
2007/05/23
|
|
Finland
|
a. Government
d. Legislative majority
|
The decision to organize a consultative referendum is made by an Act.
Source:
The Constitution 53 §.
|
2005/04/13
|
|
France
|
c. President
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 11
|
2012/05/03
|
|
Gambia
|
d. Legislative majority
|
|
2006/11/09
|
|
Georgia
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
Source:
Constitution of Georgia, art. 52:
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Georgia_2018?lang=en
|
2024/07/24
|
|
Ghana
|
d. Legislative majority
|
The legislature does the referendum by an Act of Parliament.
Source:
1992 Constitution, Article 286 Section 1.
|
2005/12/15
|
|
Greece
|
a. Government
|
A referendum may be proclaimed upon Decree issued by the President of the Hellenic Republic, following the decision of an absolute majority of the total number of deputies, which is taken upon decision of the ministerial council. A referendum for a draft law which has been passed may be proclaimed by the President of the Republic upon proposal of 2/5 of all deputies and upon the decision of 3/5 of them.
Source:
Constitution, Art. 44:2
|
2012/04/13
|
|
Guam
|
g. Not applicable
|
Source:
Gerald A. Taitano, Executive Director, Guam Election Commission
|
2007/01/08
|
|
Hungary
|
a. Government
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
C:28/C "(1) A national referendum may be held for reaching a decision or for an expression of opinion. Carrying out a national referendum may be mandatory or may be the result of the consideration of a matter. (2) A national referendum shall be held if so initiated by at least 200,000 voting citizens. (3) If a national referendum is mandatory, the result of the successfully held national referendum shall be binding for the Parliament. (4) Based on its consideration, the Parliament may order a national referendum upon the initiative by the President of the Republic, the Government, by one-third of Members of the Parliament or by 100,000 voting citizens."
Source:
The Constitution of the Republic of Hungary, art. 28/C
|
2006/12/01
|
|
Iran, Islamic Republic of
|
a. Government
f. Other (specify)
|
Any request for such direct recourse to public opinion must be approved by two-thirds of the members of the Islamic Consultative Assembly.
Source:
Constitution of The Islamic Republic of Iran (1989), Art. 59: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Iran_1989.pdf
Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook (2008) http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm
|
2016/01/23
|
|
Ireland
|
c. President
|
C:27:5 "1° In every case in which the President decides that a Bill the subject of a petition under this Article contains a proposal of such national importance that the will of the people thereon ought to be ascertained, he shall inform the Taoiseach and the Chairman of each House of the Oireachtas accordingly in writing under his hand and Seal and shall decline to sign and promulgate such Bill as a law unless and until the proposal shall have been approved either i by the people at a Referendum in accordance with the provisions of section 2 of Article 47 of this Constitution within a period of eighteen months from the date of the President’s decision,"
Source:
Articles 27 of the Constitution of Ireland (Bunreacht na hÉireann)
|
2012/05/10
|
|
Israel
|
g. Not applicable
|
|
2015/03/15
|
|
Italy
|
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
f. Other (specify)
|
f) Also Regional Councils. In this case, the President is the one who announces it.
Source:
Constitution, Art. 75, 87 and 138
|
2012/04/17
|
|
Japan
|
d. Legislative majority
|
|
2007/01/07
|
|
Kazakhstan
|
a. Government
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
1. The initiative to appoint the republican referendum belongs to:
1) President of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
2) Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which shall request the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan to appoint a referendum. Submission of the initiative shall be carried out by the Parliament at separate sessions of the Houses by consequent consideration of the issue first in Mazhilis and then in Senate and shall be issued by the relevant resolutions of Parliament Houses;
3) Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which shall request the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan to appoint a referendum. Submission of the initiative shall be carried out by the Government at its session by the majority of votes of the total number of its members and shall be issued by the relevant resolution;
4) at least by 200 thousand citizens of the Republic eligible to take part in the republican referendum, who quantitatively and equally shall represent all oblasts, capital of the Republic and city of the republican status, who shall request the President of the Republic to appoint a referendum.
Source:
Article 11, Law on Referendum
|
2020/05/04
|
|
Kiribati
|
a. Government
d. Legislative majority
|
Source:
Constitution
|
2020/05/03
|
|
Korea, Republic of
|
c. President
|
C:72 "The President may submit important policies relating to diplomacy, national defense, unification, and other matters relating to the national destiny to a national referendum if he deems it necessary."
C:89 "The following matters are referred to the State Council for deliberation: [...] 3) Draft amendments to the Constitution, proposals for national referendums, proposed treaties, legislative bills, and proposed presidential decrees;"
Source:
The Constitution of the Republic of Korea, art. 72 and 89
|
2007/01/04
|
|
Latvia
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
Source:
Law on National Referendums and Legislative Initiatives, 1994.
|
2005/03/21
|
|
Lesotho
|
a. Government
c. President
|
Source:
The 1993 Constitution, Chapter VII
|
2015/03/15
|
|
Liberia
|
a. Government
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
depending on the source
|
2005/09/30
|
|
Liechtenstein
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
f. Other (specify)
|
c. Liechtenstein: Prince.
f. Municipalities.
|
2005/05/03
|
|
Lithuania
|
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
Source:
Constitution: The Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania (1992) as amended on 25 April 2006; Law: Republic of Lithuania Law on Referendum, last amended on 6 May 2014 — No XII-860, art. 9
|
2005/03/21
|
|
Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of
|
a. Government
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
Law on Referendum, Article 17
A proposal for announcing a legislative referendum may be submitted by the Government of the republic of Macedonia, every Member of the Parliament or at least 10,000 voters.
The proposal referred to in paragraph 1 of this article in the name of the voters shall be submitted by the authorized representative. The signatures of the voters shall be submitted together with the proposal.
The procedure for collecting signatures of the voters for announcing a legislative referendum shall be conducted in a way determined by law.
Constitution, Art. 120:
A proposal for association in a union or community with other states or for dissociation from a union or community with other states may be submitted by the President of the Republic, the Government or by at least 40 Representatives. The proposal for association in or dissociation from a union or community with other states is accepted by the Assembly by a two-thirds majority vote of the total number of Representatives. The decision of association in or dissociation from a union or community is adopted if it is upheld in a referendum by the majority of the total number of voters in the Republic.
Source:
Law on Referendum and civil initiative, Official Gazette of RM no. 24/98, art. 17:
https://www.legislationline.org/documents/id/5640
Constitution of the Republic of Macedonia, Art. 120
https://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/mk/mk014en.pdf
|
2020/04/23
|
|
Madagascar
|
b. EMB
c. President
d. Legislative majority
|
Source:
Electoral code Article 29
|
2005/08/25
|
|
Malawi
|
c. President
|
Source:
Regulation of 1993: Extraordinary Gazette No. 4A
|
2006/10/16
|
|
Malaysia
|
g. Not applicable
|
|
2007/01/07
|
|
Mali
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
|
Source:
Article 41 de la Constitution
|
2005/06/03
|
|
Mauritania
|
c. President
|
C:II:Art38 "The President of the Republic, on any question of national importance, may have recourse to the people through a referendum."
Source:
The 1991 Constitution of Mauritania, art. 38
|
2006/12/30
|
|
Micronesia, Federated States of
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
|
Source:
Johnathan John, Director, FSM Elections
|
2007/01/08
|
|
Moldova, Republic of
|
f. Other (specify)
|
It is not regulated but a formal referendum would need to be regulated by a law.
Source:
Kare Vollan, Director, Quality AS
|
2021/03/30
|
|
Mongolia
|
d. Legislative majority
|
C:25 "(1) The National Parliament may consider, at its initiative, any issue pertaining to domestic and foreign policies of the country, and retains within its exclusive competence the following questions and decisions thereon: [...] 16) to hold national referendums, to verify the validity of a referendum in which the majority of eligible citizens has taken parts, and to consider the question which has obtained a majority vote as decided;"
Source:
The 1992 Constitution of Mongolia, art. 25
|
2006/12/30
|
|
Montenegro
|
f. Other (specify)
|
Art. 5: The decision on calling a republican referendum shall be made by the Assembly of the Republic, by majority of votes of the total number of representatives in the Assembly.
Source:
Law: Law on Referendum as of 19 February 2001, Art. 5
https://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL(2005)076-e
|
2021/12/25
|
|
Morocco
|
f. Other (specify)
|
The King
Source:
Article 103, Constitution
|
2005/05/02
|
|
Mozambique
|
c. President
|
Source:
The 1990 Constitution of Mozambique, Chapter II
|
2006/10/16
|
|
Namibia
|
c. President
|
C:63 "(1) The National Assembly, as the principal legislative authority in and over Namibia, shall have the power, subject to this Constitution, to make and repeal laws for the peace, order and good government of the country in the best interest of the people of Namibia. (2) The National Assembly shall further have the power and function, subject to this Constitution: [...] g) to initiate, approve or decide to hold a referendum on matters of national concern;"
C:132 "If a Bill proposing... a repeal and/or amenment of any the provisions of this constitution secures a majority of two-thirds of all the members of the National Assembly, but fails to secure a majority of two-thirds of all the members of the National Council, the President may by proclamation make the bill the subject of a national referendum."
Source:
The Constitution of the Republic of Namibia, Chapter 19, Article 63 and 132, Section 3 (a) "Repeal and Amendment of the Constitution"
|
2006/11/16
|
|
Netherlands
|
a. Government
c. President
f. Other (specify)
|
f.) One or more members of the Lower House.
|
2005/08/19
|
|
New Zealand
|
a. Government
e. Registered electors
|
A referendum can be started by a citizen or by the government.
Anyone can start a petition to ask for a nationwide referendum, known as a ‘citizens initiated referendum’.
For a referendum to be held, you must get signatures in support of holding a referendum on your question from over 10% of eligible voters nationwide. There are several processes to be followed before you can begin collecting signatures.
These are set out in the Citizens Initiated Referenda Act 1993. Under the Citizens Initiated Referenda Act 1993, non-binding referendums can be held on any subject. There are seven steps in the process.
Source:
https://www.parliament.nz/en/get-involved/have-your-say/seek-a-referendum/
|
2024/07/12
|
|
Niger
|
c. President
f. Other (specify)
|
Source:
Articles 6, 49, 134, 135, 136, 137 de la constitution
|
2005/06/06
|
|
Norway
|
d. Legislative majority
|
It is not regulated but a formal referendum would need to be regulated by a law.
Source:
Kare Vollan, Director, Quality AS
|
2007/01/07
|
|
Pakistan
|
c. President
|
c) C:26B "(6) If, at any time, the President, in his discretion, or on the advice of the Prime Minister, considers that it is desirable that any matter of national importance should be referred to a referendum, the President may cause the matter to be referred to a referendum in the form of a question that is capable of being answered either by "Yes" or "No". (7) An act of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament) may lay down the procedure for the holding of a referendum and the compiling and consolidation of the result of a referendum."
Source:
The 1973 Constitution of Pakistan, art. 26B
|
2006/12/31
|
|
Paraguay
|
a. Government
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
EL:259 "The authorization for calling the voters for a legislative referendum, in any of its types, consultive or binding, is an exclusive duty of Congress…."
EL:260 “The initiative for the consultation via referendum is exclusive duty of the Executive Power, five Senators or ten representatives. There shall be no referendum during the state of exception or within the 90 days subsequent to its removal. Also, it shall not be called within the previous 90 days and subsequent 90 days to the date of general elections or municipal elections or of another referendum."
Source:
The Electoral Law, art. 259-260
|
2006/12/31
|
|
Peru
|
e. Registered electors
|
Source:
art. 38 de la Ley de los Derechos de Control y Participacion Ciudadanos
|
2005/08/24
|
|
Poland
|
a. Government
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
Registered electors: a motion to the Parliament supported by 500.000 electors.
Source:
Act on all-national referendum of 14 March 2003 (Art 60-63)
|
2006/12/25
|
|
Portugal
|
a. Government
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
Decision of the President of the Republic following a proposal by the Assembly of the Republic or by the Government. A referendum may also be held on the initiative of citizens.
Source:
Constitution, Art. 115(1,2), 134(c)
|
2012/04/20
|
|
Romania
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
|
Source:
Constitution, 2003, Section 95 and 150-152; Law on referendums, 2000, article 1-12.
|
2005/03/20
|
|
Russian Federation
|
f. Other (specify)
|
ad F)
- Constitutional Assembly;
- Federal authority in cases determined in the internatinal treaty.
Source:
Federal Constitutional Act on the Referendum of Russian Federation of 2004. N 5/FK3 . Art.14. (1) ; (3).
Constitution of the Russian Federation of December 1993, Art. 135. (3)
|
2005/03/31
|
|
Rwanda
|
c. President
|
The initiative to call a Referendum shall lie within the ambit of the President of the Republic.
Source:
The 2010 Constitution of the Republic of Rwanda, art. 47 http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/RW/rwanda-constitution-2010/view
|
2018/11/02
|
|
Saint Kitts and Nevis
|
g. Not applicable
|
No official information provided.
|
2020/04/20
|
|
Senegal
|
c. President
|
Source:
Articles 51 et 103 de la constitution
|
2005/06/06
|
|
Seychelles
|
c. President
|
Source:
Elections act chapter 54.
|
2005/04/01
|
|
Sierra Leone
|
a. Government
f. Other (specify)
|
THE CONSTITUTION
|
2005/06/08
|
|
Singapore
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
|
Source:
Constitution, article 5 (1) (2) (2A)
Constitution, article 5A (1)
|
2007/01/07
|
|
Slovakia
|
a. Government
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
Article 95
The referendum is called by the president of the Slovak Republic if requested by a petition signed by a minimum of 350,000 citizens or on the basis of a resolution of the National Council of the Slovak Republic, within 30 days after the receipt of the citizens' petition or the resolution of the National Council of the Slovak Republic.
Article 96
(1) The motion to pass a resolution of the National Council of the Slovak Republic on calling a referendum can be tabled by deputies of the National Council of the Slovak Republic or by the Government of the Slovak Republic.
Source:
Art. 95-96 of the Constitution
|
2006/12/10
|
|
Slovenia
|
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
f. Other (specify)
|
1. The National Assembly may call a referendum on its own initiative,
however it must call such referendum if so required by at least 2. one third of the deputies,
3. by the National Council or
4. by forty thousand voters.
Art. 170. The National Assembly must submit a proposed
constitutional amendment to voters for adoption in a
referendum, if so required by at least thirty deputies.
Source:
Art. 90 and 170. of the Constitution
|
2005/04/14
|
|
Solomon Islands
|
g. Not applicable
|
Source:
David Clark, Electoral Capacity Development Coordinator, Solomon Islands Election Commission
|
2007/01/09
|
|
Somalia
|
c. President
|
Source:
The law of the referendum constitution of the republic of Somalia article 5
|
2005/04/13
|
|
South Africa
|
c. President
|
Source:
The 1996 Constitution, section 84. 2(g)
|
2006/10/17
|
|
Sri Lanka
|
c. President
|
C:86 "The President may, subject to the provisions of Article 85, submit to the People by Referendum any matter which in the opinion of the President is of national importance."
Source:
The Constitution of Sri Lanka, art. 86: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LK/sri-lanka-constitution-as-amended-up-to-9/at_download/file
|
2016/02/15
|
|
Sweden
|
d. Legislative majority
|
Source:
The Instrument of the Government Ch. 8, Section 4: Official Website of the Parliament: http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Start/Bestall/Sprakversioner/English---engelska1/Sveriges-grundlagar-och-riksdagsordningen1/ (2012);
Act on National Referenda (SFS 1979:369): http://www.sweden.gov.se/content/1/c6/06/97/09/436f8d27.pdf (2012)
|
2012/05/16
|
|
Switzerland
|
e. Registered electors
f. Other (specify)
|
50 000 citizens entitled to vote or 8 Cantons
Source:
Constitution, Art. 141
|
2012/05/14
|
|
Taiwan
|
b. EMB
|
The competent authority for national referendums is the Central Election Commission.
Source:
Article 3, Referendum Act
|
2020/03/31
|
|
Timor-Leste
|
c. President
|
c) However, the Parliament and the Government can propose to the President for a referendum to be held.
C:66 "2. A referendum shall be called by the President of the Republic, following a proposal by one third, and deliberation approved by a two thirds majority, of the Members of the National Parliament, or following a well-founded proposal by the Government."
C:85 "It is exclusively incumbent upon the President of the Republic: [...] f) To submit relevant issues of national interest to a referendum as laid down in Section 66;"
C:95 "3. It is also incumbent upon the National Parliament: [...] k) To propose to the President of the Republic the submission to referendum of issues of national interest."
C:115 "2. It is also incumbent upon the Government in relation with other organs: [...] d) To propose to the President of the Republic the submission to referendum of relevant issues of national interest;"
Source:
The 2002 Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste, art. 66:2, 85(f), 95:3(k) and 115:2(d)
|
2007/01/05
|
|
Togo
|
c. President
f. Other (specify)
|
Source:
Constitution 1992 titre 1 article 4 alinea 2.
|
2005/04/28
|
|
Tonga
|
g. Not applicable
|
|
2021/09/15
|
|
Tunisia
|
c. President
|
Source:
Articles 2, 47 and 72 of Constitution
|
2005/05/03
|
|
Turkey
|
c. President
|
Source:
Art 175 Constitution
|
2015/06/01
|
|
Uganda
|
a. Government
c. President
d. Legislative majority
f. Other (specify)
|
Interest groups
Source:
Chapter 6 section 84(1)of constitution
|
2005/04/01
|
|
Ukraine
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
f. Other (specify)
|
to D: no less than one-half of all peoples' deputies of Ukraine, or peoples' deputies of a local council (Art. 13.)
Art. 15-16. initiative groups:
Art. 15. Realization of Citizens' of Ukraine Right to Demand Referenda.
The right to initiate the collection of the signatures in favor of demand to conduct an All-Ukrainian referendum shall belong to the citizens of Ukraine, eligible to participate in a referendum, and the demand to call a local referendum - shall belong to the citizens of Ukraine, who permanently reside in the territory of an appropriate administrative and territorial unit, and who are eligible to participate in a referendum. The collection of signatures shall be organized and conducted by the initiative groups of the referendum, formed according to this Law.
Art. 13 of the Law on referenda, Art. 72. para. 1 constitution
Source:
Art. 13,15, 16. of the Law on referenda, Art. 72. para. 1 constitution
|
2005/03/17
|
|
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
|
d. Legislative majority
|
Source:
The Political Parties Elections and Referendums Act 2000.
|
2012/05/09
|
|
Uruguay
|
e. Registered electors
|
Solo puede ser promovido por las personas que están inscriptas en el Registro Cívico Nacional y como tal son electores.
Source:
Artículo 79 (Inciso 2°) de la Constitución y Artículo 26 de la Ley N° 16.017 de 20 de enero de 1989.
|
2006/04/11
|
|
Vanuatu
|
a. Government
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
Source:
Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
|
2016/01/27
|
|
Venezuela
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
|
Source:
Art. 181, Ley Org. Suf. y Participación Política.
Art. 71, Constitución
|
2006/04/07
|
|
Viet Nam
|
f. Other (specify)
|
National Assembly
Source:
Constitution, article 84, article 91 (12)
|
2021/03/25
|
|
Western Sahara
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
|
Source:
Articles 119 and 158, Constitution
|
2009/08/14
|
|
Yemen
|
c. President
d. Legislative majority
|
Source:
Articles 119 and 158, Constitution
|
2005/05/03
|
|
Zambia
|
c. President
|
"The President may, if in his opinion it is necessary or desirable so to do by statuary order direct that a referendum be held on any questions specified in the order."
Source:
The 1967 Referendum Act
|
2006/10/16
|
|
Zimbabwe
|
d. Legislative majority
|
An Act of Parliament must provide for the conduct of elections and referendums to which the Constitution applies
Source:
Zimbabwe Electoral laws 157 (1). http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ZW/zimbabwe-consolidated-electoral-act-amended-2018/view
|
2018/10/31
|
