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ELECTORAL INTEGRITY

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Western Sahara Western Sahara

Disclaimer: This section of Comparative Data is not being updated. Users should be aware that data may be inaccurate. If you find inaccuracies please contact the ACE facilitators.

Boundary Delimitation

BD001

Delimitation of constituencies
Question:Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
Answer: d. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
BD003

Criteria for drawing boundaries
Question:On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
Answer(s): i. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
BD005

Body responsible for drawing boundaries
Question:The body responsible for drawing the boundaries is:
Answer(s): i. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

Electoral Systems

ES001

Head of State
Question:How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s): i. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES002

Head of Government
Question:How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer: g. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES003

President
Question:Does the country have a president?
Answer: c. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES004

Number of Chambers
Question:The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer: c. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES005

Electoral System (Chamber 1)
Question:What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s): k. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

Legislative Framework

LF001

Status of Electoral Law
Question:What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
Answer(s): f. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
LF003

Electoral Law covers
Question:The national electoral law covers:
Answer(s): f. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
LF004

Compulsory/voluntary voting
Question:Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
Answer(s): f. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
LF007

Electoral Disputes Agency(ies)
Question:What are the agency(ies) responsible for the first level of formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s): e. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

Electoral Management

EM002

Responsibility of national EMB
Question:Does the national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
Answer(s): e. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
EM004

EMB budget determined by
Question:The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
Answer(s): h. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
EM005

EMB expenditures controlled by
Question:The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
Answer(s): h. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
EM006

Term of EMB members
Question:The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
Answer: e. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

Voter Education

VE001

Information campaigns performed by
Question:Who conducts information campaigns for national elections (informing where, when and how to register and/or vote)?
Answer(s): m. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
VE002

Frequency of voter education programs
Question:At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
Answer: d. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
VE003

National civic education
Question:Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
Answer(s): m. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

Voter Registration

VR001

Voting age
Question:What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
Answer: h. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
VR002

Other voting requirements
Question:Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
Answer(s): f. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
VR004

Authority responsible for voter registration
Question:Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
Answer: f. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
VR008

Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Question:Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Answer: c. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

Parties and Candidates

PC001

Registration requirements for parties (Chamber 1)
Question:What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s): g. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
PC003

Registration requirements for candidates (Chamber 1)
Question:What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s): k. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
PC008

Independent candidates
Question:Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
Answer(s): f. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
PC012

Public funding of parties
Question:Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
Answer(s): e. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
PC015


Question:What is the basis of the public funding?
Answer(s): f. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
PC017


Question:Are political parties entitled to private funding?
Answer: c. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

Vote Counting

VC004

Votes are sorted/counted at
Question:Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
Answer: e. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
VC011

When are ballots recounted?
Question:Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
Answer(s): g. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

Media and Elections

ME037

Criteria for allocating free broadcast time
Question:What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
Answer(s): h. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ME059

Television debates
Question:Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
Answer(s): d. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ME062

Blackout period for release of opinion poll results.
Question:What is the blackout period, if any, during which results of pre-election opinion polls may not be released to the public?
Answer: g. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ME080


Question:Is there a maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
Answer: c. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

Direct Democracy

DD001
Please provide information about the person completing the questionnaire.
 
Name and Title: 	Riva Matar 
Job Title: 	Researcher
Organisation: 	ANND
Contact Address. 	Ashrafieh,– Beirut, Lebanon
Telephone: 	03/ 48 47 78
Facsimile: 	
Email: 	[email protected]
Source
No Source
Verified
2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD002

Direct Democracy Provisions (National Level)
Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy Procedures at the national level?
Answer: c. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD003

Mandatory referendums (national level)
Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Mandatory Referendums at the national level?
Answer: c. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD004

Optional referendums (national level)
Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Optional Referendums at the national level?
Answer: c. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD005

Citizens' Initiatives (national level)
Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Citizen’s Initiatives at national level?
Answer: c. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD006

Agenda Initiatives (national level)
Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Agenda Initiatives at national level?
Answer: c. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD007


Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Recalls at national level?
Answer: c. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD008


Question:What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for mandatory referendums at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
Answer(s): a. Constitutional
b. Specific laws/legislation
Comments: electoral law
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution And Articles 37 to 52, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD009


Question:What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for optional referendums at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
Answer(s): a. Constitutional
b. Specific laws/legislation
Comments: electoral law
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution And Articles 37 to 52, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD010


Question:What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for citizens' initiatives at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution And Articles 37 to 52, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD100


Question:What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for an agenda initiative?
Answer(s): f. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD101


Question:What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for a recall?
Answer(s): f. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD102


Question:What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a referendum?
Answer: d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD103


Question:What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a citizens' initiative?
Answer(s): d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD104


Question:What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a recall?
Answer: d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD105


Question:Who is responsible for checking the signatures?
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD106


Question:Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in a referendum?
Answer(s): a. Agency/department responsible for the administration of direct democracy mechanisms
Comments:
Source: Article 91, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD107


Question:Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in an initiative?
Answer(s): g. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Article 91, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD108


Question:Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in a recall?
Answer(s): g. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Article 91, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD109


Question:What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for a referendum?
Answer(s): c. Radio broadcasts
d. TV broadcasts
e. Press advertisements
Comments:
Source: Article 91, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD011


Question:What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for agenda initiatives at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution And Articles 37 to 52, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD110


Question:What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for an initiative?
Answer(s): i. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Article 91, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD111


Question:What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for a recall?
Answer(s): i. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Article 91, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD112


Question:Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in a referendum?
Answer(s): g. None
Comments:
Source: Article 91, Electoral law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD113


Question:Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in an initiative?
Answer(s): h. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Article 91, Electoral law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD114


Question:Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in a recall?
Answer(s): h. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Article 91, Electoral law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD115


Question:What is the period during which these controls apply for a referendum?
Answer: a. Fixed time period (specify)
Comments:
Source: Article 85, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD116


Question:What is the period during which these controls apply for an initiative?
Answer: c. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Article 85, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD117


Question:What is the period during which these controls apply for a recall?
Answer: c. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Article 85, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD118


Question:Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for a referendum? Specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s): d. No campaign organisations
Comments: The Supreme Committee for Elections is responsible. No other campaign organisations
Source: Article 91, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD119


Question:Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for an initiative? Specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s): f. Not applicable
Comments: The Supreme Committee for Elections is responsible. No other campaign organisations
Source: Article 91, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD012


Question:What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for recalls at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution And Articles 37 to 52, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD120


Question:Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for a recall? Specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s): f. Not applicable
Comments: The Supreme Committee for Elections is responsible. No other campaign organisations
Source: Article 91, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD121


Question:Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for a referendum? Specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s): g. Not applicable
Comments: The Supreme Committee for Elections is responsible. No other campaign organisations.
Source: Article 91, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD122


Question:Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for an initiative? Specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s): g. Not applicable
Comments: The Supreme Committee for Elections is responsible. No other campaign organisations.
Source: Article 91, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD123


Question:Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for a recall? Specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s): g. Not applicable
Comments: The Supreme Committee for Elections is responsible. No other campaign organisations.
Source: Article 91, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD124
If free media access is provided, what are the criteria for allocating broadcast time / printing space?
 
  	Not mentioned
Not applicable
Source
Articles 37 to 52, Electoral Law
Verified
2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD125


Question:Is the government permitted to campaign either in favour of or against any specific outcome to a referendum, initiatives or recall vote?
Answer(s): b. No
Comments:
Source: Articles 37 to 52, Electoral Law
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD127


Question:What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign for a recall?
Answer: e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD013
When were direct democracy mechanisms first introduced into the legal framework at the national level? Date (yyyy)
 
Mandatory referendum 	1994
Optional referendum 	1994
Citizens' initiative 	
Agenda initiative 	
Recall 	
Not applicable
Source
Article 4, Constitution
Verified
2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD014
When was an administrative framework for direct democracy mechanisms first introduced at the national level? Date (yyyy)
 
Mandatory referendum 	2001
Optional referendum 	2001
Citizens' initiative 	
Agenda initiative 	
Recall 	
Not applicable
Source
Electoral law
Verified
2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD015


Question:Who is responsible for managing the administration of direct democracy mechanisms at the national level?
Answer(s): b. Independent electoral commission
Comments: Supreme Committee, Same as for Elections
Source: Article 159, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD016


Question:Does this agency/department also manage the administration of national elections?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments:
Source: Article 159, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD017


Question:Are mandatory referendums currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
Answer: a. Yes, in all regions/states/provinces
Comments:
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD018


Question:Are optional referendums currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
Answer: a. Yes, in all regions/states/provinces
Comments:
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD019


Question:Are citizens' initiatives currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
Answer: d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD020


Question:Are agenda initiatives currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
Answer: d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD021


Question:Are recalls currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
Answer: d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD022


Question:Are mandatory referendums currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
Answer: a. Yes, in all municipalities/districts/communes
Comments:
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD023


Question:Are optional referendums currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
Answer: a. Yes, in all municipalities/districts/communes
Comments:
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD024


Question:Are citizens' initiatives currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
Answer: d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD025


Question:Are agenda initiatives currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
Answer: d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD026


Question:Are recalls currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
Answer: d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 119, 158, and 159, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD031


Question:Who can initiate a referendum at the national level?
Answer(s): c. President
d. Legislative majority
Comments:
Source: Articles 119 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD032


Question:Who is responsible for drafting the mandatory referendum question?
Answer(s): c. President
Comments:
Source: Article 119, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD033


Question:Who is responsible for drafting the optional referendum question?
Answer(s): c. President
Comments:
Source: Article 119, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD036


Question:Which institution(s) decides on the final form of the ballot text for mandatory referendums?
Answer(s): c. President
Comments:
Source: Article 119, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD037


Question:Which institution(s) decides on the final form of the ballot text for optional referendums?
Answer(s): c. President
Comments:
Source: Article 119, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD038
What, if any, are the quorum requirements for a mandatory referendum to be valid? Please specify numbers/percentages.
 
Turnout quorum 	
Approval quorum 	X
No quorum required 	
Not applicable
Source
Article 93, Electoral Law
Verified
2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD039
What, if any, are the quorum requirements for a optional referendum to be valid? Please specify numbers/percentages.
 
Turnout quorum 	
Approval quorum 	X
No quorom required 	
Not applicable
Source
Article 93, Electoral Law
Verified
2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD040


Question:What are the requirements for mandatory referendums to pass?
Answer(s): a. Simple majority (>50%)
Comments:
Source: Article 93, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD041


Question:What are the requirements for optional referendums to pass?
Answer(s): a. Simple majority (>50%)
Comments:
Source: Article 93, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD043


Question:When is the outcome of a mandatory referendum binding?
Answer: c. Never
Comments: The President has the final decision
Source: Articles 156 and 157, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD044


Question:When is the outcome of an optional referendum binding?
Answer: c. Never
Comments: The President has the final decision
Source: Articles 156 and 157, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD045


Question:Which types of issues can be proposed by citizens using the citizens' initiative process at the national level?
Answer(s): d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD046


Question:Which types of issues can be proposed by citizens using the agenda initiative process at the national level?
Answer(s): d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD049


Question:Who may propose the registration of a citizens' initiative? Please specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s): d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD050


Question:Who may propose the registration of an agenda initiative? Please specify in the "Comments" section below.
Answer(s): d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD051


Question:What material is necessary to accompany an application for registration?
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD052


Question:Who determines the title of a citizens' initiative?
Answer(s): f. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD053


Question:Who determines the title of an agenda initiative?
Answer: f. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD054


Question:Which, if any, of the following disqualify a proposed title of an initiative?
Answer(s): h. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD055


Question:Which services are provided by the agency/department responsible for the administration of direct democracy mechanisms before an initiative can be published?
Answer(s): e. None
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD056


Question:Under what circumstances is an initiative checked for constitutionality or legality?
Answer(s): d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD058


Question:If a check of the constitutionality or legality of an initiative takes place, when does this happen?
Answer(s): f. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD059


Question:Which institutions, if any, are given an opportunity to propose an alternative to proposals contained in a citizens' initiative?
Answer(s): g. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD061


Question:What happens when there is a valid alternative proposal?
Answer: e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD062


Question:When an initiative proposal and an alternative proposal are put to the vote on the same day, what choices does the voter have?
Answer(s): f. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD063


Question:Who decides the final ballot text?
Answer(s): f. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD064


Question:Once an initiative is qualified for the ballot, the vote on it takes place:
Answer: d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD065


Question:Which of the following individuals/positions may be subject to the recall mechanism?
Answer(s): k. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD068


Question:If a recall qualifies for the ballot, when is it put to the vote?
Answer: d. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD069


Question:When does the election to replace an individual who has been recalled take place?
Answer: c. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD071


Question:Can an individual who is the subject of a recall stand on the ballot for his/her own replacement?
Answer: c. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD072
How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for an abrogative referendum (optional)? Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section. 
Fixed number 	
Proportion of the electorate 	
Proportion of the vote at the most recent election 	
Other (specify) 	
Not applicable 	X
Source
Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified
2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD073
How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a rejective referendum (optional)? Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section. 
Fixed number 	
Proportion of the electorate 	
Proportion of the vote at the most recent election 	
Other (specify) 	
Not applicable 	X
Source
Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified
2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD074
How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a citizens' initiative? Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section. 
Fixed number 	
Proportion of the electorate 	
Proportion of the vote at the most recent election 	
Other (specify) 	
Not applicable 	X
Source
Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified
2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD075
How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for an agenda initiative? Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section. 
Fixed number 	
Proportion of the electorate 	
Proportion of the vote at the most recent election 	
Other (specify) 	
Not applicable 	X
Source
Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified
2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD076


Question:What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional) has been published?
Answer: c. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD077


Question:What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for a rejective referendum (optional) has been published?
Answer: c. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD078


Question:What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for a citizens' initiative has been published?
Answer: c. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD079


Question:What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for an agenda initiative has been published?
Answer: c. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD080


Question:What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD081


Question:What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for a rejective referendum (optional)?
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD082


Question:What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for a citizens' initiative?
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD083


Question:What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for an agenda initiative?
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD084
How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a recall? Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section. 
Fixed number 	
Proportion of the electorate 	
Proportion of the vote at the most recent election 	
Other (specify) 	
Not applicable 	X
Source
Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified
2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD085


Question:What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for recall has been published?
Answer: c. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD087


Question:Where can proposals for an abrogative referendum (optional) be signed?
Answer(s): g. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD088


Question:Where can proposals for a rejective referendum (optional) be signed?
Answer(s): g. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD089


Question:Where can proposals for a citizens' initiative be signed?
Answer(s): g. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD090


Question:Where can proposals for an agenda initiative be signed?
Answer(s): g. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD091


Question:Where can proposals for a recall be signed?
Answer(s): g. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD092


Question:What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD093


Question:What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a rejective referendum (optional)?
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD094


Question:What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a citizens' initiative?
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD095


Question:What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for an agenda initiative?
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD096


Question:What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a recall?
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD097


Question:What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
Answer(s): f. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD098


Question:What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for a rejective referendum (optional)?
Answer(s): f. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD099


Question:What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for a citizens' initiative?
Answer(s): f. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Articles 42, 118, 156 and 158, Constitution
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD129


Question:Are the results of referenda always binding, never binding or sometimes binding?
Answer: d. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD130


Question:Are the types of issues to vote upon in a referendum constitutional changes only, other issues only or both constitutional and other issues?
Answer: d. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD131


Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy at sub-national levels (regional or local)?
Answer: c. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD132

Year of introducing Direct Democracy
Question:What year were the first Direct Democracy mechanisms introduced to the legal framework?
Answer: h. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
DD133


Question:What year was the first referendum/initiative held?
Answer: h. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

Voting Operations

VO003

Electors vote at
Question:Where can electors vote?
Answer(s): k. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
VO004

Voting outside the country is permitted for
Question:Who can vote from outside the country?
Answer(s): h. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
VO005

Locations for voting outside of the country
Question:If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
Answer(s): g. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
VO011

Voting method
Question:How do electors cast their votes?
Answer(s): h. No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/08/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)