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Boundary Delimitation
BD001
Delimitation of constituencies
Question: Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
Answer:
b . No, existing regional/provincial/other boundaries are used
Comments: "There shall be only one single constituency in the election of the National Parliament, corresponding to the entire national territory, headquartered in Dili."
Source: Law on the Election of the National Parliament of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 9:
https://constitutionnet.org/sites/default/files/Election%20Law%20East%20Timor%20%28Pres%29.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
BD002
Question: The authority responsible for final approval of the constituency boundaries is:
Answer(s):
d . A government department or agency
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
BD003
Criteria for drawing boundaries
Question: On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
Answer(s):
h . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Law on the Election of the National Parliament of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 9:
https://constitutionnet.org/sites/default/files/Election%20Law%20East%20Timor%20%28Pres%29.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
BD004
Question: If population is a criterion, which population figure is used?
Answer:
g . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
BD005
Body responsible for drawing boundaries
Question: The body responsible for drawing the boundaries is:
Answer(s):
h . Not applicable
Comments:
Source: Law on the Election of the National Parliament of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 9:
https://constitutionnet.org/sites/default/files/Election%20Law%20East%20Timor%20%28Pres%29.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
BD006
Question: What statistical or other reasons trigger the redrawing of electoral constituency boundaries?
Answer(s):
m . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
Electoral Systems
ES001
Head of State
Question: How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s):
c . Directly elected in general elections (absolute majority with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: The President of the Republic is the Head of State elected for a five year term, renewable once. The election of the President of the Republic shall be conducted through the system based on the majority of validly expressed votes, excluding blank votes, by universal, free, direct, secret, and personal suffrage. Where no candidate gets more than half of the votes, a second round shall take place on the 30th day following the first voting. Only the two candidates obtaining the highest number of votes shall be eligible to stand in a run-off election, provided they have not withdrawn their candidacies.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 74-76: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
ES002
Head of Government
Question: How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer:
e . Appointed
Comments: The head of government is the Prime Minister. The Prime Minister shall be designated by the most-voted political party or alliance of political parties with parliamentary majority and shall be appointed by the President of the Republic, after consultation with the political parties sitting in the National Parliament.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 104 (1) and 106 (1): https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
ES003
President
Question: Does the country have a president?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The President of the Republic is the Head of State and the symbol and guarantor of national independence and unity of the State and of the smooth functioning of democratic institutions.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 74: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
ES004
Number of Chambers
Question: The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer:
a . One chamber
Comments: The National Parliament is the organ of sovereignty of the Democratic Republic of East Timor that represents all Timorese citizens and is vested with legislative supervisory and political decision making powers. The National Parliament shall be made up of a minimum of fifty-two and a maximum of sixty-five Members.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 92-93: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
ES005
Electoral System (Chamber 1)
Question: What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s):
g . List Proportional Representation
Comments: Conversion of the votes into mandates shall observe the principle of proportional representation.
The conversion of votes into mandates shall observe the proportional representation system in accordance with the Hondt highest average method. Lists obtaining less than 3% (three percent) of the total of valid votes, blank votes excluded, shall not be entitled to attribution of mandates.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 65 (4): https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Law n.º 6/2006 on the Election of the National Parliament of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 13: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-06.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
ES006
Question: What is the electoral system for Chamber 2 of the national legislature?
Answer(s):
k . The national legislature consists of one chamber only
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/14
ES007
Question: If List PR is used, is a highest average formula used?
Answer:
c . Largest Remainder Method (Quota)
Comments: List of 75 candidates: To ensure seats are taken
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/25
ES008
Question: What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 1?
Answer(s):
a . National level b . Specially delimited constituencies
Comments: A mixed system. 77 seats are distributed at the national level and the remaining 13 seats are distributed at the districts level.
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/14
ES009
Question: What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 2?
Answer(s):
d . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/14
ES010
Question: Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 1 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/14
ES012
Question: Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 2 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
Answer:
c . The national legislature consists of one chamber only
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/14
ES014
Question: What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 1?
Answer:
a . No minimum
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/14
ES015
Question: What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 2?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/14
ES016
Question: What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 1?
Answer:
a . No minimum
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/14
ES017
Question: What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 2?
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/14
ES018
Question: Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 1, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
Answer(s):
d . Other
Comments: One time election. Constituent Assembly will work on new constitution.
Source:
Verified: 2002/05/27
ES019
Question: Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 2, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/14
ES020
Question: Regarding Chamber 1 elections (excluding advance voting, postal voting, etc):
Answer:
a . Voting takes place on one day
Comments: August 30, 2001.
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/14
ES021
Question: Regarding Chamber 2 elections (excluding advance voting, postal voting, etc):
Answer:
c . Not applicable
Comments: test
Source:
Verified: 2006/03/17
Legislative Framework
LF001
Status of Electoral Law
Question: What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Part of Constitution b . Separate legislation d . Regulations or administrative rules
Comments: Constitution and Law on the Election of the National Parliament
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 65-66: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Law no. 6-7/2011, Law on the Election of the National Parliament: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law%20no.%207_2011%20Second%20Amendment%20to%20Law%2062006%20of%20December%20%20Law%20on%20the%20Election%20of%20the%20National%20Parliament.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
LF002
Question: What is the date of the latest version of the national electoral law (including latest amendments)?
Answer:
a . January 2000 or later
Comments: Electoral law prepared by EMB.
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
LF003
Electoral Law covers
Question: The national electoral law covers:
Answer(s):
a . National elections
Comments:
Source: Law no. 5,6-7/2011, Law on the Election of the National Parliament: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law%20no.%207_2011%20Second%20Amendment%20to%20Law%2062006%20of%20December%20%20Law%20on%20the%20Election%20of%20the%20National%20Parliament.pdf
https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
LF004
Compulsory/voluntary voting
Question: Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
Answer(s):
a . Voting is voluntary
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 46-47: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Law no. 6/2011, Law on the Election of the National Parliament, article 4:: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law%20no.%207_2011%20Second%20Amendment%20to%20Law%2062006%20of%20December%20%20Law%20on%20the%20Election%20of%20the%20National%20Parliament.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
LF005
Question: Are there provisions in the law which permit or require regional and/ or local election (s) to be held on the same day as national elections?
Answer:
a . National elections are not held on the same day as regional or local elections
Comments: There is no local election.
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/25
LF006
Question: Are there provisions in the law which permit or require presidential election (s) to be held on the same day as national legislative elections?
Answer(s):
c . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
LF007
Electoral Disputes Agency(ies)
Question: What are the agency(ies) responsible for the first level of formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s):
a . Judiciary b . EMB
Comments: Appeals against decisions made by electoral administration bodies in the framework of their competencies shall be filed with the Supreme Court of Justice.
It is incumbent upon the Supreme Court of Justice, in the specific field of
elections:
a) To verify the legal requirements for candidates for the office of President
of the Republic;
b) To certify at last instance the regularity and validity of the acts of the
electoral process, in accordance with the respective law;
c) To validate and proclaim the results of the electoral process.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 65, 126: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Law no. 5/2006, Law on the Election of the National Parliament, article 3: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
LF008
Question: If the agency(ies) which settles formal disputes is/are specially appointed/elected; by whom?
Answer(s):
g . Other
Comments: Secretary General of UN.
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
LF009
Question: Who has the right to submit cases to the person or agency(ies)which settles formal disputes?
Answer(s):
a . Candidates b . Parties c . Voters
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
LF010
Question: What body(ies) is the final appellate authority for formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s):
a . Electoral Management Body
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
LF011
Question: Which body(ies) proposes electoral reforms?
Answer(s):
f . Other
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
Electoral Management
EM002
Responsibility of national EMB
Question: Does the national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
Answer(s):
a . National level c . Local level d . Other kinds of elections (church, union, etc.) Please specify.
Comments: Electoral administration bodies shall exercise functions relating to all electoral acts pertaining to organs of sovereignty, referenda, or local government.
Source: Law no. 5/2006, Law on the Election of the National Parliament, article 2: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
EM003
Question: The national electoral management body reports to:
Answer(s):
f . Other
Comments: Independent. Answers to UN Secretary General.
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
EM004
EMB budget determined by
Question: The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
Answer(s):
c . The legislature
Comments: CNE shall be supported by a permanent secretariat and shall have its own budget integrated in the State Budget, pursuant to the law.
Source: Law no. 5/2006, Law on the Election of the National Parliament, article 11: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
EM005
EMB expenditures controlled by
Question: The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
Answer(s):
c . The legislature
Comments: CNE shall be supported by a permanent secretariat and shall have its own budget integrated in the State Budget, pursuant to the law.
Source: Law no. 5/2006, Law on the Election of the National Parliament, article 11: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
EM006
Term of EMB members
Question: The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
Answer:
b . For a specified number of years
Comments: Members of CNE shall have a six-year term and shall only have a maximum of two terms in office.
Source: Law no. 5/2006, Law on the Election of the National Parliament, article 7: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
EM007
Question: The national electoral management body chairperson, or equivalent, is chosen in the following way:
Answer(s):
g . Other
Comments: Selected by Board of Commissioners.
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
EM012
Electoral Management model
Question: What is the Electoral Management model?
Answer:
c . Mixed
Comments: The electoral administration bodies are:
(a) The National Electoral Commission referred to as 'CNE';
(b) The Technical Secretariat for Electoral Administration referred to as 'STAE'.
CNE shall be independent from any bodies of the central or local political power and shall enjoy financial, administrative and organizational autonomy.
Members of CNE cannot be removed from office and shall be independent in the exercise of their mandate.
The structure, organization, composition, competencies and functioning of STAE shall be defined by law, which must define it as an executive body of electoral administration under the dependency of the competent ministry.
Source: Law no. 5/2006 on the Election Administration Bodies, article 1, 4, 6, 12: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
EM013
Number of EMB members
Question: The EMB is composed of:
Answer:
b . 11 - 20 members (specify)
Comments: CNE shall be composed of fifteen members, as follows:
a) Three members appointed by the President of the Republic;
b) Three members elected by the National Parliament;
c) Three members appointed by the Government;
d) One judicial magistrate elected by his or her peers;
e) One public prosecution magistrate elected by his or her peers;
f) One public defender elected by his or her peers;
g) One nominated by the Catholic Church;
h) One nominated by the remaining religious faiths;
i) One representative of women organizations
Source: Law no. 5/2006 on the Election Administration Bodies, article 5: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
EM014
Membership based on
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected on the basis of their:
Answer:
b . Expertise
Comments: Only citizens of recognized competency with no responsibilities in a political party leadership or in electoral candidacies may be appointed or elected for CNE.
Source: Law no. 5/2006 on the Election Administration Bodies, article 5 (4): https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
EM015
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected by:
Answer(s):
a . Head of State b . Head of Government e . Legislature f . Judiciary h . Civil society i . Other
Comments: CNE shall be composed of fifteen members, as follows:
a) Three members appointed by the President of the Republic;
b) Three members elected by the National Parliament;
c) Three members appointed by the Government;
d) One judicial magistrate elected by his or her peers;
e) One public prosecution magistrate elected by his or her peers;
f) One public defender elected by his or her peers;
g) One nominated by the Catholic Church;
h) One nominated by the remaining religious faiths;
i) One representative of women organizations
Source: Law no. 5/2006 on the Election Administration Bodies, article 5 (1): https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
Voter Education
VE001
Information campaigns performed by
Question: Who conducts information campaigns for national elections (informing where, when and how to register and/or vote)?
Answer(s):
a . National Electoral Management Body
Comments: The National Electoral Commission (CNE) is responsible for voter information.
Source: Law no. 5/2006 on the Electoral Administration Bodies, article 8: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
VE002
Frequency of voter education programs
Question: At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
Answer:
a . Continuously
Comments:
Source: https://www.ifes.org/timor-leste
European Union Election Expert Mission Timor-Leste, 2023: https://www.eods.eu/library/EU%20EEM%20TLS%202023%20FR%20en.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
VE003
National civic education
Question: Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
Answer(s):
b . Yes, conducted by the National Electoral Management Body h . Yes, conducted by NGOs/ Civic Organizations
Comments: Yes, conducted by Civil Society Organizations, International Organizations and the National Electoral Commission
Source: EU Election Observation Mission, Final Report on the Parliamentary Elections of 2012, p. 10 - 11
https://www.undp.org/timor-leste/press-releases/inclusive-elections-voter-education-outreached-1037-youth
https://www.ifes.org/timor-leste
Verified: 2024/10/02
VE004
Question: What types of voter education activities were carried out at the most recent national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Poster/ Billboard campaigns b . Media advertisement c . Simulation exercises e . Public meetings
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
VE005
Question: What types of civic education activities were carried out at the most recent national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Poster/ Billboard campaigns b . Media advertisement e . Public meetings
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
VE006
Question: Special voter education programs were developed at the most recent national elections for:
Answer(s):
c . Women
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
Voter Registration
VR001
Voting age
Question: What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
Answer:
b . 17
Comments: Every citizen over the age of seventeen has the right to vote and to be elected.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 47: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Law no. 7/2011, Law on the Election of the National Parliament, article 4: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law%20no.%207_2011%20Second%20Amendment%20to%20Law%2062006%20of%20December%20%20Law%20on%20the%20Election%20of%20the%20National%20Parliament.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
VR002
Other voting requirements
Question: Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Citizenship e . Other
Comments: Every citizen over the age of seventeen has the right to vote and to be elected.
The following are not granted active electoral capacity:
a) Individuals judicially disabled due to a sentence imposed by a court of law;
b) Individuals clearly and publicly known as mentally ill even where they are not judicially
disabled.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 47: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Law no. 7/2011, Law on the Election of the National Parliament, article 5: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law%20no.%207_2011%20Second%20Amendment%20to%20Law%206-2006%20of%20December%20%20Law%20on%20the%20Election%20of%20the%20National%20Parliament.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
VR003
Question: What restrictions on registering to vote and voting exist in the country?
Answer(s):
i . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
VR004
Authority responsible for voter registration
Question: Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
Answer:
d . Election Management Body (specify)
Comments: The Technical Secretariat for Electoral Administration.
Source: Law no. 5/2006 on the Electoral Administration Bodies, article 12: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
VR005
Question: What is the registration method for national elections?
Answer:
d . Other
Comments: Civil registry.
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
VR006
Question: How frequently is the voters register updated?
Answer:
f . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
VR007
Question: What methods are used to compile and update the voters register?
Answer(s):
e . Appearance by voter at registration office
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
VR008
Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Question: Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Registration of voters shall be compulsory and officially initiated, single and
universal, to be updated for each election.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 65 (2): https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Law on the Election of the National Parliament, article 4 (2): https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law%20no.%207_2011%20Second%20Amendment%20to%20Law%206-2006%20of%20December%20%20Law%20on%20the%20Election%20of%20the%20National%20Parliament.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
Parties and Candidates
PC001
Registration requirements for parties (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
e . Minimum number of candidates f . Other
Comments: Candidacies shall be presented by political parties individually or in party coalitions as long as they are duly registered, and the lists may include citizens not belonging to the respective parties. The lists of candidates shall be presented to CNE within a period of 30 (thirty) days from the date of publication of the decree scheduling the election date.
Lists proposed for the election by a political party or a party coalition must contain 65 (sixty-five) effective candidates as well as no less than 25 (twenty-five) alternate candidates.
The lists of effective and alternate candidates shall include at least 1 (one) woman candidate for every group of 3 (three) candidates.
Source: Law n.º 6/2006 on the Election of the National Parliament of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, articles 12, 19 and 22: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-06.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
PC002
Registration requirements for parties (Chamber 2)
Question: What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 2)?
Answer(s):
g . No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
PC003
Registration requirements for candidates (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
a . Age b . Citizenship f . Registration
Comments: Timorese citizens above 17 years old are eligible to run for the National Parliament. Timorese citizens with active electoral capacity are eligible to run for the National Parliament.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 47 (1): https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf(1);
Law n.º 6/2006 on the Election of the National Parliament of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 6: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-06.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
PC005
Question: What are the legal qualifications for becoming a candidate at presidential elections?
Answer(s):
k . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
PC006
Question: What can disqualify a candidate at legislative elections?
Answer(s):
f . Holding of military office g . Holding of government office
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
PC007
Question: What can disqualify a candidate at presidential elections?
Answer(s):
o . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
PC008
Independent candidates
Question: Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
Answer(s):
b . In presidential elections
Comments: Candidacies for parliamentary elections shall be presented by duly registered political parties individually or in party coalition as long as they are duly registered, and the lists may include citizens not belonging to the respective parties.
Candidacies for presidential elections shall be presented by a minimum number of 5,000 (five thousand) voting citizens from all districts.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 75 (1): https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Law n.º 6/2006 on the Election of the National Parliament of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 19 (1):
https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-06.pdf
Law No. 7/2006 on the election of the President of the Republic with the 2012 amendment, art. 15 (1)
Verified: 2024/11/14
PC009
Question: If independent candidates can compete in legislative elections (Chamber 1), what are the registration requirements?
Answer(s):
a . Signature requirement (specify)
Comments: Signature requirement: 500
Independent for district seat needs 100 signatures.
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
PC010
Question: If independent candidates can compete in legislative elections (Chamber 2), what are the registration requirements?
Answer(s):
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
PC011
Question: If independent candidates can compete in presidential elections, what are the registration requirements?
Answer(s):
e . Not Applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
PC012
Public funding of parties
Question: Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
Answer(s):
b . Direct c . Indirect
Comments: The National Parliament shall annually set the overall amount of public grants for political parties with parliamentary representation and such amount shall be provided for in the general budget of the State as a specific item to be included in the appropriation for the National Electoral Commission.
In addition, political parties shall be exempt from taxes, initial fees and legal charges and shall be granted free broadcast time on the public media.
Source: Law n.º 6/2008 of 16 April 2008 regulating political party funding, articles 11, 18 (1): https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2008-06.pdf
Regulation n.º 03/STAE/X/2011 on the electoral campaign for presidential and parliamentary elections, articles 19, 20 and 22: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/TL/timor-leste-regulation-no-03-stae-x-2011-on-the/view
Verified: 2024/11/14
PC013
Question: If political parties receive direct/indirect public funding, when do they receive this?
Answer(s):
a . As related to the election period only
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
PC014
Question: If political parties receive indirect public funding, identify the type of funding:
Answer(s):
a . Free media access c . Free state transportation d . Other
Comments: Resourse centre for political parties.
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
PC015
Question: What is the basis of the public funding?
Answer(s):
a . Equal funding, regardless of size and previous performance c . Based on current legislative representation
Comments: Out of the overall amount of the grant, 50% shall be equally divided among all the political parties with parliamentary representation, and the remaining 50% shall be allocated according to proportional representation, as achieved by political parties.
Source: Law n.º 6/2008 of 16 April 2008 regulating political party funding, article 11 (2): https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2008-06.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
PC016
Question: If political parties receive public funding, what is the specified purpose?
Answer(s):
c . Unspecified
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
PC017
Question: Are political parties entitled to private funding?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: Law n.º 6/2008 of 16 April 2008 regulating political party funding, article 4: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2008-06.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
PC018
Question: If political parties are entitled to private funding, for what period?
Answer(s):
a . As related to the election period only
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
PC019
Question: Which of the following party financing provisions are applicable?
Answer(s):
j . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
PC020
Question: Which of the following candidate financing provisions are applicable?
Answer(s):
j . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/17
PC021
Question: Who is responsible for administering and enforcing party income/funding regulations at national level?
Answer(s):
c . Government department
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/18
Vote Counting
VC001
Question: What are the characteristics of ballots used at national legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
a . Single ballot (all registered parties listed)
Comments: Two ballots. One for district and one national.
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC002
Question: What are the characteristics of ballots used at national legislative elections (Chamber 2)?
Answer(s):
s . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC003
Question: What are the characteristics of ballots used at presidential elections?
Answer(s):
s . Not Applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC004
Votes are sorted/counted at
Question: Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
Answer:
a . The polling stations
Comments: The counting of the votes shall begin immediately after the closing of the polling centre or polling station and after a review of any doubts, complaints and challenges. It shall be carried out by the electoral officers at the polling centre or polling station, in the presence of the delegates of the candidacies and, whenever they are present, of national or international observers and media professionals.
Source: Law no.6/2006 on National Parliament Elections, article 46: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law%20no.%207_2011%20Second%20Amendment%20to%20Law%206-2006%20of%20December%20%20Law%20on%20the%20Election%20of%20the%20National%20Parliament.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
VC005
Question: What procedures are used in the initial count?
Answer(s):
a . Separate ballots for different elections d . Number of ballots in box reconciled against number of voters e . Number of ballots reconciled against ballots initially received (minus spoilt and unused) j . Sorted into piles according to individual party/candidate l . Counted by hand p . Copies of results of the count are publicly posted at the counting site immediately on the completion of the count r . Observers and party agents are permitted to take their own copies of the results
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC006
Question: Following the sorting and counting, to where are the results first transmitted for consolidation?
Answer(s):
e . National level
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC007
Question: At what levels are seats allocated?
Answer(s):
b . District level d . National level
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC008
Question: How are the initial/preliminary polling results transmitted and communicated to the different levels?
Answer(s):
c . By fax e . Radio f . By computer
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC009
Question: If the polling results are physically transported, what is transported?
Answer(s):
a . Ballots b . Unused and spoiled ballots d . Voter rolls g . Ballot boxes
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC010
Question: If the polling results are physically transported, what security measures are used?
Answer(s):
b . Tamper proof bags d . Transported in boxes sealed with numbered seals e . Accompanied by election officials f . Accompanied by party representatives h . Accompanied by police or other security personnel i . Accompanied by observers
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC011
When are ballots recounted?
Question: Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
Answer(s):
d . By request
Comments: 1. The provisional tabulation of national results published by CNE may be the subject of
appeals. Such appeals shall be presented to the plenary of STJ within 48 (forty-eight)
hours after the disclosure of the results. The STJ shall immediately notify the interested
parties and rule on such appeals within an identical period of time.
2. After the period of time provided in paragraph 49(1) above has expired without any
appeal being filed, CNE shall forward the minutes of the national tabulation results to
the STJ together with the minutes of the district tabulations as well as any other
documents it deems important, with a clear indication that no appeal has been filed.
Source: Law no.6/2006 on National Parliament Elections, article 49: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law%20no.%207_2011%20Second%20Amendment%20to%20Law%206-2006%20of%20December%20%20Law%20on%20the%20Election%20of%20the%20National%20Parliament.pdf
Verified: 2024/10/02
VC012
Question: If automatically recounted, what is the trigger?
Answer:
e . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC013
Question: If ballots are recounted by request, who can make the request?
Answer(s):
a . Political parties b . An individual candidate
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC014
Question: If recounted, who conducts the recount?
Answer(s):
a . National Election Management body
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC015
Question: Are preliminary results announced?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC017
Question: Is there a legal requirement for the declaration of the officially certified results?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
VC018
Question: How long after the close of polls is the certified results publicly announced? (if there is no legal requirement enter the average time)
Answer:
b . days:
Comments: 2-3 days. Maximum 10 days.
Source:
Verified: 2009/11/04
Media and Elections
ME037
Criteria for allocating free broadcast time
Question: What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
Answer(s):
a . Equal regardless of size of party and previous performance
Comments: During the campaign period, radio stations and television reserve equal airtime for candidates, political parties and party coalitions. If two parties request the same time slot, there will be a random lottery to decide who gets the specific time slot.
Source: Regulation n.º 03/STAE/X/2011 on the electoral campaign for presidential and parliamentary elections, articles 18, 19, 20: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/TL/timor-leste-regulation-no-03-stae-x-2011-on-the/view
Verified: 2024/11/14
ME059
Television debates
Question: Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
Answer(s):
b . Yes, in legislative elections
Comments:
Source: EU Election Observation Mission, Final Report on the Parliamentary Elections of 2012, p. 19: https://www.eods.eu/library/EUEOM%20FR%20TIMOR%20LESTE%2028.09.2012_en.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
ME062
Blackout period for release of opinion poll results.
Question: What is the blackout period, if any, during which results of pre-election opinion polls may not be released to the public?
Answer:
b . 2-3 days
Comments: Opinion polls and surveys shall not be published the two days preceding the election day.
Source: Regulation n.º 03/STAE/X/2011 on the electoral campaign for presidential and parliamentary elections, article 4 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/TL/timor-leste-regulation-no-03-stae-x-2011-on-the/view
Verified: 2024/11/14
ME080
Question: Is there a maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: Existing legislation does not set a ceiling on the amount that a political party is allowed to spend on paid advertising during the campaign period.
Source: EU Election Observation Mission, Final Report on the Parliamentary Elections of 2012, p. 4; https://www.eods.eu/library/EUEOM%20FR%20TIMOR%20LESTE%2028.09.2012_en.pdf
Law n.º 6/2006 on the Election of the National Parliament of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 13: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-06.pdf
Law n.º 6/2008 of 16 April 2008 regulating political party funding; https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2008-06.pdf
Regulation n.º 03/STAE/X/2011 on the electoral campaign for presidential and parliamentary elections
Verified: 2024/11/14
Direct Democracy
DD002
Direct Democracy Provisions (National Level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy Procedures at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, articles 66, 85 (f), 95 (3-k), 115 (2-d), 156 (2): https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
DD003
Mandatory referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Mandatory Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Provisions regarding the republican form of government and the National Flag may be reviewed through a national referendum.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 156 (2): https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
DD004
Optional referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Optional Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Voters who are registered in the national territory may be called upon to express their opinions in a referendum on issues of relevant national interest. A referendum shall only be binding where the number of voters is higher than half of the registered electors.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, articles 66, 85 (f), 95 (3-k), 115 (2-d): https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
DD005
Citizens' Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Citizen’s Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
DD006
Agenda Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Agenda Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
DD007
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Recalls at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Law n.º 6/2008 of 16 April 2008 regulating political party funding: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2008-06.pdf
Law n.º 6/2006 on the Election of the National Parliament of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-06.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
DD027
Question: What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are mandatory at the national level?
Answer(s):
k . None
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2007/01/05
DD028
Question: What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are optional at the national level?
Answer(s):
a . Constitutional amendments b . Adoption of international treaties c . Transfer of authority to international bodies d . National sovereignty, national self-determination e . Conflict between constitutional organs f . Devolution g . Civil service h . Taxes and public expenditure commitments i . Other public policy issues j . Other (specify)
Comments: j) All matters of national interest, except those falling under the exclusive competence of the Parliament, the Government and the Courts.
C:66 "2. A referendum shall be called by the President of the Republic, following a proposal by one third, and deliberation approved by a two thirds majority, of the Members of the National Parliament, or following a well-founded proposal by the Government. 3. Matters falling under the exclusive competence of the Parliament, the Government and the Courts as defined by the Constitution shall not be the subject of a referendum."
C:156 "1. Laws revising the Constitution shall respect: a) National independence and the unity of the State; b) The rights, freedoms and guarantees of citizens; c) The republican form of government; d) The separation of powers; e) The independence of the courts; f) The multi-party system and the right of democratic opposition; g) The free, universal, direct, secret and regular suffrage of the office holders of the organs of sovereignty, as well as the system of proportional representation; h) The principle of administrative deconcentration and decentralisation; i) The National Flag; j) The date of proclamation of national independence. 2. Paragraphs c) and i) may be reviewed through a national referendum, in accordance with the law."
Source: The 2002 Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste, art. 66:2-3 and 156
Verified: 2007/01/05
DD029
Question: Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of referendums at the national level?
Answer(s):
j . Other (specify)
Comments: j) Only matters falling under the exclusive competence of the Parliament, the Government and the Courts are excluded.
C:66 "3. Matters falling under the exclusive competence of the Parliament, the Government and the Courts as defined by the Constitution shall not be the subject of a referendum."
Source: The 2002 Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste, art. 66:3
Verified: 2007/01/05
DD031
Question: Who can initiate a referendum at the national level?
Answer(s):
c . President
Comments: c) However, the Parliament and the Government can propose to the President for a referendum to be held.
C:66 "2. A referendum shall be called by the President of the Republic, following a proposal by one third, and deliberation approved by a two thirds majority, of the Members of the National Parliament, or following a well-founded proposal by the Government."
C:85 "It is exclusively incumbent upon the President of the Republic: [...] f) To submit relevant issues of national interest to a referendum as laid down in Section 66;"
C:95 "3. It is also incumbent upon the National Parliament: [...] k) To propose to the President of the Republic the submission to referendum of issues of national interest."
C:115 "2. It is also incumbent upon the Government in relation with other organs: [...] d) To propose to the President of the Republic the submission to referendum of relevant issues of national interest;"
Source: The 2002 Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste, art. 66:2, 85(f), 95:3(k) and 115:2(d)
Verified: 2007/01/05
DD041
Question: What are the requirements for optional referendums to pass?
Answer(s):
a . Simple majority (>50%)
Comments: C:66 "4. A referendum shall only be binding where the number of voters is higher than half of the registered electors."
Source: The 2002 Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste, art. 66:4
Verified: 2007/01/05
DD043
Question: When is the outcome of a mandatory referendum binding?
Answer:
d . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2007/01/05
DD044
Question: When is the outcome of an optional referendum binding?
Answer:
b . Under certain circumstances (specify below)
Comments: b) When the turnout quorum is achieved.
C:66 "4. A referendum shall only be binding where the number of voters is higher than half of the registered electors."
Source: The 2002 Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste, art. 66:4
Verified: 2007/01/05
DD129
Question: Are the results of referenda always binding, never binding or sometimes binding?
Answer:
b . Sometimes binding
Comments: A referendum shall only be binding where the number of voters is higher than half of the registered electors.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 66 (4): https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
DD130
Question: Are the types of issues to vote upon in a referendum constitutional changes only, other issues only or both constitutional and other issues?
Answer:
c . Both constitutional and other issues
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, articles 66, 85 (f), 95 (3-k), 115 (2-d), 156 (2): https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
DD131
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy at sub-national levels (regional or local)?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
Voting Operations
VO002
Question: Is there a code of conduct for election officials?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/18
VO003
Electors vote at
Question: Where can electors vote?
Answer(s):
a . At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections e . At mobile polling stations
Comments: The electoral law allows mobile voting for registered voters in hospitals and prisons on election day. (From EU preliminary statement)
Source: Law n.º 6/2006 on National Parliament Elections with the 2012 amendments, article 41: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-06.pdf
https://eeas.europa.eu/sites/eeas/files/eu_eom_preliminary_statement_en_1.pdf p.3
Verified: 2024/11/14
VO004
Voting outside the country is permitted for
Question: Who can vote from outside the country?
Answer(s):
b . Citizens residing outside the country f . Diplomatic staff
Comments: East Timorese citizens who are or live overseas shall enjoy protection by the State for the exercise of their rights and shall be subject to duties not incompatible with their absence from the country.
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 22: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Law n.º 6/2006 on National Parliament Elections with the 2012 amendments, art. 37-A: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-06.pdf
https://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=17047&lang=en
Verified: 2024/11/14
VO005
Locations for voting outside of the country
Question: If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
Answer(s):
a . Embassies
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 22: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Law n.º 6/2006 on National Parliament Elections with the 2012 amendments, art. 37-A: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-06.pdf
https://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=17047&lang=en
Verified: 2024/11/14
VO006
Question: Can people vote in advance of the designated national election day(s)?
Answer:
a . No
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/18
VO007
Question: If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), how may they do so?
Answer(s):
f . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/18
VO008
Question: If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), specify who:
Answer(s):
g . Not applicable
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/18
VO009
Question: Is there a maximum allowable voter capacity of a polling station for the national elections?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2001/09/18
VO011
Voting method
Question: How do electors cast their votes?
Answer(s):
a . Manually marking of ballots
Comments: The voter shall mark his or her choice by putting a cross in the white square appearing in the line corresponding to the list for which he or she opted for or by piercing the same square, as established in a specific regulation.
Source: Law n.º 6/2006 on National Parliament Elections with the 2012 amendments, art. 43: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-06.pdf
Verified: 2024/11/14
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