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Systèmes électoraux

Puerto Rico

ES001

Chef de l’État

Question	Comment est sélectionné le chef de l’État?
Réponses	e. Élu par un collège ou comité électoral (précisez)
Réponses	The Head of State of the Free Associated State of Puerto Rico is the president of the United States of America. The Puerto Rico's citizens just can vote in the president's election if they live in the United States.
Source	Constitution: “Constitución del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico”, art. 1: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PR/puerto-rico-constitucion-1970/ ; Electoral Law: “Código Electoral de Puerto Rico de 2020”: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PR/puerto-rico-ley-58-2020-codigo-electoral-2020/
Vérifié	2020/11/03

ES002

Chef du gouvernement

Question	Comment est choisi le chef du gouvernement?
Answer:	a. Directement élu dans le cadre d’élections générales (majorité simple)
Réponses	According to the special legal system of Puerto Rico, the General Governor is head of Government, and he is elected by universal suffrage, and through the principle of a relative majority vote, for a four-year term.
Source	Constitution: “Constitución del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico”, art. IV (s. 1) and VI (s. 4): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PR/puerto-rico-constitucion-1970/
Vérifié	2020/11/03

ES003

Président

Question	Le pays a-t-il un président?
Answer:	a. Oui
Réponses	The Head of State of the Free Associated State of Puerto Rico is the president of the United States of America.
Source	Constitution: “Constitución del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico”, art. 1: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PR/puerto-rico-constitucion-1970/
Vérifié	2020/11/03

ES004

Nombre de chambres

Question	Le corps législatif national est composé de (une/deux chambres):
Answer:	b. Deux chambres
Réponses	The House of Representatives and the Senate.
Source	Constitution: “Constitución del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico”, art. III (s. 1): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PR/puerto-rico-constitucion-1970/
Vérifié	2020/11/03

ES005

Système électoral (chambre 1)

Question	Quel système électoral est utilisé pour la chambre 1 du corps législatif national?
Réponses	a. Pluralité (SUMUT, système uninominal majoritaire à un tour) f. Vote unique non transférable
Réponses	The House of Representatives is made up by 51 members, 40 of which are chosen according to the principle of simple majority in single-member districts and the other 11 through the system of accumulation based on national open lists. For the elections through accumulation, the electors basically vote for individual candidates and seats are assigned to those who received the largest number of votes. It is hence a very specific system, more similar to the majority type than to the segmented one. On the other hand, the law establishes a special mechanism to guarantee the representation of the political minorities (the so-called law of minorities) that operates when a party obtains more than two thirds of the contested seats. In this case, and according to the special mechanism based on the votes obtained by the parties for the election of the General Governor, a certain number of additional seats are distributed among the parties (of minority) that have reached more than 3% of the total votes cast until all of them gather up to 17 seats altogether.
Source	Constitution: “Constitución del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico”, art. III (s. 3, 7): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PR/puerto-rico-constitucion-1970/ ; Electoral Law: “Código Electoral de Puerto Rico de 2020”, art. 9.10: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PR/puerto-rico-ley-58-2020-codigo-electoral-2020/
Vérifié	2020/11/03

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