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Electoral Systems

Sudan Sudan

ES001

Head of State
Question:How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s): a. Head of State is the Head of Government
c. Directly elected in general elections (absolute majority with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: The President is both the head of state and the head of government. There shall be a President for the Republic of the Sudan to be directly elected by the people in national elections. The Presidential candidate who wins more than 50% of the total votes of the polling electorate shall be the President elect. Where the percentage is not attained, there shall be a run-off election between the two presidential candidates who have obtained the highest number of votes.
Source: The Interim National Constitution of 2005, art. 52, 54 & 70: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4ba749762.html (2012)
Verified: 2012/08/31
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES002

Head of Government
Question:How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer: b. Directly elected in general elections, absolute majority (with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: The President is both the head of state and the head of government, directly elected by absolute majority of votes.
Source: The Interim National Constitution of 2005, art. 52, 54 & 70: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4ba749762.html (2012)
Verified: 2012/08/31
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES003

President
Question:Does the country have a president?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments:
Source: The Interim National Constitution of 2005, art. 51 - 64: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4ba749762.html (2012)
Verified: 2012/08/31
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES004

Number of Chambers
Question:The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer: b. Two chambers
Comments: The national legislature is composed of two chambers: the National Assembly and the Council of States.
Source: The Interim National Constitution of 2005, art. 83: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4ba749762.html (2012)
Verified: 2012/08/31
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES005

Electoral System (Chamber 1)
Question:What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s): e. Parallel (Segmented) (PR Lists and Majoritarian constituencies)
Comments: 25% of the women members shall be elected on the basis of proportional representation at the State level from separate and closed party lists. 15% of members shall be elected on the basis of proportional representation at the State level from separate and closed party lists. 60% of the members shall be elected to represent geographical constituencies at the level of the State concerned. In this case, the candidate with the highest number of valid votes in each geographical constituency shall be declared the winner.
Source: The National Elections Act 2008, art. 31, 32: http://www.gurtong.org/ResourceCenter/documents/Reports/Elections-09/nationalelectionsact2008.pdf (2012)
Verified: 2012/08/31
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ES006


Question:What is the electoral system for Chamber 2 of the national legislature?
Answer(s): k. The national legislature consists of one chamber only
Comments: The unicameral parliament is composed of the National Assembly (al-Majlis al-Watani).
Source: http://www.pogar.org/ Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
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ES007


Question:If List PR is used, is a highest average formula used?
Answer: h. Not applicable
Comments:
Source: General Elections Law (No. 15, 1998). Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
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ES008


Question:What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 1?
Answer(s): b. Specially delimited constituencies
Comments: 270 deputies are elected in the constituencies, 35 deputies are representatives of the women, 26 deputies are representatives of university graduates, 29 deputies are representatives of the trade unions.
Source: Constitution, part 4, chapter 2, article 67. Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
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ES009


Question:What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 2?
Answer(s): d. Not applicable
Comments: The unicameral parliament is composed of the National Assembly (al-Majlis al-Watani).
Source: http://www.pogar.org/ Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES010


Question:Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 1 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments:
Source: General Elections Law (Law No. 15, 1998), chapter 9. Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
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ES011
If special constituencies or seats are reserved in Chamber 1, specify which interest groups, and the proportion of total seats reserved for:
 
Nationality or ethnic groups - proportion of total seats (%) 	
Women	- proportion of total seats (%) 	9.7%
Religious groups - proportion of total seats (%) 	
Other- proportion of total seats (%) 	7.2%  and 8.1% 
Not applicable
Source
chapter 9 of the General Elections Law for the Year 1998 (Law No. 15 for the Year 1998). Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified
2010/01/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES012


Question:Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 2 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
Answer: c. The national legislature consists of one chamber only
Comments: The unicameral parliament is composed of the National Assembly (al-Majlis al-Watani).
Source: http://www.pogar.org/ Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES013
If special constituencies or seats are reserved in Chamber 2, specify which interest groups, and the proportion of total seats reserved:
 
Nationality or ethnic groups - proportion of total seats (%) 	
Women	- proportion of total seats (%) 	
Religious groups - proportion of total seats (%) 	
Other - proportion of total seats (%) 	
Not applicable 	X
Source
http://www.pogar.org/ Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified
2010/01/14
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES014


Question:What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 1?
Answer: a. No minimum
Comments: The candidate wins by getting a simple majority of the votes. In the last two elections, political parties were not allowed to participate.
Source: http://www.pogar.org/ Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES015


Question:What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 2?
Answer: c. Not applicable
Comments: The unicameral parliament is composed of the National Assembly (al-Majlis al-Watani).
Source: http://www.pogar.org/ Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES016


Question:What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 1?
Answer: a. No minimum
Comments: The candidate wins by getting a simple majority of the votes.
Source: http://www.pogar.org/ Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES017


Question:What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 2?
Answer: c. Not applicable
Comments: The unicameral parliament is composed of the National Assembly (al-Majlis al-Watani).
Source: http://www.pogar.org/ Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES018


Question:Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 1, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
Answer(s): a. At fixed intervals (specify length)
Comments: 4 years
Source: http://www.pogar.org Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES019


Question:Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 2, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
Answer(s): e. Not applicable
Comments: The unicameral parliament is composed of the National Assembly (al-Majlis al-Watani).
Source: http://www.pogar.org/ Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)
ES020


Question:Regarding Chamber 1 elections (excluding advance voting, postal voting, etc):
Answer: b. Voting takes place over a period of 2 or more days
Comments: Voting in the 2000 elections was held over a period of 10 days, to allow the Sudanese nomad population to cast their votes.
Source: General Rules and Regulations of the Elections 1999, section 10, article 47 (4b). Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
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ES021


Question:Regarding Chamber 2 elections (excluding advance voting, postal voting, etc):
Answer: c. Not applicable
Comments: The unicameral parliament is composed of the National Assembly (al-Majlis al-Watani).
Source: http://www.pogar.org/ Updated on March 10, 2005
Verified: 2005/04/06
(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)