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Electoral Systems

Estonia Estonia

ES001

Head of State
Question:How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s): d. Indirectly elected by legislature
Comments: § 79: The President of the Republic shall be elected by the Riigikogu, or, in the case provided by paragraph four of this section, by the by the Electoral College. The President is elected by secret ballot. Each member of the Riigikogu has one vote. The candidate who receives the votes of two thirds of the members of the Riigikogu is deemed elected. If no candidate receives the required majority, a new round of voting is held on the next day. Before the new round of voting, a new nomination of candidates takes place. If no candidate receives the required majority in the second round of voting, a third round of voting is held on the same day between the two candidates who received the greatest number of votes in the second round. If the President is not selected in the third round of voting, the Electoral College is convened by the President of the Riigikogu within one month to select the President.
Source: Constitution: The Constitution of the Republic of Estonia with latest amendment on 6 May 2015, § 79
Verified: 2019/02/19
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES002

Head of Government
Question:How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer: c. Indirectly elected by legislature/chosen by parliament
Comments: § 89. Within fourteen days following resignation of the Government of the Republic, the President nominates a Prime Minister candidate whom he directs to form the new Government. The Prime Minister candidate, within fourteen days after receiving the direction to form the new Government, presents a report to the Riigikogu regarding the principles upon which he or she proposes to form the Government, after which the Riigikogu decides, without debate and by an open vote, whether to authorise the Prime Minister candidate to form the Government.
Source: Constitution: The Constitution of the Republic of Estonia with latest amendment on 6 May 2015, § 89.
Verified: 2019/02/19
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES003

President
Question:Does the country have a president?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments:
Source: Constitution: The Constitution of the Republic of Estonia with latest amendment on 6 May 2015, § 77-85.
Verified: 2019/02/19
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES004

Number of Chambers
Question:The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer: a. One chamber
Comments: § 59: Legislative power is vested in the Riigikogu.
Source: Constitution: The Constitution of the Republic of Estonia with latest amendment on 6 May 2015, § 59-76.
Verified: 2019/02/19
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES005

Electoral System (Chamber 1)
Question:What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s): g. List Proportional Representation
Comments: § 1: (4) Election results shall be verified on the basis of proportional representation.
Source: Electoral Law: Riigikogu Election Act as amended on 13 April 2016, § 1(4) & 29.
Verified: 2019/02/19
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
The data on this page is continuously updated. Additional, but potentially outdated material is available here.