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Electoral Systems

Burma (Myanmar) Burma (Myanmar)

ES001

Head of State
Question:How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s): a. Head of State is the Head of Government
h. Other
Comments: The military junta assumed power in September 1988 under the name State Law and Order Restoration Council. The 'head of state' is the Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) since 1992. The SPDC oversees the Cabinet. The new Constitution passed in 2008 sets provision for an election of the President by presidential electoral college. The head of the state will also be the head of the government.
Source: Constitution of Myanmar, Art. 16, 60, 199: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
Verified: 2015/11/17
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES002

Head of Government
Question:How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer: f. Other
Comments: According to the new Constitution adopted in 2008, the head of the state (president) will also be the head of the government, and s/he will be elected by the presidential electoral college.
Source: Constitution of Myanmar, Art. 16, 60, 199: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
Verified: 2015/11/17
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES003

President
Question:Does the country have a president?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments: The Head of the Union and the Head of Executive of the Union is the President.
Source: Constitution of Myanmar, Art. 16, 57 - 73: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
Verified: 2015/11/17
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES004

Number of Chambers
Question:The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer: b. Two chambers
Comments: There is a bicameral Union Parliament consisting of the House of Representatives with 440 members and the House of Nationalities with 224 members.
Source: Constitution of Myanmar, Art. 74, 109, 141: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
Verified: 2015/11/17
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES005

Electoral System (Chamber 1)
Question:What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s): a. Plurality (FPTP)
Comments: The House of Representatives shall be formed with a maximum of 440 members as follows : (a) not more than 330 representatives elected prescribing electorate on the basis of township as well as population or combining with an appropriate township which is contagious to the newly-formed township if it is more than 330 townships, The candidate with the highest number of valid votes is declared elected. (b) not more than 110 representatives who are the Defence Services personnel nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services (President).
Source: Constitution of Myanmar, Art. 109: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015). The Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law, art. 3, 49 (a): http://www.altsean.org/Research/2010/Resources/Laws/Pyithu%20Hluttaw%20Election%20Law.pdf (2013).
Verified: 2015/11/17
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
The data on this page is continuously updated. Additional, but potentially outdated material is available here.