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Boundary Delimitation
BD001
Delimitation of constituencies
Question: Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: For elections to the National Assembly, the national territory is divided into 24 electoral constituencies. For presidential elections, the whole country territory, including diplomatic missions and consulates abroad, forms a single constituency.
Source: Law 2005-26 of 6 August 2010 regulating the election of the President of the Republic, art. 15
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-presidentielle-2011.pdf (2012);
Law No. 2010-35 of 21 December 2010 regulating the election of members of the National Assembly, art. 2
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-legislatives-2011.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2019/04/05
BD002
Question: The authority responsible for final approval of the constituency boundaries is:
Answer(s):
a . The legislature (national/subnational)
Comments: Comme toute société démocratique, la loi est du domaine du pouvoir législatif au Bénin.
Source: voir article 98 point 14 de la Constitution du 11 Décembre 1990
Verified: 2005/01/19
BD003
Criteria for drawing boundaries
Question: On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
Answer(s):
i . No information available
Comments:
Source: Law No. 2010-35 of 21 December 2010 regulating the election of members of the National Assembly, art. 2
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-legislatives-2011.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2019/04/05
BD004
Question: If population is a criterion, which population figure is used?
Answer:
d . Number of voters in last election
Comments: Il fallait 60 000 habitants pour élir un Député. Cette disposition a été modifiée par l'article 2 nouveau de la loi n¡98.036 du 15 Janvier 1999
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi.
Verified: 2005/01/22
BD005
Body responsible for drawing boundaries
Question: The body responsible for drawing the boundaries is:
Answer(s):
a . Legislature (1st chamber)
Comments:
Source: Law No. 2010-35 of 21 December 2010 regulating the election of members of the National Assembly, art. 2
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-legislatives-2011.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2019/04/05
BD006
Question: What statistical or other reasons trigger the redrawing of electoral constituency boundaries?
Answer(s):
a . Changes in number of total population
Comments:
Source: Mr théodule Nouatchi Enseignant d'université au bénin.
Verified: 2005/01/22
Electoral Systems
ES001
Head of State
Question: How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s):
a . Head of State is the Head of Government c . Directly elected in general elections (absolute majority with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: The President is the head of state and the head of government. The President of the Republic shall be elected by direct universal suffrage for a mandate of five years, renewable only once. The election of the President of the Republic shall take place with uninominal majority ballot in two rounds. The President of the Republic shall be elected by an absolute majority of votes cast. If that is not be obtained in the first round of voting, it shall be followed, after fifteen days, by a second round. The only ones who may be presented in the second round of balloting shall be the two candidates who have received the highest number of votes in the first round. The candidate having received the relative majority of votes cast in the second round shall be declared President.
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 42, 43, 45, 54
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2012);
Law 2005-26 of 6 August 2010 regulating the election of the President of the Republic, art. 1, 2
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-presidentielle-2011.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2019/04/05
ES002
Head of Government
Question: How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer:
b . Directly elected in general elections, absolute majority (with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: The head of government is the President, who is also the head of state. He is elected by absolute majority of votes in two rounds.
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 42, 43, 45, 54
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2012);
Law 2005-26 of 6 August 2010 regulating the election of the President of the Republic, art. 1, 2
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-presidentielle-2011.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2019/04/05
ES003
President
Question: Does the country have a president?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: ARTICLE 42
The President of the Republic shall be elected by direct universal suffrage for a
mandate of five years, renewable only one time.
In any case, no one shall be able to exercise more than two presidential mandates
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 42 - 54
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2012)
Law 2005-26 of 6 August 2010 regulating the election of the President of the Republic, art. 1, 2
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-presidentielle-2011.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2019/04/05
ES004
Number of Chambers
Question: The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer:
a . One chamber
Comments: Article 79
The Parliament shall be composed of a single Assembly called the National Assembly whose members shall carry the title of Deputy. It shall exercise legislative power and shall control the action of the Government.
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 79
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2019/04/05
ES005
Electoral System (Chamber 1)
Question: What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s):
g . List Proportional Representation
Comments: The deputies to the National Assembly are elected by direct universal suffrage on the basis of a party list proportional representation system for a term of four years.
Source: Law No. 2010-35 of 21 December 2010 regulating the election of members of the National Assembly, art. 1, 4: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-legislatives-2011.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2019/04/05
ES006
Question: What is the electoral system for Chamber 2 of the national legislature?
Answer(s):
k . The national legislature consists of one chamber only
Comments: Le Parlement Béninois est composé d'une seule chambre.
Source: Article 79 de la constitution
Verified: 2005/01/18
ES007
Question: If List PR is used, is a highest average formula used?
Answer:
c . Largest Remainder Method (Quota)
Comments:
Source: Article 4 de la loi n°94-015 du 27 janvier 1995 remise en vigueur par la loi n°2003-01 du 08 janvier 2003.
Verified: 2005/01/18
ES008
Question: What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 1?
Answer(s):
b . Specially delimited constituencies
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2005/01/17
ES009
Question: What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 2?
Answer(s):
d . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: voir 79 de la constitution
Verified: 2005/01/16
ES010
Question: Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 1 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: Tous les députés sont élus au suffrage universel direct.
Source: Article 80 de la constitution.
Verified: 2005/01/16
ES012
Question: Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 2 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
Answer:
c . The national legislature consists of one chamber only
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2005/01/16
ES014
Question: What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 1?
Answer:
a . No minimum
Comments: Le parlement est constitué en chambre unique au Bénin
Source: Article 4 de la loi n°94-015 du 27 janvier 1995 remise en vigueur par la loi n°2003-01 du 08 janvier 2003 relatives aux élections nationales(législatives).
Verified: 2005/01/22
ES015
Question: What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 2?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments: no chamber 2
Source:
Verified: 2005/01/16
ES016
Question: What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 1?
Answer:
a . No minimum
Comments: S'il obtient le nombre de voix égal au quotien électoral de sa circonscription.
Source: Voir ES14
Verified: 2005/01/22
ES017
Question: What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 2?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments: no chamber 2
Source:
Verified: 2005/01/16
ES018
Question: Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 1, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
Answer(s):
a . At fixed intervals (specify length)
Comments:
Source: ARTICLE 80 de la constitution.
Verified: 2005/01/22
ES019
Question: Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 2, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments: no chameber 2
Source:
Verified: 2005/01/16
ES020
Question: Regarding Chamber 1 elections (excluding advance voting, postal voting, etc):
Answer:
a . Voting takes place on one day
Comments:
Source: article 51 du code électoral
Verified: 2005/01/17
ES021
Question: Regarding Chamber 2 elections (excluding advance voting, postal voting, etc):
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments: no chamber 2
Source:
Verified: 2005/01/16
Legislative Framework
LF001
Status of Electoral Law
Question: What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
Answer(s):
b . Separate legislation
Comments:
Source: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/BJ/benin-electoral-law-n-b0-2010-33-of-7-january-2011/view (2016)
Law No. 2010-35 of 21 December 2010 regulating the election of members of the National Assembly: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-legislatives-2011.pdf (2012);
Law 2005-26 of 6 August 2010 regulating the election of the President of the Republic: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-presidentielle-2011.pdf (2012);
Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2019/04/05
LF002
Question: What is the date of the latest version of the national electoral law (including latest amendments)?
Answer:
a . January 2000 or later
Comments: Il s'agit de la loi N 98-034 du 15 janvier 1999 portant règles générales pour les élection au Bénin.
Source: loi n°2003-02 du 27 janvier 2003 portant dérogation à l'article 41 de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 janvier 2001 portant règles générales pour les élections en république du bénin.
Verified: 2005/01/17
LF003
Electoral Law covers
Question: The national electoral law covers:
Answer(s):
a . National elections b . Regional elections c . Local elections
Comments: Article 1er : Les dispositions de la présente loi concernent les
règles générales applicables aux élections du Président de la
République, des membres de l’Assemblée Nationale, des membres des
conseils communaux ou municipaux et des membres des Conseils de
village ou de quartier de ville.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 1
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
LF004
Compulsory/voluntary voting
Question: Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
Answer(s):
a . Voting is voluntary
Comments: ARTICLE 6
Suffrage shall be universal, equal and secret. The electors shall be, under the
conditions determined by law, all Béninese nationals of both sexes over the age of
eighteen and in full possession of their civil and political rights.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 3
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016);
Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 6
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
LF005
Question: Are there provisions in the law which permit or require regional and/ or local election (s) to be held on the same day as national elections?
Answer:
a . National elections are not held on the same day as regional or local elections
Comments: Il n'existe pas de pareilles dispositions au Bénin. Les élections se tiennent séparément. Avec le jeu des mandats, on ne saurait aboutir à un cumul des différentes élections.
Source: Confère art. 5 de la loi 94.015 du 27 Janvier 1995 définissant les règles particulières pour l'élection des membres de l'Assemblée Nationale.
Verified: 2003/02/25
LF006
Question: Are there provisions in the law which permit or require presidential election (s) to be held on the same day as national legislative elections?
Answer(s):
a . Presidential elections are not held on the same day as national legislative elections
Comments: La fin du mandat du président et celles des députés ne coïncident pas.
Source:
Verified: 2003/02/25
LF007
Electoral Disputes Agency(ies)
Question: What are the agency(ies) responsible for the first level of formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s):
a . Judiciary
Comments: The Constitutional Court has jurisdiction to resolve presidential and legislative election disputes.
The Supreme Court has jurisdiction to resolve local election disputes.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 97, - 106: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016);
Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 8 (2), 117 (2): http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
LF008
Question: If the agency(ies) which settles formal disputes is/are specially appointed/elected; by whom?
Answer(s):
h . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2005/01/17
LF009
Question: Who has the right to submit cases to the person or agency(ies)which settles formal disputes?
Answer(s):
a . Candidates
Comments:
Source: Article 49 alinéa 3 de la constitution.
Verified: 2005/01/17
LF010
Question: What body(ies) is the final appellate authority for formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s):
b . Constitutional (or similar) Court
Comments: Ses décisions ne sont susceptibles d'aucun recours.
Source: Article 87 de la Constitution Article 155 du Code Electoral
Verified: 2005/01/22
LF011
Question: Which body(ies) proposes electoral reforms?
Answer(s):
b . Legislative Committee c . Government f . Other
Comments: Il s'agit du gouvernement ou de l'Assemblée Nationale.
Source: voir article 98 de la Constitution et 122 du code électoral.
Verified: 2005/01/17
Electoral Management
EM002
Responsibility of national EMB
Question: Does the national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
Answer(s):
a . National level b . Regional level c . Local level
Comments: Article 12
Les élections sont gérées par un organe
administratif dénommé Commission électorale nationale autonome
(CENA).
La Commission électorale nationale autonome dispose d'une
réelle autonomie par rapport aux institutions de la République (Exécutif,
Assemblée Nationale, Cour Constitutionnelle, Cour Suprême, Haute
Cour de Justice, Conseil Economique et Social, Haute Autorité de
l’Audiovisuel et de la Communication), sous réserve des dispositions des
articles 49, 81 alinéa 2 et 117, 1er et 2ème tirets de la Constitution du 11
décembre 1990 et des articles 42, 52 et 54 de la loi n° 91-009 du 04
mars 1991 portant loi organique sur la Cour Constitutionnelle modifiée
par la loi du 31 mai 2001.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 12
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
EM003
Question: The national electoral management body reports to:
Answer(s):
f . Other
Comments: L'organisme national de gestion des elections rend compte a la cour constitutionnelle.
La CENA est autonome dans son budjet, et aussi par rapport au gouvernement, au parlement, aux demembrements ministeriels.
Source: Article 46 dU code electoral.
Verified: 2005/01/17
EM004
EMB budget determined by
Question: The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
Answer(s):
g . Other
Comments: The Permanent Administrative Secretariat of the Autonomous National Electoral Commission develops a preliminary draft budget of election expenses. This draft budget after discussion in a conference is included to the draft general budget of the State.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 12 (3), 25, 89: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
EM005
EMB expenditures controlled by
Question: The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
Answer(s):
g . Other
Comments: The Autonomous National Electoral Commission is independent in the management of its budget. However, the Permanent Administrative Secretariat of the Autonomous National Electoral Commission shall publish an inventory report before the establishment of the Autonomous National Electoral Commission for the upcoming elections. The misuse of the budget constitutes a criminal offense.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 12 (3), 96: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
EM006
Term of EMB members
Question: The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
Answer:
a . For the election period only
Comments: The term of members of the National Autonomous Electoral Commission is for the election period only. The Members of the Autonomous National Electoral Commission are appointed for each election at least 130 days before the month in which the election is scheduled. The term for the members of the Permanent Administrative Secretariat is 5 years.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 14
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
EM007
Question: The national electoral management body chairperson, or equivalent, is chosen in the following way:
Answer(s):
b . Legislative appointment c . Civil service appointment e . Governmental appointment f . Judicial appointment g . Other
Comments: La CENA est un organe publique compose de membres nommes par le gouvernement, l'Assemblee Nationale, les magistrats du siege et un membre de la commission des droits de l'Homme.
Source: Loi N 2000-18 du 13 janvier 2001 completant le code electoral.
Verified: 2003/02/25
EM012
Electoral Management model
Question: What is the Electoral Management model?
Answer:
b . Independent
Comments: Article 12
Les élections sont gérées par un organe
administratif dénommé Commission électorale nationale autonome
(CENA).
La Commission électorale nationale autonome dispose d'une
réelle autonomie par rapport aux institutions de la République (Exécutif,
Assemblée Nationale, Cour Constitutionnelle, Cour Suprême, Haute
Cour de Justice, Conseil Economique et Social, Haute Autorité de
l’Audiovisuel et de la Communication), sous réserve des dispositions des
articles 49, 81 alinéa 2 et 117, 1er et 2ème tirets de la Constitution du 11
décembre 1990 et des articles 42, 52 et 54 de la loi n° 91-009 du 04
mars 1991 portant loi organique sur la Cour Constitutionnelle modifiée
par la loi du 31 mai 2001.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 12: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
EM013
Number of EMB members
Question: The EMB is composed of:
Answer:
b . 11 - 20 members (specify)
Comments: The National Autonomous Electoral Commission is composed of 11 members. The Permanent Administrative Secretariat is composed of 4 members.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 13, 26: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
EM014
Membership based on
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected on the basis of their:
Answer:
b . Expertise
Comments: The members of the National Autonomous Electoral Commission are chosen from among citizens of recognized competence, probity, impartiality, morality and patriotism.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 13 (2): http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
EM015
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected by:
Answer(s):
a . Head of State b . Head of Government e . Legislature h . Civil society
Comments: 1 member is nominated by the President of the Republic, 9 members are nominated by the National Assembly, taking into account its political configuration and 1 member is nominated by and from civil society organisations with at least five years of engagement in the field of governance and democracy.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 13 (2): http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
Voter Education
VE001
Information campaigns performed by
Question: Who conducts information campaigns for national elections (informing where, when and how to register and/or vote)?
Answer(s):
h . Political parties/ candidates
Comments:
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 36
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
VE002
Frequency of voter education programs
Question: At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
Answer:
d . No information available
Comments:
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 36
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
VE003
National civic education
Question: Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
Answer(s):
e . Yes, conducted by the Government
Comments:
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 40
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
VE004
Question: What types of voter education activities were carried out at the most recent national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Poster/ Billboard campaigns b . Media advertisement c . Simulation exercises d . Music and theater e . Public meetings g . Internet
Comments: Ces différents moyens d'éducation ont permis de réduire sensiblement la violence et les fraudes lors des différentes consultations.
Source: voir le site portail des législatives 2003(www.legilatives2003.gouv.bj/lois/annexe) sur la rubrique "actualités électorales " et l'article 37 de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 Janvier 2000 portant règles générales pour les élections en République du Bénin.
Verified: 2005/01/19
VE005
Question: What types of civic education activities were carried out at the most recent national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Poster/ Billboard campaigns b . Media advertisement c . Simulation exercises d . Music and theater e . Public meetings g . Internet
Comments: Il faut souligner le dynamisme et l'ingéniosité dont a fait preuve la société civile en la matière.
Source: Voir sources de VEO4.
Verified: 2005/01/19
VE006
Question: Special voter education programs were developed at the most recent national elections for:
Answer(s):
g . Other
Comments:
Source: Mr Théodule Nouatchi(Enseignant d'université au bénin)
Verified: 2005/01/19
Voter Registration
VR001
Voting age
Question: What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
Answer:
c . 18
Comments:
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 6: http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016);
Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 8: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
VR002
Other voting requirements
Question: Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Citizenship e . Other
Comments: The electors shall be all Béninese citizens of both sexes above the age of eighteen and in full possession of their civil and political rights.
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 6: http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016);
Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 8: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
VR003
Question: What restrictions on registering to vote and voting exist in the country?
Answer(s):
a . Criminal Incarceration c . Detention
Comments: Le code prévoit plusieurs cas d'interdiction, surtout en matière de condamnation.
Source: Article 6 de la loi 2000-18(code électoral)
Verified: 2005/01/19
VR004
Authority responsible for voter registration
Question: Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
Answer:
d . Election Management Body (specify)
Comments: The Permanent Administrative Secretariat of the Autonomous National Electoral Commission.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 26: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
VR005
Question: What is the registration method for national elections?
Answer:
b . Voters register
Comments: Les listes électorales sont établies à partir des villages.
Source: Articles 9,10, 11 et 12 de la loi n°2000-18(code électoral).
Verified: 2005/01/19
VR006
Question: How frequently is the voters register updated?
Answer:
c . Periodically (or before each election)
Comments: La mise à jour a lieu avant chaque élection ,sauf si celle-ci à lieu à moins de 6 mois après la précedente.
Source: Article 11 de la loi 2000-18(code électoral)
Verified: 2005/01/19
VR007
Question: What methods are used to compile and update the voters register?
Answer(s):
e . Appearance by voter at registration office
Comments: Cela peut se faire dans les consulats ou ambassades.
Source: Article 14 de la loi N°2000-18(code électoral)
Verified: 2005/01/19
VR008
Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Question: Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 6: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
Parties and Candidates
PC001
Registration requirements for parties (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
b . Deposit requirement (specify amount) c . Regional distribution requirement f . Other
Comments: Political parties or coalitions wishing to participate in elections are required to submit lists of candidates in all constituencies. Each list has a number of candidates equal to the seats and there should be an alternate for each candidate. The party lists must be submitted at least 30 days before the opening of the electoral campaign period. The latest 2 days after the submission of the candidates' lists, political parties or coalitions must pay to the Treasury a deposit of 100,000 francs per candidate. This deposit is refundable to political parties or groups of parties whose lists have obtained at least 10% of the votes cast throughout the country.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 33, 34: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016 );
Law No. 2010-35 of 21 December 2010 regulating the election of members of the National Assembly, art. 3, 29, 34: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-legislatives-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
PC002
Registration requirements for parties (Chamber 2)
Question: What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 2)?
Answer(s):
g . No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2005/01/18
PC003
Registration requirements for candidates (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
a . Age b . Citizenship d . Residence
Comments: Candidates must be at least 25 years old. Nationals of Benin by birth must have resided at least one year in the country, whereas naturalized citizens must have resided in the country for at least an uninterrupted period of 10 years.
Source: Law No. 2010-35 of 21 December 2010 regulating the election of members of the National Assembly, art. 11: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-legislatives-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
PC005
Question: What are the legal qualifications for becoming a candidate at presidential elections?
Answer(s):
a . Age b . Citizenship d . Residence f . Registration g . Nationality group
Comments:
Source: Article 44 de la constitution
Article 4 Loi n°.2000-19(code électoral).
Verified: 2006/11/20
PC006
Question: What can disqualify a candidate at legislative elections?
Answer(s):
b . Detention c . Criminal record k . Mental health problems
Comments:
Source: voir article 23 (code électoral)
Verified: 2005/01/18
PC007
Question: What can disqualify a candidate at presidential elections?
Answer(s):
a . Current criminal incarceration b . Detention c . Criminal record d . Naturalization f . Holding of military office j . Physical health problems k . Mental health problems p . Other
Comments: Pour la naturalisation, il faut qu'elle ait lieu au moins pendant 10 avant .
Source: Article 44 de la constitution.
Article 4 de la loi n¡2000-19, code électoral.
Verified: 2006/11/20
PC008
Independent candidates
Question: Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
Answer(s):
b . In presidential elections
Comments:
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 93, 94, 95: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
PC009
Question: If independent candidates can compete in legislative elections (Chamber 1), what are the registration requirements?
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments: Il n'exixte pas de candidats independants en matière d'élection législative au Bénin?
Source: voir article 22;23;24 de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 janvier 2001.
Verified: 2005/01/18
PC010
Question: If independent candidates can compete in legislative elections (Chamber 2), what are the registration requirements?
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments: Le Bénin n'a qu'une chambre unique.
Source: cf. article 79 de la Constitution du 11 Décembre 1990.
Verified: 2005/01/18
PC011
Question: If independent candidates can compete in presidential elections, what are the registration requirements?
Answer(s):
b . Deposit requirement (specify)
Comments: Cautionnement: 7.142 Dollars US.
Les conditions requises en la matière sont les mêmes pour tous les candidats qu'ils soient indépendants ou non.
Source: Voir article 44 de la constitution et l'article 39 de la loi n°2000-18.
Verified: 2006/11/20
PC012
Public funding of parties
Question: Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
Answer(s):
b . Direct c . Indirect
Comments: Legally established political parties having at least one member of the National Assembly receive annual funding from the State. For the reimbursement of election campaign to the political parties and individual candidates, the State allocates a flat fee per candidate elected in respect of legislative and local elections. For presidential elections, the lump-sum reimbursement is made for any candidate who receives at least 10% of the votes cast.
Source: Law N° 2001/21 Charter of Political Parties, art. 40: http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/benin/05207.pdf (2016);
Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 95: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
PC013
Question: If political parties receive direct/indirect public funding, when do they receive this?
Answer(s):
b . Between elections c . As related to the election period and between elections
Comments: Le financement venant de l'Etat ne représente que la restitution des frais du cautionnement ( 500 000f cfa )requis pour la candidature. Il n'est restitué qu'à ceux qui ont obtenu les 10 % du suffrage exprimé.
Source: Cf. article 39 de la loi n°2000-18 portant règles générales pour les élections en République du Bénin. Cette disposition est complétée par l'article 11 de la loi n°2000-19 du 03 Janvier 2001 définissant les règles particulières sur l'élection du Président de la République.
Verified: 2005/01/18
PC014
Question: If political parties receive indirect public funding, identify the type of funding:
Answer(s):
a . Free media access
Comments: La Haute Autorité de l'audiovisuelle et de la Communication ( HAAC ) assure tant bien que mal la répartition équitable du temps d'antenne entre les différents candidats.
Source: Article 37 de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 Janvier 2001
Verified: 2005/01/18
PC015
Question: What is the basis of the public funding?
Answer(s):
a . Equal funding, regardless of size and previous performance c . Based on current legislative representation
Comments: Legally established political parties having at least one member of the National Assembly receive annual funding from the State. The distribution of this funding is proportional to the number of seats won by each political party. For the reimbursement of election campaign to the political parties and individual candidates, the State allocates a flat fee per candidate elected in respect of legislative and local elections. For presidential elections, the lump-sum reimbursement is made for any candidate who obtained at least 10% of the votes cast.
Source: Law N° 2001/21 Charter of Political Parties, art. 40: http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/benin/05207.pdf (2016);
Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 95: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
PC016
Question: If political parties receive public funding, what is the specified purpose?
Answer(s):
c . Unspecified d . Other
Comments: Le but implicite visé est d'amener les partis à asseoir une large base électorale.
Source: Art. 39 de la loi no.2000-18;
Art. 11 de la loi no.2000-19.
Verified: 2006/11/20
PC017
Question: Are political parties entitled to private funding?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: Law N° 2001/21 Charter of Political Parties, art. 33, 35: http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/bueros/benin/05207.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
PC018
Question: If political parties are entitled to private funding, for what period?
Answer(s):
c . As related to the election period and between elections
Comments: Le texte règlementant la question est muette au sujet de la période à laquelle les partis reçoivent le dit financement.
Source: Confère article 20 de la loi n°90-023
Verified: 2005/01/18
PC019
Question: Which of the following party financing provisions are applicable?
Answer(s):
b . Public disclosure of party expenditure d . Ceilings on how much money a party can raise e . Ceilings on party election expenses
Comments: Seules les dépenses de campagnes électorales font l'objet de publication.
Source: Voir les articles 84, 85, 86 et 112 de la loi n°2000-18;
Article 20 de la loi n°90-023 du 13 Août 1990.
Verified: 2006/11/20
PC020
Question: Which of the following candidate financing provisions are applicable?
Answer(s):
b . Public disclosure of candidate expenditure d . Ceilings on how much money a candidate can raise e . Ceilings on candidate election expenses h . Publication or public access to contribution and / or expenditure reports
Comments: En réalité, ces textes ont prouvé leurs limites.
Source: voir les articles 84;85;86 et 112 de la loi 2000-18;
art. 20 de la loi n°90-023 DU 13 Août 1990
Verified: 2006/11/20
PC021
Question: Who is responsible for administering and enforcing party income/funding regulations at national level?
Answer(s):
d . Other
Comments: Au Bénin, la Chambre des comptes de la Cours Suprême est compétente. Toutefois, cette dernière dispose de peu de moyens pour assurer le respect de cette disposition.
Source: voir les articles 85;86; 112 de la loi n°2000-18 du 03 Janvier 2001 portant règles générales pour les élections en République du Bénin.
Verified: 2005/01/18
Vote Counting
VC001
Question: What are the characteristics of ballots used at national legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
a . Single ballot (all registered parties listed) d . Categorical (only one mark allowed) h . Party symbols in color k . Candidate photos in black and white n . Random listing (lottery)
Comments: Le Bénin a été l'un des premiers pays de l'Afrique a avoir adopté le bulletin unique.
Source: Code électoral, Loi N¡2000-18, article 60.
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC002
Question: What are the characteristics of ballots used at national legislative elections (Chamber 2)?
Answer(s):
s . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC003
Question: What are the characteristics of ballots used at presidential elections?
Answer(s):
a . Single ballot (all registered parties/candidates listed) c . Write-in ballot f . Same ballot papers used nation-wide h . Party symbols in color j . Candidate photos in color n . Random listing (lottery)
Comments:
Source: Article 60 de la loi n° 2000-18(code électoral)
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC004
Votes are sorted/counted at
Question: Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
Answer:
a . The polling stations
Comments:
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 79
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
VC005
Question: What procedures are used in the initial count?
Answer(s):
c . Tally of voters who voted d . Number of ballots in box reconciled against number of voters f . Each ballot paper held up for public scrutiny, with name of party/candidate called out loud l . Counted by hand p . Copies of results of the count are publicly posted at the counting site immediately on the completion of the count q . Copies of results are provided to observers s . Copies of results are provided to party agents
Comments:
Source: Code électoral, Loi N°2000-18, articles 75 et 77.
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC006
Question: Following the sorting and counting, to where are the results first transmitted for consolidation?
Answer(s):
c . District level
Comments:
Source: Code électoral, Loi N°2000-18, article 80.
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC007
Question: At what levels are seats allocated?
Answer(s):
b . District level d . National level
Comments:
Source: article 21 de la loi n°98-006 du 09 mars 2000 portant régime électoral communal et municipal en république du bénin.
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC008
Question: How are the initial/preliminary polling results transmitted and communicated to the different levels?
Answer(s):
a . Physically transported
Comments:
Source: Code électoral, Loi N°2000-18, article 78.
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC009
Question: If the polling results are physically transported, what is transported?
Answer(s):
b . Unused and spoiled ballots f . Certificate of result
Comments: Les bulletins annulés sont transmis à la cour constitutionnelle pour constatation d'irrégularité.
Source: Code électoral, Loi N°2000-18, article 78.
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC010
Question: If the polling results are physically transported, what security measures are used?
Answer(s):
d . Transported in boxes sealed with numbered seals
Comments:
Source: voir article 78 de la loi n°2000-18.
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC011
When are ballots recounted?
Question: Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
Answer(s):
e . Court order
Comments:
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 104: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
VC012
Question: If automatically recounted, what is the trigger?
Answer:
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Voir article 89 de la loi n°2000-18
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC013
Question: If ballots are recounted by request, who can make the request?
Answer(s):
a . Political parties b . An individual candidate
Comments:
Source: Article 53 Code électoral, Loi N° 2000-18
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC014
Question: If recounted, who conducts the recount?
Answer(s):
h . Courts
Comments: La Cour constitutionnelle ou la cour suprême.
Source: Article 89 et 90 du code électoral, loi N° 2000-18
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC015
Question: Are preliminary results announced?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Après le dépouillement, on rend publique les résultats.
Source: Article 77 du code électoral, loi N¡ 2000-18.
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC017
Question: Is there a legal requirement for the declaration of the officially certified results?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: voir article 80 de la loi n°2000-18
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC018
Question: How long after the close of polls is the certified results publicly announced? (if there is no legal requirement enter the average time)
Answer:
c . weeks:
Comments: Nous pouvons donner en exemple le cas des élections présidentielles où le délai de la proclamation des résultats est deux semaines après le scrutin si elle n'est entachée d'aucune irrégularité pouvant entrainer son annulation.
Source: Voir article 80 de la loi n°2000-18(code électoral)et art. 49 de la Constitution du 11 Décembre 1990.
Verified: 2009/11/04
Media and Elections
ME002
Question: Which of the following types of radio stations are present at a national level in your country?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned c . Privately owned
Comments:
Source: Website for Media in Benin (www.mediabenin.org).
Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME003
Question: Which of the following types of television stations are present at a national level in your country?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned c . Privately owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME004
Question: Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers are present at a national level in your country?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned b . Government owned c . Privately owned d . Owned by political parties
Comments: With bad public reputation the journal, "La Fraternite", is pro-government. There is also, "Les ehos du jour", which belongs to the president of the PRD Adrien Houngbedji. The "Point au quotidien" belongs to Sehoueto, who just left government. The "Progres" is for Kamarou Fassassi, currently the minister of energy and hydraulics. The "Nouvelle tribune" is for the opposition. "L´informateur" and "Le Nokoue" are very close to the opposition wing Soglo Nicephore.
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/07/15
ME006
Question: What proportion of the population can receive transmissions of the national level programming of private radio stations?
Answer:
b . 30% to 60%
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME008
Question: What proportion of the population can receive transmissions of the national level programming of private television stations?
Answer:
b . 30 to 60%
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME009
Question: In your opinion, which of the following types of media in your country have a public reputation for being independent?
Answer(s):
b . Private radio e . Print media
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME014
Question: What proportion of the population can receive transmissions of the national level programming of the public television stations?
Answer:
a . Over 60%
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME015
Question: What proportion of the population can receive transmissions of the national level programming of the national level programming of the public radio stations?
Answer:
a . Over 60 %
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME016
Question: In your opinion, upon which types of media at national level in your country do citizens most rely as a source of information? Mark the most important source with 1, and the second most important source with 2:
Answer(s):
a . Public radio c . Private radio d . Public television f . Private television g . Print media
Comments: The three most used are the radio, the television and the printed press.
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/07/15
ME017
Question: In your opinion, which of the following types of media in your country have a public reputation for being independent?
Answer(s):
b . Private radio e . Print media
Comments: The president of the republic holds parts of the capital of "La Chaine 2" (LC2) and certain journals.
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/07/15
ME020
Question: Who grants licenses/frequencies to private broadcasters?
Answer:
c . Other (specify)
Comments: La Haute autorite de l'audiovisuelle et de la communication (HAAC). The High Authority of the Audiovisual and Communication
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/07/15
ME021
Question: Who is allowed to hold broadcasting licenses?
Answer(s):
a . Political parties b . Private companies c . Non governmental organisations d . Foreigners f . State owned companies
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME023
Question: Are any journalists currently imprisoned or facing criminal charges for exercising their profession?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME024
Question: What legal instruments are used to regulate media coverage of elections?
Answer(s):
a . Law b . Secondary legislation (e.g. regulations) e . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Benin (11th of December 1990), Articles 24, 142 and 143.
Organic Law n°92-021 (21st of August 1992) concerning the High Authority of the Audiovisual and Communication.
Verified: 2005/06/28
ME025
Question: Which of the following bodies or agencies has a responsibility in the regulation of media coverage of elections?
Answer(s):
a . Statutory regulator (e.g. broadcasting licensing body)
Comments:
Source: Organic Law n°92-021 (21st of August 1992) concerning the High Authority of the Audiovisual and Communication.
Verified: 2005/06/28
ME027
Question: Does the EMB monitor media coverage of elections?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME028
Question: What form does the authority, if any, of the EMB to enforce remedies or sanctions against the media in case of breach of the rules on media coverage of elections take?
Answer(s):
d . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME029
Question: Do political parties or candidates have a right to have their replies to inaccurate or misleading media coverage published promptly and free of charge?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME030
Question: What is the legal liability of the media if they report unlawful statements by candidates during election campaigns (e.g. defamatory or inflammatory speeches)?
Answer(s):
a . Criminal prosecution b . Administrative sanction
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME031
Question: Have the media or journalists' organisations adopted a code of ethics specific to elections? Please send us a copy.
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME033
Question: Which body, if any, is responsible for regulating free or paid access of political parties or candidates to the media during election campaigns.
Answer:
b . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME034
Question: Which of the following types of radio stations provide political parties with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME035
Question: Which of the following types of television stations provide political parties with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned
Comments:
Source: Decision N°03-007/HAAC concerning the regulation of the pre-campaigning and campaigning for the legislative elections in March 2003.
Verified: 2005/06/28
ME036
Question: Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers provide political parties with free printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned
Comments:
Source: Decision N°03-007/HAAC concerning the regulation of the pre-campaigning and campaigning for the legislative elections in March 2003.
Verified: 2005/06/28
ME037
Criteria for allocating free broadcast time
Question: What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
Answer(s):
a . Equal regardless of size of party and previous performance
Comments: Candidates and political parties can use for their campaign, State media: radio, television and press. The High Authority of Audiovisual and Communication ensures equal access to state media for all candidates and political parties eligible to participate in elections.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 49
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
ME039
Question: Which of the following types of radio stations provide individual candidates (legislative) with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Decision N°03-007/HAAC concerning the regulation of the pre-campaigning and campaigning for the legislative elections in March 2003, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 7.
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME040
Question: Which of the following types of television stations provide individual candidates (legislative) with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Decision N°03-007/HAAC concerning the regulation of the pre-campaigning and campaigning for the legislative elections in March 2003, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 7.
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME041
Question: Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspaper provide individual candidates (legislative) with free printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Decision N°03-007/HAAC concerning the regulation of the pre-campaigning and campaigning for the legislative elections in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 1, Article 10.
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME042
Question: What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to individual candidates (legislative)?
Answer(s):
a . Equal regardless of size and previous performance
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Decision N°03-007/HAAC concerning the regulation of the pre-campaigning and campaigning for the legislative elections in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 1, Article 10.
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME043
Question: Which of the following types of radio stations provide individual candidates (legislative) with paid broadcast time for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
c . Privately owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME044
Question: Which of the following types of television stations provide individual candidates (legislative) with paid broadcast time and/or paid printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
c . Privately owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME045
Question: Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers provide individual candidates (legislative) with printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
c . Privately owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME046
Question: What are the criteria for allocating paid broadcast time and/or paid printed advertisement space to individual candidates (legislative)?
Answer(s):
i . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME047
Question: Which of the following types of radio stations provide presidential candidates with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the presidential election in 2001, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 5.
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME048
Question: Which of the following types of television stations provide presidential candidates with free broadcast time for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the presidential election in 2001, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 5.
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME049
Question: Which of the following daily and weekly newspapers provide presidential candidates with free printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the presidential election in 2001, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 5.
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME050
Question: What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to presidential candidates?
Answer(s):
a . Equal regardless of size and previous performance of candidate's party
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the presidential election in 2001, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 5.
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME051
Question: Which of the following types of radio stations provide presidential candidates with paid broadcast time for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
c . Privately owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME052
Question: Which of the following types of television stations provide presidential candidates with paid broadcast for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
c . Privately owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME053
Question: Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers provide presidential candidates with paid printed advertisement space for national election campaigns?
Answer(s):
c . Privately owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME054
Question: What are the criteria for allocating paid broadcast time and/or paid printed advertisement space to presidential candidates?
Answer(s):
i . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME059
Television debates
Question: Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
Answer(s):
a . Yes, in presidential elections
Comments:
Source: Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie, Rapport de la Mission francophone d'information et de contacts aux élections presidentielles du 13 mars 2011 au Benin, p. 1.4.2.3. §5: http://democratie.francophonie.org/IMG/pdf/Rapport_mission_Benin_2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
ME061
Question: Which of the following information in reporting the results of opinion polls are required to be disclosed by law?
Answer(s):
g . None
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME062
Blackout period for release of opinion poll results.
Question: What is the blackout period, if any, during which results of pre-election opinion polls may not be released to the public?
Answer:
g . No information available
Comments:
Source: Decision n° 11-010/HAAC of 1 February 2011 by the High Authority of Audiovisual and Communication, regulating the electoral campaign for the 2011 presidential elections: http://levenementprecis.com/?p=5526 (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
ME063
Question: Where, if at all, may exit polls be carried out?
Answer(s):
c . Not permitted
Comments:
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 4, Article 65.
Verified: 2005/06/28
ME064
Question: If exit polls are permitted, when can the results be disseminated via the media?
Answer(s):
c . Results cannot be disseminated via the media
Comments:
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 4, Article 65.
Verified: 2005/06/28
ME065
Question: When are the media, by law, allowed to report preliminary election results?
Answer:
c . After all polls close, after official results are available
Comments:
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 4, Article 68.
Verified: 2005/06/28
ME066
Question: Are the media allowed to project/predict winners before the final results are available?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 2, Chapter 4, Article 68.
Verified: 2005/06/28
ME067
Question: What resources does the EMB have for its work with the media?
Answer(s):
e . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME068
Question: Have staff responsible for media relations received training for this work?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, student of Law at the University of Benin (Universite d'abomey-calavi au Benin).
Verified: 2005/06/28
ME069
Question: Which of the following has the EMB produced or organised?
Answer(s):
b . Press releases c . Press conferences/briefings d . Pre-recorded radio or TV slots e . Web site
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME070
Question: Has the EMB provided or facilitated training for journalists in how the electoral process works?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME071
Question: Which of the following types of radio stations, provide free broadcast time to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned
Comments:
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 7.
Verified: 2005/06/28
ME072
Question: Which of the following television stations provide free broadcast time to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned
Comments:
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 7.
Verified: 2005/06/28
ME073
Question: Which of the following daily and weekly newspapers provide free print space to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
Answer(s):
a . Publicly owned
Comments:
Source: Decision N°113-00/HAAC concerning the regulation of pre-campaigning and campaigning in media for the legislative election in March 2003, Part 1, Chapter 1, Article 7.
Verified: 2005/06/28
ME074
Question: Which of the following types of radio stations provide paid broadcast time to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
Answer(s):
c . Privately owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME075
Question: Which of the following types of television stations provide paid broadcast time to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
Answer(s):
c . Privately owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME076
Question: Which of the following types of daily and weekly newspapers provide paid broadcast time or print space to the EMB for voter information campaigns?
Answer(s):
c . Privately owned
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME077
Question: What steps does the EMB take to make sure that it is communicating its message to the media?
Answer(s):
d . It monitors the media coverage of its own activities.
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME078
Question: Which of the following do you judge to be significant barriers to the EMB in communicating its message to the media?
Answer(s):
d . Other
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME079
Question: Overall, how effective do you judge the EMB's ability to communicate through the media during election campaigns to be?
Answer:
a . Very effective
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Verified: 2005/06/30
ME080
Question: Is there a maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: There are no specific legal provisions in this regard.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 92: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
Direct Democracy
DD002
Direct Democracy Provisions (National Level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy Procedures at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 4, 58, 108, 155
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
DD003
Mandatory referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Mandatory Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The revision of the Constitution shall be agreed to only after having been approved by referendum, unless the draft or the proposal involved shall have been approved by a four-fifths majority of the members composing the Assembly.
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 155
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
DD004
Optional referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Optional Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The President of the Republic, after consultation with the President of the National Assembly and the President of the Constitutional Court, shall be able to take the initiative of the referendum on any question relative to the promotion of and the reinforcement of human rights, about trans-regional or regional integration and about the organisation of the public authorities. The deputies can, by a 3/4 majority vote, decide to submit any question to a referendum.
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 58, 108
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
DD005
Citizens' Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Citizen’s Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
DD006
Agenda Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Agenda Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
DD007
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Recalls at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
DD008
Question: What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for mandatory referendums at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
Answer(s):
a . Constitutional b . Specific laws/legislation
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Article 4.
Verified: 2005/06/28
DD009
Question: What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for optional referendums at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
Answer(s):
a . Constitutional
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Article 58 and 108.
Verified: 2005/06/29
DD010
Question: What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for citizens' initiatives at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
Answer(s):
b . Specific laws/legislation
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 121.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD100
Question: What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for an agenda initiative?
Answer(s):
f . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD101
Question: What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for a recall?
Answer(s):
f . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD102
Question: What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a referendum?
Answer:
a . All signatures checked
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD103
Question: What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a citizens' initiative?
Answer(s):
a . All signatures checked
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD104
Question: What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a recall?
Answer:
d . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/04/23
DD105
Question: Who is responsible for checking the signatures?
Answer(s):
d . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD106
Question: Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in a referendum?
Answer(s):
f . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD107
Question: Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in an initiative?
Answer(s):
e . Registered electors f . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/16
DD108
Question: Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in a recall?
Answer(s):
g . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD109
Question: What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for a referendum?
Answer(s):
h . None
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD011
Question: What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for agenda initiatives at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
Answer(s):
b . Specific laws/legislation
Comments:
Source: Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Chapter 7, Article 151.
Verified: 2005/06/29
DD110
Question: What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for an initiative?
Answer(s):
h . None
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD111
Question: What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for a recall?
Answer(s):
i . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD112
Question: Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in a referendum?
Answer(s):
g . None
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD113
Question: Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in an initiative?
Answer(s):
g . None
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD114
Question: Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in a recall?
Answer(s):
h . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD115
Question: What is the period during which these controls apply for a referendum?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD116
Question: What is the period during which these controls apply for an initiative?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD117
Question: What is the period during which these controls apply for a recall?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD118
Question: Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for a referendum? Specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s):
f . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD119
Question: Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for an initiative? Specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s):
f . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD012
Question: What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for recalls at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
Answer(s):
a . Constitutional
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Articles 84; 138.
Verified: 2005/06/29
DD120
Question: Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for a recall? Specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s):
f . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD121
Question: Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for a referendum? Specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s):
g . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD122
Question: Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for an initiative? Specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s):
g . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD123
Question: Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for a recall? Specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s):
g . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD125
Question: Is the government permitted to campaign either in favour of or against any specific outcome to a referendum, initiatives or recall vote?
Answer(s):
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/16
DD127
Question: What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign for a recall?
Answer:
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/04/23
DD015
Question: Who is responsible for managing the administration of direct democracy mechanisms at the national level?
Answer(s):
e . Other (specify who)
Comments:
Source: Voir article 4 de la constitution et les articles 71 et 72 de la loi n°91-009 du 04 mars 1991 portant loi organique sur la cour constitutionnelle modifiee par la loi du 17 juin 1997 et mise en conformite avec la constitution le 11 juillet 2000.
Verified: 2005/02/16
DD016
Question: Does this agency/department also manage the administration of national elections?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Law n°2000-18 (3rd of January 2001)concerning general regulations for elections in the Republic of Benin, Article 40.
Verified: 2005/06/30
DD017
Question: Are mandatory referendums currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
Answer:
c . No
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Constitution, Articles 4 and 58.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD018
Question: Are optional referendums currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
Answer:
c . No
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, lecturer in law at the University of Benin (Cotonou).
Constitution, Articles 4 and 58.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD019
Question: Are citizens' initiatives currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
Answer:
c . No
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi, student of Law at the University of Benin.
Internal regulations for the National Assembly, Article 121.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD020
Question: Are agenda initiatives currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
Answer:
c . No
Comments:
Source: Internal regulations for the National Assembly, Article 121.
Verified: 2005/06/30
DD021
Question: Are recalls currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
Answer:
c . No
Comments:
Source: Law n°97-029 (15th of January 1999), concerning the organisation of municipalities in the Republic of Benin, Articles 53 and 54.
Verified: 2005/06/30
DD022
Question: Are mandatory referendums currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
Answer:
c . No
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Constitution, Articles 4 and 58.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD023
Question: Are optional referendums currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
Answer:
a . Yes, in all municipalities/districts/communes
Comments: Article 108 (General and common principles)
1. The electors registered in the electoral census in the national territory shall have the right to pronounce themselves through a referendum on any matter relevant to national or local interest.
Article 110 (Local Referendum)
1. The local referendum shall cover matters that are of exclusive competence of the organs of local administration and shall always have deliberative effect.
2. The local referendum shall be convened by the Mayor at the initiative of the Municipality, the Municipal Assembly or, at the initiative of, at least, ten percent of the electors registered in the electoral census of the area of the local administration where the consultation takes place.
3. The convening of a referendum shall be approved by the majority of two thirds of the members of the Municipal Assembly on active duty.
Source: Constitution of Cape Verde, Aritcle 108 and 110
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD024
Question: Are citizens' initiatives currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
Answer:
c . No
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 121.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD025
Question: Are agenda initiatives currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
Answer:
c . No
Comments:
Source: Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 121.
Verified: 2005/06/30
DD026
Question: Are recalls currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
Answer:
c . No
Comments:
Source: Law n°97-029 (15th of January 1999) concerning the organisation of municipalities in the Republic of Benin, Articles 53 and 54.
Verified: 2005/06/30
DD027
Question: What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are mandatory at the national level?
Answer(s):
a . Constitutional amendments j . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Constitution, Articles 108 and 155.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD028
Question: What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are optional at the national level?
Answer(s):
a . Constitutional amendments b . Adoption of international treaties i . Other public policy issues
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Articles 58; 108; 155.
Verified: 2005/06/30
DD029
Question: Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of referendums at the national level?
Answer(s):
k . None
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Article 108.
Verified: 2005/06/30
DD030
Question: Which issues, if any, maybe the subject of sub-national referendums regulated at the national level?
Answer(s):
e . None
Comments:
Source: Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 98.
Verified: 2005/06/30
DD031
Question: Who can initiate a referendum at the national level?
Answer(s):
c . President f . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Articles 4; 58 and 108.
Verified: 2005/06/30
DD032
Question: Who is responsible for drafting the mandatory referendum question?
Answer(s):
f . Other (specify who)
Comments:
Source: Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Articles 98.3 et 99.1.
Verified: 2005/06/30
DD033
Question: Who is responsible for drafting the optional referendum question?
Answer(s):
f . Other (specify who)
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Articles 4 and 108.
Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 98.3.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD034
Question: Which of the following, if any, are required to be included in the mandatory referendum question?
Answer(s):
e . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 98.3.
Verified: 2005/06/30
DD035
Question: Which of the following, if any, are required to be included in the optional referendum question?
Answer(s):
e . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Internal regulations of the National Assembly concerning special legislative procedures , Chapter 3, Section 1, Article 98.3.
Verified: 2005/06/30
DD036
Question: Which institution(s) decides on the final form of the ballot text for mandatory referendums?
Answer(s):
d . Legislature
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Article 4.
Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 98.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD037
Question: Which institution(s) decides on the final form of the ballot text for optional referendums?
Answer(s):
d . Legislature
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Article 4.
Internal regulations of the National Assembly, Article 98.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD040
Question: What are the requirements for mandatory referendums to pass?
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD041
Question: What are the requirements for optional referendums to pass?
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD042
Question: In which areas, if any, do regulatory provisions differ between a referendum and a national election? Tick all that apply and specify below in the comments section.
Answer(s):
f . Other
Comments:
Source: Loi n°91-009 du 4 mars 1991 portant loi organique sur la cour constitutionnelle modifiee par la loi du 17 juin 1997 et mise en conformite avec la constitution le 11 juillet 2000.
Verified: 2005/02/18
DD043
Question: When is the outcome of a mandatory referendum binding?
Answer:
b . Under certain circumstances (specify below)
Comments:
Source: Voir Chapitre 7(intitule:Du controle de la regularite du referendum et la proclamation des resultats) de la loi N°91-009 du 4 mars 1991 portant loi organique sur la cour constitutionnelle modifiee par la loi du 17 juin 1997 et mise en conformite avec la constitution le 11 juillet 2000.
Verified: 2005/02/18
DD044
Question: When is the outcome of an optional referendum binding?
Answer:
b . Under certain circumstances (specify below)
Comments:
Source: Voir Chapitre 7(intitule:Du controle de la regularite du referendum et la proclamation des resultats) de la loi N°91-009 du 4 mars 1991 portant loi organique sur la cour constitutionnelle modifiee par la loi du 17 juin 1997 et mise en conformite avec la constitution le 11 juillet 2000.
Verified: 2005/05/06
DD045
Question: Which types of issues can be proposed by citizens using the citizens' initiative process at the national level?
Answer(s):
d . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/02/26
DD046
Question: Which types of issues can be proposed by citizens using the agenda initiative process at the national level?
Answer(s):
c . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Voir article 121 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale relatif aux petitions.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD047
Question: Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of a citizens' initiative at the national level?
Answer(s):
j . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: voir article 121 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale .
Verified: 2005/02/23
DD048
Question: Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of an agenda initiative at the national level?
Answer(s):
j . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Voir article 121 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale.
Verified: 2005/02/26
DD049
Question: Who may propose the registration of a citizens' initiative? Please specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s):
a . A number of individuals
Comments:
Source: Articles 121.1 ET 121.2 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale
Verified: 2005/02/26
DD050
Question: Who may propose the registration of an agenda initiative? Please specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s):
a . A number of individuals
Comments:
Source: Voir articles 121.1 et 121.2 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale.
Verified: 2005/02/26
DD051
Question: What material is necessary to accompany an application for registration?
Answer(s):
a . Proposed title c . Full proposed text d . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Article 121.2 du reglement interieur de l'assembee nationale.
Verified: 2005/02/23
DD052
Question: Who determines the title of a citizens' initiative?
Answer(s):
a . Proponents of the initiative
Comments:
Source: Article 121.1 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale.
Verified: 2005/02/23
DD053
Question: Who determines the title of an agenda initiative?
Answer:
a . Proponents of the initiative
Comments:
Source: Article 121.1 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale.
Verified: 2005/02/23
DD054
Question: Which, if any, of the following disqualify a proposed title of an initiative?
Answer(s):
h . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Article 121.2 et 121.3 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale.
Verified: 2005/05/12
DD056
Question: Under what circumstances is an initiative checked for constitutionality or legality?
Answer(s):
c . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: voir article 121 de la constitution et les articles 22 et 23 de la loi organique sur la cour constitutionnelle.
Verified: 2005/02/23
DD057
Question: If a check of the constitutionality or legality of an initiative takes place, who is responsible for undertaking it?
Answer(s):
f . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: articles 114 et 121 de la constitution.
Verified: 2005/02/23
DD058
Question: If a check of the constitutionality or legality of an initiative takes place, when does this happen?
Answer(s):
e . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Voir article 121 al.2 de la constitution et les articles 22 et 23 de la loi organique sur la cour constitutionnelle.
Verified: 2005/02/23
DD059
Question: Which institutions, if any, are given an opportunity to propose an alternative to proposals contained in a citizens' initiative?
Answer(s):
f . Other (specify who)
Comments:
Source: voir articles 122.2;122.3;122.4 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale.
Verified: 2005/02/23
DD060
Question: At which stage in the initiative process, if at all, can alternative proposals be made?
Answer(s):
c . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Article 122 du reglement interieur.
Verified: 2005/02/23
DD061
Question: What happens when there is a valid alternative proposal?
Answer:
d . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Voir articles 122.3;122.4;122.5 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale.
Verified: 2005/02/23
DD062
Question: When an initiative proposal and an alternative proposal are put to the vote on the same day, what choices does the voter have?
Answer(s):
f . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/02/23
DD063
Question: Who decides the final ballot text?
Answer(s):
c . Legislature
Comments:
Source: article 122.4 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale.
Verified: 2005/02/23
DD064
Question: Once an initiative is qualified for the ballot, the vote on it takes place:
Answer:
d . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
et voir aussi les articles 122.4 et 122.5 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD065
Question: Which of the following individuals/positions may be subject to the recall mechanism?
Answer(s):
a . Members of the national legislature c . Other national level elected executive positions f . Governors, Mayors or equivalent g . Other provincial/local level elected executive positions i . Elected judges
Comments:
Source: Voir la loi n°97-029 du 15 janvier 1999 portant organisation des communes en republique du benin en ses articles 53 et 54 et la loi n°98-006 du 09 mars 2000 portant regime communal et municipal en republique du benin.
Voir l'article 138 de la constitution et les articles 23 et 60 du reglement interieur de l'assemblmee nationale.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD066
Question: What are the grounds upon which a recall may be launched?
Answer(s):
a . Political or policy grounds b . Indictment c . Conviction d . Moral turpitude f . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Voir article 53 de la loi n°97-029 du 15 janvier 1999 portant organisation des communes en republique du benin.
voir aussi l'article 138 de la constitution et les articles 23 et 60 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale pour mieux comprendre les reponses meme si ces articles ne mentionnent pas directement la notion de destitution.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD068
Question: If a recall qualifies for the ballot, when is it put to the vote?
Answer:
c . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: Voir articles 137 et 138 de la constitution; article 23 du relgement interieur de l'assemblee nationale,article 53 de la loi n°97-029 du 15 janvier 1999 portant organisation des communes au benin.
Verified: 2005/06/30
DD069
Question: When does the election to replace an individual who has been recalled take place?
Answer:
b . Separately and subsequently
Comments:
Source: Voir article 50 de la constitution;article 23 alinea 4 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale;article 60 de la loi n° 97-029 du 15 janvier 1999 portant organisation des communes au benin
Verified: 2005/04/23
DD071
Question: Can an individual who is the subject of a recall stand on the ballot for his/her own replacement?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin et voir les articles 6 et 23 du code electoral 2001 relatifs au conditions requises pour etre eligibles.
Verified: 2005/04/23
DD076
Question: What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional) has been published?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD077
Question: What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for a rejective referendum (optional) has been published?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD078
Question: What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for a citizens' initiative has been published?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD079
Question: What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for an agenda initiative has been published?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD080
Question: What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD081
Question: What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for a rejective referendum (optional)?
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD082
Question: What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for a citizens' initiative?
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD083
Question: What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for an agenda initiative?
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
(article 121 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale)
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD085
Question: What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for recall has been published?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 137 et 138 constitution 1990; article 23 alinea 2,3,4 du relgement interieur de l'assemblee nationale,article 53 de la loi n°97-029 du 15 janvier 1999 portant organisation des communes au benin
Verified: 2005/04/23
DD087
Question: Where can proposals for an abrogative referendum (optional) be signed?
Answer(s):
g . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD088
Question: Where can proposals for a rejective referendum (optional) be signed?
Answer(s):
g . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD089
Question: Where can proposals for a citizens' initiative be signed?
Answer(s):
a . Anywhere
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD090
Question: Where can proposals for an agenda initiative be signed?
Answer(s):
a . Anywhere
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/04/23
DD092
Question: What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
Answer(s):
d . None
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD093
Question: What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a rejective referendum (optional)?
Answer(s):
d . None
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD094
Question: What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a citizens' initiative?
Answer(s):
c . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: article 121.2 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD095
Question: What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for an agenda initiative?
Answer(s):
c . Other (specify)
Comments:
Source: article 121.2 du reglement interieur de l'assemblee nationale
Verified: 2005/04/23
DD096
Question: What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a recall?
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2005/04/23
DD097
Question: What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
Answer(s):
f . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD098
Question: What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for a rejective referendum (optional)?
Answer(s):
f . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD099
Question: What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for a citizens' initiative?
Answer(s):
f . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Mr Theodule Nouatchi enseignant de droit a l'universite au benin.
Verified: 2008/02/26
DD129
Question: Are the results of referenda always binding, never binding or sometimes binding?
Answer:
a . Always binding
Comments:
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 4, 58, 108, 155
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016);
Organic Law of 3 October 2011 on the organisation of referendum, art. 2, 33: http://www.uprbenin.org/Documents/loi_referendaire_2011/proposition.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
DD130
Question: Are the types of issues to vote upon in a referendum constitutional changes only, other issues only or both constitutional and other issues?
Answer:
c . Both constitutional and other issues
Comments: The President, following consultation with the President of the National Assembly and the President of the Constitutional Court can take initiative on referendums pertaining to:
The promotion and strengthening of human rights.
Regional or subregional integration.
The organisation of public authorities.
All projects pertaining to the revision of the Constitution.
All questions voted on by the majority (3/4s) of the National Assembly.
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 4, 58, 108, 155
http://www.uprbenin.org/Documents/loi_referendaire_2011/proposition.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
DD131
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy at sub-national levels (regional or local)?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Constitution of 11 December 1990:
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
DD132
Year of introducing Direct Democracy
Question: What year were the first Direct Democracy mechanisms introduced to the legal framework?
Answer:
d . 1941-1960
Comments: 1960, date of independence.
Source: "Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook" ,(2008) (http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm)
Verified: 2009/08/21
DD133
Question: What year was the first referendum/initiative held?
Answer:
e . 1961-1980
Comments: 1964
Source: "Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook" ,(2008) (http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm)
Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/21
Voting Operations
VO001
Question: Approximately what percentage (on the basis of cost) of election day supplies and equipment are obtained or produced within the country?
Answer:
b . 81-90%
Comments:
Source: Toussaint GNONLONFOUN.
Verified: 2002/07/11
VO002
Question: Is there a code of conduct for election officials?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: Ils se basent sur les dispositions du code électoral.
Source: Mr théodule Nouatchi(Enseignant d'université au bénin)
Verified: 2005/01/23
VO003
Electors vote at
Question: Where can electors vote?
Answer(s):
a . At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections h . By proxy
Comments: Les agents en mission le jour des élections peuvent voter là où ils ont été envoyés ainsi qu'un certain nombre de personnes visées par la loi.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 61, 70: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
VO004
Voting outside the country is permitted for
Question: Who can vote from outside the country?
Answer(s):
b . Citizens residing outside the country
Comments: Les citoyens résidant à l'extérieur du pays ont le droit de voter uniquement pour les élections présidentielles.
Citizens residing outside of the country have the right to vote only in presidential elections.
Source: Law 2005-26 of 6 August 2010 regulating the election of the President of the Republic, art. 15: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-presidentielle-2011.pdf (2016);
Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 53 (2), 63 (4): http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
VO005
Locations for voting outside of the country
Question: If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
Answer(s):
a . Embassies b . Consulates
Comments:
Source: Law 2005-26 of 6 August 2010 regulating the election of the President of the Republic, art. 15: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-presidentielle-2011.pdf (2016);
Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 53 (2): http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
VO006
Question: Can people vote in advance of the designated national election day(s)?
Answer:
a . No
Comments:
Source: Article 51 de la loi N°2000-18(code électoral).
Verified: 2005/01/19
VO007
Question: If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), how may they do so?
Answer(s):
f . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: voir VO06.
Verified: 2005/01/19
VO008
Question: If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), specify who:
Answer(s):
g . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: voir VO06
Verified: 2005/01/19
VO009
Question: Is there a maximum allowable voter capacity of a polling station for the national elections?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Il s'agit par là de permettre un meilleur contôle des élections notemment le dépouillement et pour éviter que les électeurs ne fassent de grandes distance pour voter.
Source: Toussaint GNONLONFOUN.
Verified: 2002/07/11
VO011
Voting method
Question: How do electors cast their votes?
Answer(s):
a . Manually marking of ballots
Comments: L'électeur prend lui-même un bulletin, se rend dans l'isoloir,
marque son choix et plie le bulletin de manière à cacher son vote. Il faut savoir que c'est le bulletin unique qui est utilisé.
Voters take a ballot, head to the booth, and mark their vote. They then secretly hide their vote by folding the ballot. Each voter is to receive only one ballot.
Source: Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 65: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
Verified: 2019/04/05
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