Electoral Systems

Mongolia

ES001

Question:	How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s):	c. Directly elected in general elections (absolute majority with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments:	Political parties that have obtained seats in the Parliament nominate individually or collectively presidential candidates (one candidate per party/coalition). Citizens eligible for election then participate in electing the President on the basis of universal, free and direct suffrage by secret ballot. The Parliament considers the candidate who has obtained a majority of all votes cast in the first voting round as elected President and shall pass a law recognizing his/her mandate. If none of the candidates obtains a majority vote in the first round, a second round of voting shall take place involving the two candidates who have obtained the largest number of votes in the first round. The candidate who wins a majority of all votes cast in the second ballot shall be considered as elected President and a law recognizing his/her mandate shall be passed by the Parliament.
Source:	Constitution, Art. 30 (1), 31: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified:	2020/02/17

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ES002

Question:	How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer:	c. Indirectly elected by legislature/chosen by parliament
Comments:	The Prime Minister is appointed by the Parliament.
Source:	Constitution, Art. 25 (1, §6), 40 (2), 41 (1): https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified:	2020/02/17

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ES003

Question:	Does the country have a president?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:	The President of Mongolia shall be the Head of State and the embodiment of the unity of Mongolian people.
Source:	Constitution, Art. 30 - 37: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified:	2020/02/17

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ES004

Question:	The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer:	a. One chamber
Comments:	The Parliament ("State Ikh Khural") has one chamber and consists of 76 members.
Source:	Constitution, Art. 21 (1): https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017) Electoral Law of 15 December 2011, Art. 4(1): https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/5845/file/Mongolia-Election-Law_2011_en.pdf Mongolian Law on Elections, updated 2016 Article 120 https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified:	2020/02/17

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ES005

Question:	What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s):	f. Single Non-Transferable Vote
Comments:	All of the Parliament's 76 members are chosen by voting for individual candidates from single-member constituencies who have been nominated by their parties.
Source:	Mongolian Law on Elections, updated 2016 Article 120.2 https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified:	2020/02/17

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