Direct Democracy

Kyrgyzstan

DD002

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy Procedures at the national level?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:	The people of Kyrgyzstan shall exercise its power directly at elections and referenda, as well as through the system of state authorities and local self-governance bodies on the basis of the present Constitution and laws.
Source:	Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 2, 116, 79 (1):https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016(amended in 2019): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified:	2025/05/07

(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

DD003

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Mandatory Referendums at the national level?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:	The law on introducing changes to the present Constitution may be adopted by referendum called by the Jogorku Kenesh.
Source:	Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 116: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016(amended in 2019), art. 7: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified:	2025/05/07

(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

DD004

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Optional Referendums at the national level?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:	Amendments and modifications to the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic, laws of the Kyrgyz Republic and other important issues of state importance may be submitted to the referendum. A question of the referendum shall be formulated so as to exclude possibility of its multiple interpretations and so that only a definite answer could be given
Source:	Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 2: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016(amended in 2019), art. 7: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified:	2025/05/07

(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

DD005

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Citizen’s Initiatives at national level?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:	Each citizen or a group of citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic enjoying the right for participation in the referendum may form the group “for” comprising not fewer than 10 people in order to collect signatures in support of the initiative to conduct the referendum. Amendments and additions to the provisions of sections 1, 2 and 5 of the Constitution may be adopted at the initiative of at least 300,000 voters or the President or two-thirds of the total number of deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh at a referendum called by the President.
Source:	Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 116: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016(amended in 2019), art. 11: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified:	2025/05/07

(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

DD006

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Agenda Initiatives at national level?
Answer:	a. Yes
Comments:	The right of legislative initiative belongs to: 1) 10 thousand voters (popular initiative); 2) the President; 3) Deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh; 4) the Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers; 5) the Supreme Court in matters of its jurisdiction; 6) the People's Kurultai; 7) the Prosecutor General on matters under his authority.
Source:	Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 85: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Verified:	2025/05/07

(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

DD007

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Recalls at national level?
Answer:	b. No
Comments:	A deputy of the Jogorku Kenesh shall not be bound by the imperative mandate. The deputy may not be recalled.
Source:	Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 79: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Verified:	2025/05/07

(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

DD129

Question:	Are the results of referenda always binding, never binding or sometimes binding?
Answer:	a. Always binding
Comments:	The decision adopted at the referendum shall be mandatory for all, shall not require additional approval and be effective in the whole territory of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Source:	Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016 (amended in 2019) art. 40: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified:	2025/05/07

(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

DD130

Question:	Are the types of issues to vote upon in a referendum constitutional changes only, other issues only or both constitutional and other issues?
Answer:	c. Both constitutional and other issues
Comments:	Amendments and modifications to the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic, laws of the Kyrgyz Republic and other important issues of state importance may be submitted to the referendum.
Source:	Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 116: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016(amended in 2019), art. 7: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified:	2025/05/07

(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

DD131

Question:	Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy at sub-national levels (regional or local)?
Answer:	c. No information available
Comments:
Source:	https://www.idea.int/data-tools/data/country?country=121&database_theme=309
Verified:	2025/05/07

(Found a mistake? Please let us know.)

The data on this page is continuously updated. Additional, but potentially outdated material is available here.