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Boundary Delimitation
BD001
Delimitation of constituencies
Question: Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
Answer:
b . No, existing regional/provincial/other boundaries are used
Comments: As a rule, each district constitutes one electoral constituency. However, the boundaries of certain constituencies may be drawn by Presidential Decree, taking into account their particularities.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter V section 149 (2): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
BD002
Question: The authority responsible for final approval of the constituency boundaries is:
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments: Decree of the President of the Republic
Source: Electoral Code Chapter V section 149 (2): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
BD003
Criteria for drawing boundaries
Question: On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
Answer(s):
g . Other
Comments: g) As a rule, each district constitutes one electoral constituency. However, the boundaries of certain constituencies may be drawn by Presidential Decree, taking into account their particularities.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter V section 149 (2): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
BD004
Question: If population is a criterion, which population figure is used?
Answer:
g . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/07
BD005
Body responsible for drawing boundaries
Question: The body responsible for drawing the boundaries is:
Answer(s):
a . Legislature (1st chamber) c . Executive
Comments: As a rule, each district constitutes one electoral constituency. However, the boundaries of certain constituencies may be drawn by Presidential Decree, taking into account their particularities.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter V section 149 (2): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2012/08/09
BD006
Question: What statistical or other reasons trigger the redrawing of electoral constituency boundaries?
Answer(s):
l . Other
Comments:
Source: Electoral Code Chapter V section 149 (2): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
Electoral Systems
ES001
Head of State
Question: How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s):
b . Directly elected in general elections (simple majority)
Comments: The President of the Republic shall be elected by a majority of the votes cast through direct, equal and secret universal
suffrage.
Source: Constitution, Article. 6, (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/05
ES002
Head of Government
Question: How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer:
e . Appointed
Comments: The President of the Republic shall appoint the Prime Minister and, on the proposal of the latter, the other members of
Government. He shall define their duties.
Source: Constitution, Article. 10, (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/05
ES003
President
Question: Does the country have a president?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Article. 6, (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/05
ES004
Number of Chambers
Question: The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer:
b . Two chambers
Comments: The National Assembly and the Senate.
Source: Constitution, Article. 14, (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/05
ES005
Electoral System (Chamber 1)
Question: What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s):
e . Parallel (Segmented) (PR Lists and Majoritarian constituencies)
Comments: Plurality system in single-member constituencies and absolute majority system (containing elements of a bonus system and PR) in multi-member constituencies of different size (two to seven seats). If a list wins an absolute majority in a multi-member constituency it gets all the seats. If no list wins the absolute majority, the list with a relative majority gets at least half of the seats, the rest of the seats being distributed proportionally according to Hare quota between all the other lists that have passed the electoral threshold of 5%.
Source: Constitution, Chapter II sec 20 (2): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/06
ES006
Question: What is the electoral system for Chamber 2 of the national legislature?
Answer(s):
l . Other
Comments: Each region shall be represented in the Senate by 10 (ten) Senators of whom 7 (seven) shall be elected by indirect universal suffrage on a regional basis and 3 (three) appointed by the President of the Republic.
Source: Constitution, Chapter II sec 20 (2): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/06
ES007
Question: If List PR is used, is a highest average formula used?
Answer:
e . Hare
Comments: If a list wins an absolute majority in a multi-member constituency it gets all the seats. If no list wins the absolute majority, the list with a relative majority gets at least half of the seats (to round ut), the rest of the seats being distributed proportionally according to Hare quota, greates remainder between all the other lists that have passed the electoral threshold of 5%
Source: Electoral Code Chapter VI section 152 (3-4): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
ES008
Question: What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 1?
Answer(s):
d . Other
Comments: The seats are distributed according to the departments which constitute the electoral constituencies.
Source: Constitution, Article. 14, (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/07
ES009
Question: What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 2?
Answer(s):
c . Regional or provincial level
Comments: The Senate shall represent the regional and local authorities and Each region shall be represented in the Senate by 10 (ten) Senators of whom 7 (seven) shall be elected by indirect universal suffrage on a regional basis and 3 (three) appointed by the President of the Republic.
Source: Constitution, Chapter II Article 20 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/07
ES010
Question: Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 1 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: certain electoral constituencies could be warded on the grounds of their peculiar situation by a decree of the President of the
Republic.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter V section 149 (2): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
ES012
Question: Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 2 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Certain electoral constituencies could be warded on the grounds of their peculiar situation by a decree of the President of the Republic.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter VI section 149 (2): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
ES014
Question: What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 1?
Answer:
b . Specify the percentage:
Comments: A majority vote is required in single-member constituencies. Also the majority of the votes with possible application of the method of the strongest remain in the constituencies to vote list.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter VI section 152 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
ES015
Question: What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 2?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments: Each region shall be represented in the Senate by 10 (ten) Senators of whom 7 (seven) shall be elected by indirect universal suffrage on a regional basis and 3 (three) appointed by the President of the Republic.
Source: Constitution, Chapter II Article 20 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/07
ES016
Question: What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 1?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments: Independent candidatures do not seem to be allowed because according to the provisions of article 70 of the law n ° 91-20 of December 16th, 91 the declaration of candidacy must mention the title of the list and the political party to which it is attached.
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/07
ES017
Question: What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 2?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/07
ES018
Question: Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 1, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
Answer(s):
a . At fixed intervals (specify length) d . Other
Comments: The mandate of the deputies lasts 5 years. In this case, the election shall take place no later than the last Sunday preceding the expiry of the powers of the National Assembly.
However, this mandate may be shortened or extended at the request of the President of the Republic.
Source: Constitution, Chapter I Article 15 (4): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/07
ES019
Question: Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 2, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
Answer(s):
a . At fixed intervals (specify length) b . Elections can be called at any time (specify by whom)
Comments: Members of Parliament shall be elected for a term of 5 (five)years
Source: Electoral Code Chapter I section 148 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
ES020
Question: Regarding Chamber 1 elections (excluding advance voting, postal voting, etc):
Answer:
a . Voting takes place on one day
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/07
ES021
Question: Regarding Chamber 2 elections (excluding advance voting, postal voting, etc):
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments: No information available
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/07
Legislative Framework
LF001
Status of Electoral Law
Question: What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
Answer(s):
b . Separate legislation
Comments:
Source: Electoral Code of 13 April 2012: http://www.assemblenationale.cm/index.php?option=com_wrapper&Itemid=82 (2012)
Verified: 2012/08/09
LF002
Question: What is the date of the latest version of the national electoral law (including latest amendments)?
Answer:
b . January 1990- December 1999
Comments:
Source: Code électoral
Verified: 2002/07/18
LF003
Electoral Law covers
Question: The national electoral law covers:
Answer(s):
a . National elections b . Regional elections c . Local elections d . Referendums
Comments:
Source: Electoral Code of 13 April 2012, art. 1: http://www.assemblenationale.cm/index.php?option=com_wrapper&Itemid=82 (2012)
Verified: 2012/08/09
LF004
Compulsory/voluntary voting
Question: Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
Answer(s):
a . Voting is voluntary
Comments:
Source: Electoral Code of 13 April 2012, art. 2: http://www.assemblenationale.cm/index.php?option=com_wrapper&Itemid=82 (2012);
Constitution, art. 2 (3): http://www.assemblenationale.cm/images/stories/DOCUMENTS_PDF/constitution.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2012/08/09
LF005
Question: Are there provisions in the law which permit or require regional and/ or local election (s) to be held on the same day as national elections?
Answer:
d . National elections are held on the same day as local elections only
Comments: Il n ya aucune disposition en ce sens .Cependant les recentes élections législatives du 30 juin ont été organisée en meme temp que les élections locales.
Source: Rdio France Internationale,site officiel des services du premier ministre:http://www.spm.gov.cm/dossier_elections/pelect_f.htm
Verified: 2002/07/18
LF006
Question: Are there provisions in the law which permit or require presidential election (s) to be held on the same day as national legislative elections?
Answer(s):
c . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: La loi est muette sur cette question.
Verified: 2002/07/18
LF007
Electoral Disputes Agency(ies)
Question: What are the agency(ies) responsible for the first level of formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s):
a . Judiciary b . EMB
Comments: a) The Constitutional Court;
b) The Electoral Council
Source: Electoral Code of 13 April 2012, art. 10 (2), 132 - 136: http://www.assemblenationale.cm/index.php?option=com_wrapper&Itemid=82 (2012);
Constitution, art. 48: http://www.assemblenationale.cm/images/stories/DOCUMENTS_PDF/constitution.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2012/08/09
LF008
Question: If the agency(ies) which settles formal disputes is/are specially appointed/elected; by whom?
Answer(s):
a . President c . Judiciary d . Legislature f . Political Party g . Other
Comments: Les membres du conseil constitutionnel sont nommés par leprésident de la Président de la République et désignés de la façon suivante:
-trois dont le Président du conseil par le Président de la République;
-trois par le Président de l'Assemblée National après avis du bureau;
-trois par par le Président du Sénat après avis du bureau;
-deux par le Conseil Supérieur de la Magistrature.
Quant aux commissions départementales de supervision,elle sont composées comme suit:
-d'un Président qui est le président du tribunal de grande instance;
-trois représentants de l'administration qui sont nommés par le préfet;
-une personnalité indépendante nommée par le préfet, de concert avec les partis politiques légalisés,présents dans la circonscription;
-un représentant de chaque parti politique légalisé participant aux élections dans la circonscription électorale en cause.
Source: Article 51 alinéat 2 de la constitution et 40 du code électoral deuxième partie.
Verified: 2003/07/01
LF009
Question: Who has the right to submit cases to the person or agency(ies)which settles formal disputes?
Answer(s):
a . Candidates b . Parties e . Other
Comments: Toute personne ayant qualité d'agent du gouvernement pour l'élection concernée.
Cependant la saisine de la commission départementale de supervision peut être faite par tout électeur inscrit par tout électeur inscrit sur la liste électorale de la circonscription, par toute personne ayant fait une demande d'inscription ou de radiation ou par les partis politiques.
Source: Article 48 alinéat 2 pur ce qui est de la saisine de la cour suprême et article 43 de la deuxième partie du code electorale en ce qui concerne la commission départementale de supervision.
Verified: 2003/07/01
LF010
Question: What body(ies) is the final appellate authority for formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s):
b . Constitutional (or similar) Court
Comments:
Source: Article 48 de la constitution.
Verified: 2002/09/18
Electoral Management
EM002
Responsibility of national EMB
Question: Does the national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
Answer(s):
a . National level b . Regional level c . Local level d . Other kinds of elections (church, union, etc.) Please specify.
Comments: d) Referenda
Elections Cameroon shall be responsible for the organization, management and supervision of election and referendum operations.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter II section 7 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
EM003
Question: The national electoral management body reports to:
Answer(s):
a . The President
Comments: Suivant les dispositions de l'article 19 de la loi 2000 / 016 du 19 Décembre 2000 portant création de l' ONEL, après le scrutin, l'ONEL établit un rapport général sur le déroulement des opérations électorales et l'addresse au Président de République qui le fait publié.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter II section 7 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
EM004
EMB budget determined by
Question: The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
Answer(s):
c . The legislature g . Other
Comments: Elections Cameroon has an annual budget and a special budget for each election. The budget is drafted by the Director General of Elections and approved by the Electoral Council. The President of the Electoral Council shall forward the draft to the Government for review and presentation to the Parliament. Finally, the budget is included in the Finance Act which is adopted by the Parliament.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter V section 32 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
EM005
EMB expenditures controlled by
Question: The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
Answer(s):
e . Another organ within the national government
Comments: A Public Accountant and an External Auditor are appointed by the Minister of Finance. The administrative account and the management account of Elections Cameroon shall be submitted annually to the Minister of Finance and to the Accounts Chamber of the Supreme Court.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter V section 34 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
EM006
Term of EMB members
Question: The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
Answer:
b . For a specified number of years
Comments: Elections Cameroon is composed of the Electoral Council and the Directory General for Elections. The members of the Electoral Council are appointed for 4 years, whereas the Director General and the Deputy Director General of Elections are appointed for a 5-year term.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter I section 12 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
EM007
Question: The national electoral management body chairperson, or equivalent, is chosen in the following way:
Answer(s):
d . Presidential/ Prime Minister appointment
Comments: Chairperson of the Electoral Board shall be appointed by decree of the President of the Republic upon consultation with political parties represented in the National Assembly and civil society.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter I section 12 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
EM012
Electoral Management model
Question: What is the Electoral Management model?
Answer:
b . Independent
Comments: “Elections Cameroon” shall be an independent body responsible for the organization, management and supervision of all election and referendum operations.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter I section 4 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
EM013
Number of EMB members
Question: The EMB is composed of:
Answer:
b . 11 - 20 members (specify)
Comments: The Electoral Board shall comprise eighteen (18) members, including 1 (one) Chairperson and 1 (one) Vice-Chairperson.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter I section 12 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
EM014
Membership based on
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected on the basis of their:
Answer:
b . Expertise
Comments: The members of the Electoral Council are chosen from among persons of Cameroonian nationality, recognized for their competence, moral integrity, intellectual honesty, their sense of patriotism, their neutrality and impartiality.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter I section 12 (2): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
EM015
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected by:
Answer(s):
a . Head of State g . Political parties h . Civil society
Comments: The President, Vice-President and members of the Electoral Council are appointed by Presidential Decree after consultation with the civil society and political parties represented in the National Assembly. The Director General and the Deputy Director General for Elections are appointed by Presidential Decree, after consultation with the Electoral Council.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter I section 12 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
Voter Education
VE001
Information campaigns performed by
Question: Who conducts information campaigns for national elections (informing where, when and how to register and/or vote)?
Answer(s):
h . Political parties/ candidates l . No voter education and information campaigns conducted m . No information available
Comments: Political parties and groups shall help the electorate in the making of voting decisions. They shall be bound to respect the
principles of democracy, national sovereignty and unity. They shall be formed and shall exercise their activities in accordance with the law.
Source: Constitution, Article. 3: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/07
VE002
Frequency of voter education programs
Question: At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
Answer:
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Transparency International Cameroon, Final Report of the Election Observation Mission to the Presidential Elections of 09 October 2011 in Cameroon: http://www.ti-cameroon.org/doc/Rapport%20final%20d%27observation_Elections%20prsidentielles_TI-C_eng.pdf (2012);
The Commonwealth, Final Report Final Report of the Election Observation Mission to the Presidential Elections of 09 October 2011 in Cameroon: http://www.thecommonwealth.org/files/242978/FileName/2011CETCameroonPresidentialElectionReport.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2012/08/10
VE003
National civic education
Question: Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
Answer(s):
n . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/07
Voter Registration
VR001
Voting age
Question: What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
Answer:
e . 20
Comments: Every person of Cameroonian nationality of either sex, who has reached the age of 20 (twenty) years, is registered on an electoral register and is free from all cases of disqualification provided for by law, shall be entitled to be an elector
Source: Electoral Code Chapter I section 45: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
VR002
Other voting requirements
Question: Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Citizenship b . Period of Residence e . Other
Comments:
Source: Electoral Code Chapter I section 46: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
VR003
Question: What restrictions on registering to vote and voting exist in the country?
Answer(s):
a . Criminal Incarceration b . Previous Conviction c . Detention d . Mental disability h . Other
Comments: Any person who
- has been convicted of a felony, even by default;
- has been sentenced to a term of imprisonment, without suspension,of more than 3 (three) months;
- has been sentenced to a term of imprisonment, accompanied by suspension of sentence or probation, of more than 6 (six) months;
- is the subject of a warrant of arrest;
- is an un-discharged bankrupt who has been so adjudged either by a Cameroonian court or a foreign judgment enforceable
in Cameroon;
- is insane or of unsound mind,
Source: Electoral Code Chapter I section 48: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
VR004
Authority responsible for voter registration
Question: Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
Answer:
d . Election Management Body (specify)
Comments: The electoral lists are established by the local departments of Elections Cameroon, in cooperation with the competent mixed committtes.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter III section 70 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
VR005
Question: What is the registration method for national elections?
Answer:
b . Voters register
Comments:
Source: Electoral Code Chapter III section 70 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
VR006
Question: How frequently is the voters register updated?
Answer:
b . Annually
Comments: The annual revision of the electoral registers shall commence on 1 January and end on 31 August of every year
Source: Electoral Code Chapter III section 74 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
VR007
Question: What methods are used to compile and update the voters register?
Answer(s):
e . Appearance by voter at registration office
Comments:
Source: Electoral Code Chapter III section 72 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
VR008
Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Question: Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: registration shall not be carried out automatically. It shall be done only at the express request of the elector
Source: Electoral Code Chapter III section 72 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
Parties and Candidates
PC001
Registration requirements for parties (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
d . No registration required
Comments:
Source: Electoral Code. https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
PC002
Registration requirements for parties (Chamber 2)
Question: What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 2)?
Answer(s):
h . Not applicable
Comments: Nominated by president
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC003
Registration requirements for candidates (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
a . Age b . Citizenship f . Registration i . Minimum level of literacy
Comments: Any Cameroonian citizen, of either sex, who enjoys the right to vote and is entered on electoral registers, is aged 23 (twenty-three) years at the date of the election and can read and write English or French can be nominated as a candidate for election to the National Assembly.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter II section 156: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC005
Question: What are the legal qualifications for becoming a candidate at presidential elections?
Answer(s):
a . Age b . Citizenship d . Residence e . Citizenship of parents f . Registration j . Other
Comments: Candidates for the office of President of the Republic must be in full possession of their civic and political rights and
must be aged 35 (thirty-five) years and above by the date of election.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter II section 117 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC006
Question: What can disqualify a candidate at legislative elections?
Answer(s):
a . Current criminal incarceration b . Detention c . Criminal record g . Holding of government office h . Bankruptcy or Insolvency k . Mental health problems n . Holding of other public offices (police etc.) o . Other
Comments: All persons serving in defence and territorial security services, especially in the security and police forces, and members of the armed forces and the like shall likewise be ineligible and may not stand for election to the National Assembly during the
discharge of their duties and during the 6 (six) months following the termination of their service by resignation, dismissal, transfer or by any other manner.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter II section 159: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC007
Question: What can disqualify a candidate at presidential elections?
Answer(s):
a . Current criminal incarceration b . Detention c . Criminal record d . Naturalization f . Holding of military office g . Holding of government office j . Physical health problems k . Mental health problems m . Citizenship of parents n . Holding of other public offices (police etc.) p . Other
Comments: All persons who, by their own doing, have placed themselves in a situation of dependence on or connivance with a foreign
person, organization or power or foreign State shall not be eligible.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter II section 118 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC008
Independent candidates
Question: Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
Answer(s):
b . In presidential elections
Comments: Independent candidates can compete in presidential elections provided that they are supported with signatures of 300 personalities (30 personalities from each Region). In addition, candidates have to pay a deposit of 30,000,000 francs (45,735 euro).
Source: Electoral Code Chapter II section 121 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC009
Question: If independent candidates can compete in legislative elections (Chamber 1), what are the registration requirements?
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC010
Question: If independent candidates can compete in legislative elections (Chamber 2), what are the registration requirements?
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC011
Question: If independent candidates can compete in presidential elections, what are the registration requirements?
Answer(s):
a . Signature requirement (specify) b . Deposit requirement (specify) d . Other
Comments: They are put forward by at least 300 (three hundred) dignitaries hailing from all the Regions, with 30 signatures from each Region. Persons who qualify to append such signatures shall be either Members of Parliament or of Trades Chambers, or Regional
Councillors, Municipal Councillors, or First-Class Chiefs.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter II section 121 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
PC012
Public funding of parties
Question: Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
Answer(s):
b . Direct c . Indirect
Comments: They may receive public funding in the context of their missions, according to conditions fixed under this law
Source: Electoral Code Chapter X section 275 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
PC013
Question: If political parties receive direct/indirect public funding, when do they receive this?
Answer(s):
c . As related to the election period and between elections
Comments: Public financing shall concern both the routine activities of political parties and those devoted to the organization of
election and referendum campaigns.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter X section 276: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC014
Question: If political parties receive indirect public funding, identify the type of funding:
Answer(s):
e . Not Applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC015
Question: What is the basis of the public funding?
Answer(s):
b . Based on result of previous election c . Based on current legislative representation
Comments: Funds reserved for political parties represented in the National Assembly, the Senate, the Regional Council and / or City Council, are allocated in proportion to their current legislative representation.
In addition, there are funds allocated to political parties according to the number of votes obtained in the last elections, provided they have obtained at least 5% of the votes cast in at least one constituency.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter X section 281: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC016
Question: If political parties receive public funding, what is the specified purpose?
Answer(s):
a . General party administration b . Election campaign activities d . Other
Comments: - recurrent administrative expenses;
- the dissemination of its political programme ;
- the co-ordination of the political activities of its members ;
- preparation for elections and referendums.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter X section 280: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC017
Question: Are political parties entitled to private funding?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: (1) It shall be forbidden for any political party to receive subsidies or funding from foreign persons, organizations, powers
and/or States.
(2) Conditions for the private funding of political parties and election and referendum campaigns shall be fixed by a special instrument.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter X section 278: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC018
Question: If political parties are entitled to private funding, for what period?
Answer(s):
d . Not Applicable
Comments:
Source: Electoral Code Chapter X section 278: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC019
Question: Which of the following party financing provisions are applicable?
Answer(s):
c . Prohibition on party funding from foreign sources
Comments: It shall be forbidden for any political party to receive subsidies or funding from foreign persons, organizations, powers
and/or States.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter X section 278: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
PC020
Question: Which of the following candidate financing provisions are applicable?
Answer(s):
c . Prohibition on candidate funding from foreign sources
Comments:
Source: Electoral Code Chapter X section 278: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
PC021
Question: Who is responsible for administering and enforcing party income/funding regulations at national level?
Answer(s):
b . Regulated body specially created for this purpose
Comments: A control commission is hereby instituted to verify,on the basis of supporting documents, that the use of funds by political
parties or candidates conforms to the purpose of this law.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter X section 277: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
Vote Counting
VC001
Question: What are the characteristics of ballots used at national legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
b . Multi-ballot (each party has own ballot, voter picks one ballot and places in envelope)
Comments: The General Directorate of Elections shall, for every candidate, party or list of candidates running in the election,print a number of ballot papers equivalent to the number of electors registered, plus one quarter thereof, as well as campaign ballot papers.
Source:
Electoral Code section 88 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VC002
Question: What are the characteristics of ballots used at national legislative elections (Chamber 2)?
Answer(s):
b . Multi-ballot (each party has own ballot, voter picks one ballot and places in envelope)
Comments: The General Directorate of Elections shall, for every candidate, party or list of candidates running in the election,print a number of ballot papers equivalent to the number of electors registered, plus one quarter thereof, as well as campaign ballot papers.
Source: Electoral Code section 88 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VC003
Question: What are the characteristics of ballots used at presidential elections?
Answer(s):
b . Multi-ballot (each party has own ballot, voter picks one ballot and places in envelope)
Comments: The General Directorate of Elections shall, for every candidate, party or list of candidates running in the election,print a number of ballot papers equivalent to the number of electors registered, plus one quarter thereof, as well as campaign ballot papers.
Source: Electoral Code section 88 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VC004
Votes are sorted/counted at
Question: Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
Answer:
a . The polling stations
Comments: Vote counting and tallying shall take place in each polling station immediately after the actual end of voting
Source: Electoral Code Chapter III section 109: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
VC005
Question: What procedures are used in the initial count?
Answer(s):
b . Preliminary count of all ballots in ballot box d . Number of ballots in box reconciled against number of voters f . Each ballot paper held up for public scrutiny, with name of party/candidate called out loud l . Counted by hand p . Copies of results of the count are publicly posted at the counting site immediately on the completion of the count r . Observers and party agents are permitted to take their own copies of the results
Comments: The vote counting procedure shall be as follows:
The ballot box shall be opened and the number of envelopes contained therein checked;
- One of the scrutineers shall take the ballot paper out of each envelope, unfold it and hand it to another scrutineer who shall read it aloud; the name of the candidate or list of candidates, or the choice “YES” or “NO” in case of referendum,
appearing on the ballot paper shall be recorded by two scrutineers on specially prepared counting sheets.
Where an envelope contains several ballot papers, such ballot papers shall be invalid if they are different; they shall count as one vote if they are identical.
(2) The result of counting shall not take into account:
- Any ballot paper bearing any signs, marks or signature by which the elector may be identified; Ballot papers contained in envelopes bearing signs of a similar nature or in envelopes other than those officially made available to electors;
- Any ballot paper other than officially printed ballot papers.
(3) Ballot papers so declared invalid and, where applicable,envelopes containing such ballot papers shall be attached to the report which shall mention the number of such invalid ballot papers. Ballot papers found in the ballot box without any envelope and envelopes found empty shall likewise be regarded as invalid and mentioned in the report. Counting sheets shall be attached to the report.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter III section 112: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VC006
Question: Following the sorting and counting, to where are the results first transmitted for consolidation?
Answer(s):
b . Sub-district level
Comments: The Chairperson of the Local Polling Commission shall forward the original copy of the report to the Head of the Council
Branch of Elections Cameroon for filing.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter III section 115: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
VC008
Question: How are the initial/preliminary polling results transmitted and communicated to the different levels?
Answer(s):
a . Physically transported
Comments: The Chairperson of the Local Polling Commission shall forward the original copy of the report to the Head of the Council
Branch of Elections Cameroon for filing. The said original copy shall be authentic.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter III section 115 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/05
VC009
Question: If the polling results are physically transported, what is transported?
Answer(s):
b . Unused and spoiled ballots f . Certificate of result
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/06
VC010
Question: If the polling results are physically transported, what security measures are used?
Answer(s):
e . Accompanied by election officials
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/06
VC011
When are ballots recounted?
Question: Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
Answer(s):
g . No information available
Comments:
Source: Electoral Code: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VC012
Question: If automatically recounted, what is the trigger?
Answer:
c . Legislative formula or regulation
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/05
VC013
Question: If ballots are recounted by request, who can make the request?
Answer(s):
a . Political parties b . An individual candidate
Comments: No information
Source: Electoral Code Chapter III section 115 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VC014
Question: If recounted, who conducts the recount?
Answer(s):
a . National Election Management body
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/06
VC015
Question: Are preliminary results announced?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: The Constitutional Council shall adopt and proclaim the results of the presidential election within no more than 15 (fifteen) days of the election
Source: Electoral Code section 137: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VC017
Question: Is there a legal requirement for the declaration of the officially certified results?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The election results shall be published according to the procedure of urgency and inserted in the Official Gazette in
English and French.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter III section 139 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VC018
Question: How long after the close of polls is the certified results publicly announced? (if there is no legal requirement enter the average time)
Answer:
b . days:
Comments: The Constitutional Council shall adopt and proclaim the results of the presidential election within no more than 15 (fifteen)
days of the close of the poll.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter V section 138 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
Media and Elections
ME037
Criteria for allocating free broadcast time
Question: What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
Answer(s):
b . Based on number of candidates put forward in present elections
Comments: Free airtime is allocated to political parties in proportion to the number of candidates put forward. None of these political parties can be allocated less than 5 minutes on television and 10 minutes on radio during the campaign period.
Source: Decree No. 92/030 of 13 February 1992 regulating the access of political parties to public audiovisual media, art. 10: http://www.spm.gov.cm/fr/documentation/textes-legislatifs-et-reglementaires/article/decret-n-92030-du-13-fevrier-1992-fixant-les-modalites-dacces-des-partis-politiques-aux-medias-au.html (2012)
Verified: 2012/08/10
ME059
Television debates
Question: Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
Answer(s):
c . No
Comments:
Source: Transparency International Cameroon, Final Report of the Election Observation Mission to the Presidential Elections of 09 October 2011 in Cameroon: http://www.ti-cameroon.org/doc/Rapport%20final%20d%27observation_Elections%20prsidentielles_TI-C_eng.pdf (2012);
The Commonwealth, Final Report Final Report of the Election Observation Mission to the Presidential Elections of 09 October 2011 in Cameroon: http://www.thecommonwealth.org/files/242978/FileName/2011CETCameroonPresidentialElectionReport.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2012/08/10
ME062
Blackout period for release of opinion poll results.
Question: What is the blackout period, if any, during which results of pre-election opinion polls may not be released to the public?
Answer:
g . No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2012/08/10
ME080
Question: Is there a maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: There are no specific legal provisions in this regard.
Source:
Verified: 2012/08/10
Direct Democracy
DD002
Direct Democracy Provisions (National Level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy Procedures at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: Constitution Article 36 (4). https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/07
DD003
Mandatory referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Mandatory Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Constitution Article 36 (4). https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/07
DD004
Optional referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Optional Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The President of the Republic may decide to submit to referendum any bill or proposal regarding constitutional amendments. In this case, the text is adopted by a simple majority of votes cast.
In addition, the President of the Republic, after consultation with the President of the Constitutional Court, the President of the National Assembly and the President of the Senate, may submit to a referendum any reform bill that could have national implications.
Source: Constitution Article 36 (4). https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/07
DD005
Citizens' Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Citizen’s Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Constitution. https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/07
DD006
Agenda Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Agenda Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Constitution. https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/07
DD007
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Recalls at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Constitution. https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/07
DD015
Question: Who is responsible for managing the administration of direct democracy mechanisms at the national level?
Answer(s):
b . Independent electoral commission
Comments:
Source: Electoral Code Chapter VI section 87: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
DD030
Question: Which issues, if any, maybe the subject of sub-national referendums regulated at the national level?
Answer(s):
d . Other (specify)
Comments: (a) bills to organize public authorities or to amend the Constitution;
(b) bills to ratify international agreements or treaties having particularly important consequences;
(c) certain reform bills relating to the law on persons and property.
Source: Constitution, Article. 36, (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
Verified: 2018/11/07
DD031
Question: Who can initiate a referendum at the national level?
Answer(s):
c . President
Comments: The President of the Republic may, after consulting with the President of the Constitutional Council, the President of the National Assembly and the President of the Senate, submit to a referendum any reform bill which,although normally reserved to the legislative power, could have profound repercussions on the future of the Nation and national institutions
Source: Electoral Code Chapter VII section 197: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
DD129
Question: Are the results of referenda always binding, never binding or sometimes binding?
Answer:
a . Always binding
Comments: The referendum bill shall be adopted where, at the end of the referendum, “YES” carries the majority of the valid votes cast.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter VII section 213 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
DD130
Question: Are the types of issues to vote upon in a referendum constitutional changes only, other issues only or both constitutional and other issues?
Answer:
c . Both constitutional and other issues
Comments: The President of the Republic may, after consulting with the President of the Constitutional Council, the President of the National Assembly and the President of the Senate, submit to a referendum any reform bill which,although normally reserved to the legislative power, could have profound repercussions on the future of the Nation and national institutions
Source: Electoral Code Chapter VII section 197: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/07
DD131
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy at sub-national levels (regional or local)?
Answer:
c . No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/07
DD132
Year of introducing Direct Democracy
Question: What year were the first Direct Democracy mechanisms introduced to the legal framework?
Answer:
e . 1961-1980
Comments: 1972
Source: "Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook", (2008) (http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm)
Verified: 2009/08/31
DD133
Question: What year was the first referendum/initiative held?
Answer:
e . 1961-1980
Comments: 1961
Source: "Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook", (2008) (http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm)
Verified: 2009/08/31
Voting Operations
VO001
Question: Approximately what percentage (on the basis of cost) of election day supplies and equipment are obtained or produced within the country?
Answer:
a . 91-100%
Comments: 15%
Source:
Verified: 2003/01/10
VO002
Question: Is there a code of conduct for election officials?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VO003
Electors vote at
Question: Where can electors vote?
Answer(s):
a . At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections
Comments:
Source: Electoral Code Chapter III section 100 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VO004
Voting outside the country is permitted for
Question: Who can vote from outside the country?
Answer(s):
b . Citizens residing outside the country
Comments: Cameroonian citizens settled or residing abroad shall exercise their right to vote through their participation in the election
of the President of the Republic and in referendums.
Source: Electoral Code Chapter X section 271: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VO005
Locations for voting outside of the country
Question: If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
Answer(s):
a . Embassies b . Consulates
Comments: Polling stations shall be set up in diplomatic representations and consular posts
Source: Electoral Code Chapter X section 271 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VO006
Question: Can people vote in advance of the designated national election day(s)?
Answer:
a . No
Comments: No information available
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/06
VO007
Question: If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), how may they do so?
Answer(s):
f . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/06
VO008
Question: If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), specify who:
Answer(s):
g . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2018/11/06
VO009
Question: Is there a maximum allowable voter capacity of a polling station for the national elections?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: There shall be one polling station for a maximum of 500 (five hundred) electors
Source: Electoral Code Chapter VII section 96 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VO011
Voting method
Question: How do electors cast their votes?
Answer(s):
a . Manually marking of ballots
Comments: The election shall be by secret ballot. Uniform and opaque envelopes shall be used in voting.
Source: Electoral Code section 100 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified: 2018/11/06
VO012
How many staff are assigned to each polling station?
The smallest polling station:
- Chairperson
- a representative of the Administration,
- a representative of each candidate, list of candidates or political party.
The largest polling station:
Average per polling station:
Source
Electoral Code Chapter III section 54: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
Verified
2018/11/06
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