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Vanuatu
- Boundary Delimitation
- Direct Democracy
- Electoral Management
- Electoral Systems
- Legislative Framework
- Media and Elections
- Parties and Candidates
- Vote Counting
- Voter Education
- Voting Operations
- Voter Registration
Boundary Delimitation
BD01 Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
a. Yes
Comments: 52 electorates (6 single and 46 multi member since 1998)
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:45:28 UTC
BD02 The authority responsible for final approval of the constituency boundaries is:
c. The Electoral Management Body
Comments: The Principle Electoral Officer has the responsibility. Subject to Electoral Commission endorsement.
Source: Representation of the People Act CAP 146 article 3 (2) (b)
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:45:28 UTC
BD03 On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
a. "Equality" of population
g. Other
Comments: g) Geographical location/resources
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:45:28 UTC
BD05 The body responsible for drawing the boundaries is:
d. Electoral management body
Source: Representation of the People Article 3 (2) (a).
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:51:23 UTC
BD06 What statistical or other reasons trigger the redrawing of electoral constituency boundaries?
a. Changes in number of total population
Comments: NOT STRICTLY on population bases but also on consideration for equity in government services.
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:45:28 UTC
Direct Democracy
DD01 Please provide information about the person completing the questionnaire.
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD02 Which forms of direct democracy, if any, are currently possible at the national level?
Please check the glossary for the definition of the following terms:
a. Mandatory referendum
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD03 What is the legal basis for mandatory referendums at the national level?
a. Constitutional
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD04 What is the legal basis for optional referendums at the national level?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD05 What is the legal basis for citizens' initiatives at the national level?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD06 What is the legal basis for agenda initiatives at the national level?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD07 What is the legal basis for recalls at the national level?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD09 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for optional referendums at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD10 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for citizens' initiatives at the national level?
Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD100 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for an agenda initiative?
f. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD101 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for a recall?
f. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD102 What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a referendum?
d. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD103 What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a citizens' initiative?
d. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD104 What form of checks are undertaken to verify signatures for a recall?
d. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD105 Who is responsible for checking the signatures?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD106 Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in a referendum?
g. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD107 Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in an initiative?
g. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD108 Which organisation(s), if any, is responsible for running non-partisan information or voter education campaigns to inform voters about the issue being addressed in a recall?
g. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD109 What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for a referendum?
i. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD11 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for agenda initiatives at the national level?
Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD110 What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for an initiative?
i. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD111 What activities, if any, are undertaken as part of non-partisan information or voter education campaigns for a recall?
i. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD112 Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in a referendum?
h. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD113 Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in an initiative?
h. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD114 Which of the following controls, if any, apply in relation to campaigning for or against the issue being addressed in a recall?
h. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD115 What is the period during which these controls apply for a referendum?
c. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD116 What is the period during which these controls apply for an initiative?
c. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD117 What is the period during which these controls apply for a recall?
c. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD118 Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for a referendum? Specify in the “Comments” section below.
f. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD119 Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for an initiative? Specify in the “Comments” section below.
f. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD12 What is the legal basis for the administrative requirements for recalls at the national level? Tick as appropriate and specify the relevant constitutional, legal or regulatory provisions below.
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD120 Which campaigners, if any, are entitled to some forms of public assistance for a recall? Specify in the “Comments” section below.
f. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD121 Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for a referendum?
Specify in the “Comments” section below.
g. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD122 Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for an initiative?
Specify in the “Comments” section below.
g. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD123 Which forms of public assistance, if any, are provided for a recall?
Specify in the “Comments” section below.
g. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD124 If free media access is provided, what are the criteria for allocating broadcast time / printing space?
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD126 What restrictions or controls, if any, are there on media coverage of the campaign and/or issue during the relevant period?
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD13 When were direct democracy mechanisms first introduced into the legal framework at the national level?
Date (yyyy)
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD14 When was an administrative framework for direct democracy mechanisms first introduced at the national level? Date (yyyy)
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD17 Are mandatory referendums currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD18 Are optional referendums currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD19 Are citizens' initiatives currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD20 Are agenda initiatives currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD21 Are recalls currently possible at first tier (regions/states/provinces, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD23 Are optional referendums currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD24 Are citizens' initiatives currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD25 Are agenda initiatives currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD26 Are recalls currently possible at local (municipalities/districts/communes, etc) authority level?
c. No
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD27 What are the issues, if any, in relation to which referendums are mandatory at the national level?
a. Constitutional amendments
d. National sovereignity, national self-determination
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD30 Which issues, if any, maybe the subject of sub-national referendums regulated at the national level?
f. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD31 Who can initiate a referendum at the national level?
a. Government
c. President
d. Legislative majority
e. Registered electors
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD32 Who is responsible for drafting the mandatory referendum question?
b. Independent electoral commission
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD34 Which of the following, if any, are required to be included in the mandatory referendum question?
a. The title of the proposal
c. An explanatory text
d. The full text of the proposal
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD36 Which institution(s) decides on the final form of the ballot text for mandatory referendums?
b. Independent electoral commission
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD38 What, if any, are the quorum requirements for a mandatory referendum to be valid? Please specify numbers/percentages.
b. Approval quorum 2/3 majority
Comments: b) 2/3 majority
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD39 What, if any, are the quorum requirements for a optional referendum to be valid? Please specify numbers/percentages.
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD40 What are the requirements for mandatory referendums to pass?
b. Qualified majority (specify % below)
Comments: 2/3 majority
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD42 In which areas, if any, do regulatory provisions differ between a referendum and a national election?
Tick all that apply and specify below in the comments section.
c. Postal voting
Comments: no postal vote in referendums.
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD45 Which types of issues can be proposed by citizens using the citizens' initiative process at the national level?
d. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD46 Which types of issues can be proposed by citizens using the agenda initiative process at the national level?
d. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD47 Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of a citizens' initiative at the national level?
l. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD48 Which issues, if any, are excluded from being the subject of an agenda initiative at the national level?
l. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD49 Who may propose the registration of a citizens' initiative?
Please specify in the “Comments” section below.
d. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD50 Who may propose the registration of an agenda initiative?
Please specify in the “Comments” section below.
d. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD51 What material is necessary to accompany an application for registration?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD52 Who determines the title of a citizens' initiative?
f. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD53 Who determines the title of an agenda initiative?
f. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD54 Which, if any, of the following disqualify a proposed title of an initiative?
h. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD55 Which services are provided by the agency/department responsible for the administration of direct democracy mechanisms before an initiative can be published?
f. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD56 Under what circumstances is an initiative checked for constitutionality or legality?
d. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD58 If a check of the constitutionality or legality of an initiative takes place, when does this happen?
f. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD59 Which institutions, if any, are given an opportunity to propose an alternative to proposals contained in a citizens’ initiative?
g. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD60 At which stage in the initiative process, if at all, can alternative proposals be made?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD61 What happens when there is a valid alternative proposal?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD62 When an initiative proposal and an alternative proposal are put to the vote on the same day, what choices does the voter have?
f. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD63 Who decides the final ballot text?
f. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD64 Once an initiative is qualified for the ballot, the vote on it takes place:
d. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD65 Which of the following individuals/positions may be subject to the recall mechanism?
k. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD66 What are the grounds upon which a recall may be launched?
g. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD67 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to the time period in which an individual/position can be recalled?
b. Not applicable X
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD68 If a recall qualifies for the ballot, when is it put to the vote?
d. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD69 When does the election to replace an individual who has been recalled take place?
c. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD70 If a separate ballot to replace an individual who has been recalled takes place, how soon after the recall ballot is it held?
b. Not applicable X
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD71 Can an individual who is the subject of a recall stand on the ballot for his/her own replacement?
c. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD72 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD73 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a rejective referendum (optional)?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable x
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD74 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a citizens' initiative?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD75 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for an agenda initiative?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD76 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional) has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD77 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for a rejective referendum (optional) has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD78 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for a citizens' initiative has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD79 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for an agenda initiative has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD80 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD81 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for a rejective referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD82 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for a citizens' initiative?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD83 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for an agenda initiative?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD84 How many verified signatures are required to start the formal decision-making stage for a recall?
Indicate figures in the appropriate boxes. If more than one answer exists for any individual box, explain in the comment section.
e. Not applicable X
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD85 What is the deadline, if any, for collecting the required number of signatures after a proposal for recall has been published?
c. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD86 What restrictions, if any, apply in relation to the individuals who can sign the proposal for a recall?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD87 Where can proposals for an abrogative referendum (optional) be signed?
g. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD88 Where can proposals for a rejective referendum (optional) be signed?
g. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD89 Where can proposals for a citizens' initiative be signed?
g. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD90 Where can proposals for an agenda initiative be signed?
g. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD91 Where can proposals for a recall be signed?
g. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD92 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD93 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a rejective referendum (optional)?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD94 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a citizens' initiative?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD95 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for an agenda initiative?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD96 What information must signatories provide when signing the proposal for a recall?
e. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
DD97 What restrictions, if any, are there in relation to signature collection for an abrogative referendum (optional)?
f. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-09 09:24:02 UTC
Electoral Management
EM01 Please provide the following contact information for the national electoral management body:
a. Name of Institution Electoral Office
b. Full Address Private Mail Bag 633
c. Telephone (678) 23914/27534
d. Facsimile (678) 26681
e. Email [email protected]
g. Name and Title of Chairperson/President Etienne Kombe
h. Information Officer Guilain Malessas
i. Official language of the electoral law governing national elections English, French, and Bislama.
Source: Language, Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu article 3 (1).
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:37:50 UTC
EM02 Does this national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
a. National level
b. Regional level
c. Local level
d. Other kinds of elections (church, union, etc.) Please specify.
Comments: Malvatumauri National Council of Chiefs
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu Article 20 (1)
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:37:50 UTC
EM03 The national electoral management body reports to:
d. A national government department
Comments: The Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Public Service Commission
Source: Representation of the People Act CAP 146 article 39 (1) and (2).
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:37:50 UTC
EM04 The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
c. The legislature
Comments: The Electoral Office estimates the budget sent to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Significant International Donors for the last elections were Australia, European Union, and the United Kingdom.
Source: Joint Electoral Commission/ Transparency International Project 2002, Republic of Vanuatu National Elections: Report of the Elections Observer Group available online http://www.sria.com.vu/reports.htm
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:42:57 UTC
EM05 The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
c. The legislature
d. A national government department
Comments: d) Department of Finance and Corporate Services Department – Ministry of Internal Affairs. The legislature assigns the budget for the EMB, while the Ministry of Internal Affairs can and does modify the budget.
Source: Joint Electoral Commission/ Transparency International Project 2002, Republic of Vanuatu National Elections: Report of the Elections Observer Group
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:37:50 UTC
EM06 The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
b. For a term of _________ years
Comments: B. For a term of 5 years.
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu Articles 18(1) and (3)a
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:45:15 UTC
EM08 According to official sources, what was the estimated overall cost (in US dollars if available) of the most recent national elections?
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:37:50 UTC
EM09 What was the total number of registered voters or, where there was no voter roll, the estimated number of eligible voters?
a. Total number: 2
Comments: Increase in registration, some concern that it is above the actual estimated franchised population. Votes may have been sold. 2004 General elections – 217,000 registered voters.
Source: (2002) unknown, (1998) International IDEA: Voter turnout from 1945 to date, Vanuautu available http://www.idea.int/vt/region_view.cfm?CountryCode=VU . Comment. Joint Electoral Commission/ Transparency International Project 2002, Republic of Vanuatu National Elections: Report of the Elections Observer Group
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:37:50 UTC
Electoral Systems
ES02 How is the Head of Government selected?
c. Indirectly elected by legislature/chosen by parliament
Comments: The Prime Minister is elected from the unicameral parliament. The party or coalition with the largest number of seats in parliament regularly chooses the Prime Minister.
Source: Constitution of the republic of Vanuatu, article 41
Last updated: 2005-02-10 05:59:05 UTC
ES03 Does the country have a president?
a. Yes
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu article 34
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:07:05 UTC
ES04 The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
a. One chamber
Source: Constitution of the republic of Vanuatu, article 15.
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:07:41 UTC
ES05 What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
f. Single Non-Transferable Vote
Source: Handbook of Electoral System Design (Stockholm, Sweden: International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, 1997
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:10:10 UTC
ES06 What is the electoral system for Chamber 2 of the national legislature?
k. The national legislature consists of one chamber only
Source: Constitution of the republic of Vanuatu, article 15
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:10:49 UTC
ES07 If List PR is used, is a highest average formula used?
h. Not applicable
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:11:17 UTC
ES08 What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 1?
b. Specially delimited constituencies
Comments: There are 17 Constituencies, district magnititure ranges from 1 to 7.
Source: Van Trease, H. University of Hawaii at Hilo (10 July 2004) Operation of the single non transferable vote in Vanuatu, paper delivered at the Political Culture, Representation and Electoral Systems in the Pacific conference Vanuatu. Available online at http://www.usp.ac.fj/fileadmin/files/Institutes/piasdg/Electoral_Systems_2004/es2004_vanTrease.pdf
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:13:55 UTC
ES09 What is the level at which seats are distributed in Chamber 2?
d. Not applicable
Source: Constitution of the republic of Vanuatu, article 15.
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:14:18 UTC
ES10 Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 1 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
b. No
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:14:41 UTC
ES12 Are special constituencies or seats reserved in Chamber 2 for specific groups, such as minorities, specific nationality or other groups?
c. The national legislature consists of one chamber only
Source: Constitution of the republic of Vanuatu, article 15.
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:16:00 UTC
ES13 If special constituencies or seats are reserved in Chamber 2, specify which interest groups, and the proportion of total seats reserved:
e. Not applicable NA
Source: Constitution of the republic of Vanuatu, article 15.
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:16:16 UTC
ES14 What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 1?
a. No minimum
Source: Van Trease, H. University of Hawaii at Hilo (10 July 2004) Operation of the single non transferable vote in Vanuatu, paper delivered at the Political Culture, Representation and Electoral Systems in the Pacific conference Vanuatu. Available online at http://www.usp.ac.fj/fileadmin/files/Institutes/piasdg/Electoral_Systems_2004/es2004_vanTrease.pdf
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:19:29 UTC
ES15 What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a party to win seats in Chamber 2?
c. Not applicable
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu article 15
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:19:58 UTC
ES16 What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 1?
a. No minimum
Source: Van Trease, H. University of Hawaii at Hilo (10 July 2004) Operation of the single non transferable vote in Vanuatu, paper delivered at the Political Culture, Representation and Electoral Systems in the Pacific conference Vanuatu. Available online at http://www.usp.ac.fj/fileadmin/files/Institutes/piasdg/Electoral_Systems_2004/es2004_vanTrease.pdf
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:20:54 UTC
ES17 What is the legally imposed minimum threshold of votes required by a candidate (independent/party) to win a seat in Chamber 2?
c. Not applicable
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu article 15
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:25:22 UTC
ES18 Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 1, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
a. At fixed intervals (specify length)
b. Elections can be called at any time (specify by whom)
Comments: Parliament can be dissolved by an absolute majority of the parliament with ¾ being in attendance. The president may, on the advice of the Council of Ministers, dissolve parliament
Source: Constitution of the republic of Vanuatu Article 28 (1-3)
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:26:21 UTC
ES19 Regarding the timing of the elections for Chamber 2, which of the following is true? Elections take place:
e. Not applicable
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu article 15
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:26:49 UTC
Legislative Framework
LF01 What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
a. Part of Constitution
b. Separate legislation
Source: Electoral Office of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:39:23 UTC
LF02 What is the date of the latest version of the national electoral law (including latest amendments)?
a. January 2000 or later
Comments: 1989. Representation of the People Act was brought into law in 1981, was last amended 22 November 2001
Source: Representation of the People Amendment Act 2001 No. 20 of 2001
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:29:59 UTC
LF03 The national electoral law covers:
a. National elections
b. Regional elections
c. Local elections
e. Other
Comments: E. National Council of Chiefs
Source: Representation of the People Act (CAP 146) article 20 (1)
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:32:24 UTC
LF04 Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
a. Voting is voluntary
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu Article 17 (1)
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:32:58 UTC
LF07 What are the agency(ies) responsible for first level of formal electoral disputes?
a. Judiciary
Comments: The Supreme Court
Source: Representation of the People Act (Cap 146) article 54 (2).
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:35:01 UTC
LF08 If the agency(ies) which settles formal disputes is/are specially appointed/elected; by whom?
h. Not applicable
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:35:28 UTC
LF09 Who has the right to submit cases to the person or agency(ies)which settles formal disputes?
a. Candidates
c. Voters
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap (146) Article 55 (a) and (b)
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:36:07 UTC
LF10 What body(ies) is the final appellate authority for formal electoral disputes?
c. Superior Court
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap (146) Article 54 (2).
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:37:01 UTC
LF11 Which body(ies) proposes electoral reforms?
a. Election Management Body
b. Legislative Committee
e. Legislature
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap (146) Article 39 (2). Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu Articles; 16 (1) and (2), 20 (3) and (4), 23.
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:38:05 UTC
Media and Elections
ME01 Please provide information about the person completing the questionnaire.
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
ME11 What laws, if any, guarantee freedom of access to public information for representatives of the media?
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
ME13 What are the laws, if any, which govern the operations of the public broadcaster?
Specify the date of the latest version (including latest amendments)
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
ME18 What are the laws, if any, that provide for the safeguards for editorial autonomy in relation to the public broadcaster(s)?
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
ME19 What are the laws, if any, which govern the granting of broadcasting licenses/frequencies to private broadcasters?
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
ME22 What are the legal conditions, if any, under which the activities of a media outlet may be suspended?
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
ME37 What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
h. Not applicable
Comments: Neither free broadcast time nor free printed advertisement space is allocated to political parties.
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
ME38 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
b. The law does not specify any limits on paid advertising X
Comments: The law does not specify any limits on paid advertising
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
ME55 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a presidential candidate is permitted to spend on paid advertising?
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
ME56 What are the laws, if any, which govern the disclosure of campaign advertising expenditures by political parties and candidates?
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
ME57 What, if any, is the maximum amount that a media outlet can charge parties/candidates for advertising during the campaign?
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
ME58 How does this maximum amount (identified in question C.15.1) affect the political participation of smaller or newly formed parties?
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
ME59 Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
c. No
Comments: Ceased in 1991.
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
ME60 What legal requirements, if any, regulate the participation of candidates or party representatives in media debates?
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:20:40 UTC
Parties and Candidates
PC01 What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
f. Other
Comments: Parties must submit logos, photos and fees.
Source: Representation of the People Act CAP 146. Article 24.
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:11:05 UTC
PC02 What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 2)?
g. Not applicable
Source: Constitution of the republic of Vanuatu, article 15.
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:24:57 UTC
PC03 What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
a. Age
b. Citizenship
f. Registration
Source: Representation of the People Act CAP 146 Article 24
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:25:42 UTC
PC04 What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 2)?
k. Not applicable
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu, article 15.
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:26:12 UTC
PC05 What are the legal qualifications for becoming a candidate at presidential elections?
a. Age
b. Citizenship
c. Country of birth
f. Registration
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu Article 35, and Representation of the People Act CAP 146 Article 24.
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:26:57 UTC
PC06 What can disqualify a candidate at legislative elections?
a. Current criminal incarceration
g. Holding of government office
h. Bankruptcy or Insolvency
n. Holding of other public offices (police etc.)
o. Other
Comments: N. Holding other public offices (police, judges and magistrates, public servants, and members of the teaching service.) O. Being a member of the Council of Chiefs The Vanuatu police force incorporates the traditional elements of military force.
Source: Representation of the People Act CAP 146 Article 24 (a), (b), and (C) and Article 23 (a-g)
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:18:15 UTC
PC07 What can disqualify a candidate at presidential elections?
a. Current criminal incarceration
d. Naturalization
g. Holding of government office
n. Holding of other public offices (police etc.)
p. Other
Comments: P. Being a member of the council of chiefs.
Source: Representation of the People Act CAP 146 Article 24 (a), (b), and (C) and Article 23 (a-g). Source for D. Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu article 35.
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:18:15 UTC
PC08 Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
e. In both presidential and legislative elections
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:18:15 UTC
PC12 Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
a. No
Source: International IDEA (2003) "Funding of Political Parties and Election Campaigns"
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:18:15 UTC
PC15 What is the basis of the public funding?
f. Not applicable
Comments: There is no public funding of political parties.
Source: International IDEA (2003) "Funding of Political Parties and Election Campaigns"
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:18:15 UTC
Vote Counting
VC01 What are the characteristics of ballots used at national legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
b. Multi-ballot (each party has own ballot, voter picks one ballot and places in envelope)
e. Ability to vote for candidates within parties (personal vote)
Comments: b.) One ballot paper per candidate. Colour for individual candidates and black and white for parties.
Source: Pacific Election Administration Compared: Andrew Ellis (International IDEA)and Alistair Legge (PIANZEA), 2005.
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:16:03 UTC
VC03 What are the characteristics of ballots used at presidential elections?
r. Other
Comments: r. Chief Justice Decides
Source: Election of the President (1998) Article 9.
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:32:45 UTC
VC04 Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
a. At the polling stations
Comments: This is an unofficial count.
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap 146 Section 37. Schedule 5 number 16
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:33:30 UTC
VC05 What procedures are used in the initial count?
b. Preliminary count of all ballots in ballot box
d. Number of ballots in box reconciled against number of voters
e. Number of ballots reconciled against ballots initially received (minus spoilt and unused)
f. Each ballot paper held up for public scrutiny, with name of party/candidate called out loud
h. Double tallying as voters are being called out
i. Tallying by party representative and/or observers as votes are being called out
j. Sorted into piles according to individual party/candidate
l. Counted by hand
s. Copies of results are provided to party agents
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap 146 Section 37. Schedule 5 number 16
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:34:25 UTC
VC06 Following the sorting and counting, to where are the results first transmitted for consolidation?
e. National level
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap 146 Section 37. Schedule 5 number 19 (8)
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:34:49 UTC
VC07 At what levels are seats allocated?
c. Regional level (specify whether it is constituency/ province/ state/ department/other)
Comments: C. Constituency
Source: . Representation of the People (Parliamentary Electoral constituencies and seats) regulations.
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:35:30 UTC
VC08 How are the initial/preliminary polling results transmitted and communicated to the different levels?
a. Physically transported
Comments: The police are responsible for distributing the ballot boxes to and from the polling places to a centralised counting centre.
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap 146 Section 37. Schedule 5 number 19 (8)
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:35:58 UTC
VC09 If the polling results are physically transported, what is transported?
a. Ballots
b. Unused and spoiled ballots
d. Voter rolls
f. Certificate of result
h. Other
Comments: When the ballots travel by direct flight to capital in a lock ballot box there are sometimes no police escort.
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap 146 Section 37. Schedule 5 number 19 (2-7)
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:40:50 UTC
VC10 If the polling results are physically transported, what security measures are used?
c. Signatures on sealed envelopes
h. Accompanied by police or other security personnel
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap 146 Section 37. Schedule 5 number 19 (7)
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:41:45 UTC
VC11 Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
e. Court order
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap 146, article 62.
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:42:24 UTC
VC12 If automatically recounted, what is the trigger?
e. Not applicable
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap 146, article 62.
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:43:05 UTC
VC13 If ballots are recounted by request, who can make the request?
b. An individual candidate
f. Other
Comments: b) An individual candidate through the supreme court. F. Other (person who is registered to vote at the election which the request relates). The request must be made to the Court of Disputed Returns, the Supreme Court.
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap 146, article 55 (A) and (B)
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:16:03 UTC
VC14 If recounted, who conducts the recount?
h. Courts
Comments: The Electoral Commission performs recounts in Court
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap 146, article 62.
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:16:03 UTC
VC16 If preliminary results are announced, how long after the close of polls is this done?
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:16:03 UTC
Voter Education
VE01 Who conducts voter education and information campaigns at the national elections (informing where, when and how to register and vote)?
g. NGOs/ Civic Organizations
i. Media
k. Other
Comments: The EMB has significant financial difficulties in developing and implementing educational programs. In the local villages the Chiefs are the first point of contact and information about the electoral process. Transparency International and Theatre groups assist in educational programs.
Source: Joint Electoral Commission/ Transparency International Project 2002, Republic of Vanuatu National Elections: Report of the Elections Observer Group available online http://www.sria.com.vu/reports.htm
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:14:46 UTC
VE02 At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
c. Other
Comments: c) For voter registration it’s January to July. For elections – once the President has issued the writ for election (order on date of election)
Source: Election Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:50:42 UTC
VE03 Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
a. No
Comments: Not at a national level. NGOs/Civil Society Organizations have ad hoc programs, not so much on an ongoing basis.
Source: Election Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:50:42 UTC
VE04 What types of voter education activities were carried out at the most recent national elections?
a. Poster/ Billboard campaigns
b. Media advertisement
d. Music and theater
Comments: a) by political parties and candidates, not by the EMB. d) Theatre
Source: Election Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:50:42 UTC
VE05 What types of civic education activities were carried out at the most recent national elections?
d. Music and theater
Source: Election Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:50:42 UTC
VE06 Special voter education programs were developed at the most recent national elections for:
a. Disabled
c. Women
Comments: Polling officials were given instructions as how to best assist disabled people. Workshops were conducted for potential female candidates, designed by Women’s groups. None by the EMB.
Source: Election Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:50:42 UTC
Voting Operations
VO02 Is there a code of conduct for election officials?
a. Yes
Comments: In the form of Instructions to Polling Officials
Source: Joint Electoral Commission/ Transparency International Project 2002, Republic of Vanuatu National Elections: Report of the Elections Observer Group
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:18:30 UTC
VO03 Where can electors vote?
a. At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections
h. By proxy
Comments: a) At a specific polling station in the locality where they are registered on the electoral roll in their polling district. h) Proxy application must be provided at least 72 hours before election time.
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap 146 Section 37. Schedule 5 number 10.
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:16:54 UTC
VO04 Who can vote from outside the country?
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap 146 Section 34. Schedule 4
Last updated: 2005-02-10 23:21:39 UTC
VO05 If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
c. Special polling stations
d. By proxy
Comments: c) Special polling stations (specified in electoral roll) by proxy, plus one overseas polling station in Nouméa, New Caledonia.
Source: Representation of the People Act Cap 146 Article 5.
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:14:15 UTC
VO06 Can people vote in advance of the designated national election day(s)?
a. No
Comments: No, they can't, but by proxy voting via proxy card if unable to attend.
Source: Pacific Election Administration Compared: Andrew Ellis (International IDEA)and Alistair Legge (PIANZEA), 2005.
Last updated: 2005-08-12 16:32:52 UTC
VO07 If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), how may they do so?
f. Not applicable
Source: Pacific Election Administration Compared: Andrew Ellis (International IDEA)and Alistair Legge (PIANZEA), 2005.
Last updated: 2005-08-12 16:28:18 UTC
VO08 If electors can vote in advance of the designated national election day(s), specify who:
g. Not applicable
Source: Pacific Election Administration Compared: Andrew Ellis (International IDEA)and Alistair Legge (PIANZEA), 2005.
Last updated: 2005-08-12 16:28:02 UTC
VO10 Is there a maximum allowable voter capacity of a polling station for the national elections?
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:14:15 UTC
VO11 How do electors cast their votes?
g. Other
Comments: by manually picking and inserting a simple ballot into a ballot envelope before depositing into the ballot box.
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 15:16:54 UTC
Voter Registration
VR01 What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
c. 18
Comments: 18
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu Article 4 (2).
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:52:00 UTC
VR02 Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
a. Citizenship
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Vanuatu Article 4 (2).
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:53:29 UTC
VR03 What restrictions on registering to vote and voting exist in the country?
i. Not applicable
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:53:17 UTC
VR04 Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
d. Election Management Body (specify)
Comments: Electoral Office
Source: Representation of the People Act (Cap 146) Article 3 (2) (K), 6 (1) and (2)
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:52:00 UTC
VR05 What is the registration method for national elections?
b. Voters register
Source: Representation of the People Act CAP 146 articles 6 (1) and (2).
Last updated: 2005-02-10 06:55:05 UTC
VR06 How frequently is the voters register updated?
b. Annually
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:53:17 UTC
VR07 What methods are used to compile and update the voters register?
e. Appearance by voter at registration office
f. Door-to-door registration campaign
Comments: There is a 14-day inspection, which leads to a final audit. The door-to-door campaign is essentially trying to get people to be active in registration.
Source: Electoral Commission of Vanuatu
Last updated: 2007-01-10 14:53:17 UTC
May 20, 2008 08:20 AM
