Parties and Candidates

Egypt

PC001

Question:	What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):	c. Regional distribution requirement f. Other
Comments:	New parties must have a minimum of 5,000 members from each of at least 10 governorates. The constitution also stated political activity could not be practiced nor a political party formed on the basis of religion or discrimination based on gender or origin. No activity “hostile to democratic principles, secretive, or of military or quasi-military nature” was permitted. Political parties could not be dissolved except by a court judgment. Rights groups asserted existing electoral practices contravened these provisions.
Source:	U.S. Department of State 2023 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Egypt. https://www.state.gov/reports/2023-country-reports-on-human-rights-practices/egypt/
Verified:	2025/09/30

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PC003

Question:	What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):	a. Age b. Citizenship h. Minimum level of education j. Other
Comments:	A candidate for the membership of the House must be an Egyptian citizen, enjoying civil and political rights, a holder of at least the certificate of basic education, and should not be below 25 Gregorian years of age on the day of opening candidacy registration. Other candidacy requirements, the electoral system, and division of electoral constituencies shall be defined by law in a manner which observes fair representation of the population and governorates and equitable representation of voters.
Source:	Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt 2014, art. 102: http://www.sis.gov.eg/Newvr/Dustor-en001.pdf(2014).
Verified:	2025/09/30

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PC008

Question:	Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
Answer(s):	e. In both presidential and legislative elections
Comments:	An individual system candidate shall submit a request for Nomination for the membership of the People's Assembly, in writing, to the election committee in the governorate in which he wishes to be nominated [as a candidate] in one of the constituencies [contained within the governorate], during the period which is to be determined by a decision of the High Elections Commission, provided that this period shall not be less than five days from the date the nomination period begins.
Source:	Law No. 38/1972 On The People’s Assembly (28/12/2011) with its amendments, art. 3: http://www.democracy-reporting.org/files/law_on_the_people_s_assembly_including_amendments_to_october_2011.pdf (2011); Presidential Decree No. 22/2014, on the Regulation of the Presidential Elections, art. 1&2: https://www.elections.eg/images/pdfs/laws/preselect-22_2014_en.pdf (2014).
Verified:	2025/09/30

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PC012

Question:	Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
Answer(s):	a. No
Comments:
Source:	Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt 2014, art. 126: http://www.sis.gov.eg/Newvr/Dustor-en001.pdf(2014); Law No. 38/1972 On The People’s Assembly (28/12/2011) with its amendments, art. 3: http://www.democracy-reporting.org/files/law_on_the_people_s_assembly_including_amendments_to_october_2011.pdf (2011); Decree of the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt, by Law No. ( 45) of 2014, on the Issuance of Law for regulating the Exercise of Some Political Rights, art. 26: http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Templates/Articles/tmpArticles.aspx?ArtID=78396#.ViD_3vlVhHw; Decree No. 12 amending Law on Political Parties, art. 11: http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Story.aspx?sid=55527 (2014).
Verified:	2025/09/30

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PC015

Question:	What is the basis of the public funding?
Answer(s):	g. Not applicable
Comments:	Political parties are not entitled to public funding.
Source:	Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt 2014: http://www.sis.gov.eg/Newvr/Dustor-en001.pdf(2014); Law No. 38/1972 On The People’s Assembly (28/12/2011) with its amendments: http://www.democracy-reporting.org/files/law_on_the_people_s_assembly_including_amendments_to_october_2011.pdf (2011); Decree of the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt, by Law No.(45) of 2014, on the Issuance of Law for regulating the Exercise of Some Political Rights, art. 26: http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Templates/Articles/tmpArticles.aspx?ArtID=78396#.ViD_3vlVhHw.
Verified:	2025/09/30

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PC017

Question:	Are political parties entitled to private funding?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:	A party’s resources comprise membership subscriptions, donations of Egyptian natural persons and profits from investments in non-commercial activities defined in the party’s bylaws. Party donations are not tax-deductible.
Source:	Decree No. 12 amending Law on Political Parties, art. 11: http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Story.aspx?sid=55527 (2014).
Verified:	2025/09/30

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