Legislative Framework

Brazil

LF001

Question:	What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
Answer(s):	a. Part of Constitution b. Separate legislation
Comments:
Source:	Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988: https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/constituicao-federal/constituicao-da-republica-federativa-do-brasil Electoral Code - Law No. 4,737, of July 15, 1965: https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/codigo-eleitoral-1/codigo-eleitoral-lei-nb0-4.737-de-15-de-julho-de-1965 Election Law – Law No. 9,504, of September 30, 1997: https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/lei-das-eleicoes/lei-das-eleicoes-lei-nb0-9.504-de-30-de-setembro-de-1997 Political Parties Law – Law No. 9.096, of September 19, 1995: https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/lei-dos-partidos-politicos/lei-dos-partidos-politicos-lei-nb0-9.096-de-19-de-setembro-de-1995
Verified:	2024/10/18

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LF003

Question:	The national electoral law covers:
Answer(s):	a. National elections b. Regional elections c. Local elections
Comments:
Source:	Electoral Code - Law No. 4,737, of July 15, 1965, Article 1: https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/codigo-eleitoral-1/codigo-eleitoral-lei-nb0-4.737-de-15-de-julho-de-1965 Election Law – Law No. 9,504, of September 30, 1997, Article 1: https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/lei-das-eleicoes/lei-das-eleicoes-lei-nb0-9.504-de-30-de-setembro-de-1997 Political Parties Law – Law No. 9.096, of September 19, 1995: https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/lei-dos-partidos-politicos/lei-dos-partidos-politicos-lei-nb0-9.096-de-19-de-setembro-de-1995
Verified:	2024/10/18

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LF004

Question:	Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
Answer(s):	b. Voting is compulsory and regulated in the electoral law c. Voting is compulsory and regulated in the constitution
Comments:	Article 14. Popular sovereignty shall be exercised by universal suffrage and by direct and secret voting, with equal value for all, and, in accordance with the law, through: § 1º Voter registration and voting are: I – mandatory for those over eighteen years of age; II – optional for: a) illiterates; b) those over seventy years of age; c) those over sixteen and under eighteen years of age. Electoral Code: Article 6. Voter registration and voting are mandatory for Brazilians of both sexes, except: I – regarding voter registration: a) the disabled; b) those over seventy years of age; c) those who are outside the country. II – regarding voting: a) the sick; b) those who are outside their domicile; c) civil and military employees on duty that prevents them from voting.
Source:	Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988, Article 14 (1): https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/constituicao-federal/constituicao-da-republica-federativa-do-brasil Electoral Code - Law No. 4,737, of July 15, 1965, Article 6, 7, 8: https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/codigo-eleitoral-1/codigo-eleitoral-lei-nb0-4.737-de-15-de-julho-de-1965
Verified:	2024/10/18

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LF007

Question:	What are the agency(ies) responsible for the first level of formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s):	b. EMB c. Specially Appointed/Elected Electoral Tribunal
Comments:	The Supreme Electoral Tribunal/Court, the Regional Electoral Tribunals, and the Electoral Judges. In Brazil, the agency responsible for handling the first level of formal electoral disputes is the Regional Electoral Court (Tribunal Regional Eleitoral - TRE). The TRE is the first-instance body for most electoral disputes, and its decisions can be appealed to the Superior Electoral Court (TSE), which serves as the final appellate authority.
Source:	Electoral Code - Law No. 4,737, of July 15, 1965, Article 23, 29, 30, 35: https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/codigo-eleitoral-1/codigo-eleitoral-lei-nb0-4.737-de-15-de-julho-de-1965
Verified:	2024/10/18

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