|
Pays/territoires 236
|
|---|
| Pays/Territoire |
Réponses |
Réponses |
Vérifié |
|
Afghanistan
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of Afghanistan, art. 60: http://www.afghanembassy.com.pl/afg/images/pliki/TheConstitution.pdf (2015).
|
2019/09/24
|
|
Afrique du Sud
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, Articles 83, 86 & 202: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ZA/south-africa-electoral-act-2010/view
|
2014/05/01
|
|
Albanie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Albania, art. 86-94
|
2017/05/17
|
|
Algérie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 70: https://www.joradp.dz/trv/fcons.pdf (2017)
|
2019/09/25
|
|
Allemagne
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 54 - 61
https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_gg/englisch_gg.pdf
|
2025/03/06
|
|
Andorre
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution of the Principality of Andorra, Art.43-49: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/AD/andorra-constitution-1993-1/
|
2023/06/09
|
|
Angola
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of 3 February 2010: art. 108: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Angola_2010?lang=en (2017)
|
2017/03/28
|
|
Anguilla
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 19-22
|
2015/02/24
|
|
Antigua-et-Barbuda
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 22 & 68
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/AG/Antigua%20and%20Barbuda%20-%20Constitution/view
|
2014/06/06
|
|
Arabie saoudite
|
b. Non
|
Source:
The Basic Law of Governance, art. 5: http://www.boe.gov.sa/ViewSystemDetails.aspx?lang=en&SystemID=4 (2012)
|
2012/08/20
|
|
Argentine
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución de la Nación Argentina — Ley 24430, texto oficial ordenado”, art. 87, 90, 94, 99: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/AR/argentina-constitucion-nacional-reformas-1994/ (2019);
Electoral Code: “Código Electoral Nacional — Ley 19945”, art. 148–151: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/AR/argentina-ley-19945-codigo-electoral-nacional-2019/ (2019)
|
2021/12/26
|
|
Arménie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Armenia (2015), art. 123:
http://www.president.am/en/constitution-2015/
|
2017/04/12
|
|
Aruba
|
b. Non
|
Source:
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/aa.html
|
2017/07/07
|
|
Australie
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Australia's Constitution of 1901, chapter 2, art 61: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Senate/Powers_practice_n_procedures/Constitution
|
2024/09/09
|
|
Autriche
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 60-68
|
2017/07/07
|
|
Azerbaïdjan
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan (1995) including amendments, article 99: https://president.az/en/pages/view/azerbaijan/constitution
|
2024/11/12
|
|
Bahamas
|
b. Non
|
The executive authority is exercised on behalf of Her Majesty by the Governor General.
Source:
Constitution: Sections 32,71 and 73
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Bahamas_2002?lang=en
(2017)
|
2017/03/27
|
|
Bahreïn
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 33: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Bahrain_2017
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Bangladesh
|
a. Oui
|
The President is elected by Chamber 1.
Source:
Constitution of Bangladesh, Art. 48-54
http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/research/bangladesh-constitution.pdf
|
2012/05/30
|
|
Barbade
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 28 & 63
|
2010/03/19
|
|
Belarus
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: “Constitution of the Republic of Belarus”, art. 79–89: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/BY/belarus-constitution-2021-english/
|
2023/09/13
|
|
Belgique
|
b. Non
|
Source:
The Belgian Constitution, Article 85
http://www.dekamer.be/kvvcr/pdf_sections/publications/constitution/GrondwetUK.pdf
The Belgian Constitution, Article 96
http://www.dekamer.be/kvvcr/pdf_sections/publications/constitution/GrondwetUK.pdf
|
2019/04/25
|
|
Belize
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution: “Belize Constitution, Chapter 4”, Section 30 & 36: aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BZ/belize-en/regions/americas/BZ/belize-constitution-2022/
|
2025/03/24
|
|
Bermudes
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 17
|
2012/05/31
|
|
Bhoutan
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution of Bhutan, Articles 1-2: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Bhutan_2008
|
2024/08/27
|
|
Bolivie
|
a. Oui
|
The President is elected for a five year term.
Source:
Constitution: "Constitución Política del Estado", art. 168: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BO/bolivia-constitucion-politica-del-estado-vigente/ (2019).
|
2024/12/09
|
|
Bosnie-et-Herzégovine
|
a. Oui
|
The Members of the Presidency shall appoint from their Members a Chair. For the first term of the Presidency, the Chair shall be the Member who received the highest number of votes. Thereafter, the method of selecting the Chair, by rotation or otherwise, shall be determined by the Parliamentary Assembly, subject to Article IV.3.
Source:
Constitution: Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina, art. 5.
http://www.ccbh.ba/osnovni-akti/ustav/?title=clan-5
|
2025/06/23
|
|
Botswana
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of Botswana art. 30, 32, 34, 47: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/BW/botswana-constitution-of-1966-with-amendments-up/view (2014).
|
2014/10/24
|
|
Brunei Darussalam
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 4: http://publicofficialsfinancialdisclosure.worldbank.org/fdl/sites/fdl/files/assets/law-library-files/Brunei_Constitution_1959_amended%202011_EN.pdf (2013)
|
2013/03/18
|
|
Brésil
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988, Article 76, 77, 78:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/constituicao-federal/constituicao-da-republica-federativa-do-brasil
|
2024/10/22
|
|
Bulgarie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: Constitution of the Republic of Bulgaria, art. 92-104
http://www.parliament.bg/en/const (2014)
|
2014/10/01
|
|
Burkina
|
a. Oui
|
Le Président du Burkina Faso se nomme Blaise COMPAORE
Source:
Constitution as amended in 2012, art. 36 - 60: http://www.ceni.bf/sites/default/files/constitution-revisee-juin-2012.pdf (2012)
|
2015/12/04
|
|
Burman (Myanmar)
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of Myanmar, Art. 16, 57 - 73: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
|
2015/11/17
|
|
Burundi
|
a. Oui
|
President and Head of Government: Pierre Nkurunziza.
Source:
Constitution, art. 96, 102: https://acbc.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl441/files/Legislation/Countries%20legislations/BURUNDI/Constitution%20of%20Burundi%20of%20_2018_compressed.pdf
|
2015/05/19
|
|
Bénin
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of 11 December 1990, art. 42 - 54
http://www.gouv.bj/sites/default/files/Cour-Constitutionnelle-recueil-des-textes-fondamentaux.pdf (2012)
Law 2005-26 of 6 August 2010 regulating the election of the President of the Republic, art. 1, 2
http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-presidentielle-2011.pdf (2012)
|
2019/04/05
|
|
Cambodge
|
b. Non
|
Cambodia exercises the parliamentary regime.
Source:
Constitution, art. 7: http://www.ccc.gov.kh/detail_info_en.php?_txtID=791.
|
2023/10/11
|
|
Cameroun
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Article. 6, (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-constitution-of-cameroon-2008
|
2018/11/05
|
|
Canada
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution Acts of Canada, 1867-1982
http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/PDF/CONST_E.pdf
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Cap-Vert
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of Cape Verde as amended in 2010, art. 109 - 114, 125 - 139:
https://www.parlamento.cv/Constituicao/ (2026)
|
2026/04/04
|
|
Chili
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de Chile (2017)”, art. 24 - 32:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CL/chile-constitucion-politica-de-la-republica-de-1/
|
2025/03/03
|
|
Chine
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 79-84
|
2012/06/04
|
|
Chypre
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 36-60:
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Cyprus_2013
|
2026/03/24
|
|
Chypre (du nord)
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 5
|
2012/06/07
|
|
Colombie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitución: “Constitución Política de Colombia”, art. 188-199: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CO/colombia-constitucion-politica-de-colombia-2016
|
2024/12/11
|
|
Comores
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 12 - 18: http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/com128670.pdf (2016)
|
2025/09/30
|
|
Congo (Brazzaville)
|
a. Oui
|
1997, President Denis Sassou Ngouesso took power by coup and in 2002 he was directly elected in general elections as president
Source:
Constitution, Art. 56: http://www.presidence.cg/files/my_files/constit200102.pdf (2017)
|
2017/03/29
|
|
Congo (Kinshasa), République Démocratique du
|
a. Oui
|
Le Président de la République est le Chef de l’Etat. Il représente la nation et il est le symbole de l’unité nationale. Constitution, art. 69
Source:
Constitution (2015), Art. 69: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CD/rdc-constitution-2011-english-version/view
|
2018/11/09
|
|
Corée du Nord
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of DPRK, Preamble
|
2014/06/23
|
|
Corée du Sud
|
a. Oui
|
The President is the Head of State.
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Korea: https://elaw.klri.re.kr/eng_service/lawView.do?lang=ENG&hseq=1
|
2024/08/28
|
|
Costa Rica
|
a. Oui
|
Dr. Oscar Arias Sánchez
May 8th, 2006 - May 8th, 2010
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de Costa Rica”, art. 136: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CR/costa-rica-constitucion-politica-reformas-2015.pdf/
|
2018/01/24
|
|
Croatie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: Constitution of the Republic of Croatia as revised in 2013, art. 94.
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Croatia_2013?lang=en
|
2020/07/02
|
|
Cuba
|
a. Oui
|
Fidel Castro Ruz temporarily delegated power to his brother Raúl Castro Ruz on 1 August, 2006.
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República de Cuba (2019)”, art. 125: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CU/cuba-constitucion-2019-ace/
|
2023/09/11
|
|
Côte d'Ivoire
|
a. Oui
|
Le Président de la République est le Chef de l'Etat. Constitution, art. 34
Source:
Constitution de la République de Côte d'Ivoire (2000), art.34: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CI/cote-divoire-constitution-du-23-juillet-2000/view
|
2016/11/30
|
|
Danemark
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, Pt. 3 Sec. 14
|
2019/05/22
|
|
Djibouti
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, as amended by Constitutional Law n° 134/AN/06/5 L of 21 Avril 2010, art. 21 : https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Djibouti_2010.pdf?lang=en (2016)
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2016/djibouti
|
2023/07/11
|
|
Dominique
|
a. Oui
|
Elected by the House of Assembly. The President serves for a term of five years.
Source:
Constitution, Sections 18 - 28: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DM/dominica-constitution-of-the-commonwealth-of/view (2014).
|
2014/12/16
|
|
El Salvador
|
a. Oui
|
President Elías Antonio SACA GONZALEZ, 1 June 2004 - 31 May 2009.
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de El Salvador”, art. 80, 150 & 154: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/SV/el-salvador-constitucion-2014/ ;
Electoral Law: “Decreto No. 413 — Código Electoral”, art. 2: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/SV/el-salvador-recopilacion-legislacion-electoral-2021/
|
2024/12/19
|
|
Espagne
|
a. Oui
|
The Head of government is the president and he/she is proposed by the monarch and elected by the National Assembly following legislative elections.
Source:
Constitution: "Constitución Española", art. 99:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/ES/espana-constitucion-espanola-2011-2016/
|
2025/04/01
|
|
Estonie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: The Constitution of the Republic of Estonia with latest amendment on 6 May 2015, § 77-85.
|
2019/02/19
|
|
Fidji
|
a. Oui
|
The Bose Levu Vakaturaga (Great Council of Chiefs) submits names to the Prime Minister who appoints.
Source:
Constitution, art. 81 - 89: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/FJ/fiji-constitution-2013/at_download/file (2014).
|
2026/04/03
|
|
Finlande
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Sections 54 - 59: http://www.finlex.fi/fi/laki/kaannokset/1999/en19990731.pdf (2012)
|
2019/04/02
|
|
France
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 5 - 19
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/France_2008?lang=en
|
2020/06/20
|
|
French Polynesia
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Section II, Articles 5-19.
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Gabon
|
a. Oui
|
EL HADJ OMAR BONG is the Head of State since 1967. In November 2005, he was reelected as president for a seven year term.
Source:
Constitution, art. 8 - 27
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Gabon_1997?lang=en
(2017)
|
2017/03/24
|
|
Gambie
|
a. Oui
|
President Yahya A.J.J. Jammeh
Source:
Constitution, Chapter V, part 3, section 49 & Chapter VI, part 1, section 61: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Gambia_2004?lang=en (2017)
|
2017/03/21
|
|
Ghana
|
a. Oui
|
The president of the Country is both the head of state and head of Government.
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Ghana (1996), art. 57:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GH/ghana-constitution-1992-with-amendments-through/view
|
2016/09/19
|
|
Gibraltar
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, Chapter II, Article, 19
https://www.gibraltarlaws.gov.gi/constitution/Gibraltar_Constitution_Order_2006.pdf
|
2009/12/03
|
|
Grenada
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Grenada Constitution 1973, art. 19 and 58
|
2011/06/28
|
|
Groenland
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution (Denmark), Art. 1-3
|
2012/06/14
|
|
Grèce
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 30-50
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Greece_2008?lang=en
|
2020/07/25
|
|
Guam
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Organic Act of Guam, 1421 (a) ;
1 Guam Code 400:
https://law.justia.com/codes/guam/2019/title-1/chapter-4/
|
2020/10/28
|
|
Guatemala
|
a. Oui
|
President Oscar Berger Perdomo. Berger was candidate for the conservative Grand National Alliance in November 2003 Elections. After this election, there was a run-off vote between Berger and Alvaro Colom of the National Union of Hope. Berger won with a 54% share of the vote. He was sworn in 14 January 2004.
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de Guatemala”, art. 182 & 184: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/GT/constitucion/guatemala-constitucion-politica-2012/ —
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Guatemala_1993.pdf
|
2023/05/29
|
|
Guernsey
|
b. Non
|
Source:
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gk.html
|
2009/12/04
|
|
Guinée
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution (2010), art. 45: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GN/guinea-constitution-2010-english-version/
|
2017/01/26
|
|
Guinée équatoriale
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution as amended by referendum of 23 November 2011, art. 33 - 45
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Equatorial_Guinea_2012?lang=en (2016)
|
2016/05/03
|
|
Guinée-Bissau
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 62 - 72: http://www.anpguinebissau.org/leis/constituicao/constituicaoguine.pdf (2012)
|
2012/12/06
|
|
Guyana
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 89 - 98
|
2015/05/10
|
|
Géorgie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of Georgia, art. 49:
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Georgia_2018?lang=en
|
2024/07/24
|
|
Haïti
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 134 - 154
|
2015/07/29
|
|
Honduras
|
a. Oui
|
The President is elected for a four-year term. The current President is Manuel Zelaya, for the Liberal Party of Honduras (PLH), since January, 2006.
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República de Honduras (2009)", art. 237: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/HN/honduras-constitucion-politica-de-1982-2021/
|
2025/08/07
|
|
Hong Kong
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of People's Republic of China, Art. 79-84: http://www.npc.gov.cn/zgrdw/englishnpc/Constitution/node_2825.htm
|
2021/06/03
|
|
Hongrie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: The Fundamental Law of Hungary (as Amended to 2013), The State, 9-14: http://njt.hu/cgi_bin/njt_doc.cgi?docid=140968.322953.
|
2018/07/30
|
|
Inde
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
The Constitution of India, Articles 52- 62: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
|
2024/06/12
|
|
Indonésie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Art. 4(1): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/ID/indonesia-constitution/view
|
2024/01/31
|
|
Iran
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, article 113-132: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Iran_1989
|
2024/11/19
|
|
Iraq
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Iraqi Constitution, Articles 61(3), 67 - 75: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/IQ/Full%20Text%20of%20Iraqi%20Constitution.pdf/view
|
2018/04/15
|
|
Irlande
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 12 - 14: https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/cons/en/html
|
2024/11/21
|
|
Islande
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 3-30 as amended in 2013
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Iceland_2013?lang=en
|
2020/07/27
|
|
Israël
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
BASIC LAW: The President of the State: https://main.knesset.gov.il/EN/activity/Documents/BasicLawsPDF/BasicLawThePresident.pdf
|
2019/05/01
|
|
Italie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 87
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Italy_2012?lang=en
|
2020/07/18
|
|
Jamahiriya arabe libyenne
|
b. Non
|
Source:
The Constitutional Declaration (Transitional National Council of Libya), Art. 18 & 30: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Libya_2011
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Jamaïque
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 27
|
2011/05/23
|
|
Japon
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 1-2:
https://japan.kantei.go.jp/constitution_and_government_of_japan/constitution_e.html
|
2019/07/09
|
|
Jersey
|
b. Non
|
Source:
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/je.html
|
2009/12/07
|
|
Jordanie
|
b. Non
|
Un roi
Source:
Constitution, art. 28, 30: http://www.representatives.jo/sites/default/files/الدستور.pdf (2015)
|
2016/07/28
|
|
Kazakhstan
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan of 1995, amended March 10, 2017 art. 40-48.
https://www.akorda.kz/en/constitution-of-the-republic-of-kazakhstan-50912
|
2024/09/12
|
|
Kenya
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
The Constitution of Kenya Article 130
|
2024/12/06
|
|
Kirghizstan
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 66: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
|
2025/05/07
|
|
Kiribati
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution
|
2024/11/24
|
|
Koweït
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 4, 54: http://www.pm.gov.kw/en/state_Of_Kuwait/kuwaitConstitution.jsp (2013)
|
2013/01/30
|
|
Laos
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 65 - 68: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LA/Lao-People2019s-Democratic-Republic-Constitution/view
|
2021/02/16
|
|
Lesotho
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution: Constitution of Lesotho, art. 44, 45 & 91
|
2017/07/19
|
|
Lettonie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: The Constitution of the Republic of Latvia as amended on 8 April 2009, art. 35-54: http://legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/4777/file/Latvia_Constitution_am2009_en.pdf (2014)
|
2022/09/12
|
|
Liban
|
a. Oui
|
The President of the Republic is the bead of the state.
Source:
Constitution, art. 49: http://www.presidency.gov.lb/English/LebaneseSystem/Documents/Lebanese%20Constitution.pdf (2012)
|
2024/11/20
|
|
Liberia
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
The 1986 Constitution of the Republic of Liberia, Art. 50, http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/LR/liberia-amended-electoral-laws-2014/view
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Liechtenstein
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Art. 7,8;
https://www.llv.li/files/rdr/Verfassung-E-01-02-2014.pdf
|
2022/08/02
|
|
Lituanie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania (25 October 1992, as last amended on 25 April 2006)http://www3.lrs.lt/home/Konstitucija/Constitution.htm
|
2020/06/05
|
|
Luxembourg
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 33: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Luxembourg_2009
|
2024/11/20
|
|
Macau
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution (People's Republic of China), art. 79-84
|
2009/12/08
|
|
Macédoine, ARYM
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Electoral Code of the Republic of Macedonia including 2021 amendments, article. 4 (1): https://www.ifes.org/document/northmacedoniaelectoralcodeupdatesseptember2021pdf
Constitution of the Republic of North Macedonia, art. 79-90.
https://www.sobranie.mk/the-constitution-of-the-republic-of-macedonia-ns_article-constitution-of-the-republic-of-north-macedonia.nspx
|
2024/11/19
|
|
Madagascar
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 44 - 62: http://www.ceni-madagascar.mg/dossier/constitution.pdf (2013)
|
2013/02/07
|
|
Malaisie
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 32: http://confinder.richmond.edu/admin/docs/malaysia.pdf (2013)
|
2013/03/21
|
|
Malawi
|
a. Oui
|
The President who is both Head of State and Government is restricted to two five year terms.
Source:
Constitution: Constitution of the Republic of Malawi, art. 78 and 83 (1).
|
2025/04/14
|
|
Maldives
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution 2008, art. 106 - 128: http://www.majlis.gov.mv/en/wp-content/uploads/Constitution-english.pdf (2018)
|
2019/02/11
|
|
Mali
|
a. Oui
|
L'actuel président s'appelle Amadou Toumani Touré et a été élu en 2002 pour un mandat de cinq (05) ans
Source:
Constitution, art. 29-52
Electoral Code, art. 140
|
2009/12/08
|
|
Malte
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 48, 49, 50: http://www.parlament.mt/constituion-of-malta?l=1 (2012)
|
2012/05/22
|
|
Man, Ile de
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Isle of Man Constitution: Parliament
http://www.gov.im/isleofman/parliament.xml
|
2009/12/14
|
|
Maroc
|
b. Non
|
un Roi
Source:
Morocco's Constitution of 2011, Title III: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Morocco_2011.pdf
|
2022/08/02
|
|
Maurice
|
a. Oui
|
The President is the ceremonial Head of State and is elected by Parliament.
Source:
Constitution: Constitution of the Republic of Mauritius, art. 28 & 29
|
2012/02/25
|
|
Mauritanie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution as amended by Constitutional Law n° 2012-015, art. 23: www.mauritania.mr (2012)
|
2024/10/28
|
|
Mayotte
|
a. Oui
|
|
2009/11/12
|
|
Mexique
|
a. Oui
|
President Felipe Calderón (since December 1st, 2006).
Source:
Constitution: "Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos", art. 80–83: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/MX/mexico-constitucion-2024/
|
2024/04/12
|
|
Micronésie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Federated States of Micronesia Art. 10: http://www.fsmlaw.org/fsm/constitution/article10.htm
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Moldova, Rép.de
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
The Constitution of The Republic of Moldova (1994, rev. 2016), article 77-84
|
2021/03/30
|
|
Monaco
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 10 - 16
|
2023/09/11
|
|
Mongolie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 30 - 37: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
|
2020/02/17
|
|
Montserrat
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 22
|
2014/08/04
|
|
Monténégro
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: The Constitution of the Republic of Montenegro, SU-SK Ref. no. 01-514/12, 19 October 2007.
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Montenegro_2013?lang=en
|
2023/09/25
|
|
Mozambique
|
a. Oui
|
Constitution: "The President of the Republic is the head of State, embodying national unity, representing the nation domestically and internationally, and overseeing the correct operation of the State organs."
Source:
Constitution of 21 January 2005, art. 146 - 163: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/MZ/mozambique-constitution-portuguese-version/view (2014)
|
2024/12/04
|
|
Namibie
|
a. Oui
|
The President is the Head of State and Government. The President is elected through direct universal adult suffrage by and absolute majority and is restricted to two terms of office of five years each.
Source:
Constitution: Constitution of Namibia, art. 27-34
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Nauru
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution 1968, Art. 16. (http://www.naurugov.nr/media/21406/constitution_19.5.1968.pdf)
|
2012/06/28
|
|
Netherlands Antilles
|
b. Non
|
Source:
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/nt.html
|
2009/11/12
|
|
New Caledonia
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Section II, Articles 5 -19.
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Nicaragua
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de Nicaragua (2014)”, art. 144 - 150:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/NI/constitucion/constitucion-politica-de-nicaragua-con-reformas-a/ (2016).
|
2016/06/07
|
|
Niger
|
a. Oui
|
L'actuel président Mamdou Tanja a été réélu en décembre2004 pour un second mandat de 05 ans
Source:
Constitution of 25 November 2010 with its amendments, art. 46 - 72: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/NE/niger-constitution-2010/
|
2017/02/01
|
|
Nigeria
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution 1999 (as amended), art. 130-152: http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text.jsp?file_id=179202 (2013)
|
2015/02/14
|
|
Niue
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 1.
|
2014/06/23
|
|
Northern Mariana Islands
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Preamble
https://cnmilaw.org/cons.php#gsc.tab=0
|
2010/01/07
|
|
Norvège
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution(last amended May 2014), Art. 3:
|
2017/05/19
|
|
Nouvelle-Zélande
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution Act 1986, Art. 2: http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1986/0114/latest/whole.html#DLM94210 (2017)
https://dpmc.govt.nz/our-business-units/cabinet-office/supporting-work-cabinet/cabinet-manual/2-ministers-crown-1
|
2024/07/02
|
|
Népal
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Article The Constitution of Nepal, 2015 Article 76 (1 and 2) www.lawcommission.gov.np/en/documents/2016/01/constitution-of-nepal-2.pdf
|
2018/04/03
|
|
Oman
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Basic Statute of the State, as amended by Royal Decree No. 99/2011, art. 41 - 43: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Oman_2011.pdf?lang=en
|
2025/04/30
|
|
Ouganda
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, art. 98, 103: https://ec.or.ug/docs/Constitution_1995.pdf
|
2026/03/18
|
|
Ouzbékistan
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 19, Article 105: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#chapter25
|
2024/08/26
|
|
Pakistan
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 41: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Pakistan_2017
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Palau
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. VIII.
|
2012/07/11
|
|
Palestinien Occupé, Territoire
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Palestinian Basic Law, art. 34: http://www.osservatorioiraq.it/sites/default/files/Palestinian%20Basic%20Law%20with%20Amendements%20-%20english.pdf (2013);
Elections Law 2 September 2007 regulating general elections, art. 3: http://www.elections.ps/Portals/0/pdf/Election_Law_%282007-Sept_02%29-EN.pdf (2013)
|
2013/04/08
|
|
Panama
|
a. Oui
|
President Martín Erasto Torrijos Espino (since September 1st, 2004).
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de Panamá”, art. 175–193: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PA/panama-constitucion-politica-de-la-republica-2004
|
2024/12/05
|
|
Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Section 82: http://www.igr.gov.pg/constitution.pdf (2012)
|
2017/03/16
|
|
Paraguay
|
a. Oui
|
The executive power is exercised by the president.
Source:
Constitution: Constitución Nacional de la República del Paraguay, art. 226:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PY/constitucion/Paraguay%20%281992%29.pdf/ (1992)
|
2023/03/16
|
|
Pays-Bas
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution of the Kingdom of Netherlands, Art. 24; 43: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Netherlands_2008?lang=en
|
2022/08/02
|
|
Philippines
|
a. Oui
|
The executive power is vested in the President of the Philippines.
Source:
Constitution, Art. VII:
http://www.gov.ph/constitutions/1987-constitution/#article-vii (2016)
http://www.asianlii.org/ph/legis/const/1987/8.html (2016)
|
2019/04/24
|
|
Pitcairn
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution Part 4, Article 33(1-2)
http://www.government.pn/Pitcairn%20Islands%20Constitution%20Order%202010.pdf
Pitcairn Order 1970, art. 4
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1970/1434/made
|
2010/01/08
|
|
Pologne
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
The Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2nd April, 1997, as amended in 2009: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Poland_2009
|
2024/11/13
|
|
Portugal
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Portuguese Republic, Seventh Revision, 2005, Articles 120-140:
https://www.parlamento.pt/Legislacao/Paginas/ConstituicaoRepublicaPortuguesa.aspx - Portuguese
https://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/pt/pt045en.pdf - English
|
2024/10/26
|
|
Puerto Rico
|
a. Oui
|
The Head of State of the Free Associated State of Puerto Rico is the president of the United States of America.
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución del Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico”, art. 1: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PR/puerto-rico-constitucion-1970/
|
2020/11/03
|
|
Pérou
|
a. Oui
|
The actual President is Alan Garcia Perez, elect by second round election of 2006
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución Política del Perú”, art. 112: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PE/peru-constitucion-politica-2019/
|
2020/01/28
|
|
Qatar
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 64: https://www.gco.gov.qa/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/permanent_constitution_state_qatar_en.pdf
|
2025/05/08
|
|
Roumanie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: Constitution of Romania, amended in 2003, art. 80-101.https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Romania_2003?lang=en
|
2020/08/22
|
|
Royaume-Uni
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Official Website of the UK Government: https://www.gov.uk/government/ministers/prime-minister
|
2025/06/12
|
|
Russie
|
a. Oui
|
1) The President of the Russian Federation is the head of state.
2) The President is the guarantor of the Constitution, and of human and civil rights and freedoms. In accordance with the procedure established by the Constitution, he takes measures to protect the sovereignty of the Russian Federation, its independence and state integrity, and ensure concerted functioning and interaction of all bodies of state power.
(3) The President of the Russian Federation defines the basic domestic and foreign policy guidelines of the state in accordance with the Constitution and federal laws.
(4) The President of the Russian Federation as head of state represents the Russian Federation inside the country and in international relations."
Source:
Constitution: The Constitution of the Russian Federation, art. 80: http://www.constitution.ru/en/10003000-01.htm
|
2024/03/22
|
|
Rwanda
|
a. Oui
|
Le Président de la République est le Chef de l'Etat. (Constitution, art. 98).
Paul Kagamé est l'actuel président de la République du Rwanda. Il a été porté au pouvoir par la révolution du Front Patriotique Rwandais (FPR) en juillet 1994 et élu président de la République le 25 août 2003.
Source:
Constitution (2023), Art. 97 - 115: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/RW/constitution-of-the-republic-of-rwanda-last/view
|
2024/12/04
|
|
Rép.dominicaine
|
a. Oui
|
The President is elected by popular vote for a four-year term.
Source:
Constitución: Constitución de la República Dominicana (2015) art. 122 - 133: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DO/republica-dominicana-constitucion-politica-2015/ (2020)
|
2020/02/04
|
|
République Centrafricaine
|
a. Oui
|
President François Bozize took power by coup d'etat on the 15th of march 2003.
On the 8th of May 2005 Mr. BOZIZE is elected as President in general elections (second round).
Source:
Constitution, Art. 22 - 37: http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/fr/text.jsp?file_id=193706 (2016)
|
2021/04/19
|
|
République tchèque
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution as amended by Act 71/2012 Sb., art. 54: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Czech_Republic_2013?lang=en (2017)
|
2023/09/14
|
|
Sahara Occidental
|
c. Information non disponible
|
|
2009/08/14
|
|
Saint - Siège
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Official Website of the Vatican City State: http://www.vaticanstate.va/EN/State_and_Government/StateDepartments/Legislative_and_executive_bodies.htm (2012);
Fundamental Law promulgated by Pope JOHN PAUL II 26 November 2000, effective 22 February 2001, Art. 1 (1): http://www.vatican.va/vatican_city_state/legislation/documents/scv_doc_20001126_legge-fondamentale-scv_it.html (2012)
|
2012/05/14
|
|
Saint Christophe-et-Nevis
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Article 21, Constitution
|
2020/04/14
|
|
Saint-Marin
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 3 (Available on the Official Website of the Parliament: http://www.consigliograndeegenerale.sm)
|
2012/05/25
|
|
Saint-Vincent-et-les Grenadines
|
b. Non
|
The executive authority is vested on Her Majesty. According to the law, the Governor General can exercise the executive authority on behalf of Her Majesty.
Source:
Constitution of St. Vincent and the Grenadines 1979, art. 19 & 50
|
2021/12/26
|
|
Sainte Hélène
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 26
|
2010/01/12
|
|
Sainte-Lucie
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 19
|
2010/01/12
|
|
Samoa
|
d. Sans objet
|
Source:
Samoa Constitution Article 16 and 19: https://www.palemene.ws/wp-content/uploads/Constitution-Eng.pdf (2021)
|
2021/04/09
|
|
Samoa Américain
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Revised Constitution of American Samoa Preamble
|
2017/08/18
|
|
Serbie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 111-121
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/RS/constitution-of-the-republic-of-serbia-2006/view
|
2022/07/05
|
|
Seychelles
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Seychelles (2011), art. 50
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SC/seychelles-constitution-2011/view
|
2025/02/25
|
|
Sierra Leone
|
a. Oui
|
Mr. A. Tijan Kabbah
Source:
Constitution (2008), Art. 40 - 72: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SL/sierra-leone-constitution-2008/
|
2017/01/12
|
|
Singapour
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Singapore, Art. 17 - 22: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Singapore_2010?lang=en (2017)
|
2017/03/24
|
|
Slovaquie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
The Constitution of the Slovak Republic, Article 101: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/SK/constitution-of-the-slovak-republic-as-amended-to/view
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Slovénie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 102
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Slovenia_2013?lang=en
|
2026/04/03
|
|
Somalie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Transitional Constitution of 2012, Art. 87 - 96: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SO/somalia-provisional-constitution-of-2012/view
|
2016/11/25
|
|
Soudan
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
The Interim National Constitution of 2005, art. 51 - 64: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4ba749762.html (2012)
|
2012/08/31
|
|
Soudan du sud
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Transitional Constitution 2011, art. 97: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4e269a3e2.html%C2%A0 (2012)
|
2021/06/02
|
|
Sri Lanka
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 30, 31, 94: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LK/sri-lanka-constitution-as-amended-up-to-9/at_download/file
|
2016/01/28
|
|
Suisse
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 176: https://www.admin.ch/opc/en/classified-compilation/19995395/201506140000/101.pdf (2015)
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Suriname
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 90: http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Constitutions/Suriname/english.html (2012)
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Suède
|
b. Non
|
Source:
The Instrument of Government, Ch. 1, Art. 5: Official Website of the Parliament: http://www.riksdagen.se/sv/Start/Bestall/Sprakversioner/English---engelska1/Sveriges-grundlagar-och-riksdagsordningen1/ (2012);
Act of Succession, Art. 1 - 8
|
2014/08/04
|
|
Swaziland
|
b. Non
|
Swaziland is a hereditary monarchy.
Source:
Constitution: Constitution of the Kingdom of Swaziland, art. 1, 4 & 5
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Syrie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 83 - 117
|
2014/06/02
|
|
São Tomé e Príncipe
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 77: https://constituteproject.org/constitution/Sao_Tome_and_Principe_2003.pdf?lang=en
|
2021/06/17
|
|
Sénégal
|
a. Oui
|
L'actuel président s'appelle Macky Sall il a ete elu en Mars 2012
Source:
Constitution 2012, art. 26 - 52: http://www.assemblee-nationale.sn/images/stories/PDF/constitution_du_senegal.pdf (2017)
English: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Senegal_2009?lang=en (2017)
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Tadjikistan
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan, amended as of May 22, 2016, art. 64-65.
|
2025/02/14
|
|
Tanzanie
|
a. Oui
|
There shall be a President of the United Republic.
Source:
Constitution, art. 33 (1): https://www.inec.go.tz/uploads/documents/sw-1714455356-1.%20sw-1675190712-sw1499671152-Katiba_ya_Tanzania.pdf
|
2025/12/01
|
|
Taïwan
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Articles 35, Constitution of the Republic of China
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Taiwan_2005.pdf
|
2020/04/13
|
|
Tchad
|
a. Oui
|
Idriss Déby Itno is the President. He took power in 1990 by coup. He was reelected on the 3rd of May 2006 for a 5 years term.
Source:
Constitution as amended by Constitutional Law n° 008/PR/2005, art. 60, 61, 66: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Chad_2005.pdf?lang=en (2016)
|
2019/04/23
|
|
Thaïlande
|
b. Non
|
Thailand has an inherited monarchy.
Source:
Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, Sec. 1: https://constitutionnet.org/sites/default/files/2017-05/CONSTITUTION+OF+THE+KINGDOM+OF+THAILAND+(B.E.+2560+(2017)).pdf
|
2023/10/04
|
|
Timor-Leste
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 74: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
|
2024/11/14
|
|
Togo
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 58 - 75: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/country,LEGAL,,LEGISLATION,TGO,456d621e2,48ef43c72,0.html (2013)
|
2013/01/03
|
|
Tokelau
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution of Tokelau 2007, Article 5
https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/TK/tokelau-constitution
'Tokelau Islands Information Paper, New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade': http://www.mfat.govt.nz/Countries/Pacific/Tokelau.php
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tl.html
|
2020/01/22
|
|
Tonga
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 30, 31: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/TO/Tonga%20Act%20of%20Constitution%201988.pdf/view (2021)
|
2021/09/13
|
|
Trinidad-et-Tobago
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: “Constitution of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago”, Section 22: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TT/trinidad-and-tobago-constitution-2016/
|
2020/08/22
|
|
Tunisie
|
a. Oui
|
Le président de la République est le chef de l'état. Sa religion est l'Islam.
Source:
The Constitution of 26 January 2014, art. 72: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/TN/tunisia-constitution-of-26-january-2014/view (2014)
|
2019/08/05
|
|
Turkménistan
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution of Turkmenistan (2016), Article 68: http://www.osce.org/odihr/262336?download=true.
|
2013/03/05
|
|
Turquie
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Unofficial Translation Of The Amendments To The Constitution, art. 8: http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-REF(2017)005-e
|
2016/01/21
|
|
Tuvalu
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 48 & 54-55: http://tuvalu-legislation.tv/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1986/1986-0001/ConstitutionofTuvalu_1.pdf
|
2012/06/19
|
|
Ukraine
|
a. Oui
|
The President of Ukraine is the Head of State.
Source:
Constitution, articles 102, 103: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80
|
2019/03/11
|
|
Uruguay
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: Constitución de la República de Uruguay, arts. 149-159, https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/UY/uruguay-constitucion-de-la-republica-2004-vigente/view (2004).
|
2024/12/18
|
|
Vanuatu
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 33: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/VU/vanuatu-constitution-of-the-republic-of-vanuatu/at_download/file
|
2016/01/26
|
|
Venezuela
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela”, art. 225–237: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/VE/venezuela-constitucion-reforma-2009/
|
2020/11/15
|
|
Viêt Nam
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution of 1992 as amended, art. 101 - 108: http://www.moj.gov.vn/vbpq/en/Lists/Vn%20bn%20php%20lut/View_Detail.aspx?ItemID=10450 (2016)
|
2021/04/07
|
|
Wallis-et-Futuna
|
c. Information non disponible
|
Source:
Constitution, Section II, Articles 5-19.
|
2009/08/14
|
|
Yémen
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 106, 108: http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/category,LEGAL,,,YEM,3fc4c1e94,0.html (2012)
|
2012/08/22
|
|
Zambie
|
a. Oui
|
The President is Head of State and Government.
Source:
Constitution: Constitution of Zambia, art. 47 & 91 (1)
http://www.parliament.gov.zm/sites/default/files/documents/amendment_act/Constitution%20of%20Zambia%20%20(Amendment),%202016-Act%20No.%202_0.pdf
|
2016/06/28
|
|
Zanzibar
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
The Constitution of Zanzibar, art. 26
http://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/tz/tz028en.pdf (2016)
|
2016/04/05
|
|
Zimbabwe
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: Constitution of Zimbabwe 2013; art 89, 92
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Zimbabwe_2013
|
2023/09/25
|
|
Égypte
|
a. Oui
|
Le chef d'Etat est le président de la République.
Source:
Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt 2014, art. 139:
http://www.sis.gov.eg/Newvr/Dustor-en001.pdf (2014).
|
2025/09/23
|
|
Émirats arabes unis
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 51 - 54: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/United_Arab_Emirates_2009?lang=en
|
2019/09/25
|
|
Équateur
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República del Ecuador”, art. 144: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/EC/ecuador-constitucion-2020/
|
2025/03/13
|
|
Érythrée
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 39 - 45
|
2009/12/02
|
|
États-Unis
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Article II, Section 1, United States Constitution
|
2024/09/30
|
|
Éthiopie
|
a. Oui
|
The President of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia is the Head of State
Source:
Constitution, art. 69 - 71
|
2015/05/18
|
|
Île Chritmas
|
b. Non
|
Source:
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kt.html
|
2009/11/30
|
|
Île Norfolk
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Norfolk Island Act, Preamble, p. 1 & art. 6
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/nf.html
|
2010/01/07
|
|
Îles Cayman
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution: “Cayman Islands Constitution Order 2009”, Section 43: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/KY/cayman-islands-constitution-2009/ ;
|
2021/12/13
|
|
Îles Cocos
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Australia's Constitution of 1901, chapter 2, art 61: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Senate/Powers_practice_n_procedures/Constitution
|
2019/07/08
|
|
Îles Cook
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 2-3
|
2014/06/05
|
|
Îles Fakland (Malvinas)
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution: “Falkland Islands Constitution Order 2008”, Section 23 & 56: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/FK/falkland-islands-constitution-2008/ ;
|
2022/04/19
|
|
Îles Féroé
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Parliamentary Act on Home Rule in the Faroe Islands 1994; CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fo.html
|
2012/07/06
|
|
Îles Marshall
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 5 (3). https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Marshall_Islands_1995
|
2023/10/12
|
|
Îles Salomon
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution of 1978, Amended 2014: Art. 1 (2) and 27 (1).
Constitution (2014): https://constituteproject.org/constitution/Solomon_Islands_2014.pdf?lang=en
Amendment 2018: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/SB/solomon-islands-constitution-amendment-2018
|
2019/02/28
|
|
Îles Turks-et- Caïques
|
b. Non
|
Source:
Constitution: “The Constitution of the Turks and Caicos Islands”: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TC/turks-and-caicos-constitution-2014/
|
2025/09/30
|
|
Îles Vierges Americaines
|
a. Oui
|
Source:
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/vq.html
|
2009/11/26
|
|
Îles Vierges Britanniques
|
b. Non
|
Source:
The Virgin Islands Constitution Order 2007, Article 35(1)
http://www.bvi.gov.vg/sites/default/files/constitution.pdf
The Virgin Islands Constitution Order 2007, Article 46(1)
http://www.bvi.gov.vg/sites/default/files/constitution.pdf
|
2019/02/08
|
