|
total countries/territories: 228
|
|---|
| Country/Territory |
Answers |
Comments |
Verified |
|
Afghanistan
|
g. Other
h. No information available
|
Source:
Afghan Electoral Law, art. 15(2): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/AF/Electoral%20Law%20Eng.pdf/view (2015).
|
2016/03/14
|
|
Albania
|
i. Not applicable
|
Source:
OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report on Local Government Elections in the Republic of Albania, 8 May 2011. Warsaw 2011: http://www.osce.org/odihr/81649
|
2017/05/19
|
|
Algeria
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Electoral law (Loi organique n° 12-01 du 18 Safar 1433 correspondant au 12 janvier 2012 relative au régime électoral), art. 9 (2), 54: https://www.joradp.dz/hfr/consti.htm
|
2019/09/25
|
|
American Samoa
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Source:
American Samoa Code Annotated, Title 6 (6.1101)
|
2017/08/18
|
|
Andorra
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
e. Students
g. Other
|
Source:
Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights, "OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report: Principality of Andorra 2015", p. 5: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/AD/andorra-needs-assessment-mission-report/
|
2023/06/29
|
|
Angola
|
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
The law state broadly "Angolan citizens with their usual residence abroad have active electoral capacity for parliamentary elections" (Os cidadãos angolanos com residência habitual no estrangeiro têm capacidade eleitoral activa para as eleições legislativas.).
Source:
Constitution of 3 February 2010, art. 143 (1): http://www.tribunalconstitucional.ao/uploads/%7B9555c635-8d7c-4ea1-b7f9-0cd33d08ea40%7D.pdf (2017);
Electoral Law n.º 36/11 of 21 December 2011 regulating General Elections, art. 2 (2), 8 (2), 100 (2): http://www.tribunalconstitucional.ao/uploads/%7Bc46fa0b3-c947-4440-ae92-5f1a3a275d8a%7D.pdf (2017)
|
2017/03/29
|
|
Anguilla
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Elections Act, art 34
|
2015/02/24
|
|
Antigua and Barbuda
|
g. Other
h. No information available
|
Source:
Representation of the People Act (2001) Sect 3.3
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/AG/antigua-and-barbuda-amendment-to-the/view
|
2014/06/05
|
|
Argentina
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Argentine citizens who, effectively and permanently residing outside the national territory, are voters in accordance with the provisions of the National Electoral Code and register in the Register of Resident Voters Abroad, may vote in national elections.
Source:
Ley N° 24007 para el voto de los argentinos en el exterior, art. 1: http://www.elecciones.gov.ar/normativa/archivos/LEY_24007.pdf (1991)
|
2021/12/26
|
|
Armenia
|
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
Source:
Electoral Code of 26 May 2011, art. 60 (1, 3): http://res.elections.am/images/doc/_ecode.pdf (2013).
|
2015/12/01
|
|
Aruba
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
National Ordinance, containing rules concerning the electoral law and the election of the members of the States of Aruba
|
2017/07/07
|
|
Australia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Source:
Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 (amended in 2019) Section 94(a): https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2019C00103/f85985f8-e256-4e11-ad31-884ed7f92224
|
2024/09/09
|
|
Austria
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Source:
Regulation on the Election of the Federal Council (1992), Art. 60
|
2012/05/29
|
|
Azerbaijan
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
47.4: The basis for including citizens of the Republic of Azerbaijan residing outside of the Republic of Azerbaijan and those who are on a long-term foreign missions or business trips in the Voters’ List, shall be the fact a person is permanently residing outside of the Republic of Azerbaijan, or the fact a voter is on a long-term business trip (as determined by the diplomatic representations or consular offices of the Republic of Azerbaijan).
Source:
Election Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan including 2024 amendments, article 29.2, 35.6 and 47.4: https://msk.gov.az/uploads/qanunvericilik/Election-Code-2024.pdf
|
2024/11/12
|
|
Bahamas
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Parliamentary Elections Act (1992)
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BS/bahamas-parliamentary-elections-act-2012/view
|
2017/03/27
|
|
Bahrain
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Any citizen eligible voter registered in the voters schedule living abroad has the right to cast his vote in referendum or election in the normal procedure or through electronic means according to the directives of the Minister of Justice and Islamic Affairs. They can vote in the Embassies, Consulates, or Diplomatic Mission.
Source:
Decree No. 14 of 2002 on Exercising Political Rights, art. 25: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/BH/bahrain-law-by-decree-on-exercising-political/view
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Bangladesh
|
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Source:
S. M. Asaduzzaman; Public Relations Officer; Bangladesh Election Commission. Email: [email protected]
The Representation of the People Order, Art. 27.
The Electoral Rolls Ordinance (1982), Art. 8
|
2012/05/30
|
|
Barbados
|
f. Diplomatic staff
|
"A person is qualified to be treated as a foreign service elector at any election in any constituency who is
(a)serving abroad as the Head of a Mission or a member of the Staff of a Mission;
(b)a member of the household of a person mentioned in paragraph (a)"
Source:
Representation of the People's Act, art. 42.
"Voting from Abroad: The International IDEA Handbook" (2007) (http://www.idea.int/publications/voting_from_abroad/index.cfm)
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Belarus
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Source:
ODIHR Election Observation Mission. Final Report. Early Parliamentary Elections 17 Nov 2019. P. 12: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/BY/belarus-early-parliamentary-elections-final-report/
|
2023/09/13
|
|
Belgium
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
(b)All Belgian citizens residing abroad, wanting to preserve their right to vote in Belgian elections, have to be enrolled in the National Register of Belgian voters residing abroad.
(c)It applies to people temporary outside the country.
Source:
The Belgian Electoral Code, Art. 180, 180-b, 180-c, 180-d, 180-e, 180-f, 180-g
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/BE/belgium-electoral-code-2014/view
|
2019/04/25
|
|
Belize
|
f. Diplomatic staff
|
It is limited to the persons employed outside Belize in any Belizean Embassy, High Commission, Diplomatic Mission or Consulate, including their spouses and dependents.
Source:
Electoral Law: “Representation of the People Act, Chapter 9”, Schedule III, Section 19: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BZ/belize-representation-of-the-people-act-2020/
|
2025/03/24
|
|
Benin
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Les citoyens résidant à l'extérieur du pays ont le droit de voter uniquement pour les élections présidentielles.
Citizens residing outside of the country have the right to vote only in presidential elections.
Source:
Law 2005-26 of 6 August 2010 regulating the election of the President of the Republic, art. 15: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-presidentielle-2011.pdf (2016);
Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 53 (2), 63 (4): http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
|
2019/04/05
|
|
Bermuda
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Elections Act, Art 40
|
2012/05/31
|
|
Bhutan
|
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
Votes may, notwithstanding anything contained in section 330, be cast by post or online by any of the following: (a) Diplomats and persons working in the Embassies of Bhutan abroad; (b) Any person on special government duty who is for the time being residing outside Bhutan for the performance of the duty; (c) Members of the Armed Forces of Bhutan; (d) Any person on election duty;(e) Civil servants; (f) Students and trainees;(g) The spouse or dependent of a person referred to in sub-sections (a) to (e), if the spouse or dependent is ordinarily residing with him/her; and (h) Any other group of voters as specified by the Election Commission in consultation with the Government.
Source:
Election Act of the Kingdom of Bhutan (2008), Chapter 17, Article 331: https://www.ecb.bt/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/ElectionActEnglish.pdf
|
2024/08/27
|
|
Bolivia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Los ciudadanos bolivianos residentes en el extranjero, podrán votar en la elección de Presidente y Vicepresidente, los referendos de alcance nacional y las revocaciones de mandato para Presidente y Vicepresidente.
Source:
Constitution: "Constitución Política del Estado", art. 27 (I):
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BO/bolivia-constitucion-politica-del-estado-2012/ (2016);
Electoral Law: “Ley del Régimen Electoral – Ley Nº 026”, art. 199:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BO/bolivia-ley-del-regimen-electoral-2012/ (2016).
|
2016/05/10
|
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
Source:
Electoral Law: Election Law of Bosnia and Herzegovina, art. 1.5, 3.15, 20.8.
https://www.izbori.ba/Documents/documents/ZAKONI/BiH_Election_Law_last_consolidated_version.pdf?v-4 (2024)
|
2025/06/26
|
|
Botswana
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
All citizens qualified to exercise the franchise, who are registered to vote and abroad on election day are entitled to vote
Source:
Electoral Act of 1968 (as amended until 2012), art. 9, 32 (1): http://www.iec.gov.bw/images/pdf/ElectoralAct.pdf (2014).
|
2014/10/28
|
|
Brazil
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Art. 225
In the elections for president and vice-president of the Republic, a voter who is abroad may vote.
§ 1 For this purpose, polling stations will be organized at the embassies and consulates-general.
§ 2 If it is necessary to set up two or more polling stations, a location where a Brazilian government service is operating may be used.
Art. 228
Up to 30 (thirty) days before the election, all Brazilian voters residing abroad must notify the Diplomatic Mission or Consulate-General of their voter status and residence, by letter, telegram, or any other means.
§ 1 With the list of these notifications and the data from the consular registration, the voting rolls will be prepared, and the voters will be notified of the time and location of the vote.
§ 2 On the day of the election, only those listed on the voting roll will be allowed to vote, along with passengers and crew members of warships and merchant ships and aircraft who are at the polling station on that day.
Art. 231
Anyone who, being obligated to vote, fails to do so will be subject, in addition to the penalties provided for voters who do not vote within the national territory, to the prohibition of requesting any document from the diplomatic office to which they are assigned, until they provide justification.
Source:
Electoral Code, Law No. 4737, of July 15, 1965, Article 225, 228, 231:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/codigo-eleitoral-1/codigo-eleitoral-lei-nb0-4.737-de-15-de-julho-de-1965
|
2024/10/12
|
|
Brunei Darussalam
|
i. Not applicable
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 23: http://publicofficialsfinancialdisclosure.worldbank.org/fdl/sites/fdl/files/assets/law-library-files/Brunei_Constitution_1959_amended%202011_EN.pdf (2013);
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bx.html
|
2013/03/18
|
|
Bulgaria
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Electoral Law: Election Code, Art. 11 (1)
http://dv.parliament.bg/DVWeb/showMaterialDV.jsp?idMat=82965 (2014)
|
2014/10/02
|
|
Burkina Faso
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
g. Other
|
Le vote à l'extérieur n'est pas organisé.
Source:
https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2011/burkina-faso
Electoral Code as amended in 2015, art. 265: http://www.ceni.bf/sites/default/files/Code_électoral_BF-Version_21.05.2015.pdf (2015)
|
2015/12/04
|
|
Burma (Myanmar)
|
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Source:
The Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law, art. 47: http://www.altsean.org/Research/2010/Resources/Laws/Pyithu%20Hluttaw%20Election%20Law.pdf (2013).
|
2015/11/17
|
|
Burundi
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Source:
Electoral Code, art. 207 - 220: https://courconstitutionnelle.gov.bi/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Code-Electoral_30092024095027.pdf
|
2025/05/08
|
|
Cambodia
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Voter is allowed to vote where he/she registered with his/her present.
Source:
Law on the Election of the Members of the National Assembly, art. 93: http://ngocedaw.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/tmp_11849-Draft-of-LEMNA-by-CNRP-CPP_March_08_2015132491924.pdf
For Overseas Khmer Citizens, Voting Requires a Costly Trip Home (2023) https://cambojanews.com/for-overseas-khmer-citizens-voting-requires-a-costly-trip-home/
|
2023/10/12
|
|
Cameroon
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Cameroonian citizens settled or residing abroad shall exercise their right to vote through their participation in the election
of the President of the Republic and in referendums.
Source:
Electoral Code Chapter X section 271: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
|
2018/11/06
|
|
Canada
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Any eligible voter who is travelling or residing outside the country during an election may vote by special mail-in ballot under the Special Voting Rules, as long as his or her absence from the country does not exceed five consecutive years. The ballots may be delivered to a Canadian mission in time for delivery to Elections Canada by 6:00 p.m. polling day, or sent directly to Elections Canada in Ottawa for 6:00 p.m. polling day.
Source:
"Voting from Abroad: The International IDEA Handbook", (2007) (http://www.idea.int/publications/voting_from_abroad/upload/Voting_from_abroad.pdf)
The Canada Elections Act, Part 9 (Voting), Part 10 (Advance Polling) & Part 11
http://laws.justice.gc.ca/PDF/E-2.01.pdf
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Cape Verde
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Electoral Law as amended by Law No 56/VII/2010, art. 186, 369, 372 (2), 373 (2), 402, 403, 409 (2): http://www.parlamento.cv/userfiles/image/site/Leis/Altera%20o%20C%C3%B3digo%20Eleitoral%20-%20texto%20integrante.pdf (2016)
|
2016/05/04
|
|
Cayman Islands
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Constitution: “Cayman Islands Constitution Order 2009”, Section 92(c): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/KY/cayman-islands-constitution-2009/ ;
Electoral Law: “Elections Act (2021 Revision)”, Section 43: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/KY/cayman-islands-elections-act-2021-revision/ ;
|
2021/12/13
|
|
Central African Republic
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Citizens overseas who have been registered at the Embassy or Consulate in the host country for at least six months can vote.
Source:
Electoral Law N° 09.016, Art. 80, 179: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Centrafrique/CODE_ELECTORAL-RCA-2-octobre-2010.pdf (2016)
|
2021/04/19
|
|
Chad
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
The voter must be registered in the electoral register and also register him/herself regularly at the embassy or consulate in the country where he/she is residing.
Source:
Law No. 020/PR/2010 establishing a National Independent Electoral Commission amended by Law No. 022/PR/2010, art. 43, 66 : http://www.iss.co.za/uploads/CHADCENI.PDF (2016)
Electoral Code 2009 -
http://publicofficialsfinancialdisclosure.worldbank.org/sites/fdl/files/assets/law-library-files/Chad_Electoral%20code_2009_fr.pdf; Art 4 (2016)
|
2019/04/23
|
|
Chile
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
The law foresees the participation of Chileans living overseas in presidential primaries, national plebiscites and presidential elections.
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley que regula el derecho a sufragio en el extranjero”:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CL/chile-ley-no.-20.960-sufragio-en-el-extranjero/
Electoral Law: Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional de Chile; “Voto de chilenos en el extranjero (2016)”: http://www.bcn.cl/leyfacil/recurso/voto-de-chilenos-en-el-extranjero
|
2025/04/01
|
|
China
|
h. No information available
|
Source:
Electoral Act, Art. 6
|
2012/06/04
|
|
Cocos (keeling) Islands
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
94.
(1) An elector who:
(a) is enrolled for a particular Subdivision of a Division; and
(b) has ceased to reside in Australia, or intends to cease to reside in Australia; and
(c) intends to resume residing in Australia (whether in that Subdivision or elsewhere) not later than 6 years after ceasing to reside in Australia;
may apply to be treated as an eligible overseas elector. The application must be in the approved form and signed by the elector, and must be made to the Electoral Commissioner.
184A.
(1) An elector may apply to the Electoral Commissioner for registration as a general postal voter for a Division.
(2) An application shall be made on one of the following grounds:
(i) the applicant is a defence member, or defence civilian, who is serving outside Australia;
(j) the applicant is an AFP officer or staff member who is serving outside Australia;
(k) the applicant is an eligible overseas elector.
Source:
Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918, as amended on 8 March 2019, section 94, 184A: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2019C00103
|
2019/07/12
|
|
Colombia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Colombian citizens are authorized to vote abroad for the election of President, members of the Senate and the seats assigned to the House of Representatives (international special circumscription).
Source:
Constitution, art. 171 (3), 176 (4): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CO/colombia-constitucion-politica-de-colombia-2014/
Electoral Code, art. 116: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CO/colombia-decreto-2241-de-1986-codigo-electoral/
|
2018/03/06
|
|
Comoros
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
LIVRE PREMIER: DISPOSITIONS COMMUNES AUX ELECTIONS POLITIQUES
https://justice.gouv.km/texte/code-electoral/?utm_
|
2025/09/30
|
|
Congo (Brazzaville)
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Congolais citizens residing outside the country must register with the embassy or consulate located in the country they are residing in.
Source:
Election law of 24 November 2001, Art. 6: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CG/congo-brazzaville-electoral-law-2001/view (2001)
|
2017/03/29
|
|
Congo (Kinshasa), Democratic Republic of the
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Electoral Law No. 11/003 of 25 June 2011, Art. 57, 59: http://www.ambardc.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=232%3Aloi-electorale-de-la-rdc&catid=50&Itemid=70 (2012);
Official Website of the Independent National Electoral Commission: http://www.ceni.gouv.cd/info.aspx?id_rubrique=3&id_page=7 (2012)
|
2012/06/28
|
|
Cook Islands
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
b.) The voter becomes ineligible to vote if she/he is absent for more four years for reasons other than study, medical referral or diplomatic duty.
Source:
Constitution: Constitution of the Cook Islands, Art. 28(2)
Electoral Act (2004), Art.65
|
2014/06/30
|
|
Costa Rica
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Los ciudadanos costarricenses podrán ejercer el derecho a emitir su voto en el extranjero para designar a quien ocupe la Presidencia y Vicepresidencia de la República, así como para manifestarse en las consultas populares de orden nacional.
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley 8765: Código Electoral (2010)”, art. 187-188: http://www.tse.go.cr/pdf/normativa/codigoelectoral.pdf (2014)
|
2014/02/05
|
|
Croatia
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Art. 7.
Voters with residence in the Republic of Croatia shall vote at polling stations in the territory
of the Republic of Croatia designated according to their place of residence.
Voters with residence in the Republic of Croatia, but who are serving in the Armed Forces of
the Republic of Croatia on election day, who are in peace operations and missions on election
day, who as members of the crews of maritime and river ships flying the Croatian flag are
outside its borders, on floating facilities within interior sea waters or territorial sea of the
Republic of Croatia, voters found in social welfare institutions and voters deprived of their
freedom, shall vote at special polling stations designated pursuant to the provisions of this Act.
Voters with residence in the Republic of Croatia, but who are outside the borders of the
Republic of Croatia on election day, shall vote for representatives of an electoral constituency
based on their residence in the territory of the Republic of Croatia at the seat of a diplomatic
mission or consular post of the Republic of Croatia, subject to prior registration or
confirmation for the purposes of voting outside the place of residence.
Source:
Electoral Law: Act on Election of Representatives to the Croatian Parliament (116/99) (consolidated wording with amendments No. 109/00 and 53/03), art. 7(2) & (3).
https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7663/file/Croatia_Parliamentary_Elections_Act_2003_am2015_en.pdf
|
2020/07/06
|
|
Cuba
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República de Cuba (2019)”: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CU/cuba-constitucion-2019-ace/ ;
Electoral Law: “Ley No. 127, Ley Electoral”: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CU/cuba-ley-electoral-127-2019-ace/
|
2023/09/13
|
|
Cyprus
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
27 (2) Para. 2 Provided that the Commissioner may, if he deems it necessary, on the basis of the existing circumstances,
to run polling stations abroad, in embassies of the Republic or elsewhere, on condition
that in any city abroad they express, in a statement they submit to it
supplementary electoral roll of the quarter preceding the date of the elections
elections, interest in exercising their electoral right there, at least thirty voters from each
which at the day of the elections will be abroad:
Source:
Electoral Law 72 of 1979 as amended, Art. 27(2) para. 2:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/CY/cyprus-electoral-law-72-1979-greek-version/ (2016);
Official website of the Central Electoral Service:
http://moi.gov.cy (2016).
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Cyprus (North)
|
h. No information available
|
|
2012/06/07
|
|
Czech Republic
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
For elections to the Senate citizens residing outside the country must return to the state to vote.
Act 275 Article 6: (5) Special voter lists shall be also kept by diplomatic missions for registering voters who:
a) reside outside the territory of the Czech Republic; each such voter shall be registered on the basis of his/her application for registration, accompanied by an original or an authenticated copy of documents confirming the applicant's identity, his/her citizenship of the Czech Republic and his/her residence within the jurisdiction of the diplomatic mission at which he/she is to be registered in the special voter list; such application must be delivered or handed to the diplomatic mission no later than 40 days before the election date; or
(b) vote at the diplomatic mission with their absentee voting certificate.
Source:
Electoral Law: Act of Law 247/1995 Coll., on elections to the Parliament of the Czech Republic (amended by 480/2006 Coll.), art. 6.
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/CZ/czech-republic-act-no.-247-on-elections-to-the/view (2017)
(5) Special voter lists shall be also kept by diplomatic missions for registering voters who:
a) reside outside the territory of the Czech Republic; each such voter shall be registered on the basis of his/her application for registration, accompanied by an original or an authenticated copy of documents confirming the applicant's identity, his/her citizenship of the Czech Republic and his/her residence within the jurisdiction of the diplomatic mission at which he/she is to be registered in the special voter list; such application must be delivered or handed to the diplomatic mission no later than 40 days before the election date; or
(b) vote at the diplomatic mission with their absentee voting certificate.
|
2023/09/18
|
|
Côte d'Ivoire
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Electoral Law n° 2000-514 of 1 August 2000, art. 3: http://www.gouv.ci/doc/textes_fondamentaux/Code%20Electoral.pdf (2012)
|
2012/12/14
|
|
Denmark
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
b) Danish voters living abroad as well as Danish Voters temporarily abroad can cast an advance vote at any Danish dipolmatic or consular mission.
g) Danish sailors and passengers on board Danish ships in foreign waters and persons employed at Danish off-shore installations may vote in advance on board the ship at the off-shore installation.
Source:
Parliamentary Election Act of Denmark, Ch.1, P.8, Art.58(1)
Parliamentary Elections and Election Administration in Denmark, Ch.4, Art. 2(2)
|
2019/05/27
|
|
Djibouti
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Article 4: The exercise of the right of suffrage is subject to the prior registration on an electoral list of the administrative district where the domicile or residence is located, except as otherwise provided in this law. Djiboutians residing abroad must, in order to be electors: - to be registered at the consulate or embassy of the Republic of Djibouti in the country of their residence; - be registered on the electoral list of the embassy to which the country of residence belongs.
Article 47:
Every elector, registered on the electoral list of the district, is entitled to take part in the vote in the office to which he is attached, unless he is detained in a penitentiary institution or interned in a public institution of insane. However, subject to the control of their identity card, of their voter's card and of their mission title, are allowed to vote outside their place of registration, the civil servants, the military and the magistrates on mission and all other people traveling for service.
Source:
Electoral Law n° 1/ AN /92 regulating elections, as amended by Organic Law n ° L 11/AN/02/4, art. 4, 47:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/DJ/djibouti-loi-electorale-avec-modifications-2002/view
|
2018/04/02
|
|
Dominica
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Dominican Republic
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
La ley electoral prevé la posibilidad de que los dominicanos residentes en el exterior puedan votar para elegir presidente, pero las disposiciones estarán sujetas a la aprobación de la Junta Central Electoral (JCE). El voto desde el exterior se implementó por primera vez en las elecciones presidenciales de 2008.
Source:
Constitution: Constitución de la República Dominicana (2010) art. 81 (3):
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DO/republica-dominicana-constitucion-politica-de-la/ (2016);
Electoral Law: "Ley Electoral 275 - 97", art. 82, 83: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DO/ley-electoral-no.-275-97-y-sus-modificaciones (2016);
Law No. 136-11 regulating voting from abroad, art. 2: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DO/republica-dominicana-ley-no.-136-11-que-regula-el/ (2016).
|
2016/02/29
|
|
Ecuador
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Ecuadorians abroad have the right to elect the President and Vice-President of the Republic, members of parliament representing Ecuadorian nationals abroad.
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República del Ecuador”, art. 63: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/EC/ecuador-constitucion-2020/ ;
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica Electoral y de Organizaciones Políticas de la República del Ecuador, Código de la Democracia”, art. 11, 13: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/EC/ecuador-codigo-democracia-2023/
|
2023/03/30
|
|
Egypt
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Decree of the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt, by Law No.45 of 2014, on the Issuance of Law for regulating the Exercise of Some Political Rights, art. 50: http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Templates/Articles/tmpArticles.aspx?ArtID=78396#.ViELw_lVhHw (2014);
Legislative Decree No. 130 of 2011 concerning the Egyptians living abroad vote: http://www.elections.eg/images/pdfs/laws/OCVoting2011-130.pdf (2013).
|
2025/09/23
|
|
El Salvador
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Law on Out of Country Voting: “Decreto No. 273 — Ley especial para el ejercicio del voto desde el exterior en las elecciones presidenciales”, art. 1 & 4: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/SV/el-salvador-ley-especial-voto-exterior-2018/
|
2021/01/29
|
|
Equatorial Guinea
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Law No. 7/2012 of 16 November 2012 regulating elections to the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, municipal elections and referenda
|
2013/04/09
|
|
Eritrea
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Source:
Elections Act, art. 52
|
2011/06/22
|
|
Estonia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
§ 49. Preparation for voting
(1) Voting in a foreign state for voters permanently residing in the foreign state and voters temporarily staying there shall be organised by foreign missions of Estonia.
Source:
Electoral Law: Riigikogu Election Act as last amended on 13 April 2016, ch. 8.
|
2019/02/20
|
|
Ethiopia
|
h. No information available
|
g) no provision.
Source:
Electoral Law as amended by Proclamation No. 532/2007, art. 7 (21) http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ET/ethiopia-proclamatio-no.-532-2007-amending-the/view
|
2015/05/18
|
|
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Voting outside the country is allowed only for citizens at an address in the United Kingdom.
Source:
Electoral Law: “Electoral Ordinance 1988”, Section 23(3c), 23A: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/FK/falkland-islands-electoral-ordinance-1988/ ;
|
2022/04/19
|
|
Fiji
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Via Postal Voting provisions
(7) An application for registration in the Register of Postal Voters may only be made on one of the following grounds— (a) the applicant is living outside of Fiji or will be outside of Fiji on the polling day; (b)because of serious illness or infirmity, the applicant is unable to travel from his or her place of living to his or her assigned polling station; (c) the applicant is under pre-trial detention or sentence of imprisonment; (d) because of the applicant’s religious beliefs or membership of a religious order, he or she— (i) is precluded from attending a polling station; or (ii) for the greater part of the hours of polling is precluded from attending a polling station; or (e) because the applicant will be away from his or her usual place of residence and in a place not convenient to his or her assigned polling station due to work commitments on the polling day. (8) An application under this section must be accompanied by a statutory declaration by the applicant.
Source:
Electoral Decree No. 11 of 2014, sec. 67 (7): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/FJ/fiji-electoral-decree-no.-11-of-2014/at_download/file (2014).
|
2018/04/20
|
|
Finland
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Section 46 — Right to vote in advance
Every enfranchised person is entitled to vote in advance in the general advance voting polling stations in Finland and in the Finnish diplomatic missions abroad.
Source:
Election Act 714/1998 as amended, Section 46
http://www.legislationline.org/documents/action/popup/id/5672
|
2019/04/02
|
|
France
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Decree of 20 July 2007 containing various provisions relating to electoral lists and electoral operations abroad;
Official Website of the Ministry of Interior: http://vosdroits.service-public.fr/particuliers/F11257.xhtml (2012);
Electoral Code, Art. R176-3, R176-4
https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichCode.do;jsessionid=9B64B63FCBA694B62F4DC7D7DCC0F066.tplgfr23s_1?cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006070239&dateTexte=20200617
|
2020/06/20
|
|
French Guiana
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2007/01/10
|
|
French Polynesia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Electoral Code, Article L.12, L.14.
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Gabon
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Citizens residing outside the country and registered on the Electoral List and only for presidential election and referandum
Source:
Law No. 7/96 of 12 March 1996 establishing common rules for all political elections, with all the subsequent amendments, art. 36, 59;
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GA/gabon-code-electoral-2005/view (2017)
Official Website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Gabon: http://www.affaires-etrangeres.gouv.ga/16-informations/335-gabonais-de-l-etranger/ (2017)
|
2025/05/14
|
|
Gambia
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
The law provides for it but it has never been implemented yet. The commission provides the register to citizens living abroad to register for election but they have to travel to Gambia to do so.
Source:
Elections Decree 78 of 1996: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GM/gambia-elections-decree-78-of-1996/view (2017)
|
2017/03/21
|
|
Georgia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
d. Members of the armed forces
f. Diplomatic staff
|
The voters who are staying abroad on the polling day and who are registered with a consular office of Georgia, voters who are registered abroad but are not registered with a consular office of Georgia, and voters who are not registered with a consular office of Georgia and are not registered abroad but will go through electoral registration not later than the 19 day before the Election Day in a PEC set up abroad, at a diplomatic mission of Georgia abroad or in a consular office of Georgia.
Military and special rank personnel from various Georgian ministries and security services, whose service or health conditions require them to be at a different address from their registered place, will have their lists compiled by their commanders or heads and submitted to the appropriate DECs
Source:
The Election Code of Georgia, art. 32:
https://matsne.gov.ge/en/document/view/1557168?publication=8
|
2024/07/24
|
|
Germany
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
(2) Provided the other conditions are fulfilled, Germans as defined in Article 116 paragraph
(1) of the Basic Law who are resident in other territories outside the Federal Republic of Germany on the day of election shall also be eligible to vote provided that,
1. after reaching the age of fourteen years, they had a domicile or were otherwise permanently resident in the Federal Republic of Germany for an uninterrupted period of at least three months and this stay dates back not more than 25 years or
2. for other reasons, they have become familiar, personally and directly, with the political situation in the Federal Republic of Germany and are affected by it.
Source:
Article 116 of the Basic Law (GG)
https://www.gesetze-im-internet.de/englisch_gg/englisch_gg.pdf
Sections 12, 13 of the Federal Elections Act (BWG)
https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/en/dam/jcr/4ff317c1-041f-4ba7-bbbf-1e5dc45097b3/bundeswahlgesetz_engl.pdf
|
2025/03/06
|
|
Ghana
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
A registered voter who is absent from the constituency and will be unable to vote on polling day may not less than forty-two days before the poll in the constituency apply to the returning officer of the constituency or to the Commission for the name of the registered voter to be entered on the proxy list.The Public Elections Regulations, art. 25
Source:
The Public Elections Regulations (2016), art. 25: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GH/ghana-public-elections-regulations-2016/
|
2016/10/05
|
|
Gibraltar
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
g. Other
|
"33. (1) Notwithstanding any other provision of these rules, where not later than six days before the date of the election, an elector so requests and satisfies the returning officer bit the production of a medical certificate by a duly qualified medical practitioner, that by reason of physical infirmity he will be unable to leave his place of abode to go to a polling station on the date of that election, that elector may in accordance with this rule, on the date of that election during the hours specified in rule 4, vote at his place of abode instead of voting at a polling station."
"34. (1) Notwithstanding any other provision of these rules, an elector who, owing to his temporary absence from Gibraltar is unable or likely to be unable to go in person to the polling station on the day of the poll, may after publication of the prescribed notice apply to the returning officer to be registered in the list of postal voters."
Source:
Election Rules, Part III, Article 33(1), 34(1)
https://www.gibraltarlaws.gov.gi/articles/1950.07.20-1.pdf
|
2019/11/04
|
|
Greece
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
a) Voting outside the country is permitted only in case of EP elections.
Source:
Constitution, Art. 51:4;
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Greece_2008?lang=en
Ministry of Interior: http://www.ypes.gr/el/Elections/FAQs/
|
2015/02/09
|
|
Greenland
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Source:
Parliamentary Election Act of Denmark, Ch.1, P.8, Art.58(1) Parliamentary Elections and Election Administration in Denmark, Ch.4, Art. 2(2)
|
2012/06/14
|
|
Grenada
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Electoral Law, art 33.
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Guadeloupe
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2007/01/14
|
|
Guam
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
Electors may vote absentee if they are unable to physically go to the polls on the Election Day because of the conduct of his or her business or necessary travel; illness or physical disability; service in the Armed Forces or Merchant Marine of the United States; employment with the government of Guam; attendance at an institution of learning; employment in the service of the United States or any federal agency; or accompanying a spouse who is engaged in any activity listed herein.
Source:
3 Guam Code 10101:
http://www.guamcourts.org/CompilerofLaws/GCA/03gca/3gc010.PDF
|
2020/10/28
|
|
Guatemala
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley Electoral y de Partidos Políticos”, art. 12: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/GT/guatemala-lepp-y-reglamentos-2023/ ;
Out-of-Country Voting Regulations: “Reglamento de Voto en el Extranjero”, art. 2: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/GT/guatemala-lepp-y-reglamentos-2023/
|
2023/05/30
|
|
Guinea
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Electoral Code No. 91/012/CTRN, art. 11: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GN/guinea-constitution-2010-english-version/
|
2017/01/26
|
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Voting outside the country only for legislative elections.
Source:
Electoral Law of 11 November 2009 on the election of the President of the Republic and the National People's Assembly ("Lei Eleitoral Para Presidente da República e Assembleia Nacional Popular"), art. 7 (2): http://www.cne-guinebissau.org/phocadownload/lei_eleitoral.pdf (2012)
|
2014/06/24
|
|
Guyana
|
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Source:
Representation of the People Act, art 44
|
2015/05/11
|
|
Haiti
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Electoral Law: http://www.presidence.ht/loi_electorale/ (2013)
|
2015/04/08
|
|
Holy See (Vatican City State)
|
h. No information available
|
|
2012/05/14
|
|
Honduras
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Hondurans abroad have the right to elect the President and Vice-President of the Republic.
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley Electoral de Honduras”, art. 80: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/HN/honduras-ley-electoral-2021-con-reformas-2021/ ;
Law for Voting Abroad: “Ley especial para el ejercicio del sufragio de los hondureños en el exterior (2001)”: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/HN/honduras-ley-especial- voto-en-el-exterior-2001/
|
2025/08/07
|
|
Hong Kong
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
28.(1) A natural person is not eligible to be registered as an elector in the register of geographical constituencies unless, at the time of applying for registration, the person satisfies the Electoral Registration Officer-
(a) that the person ordinarily resides in Hong Kong; and
(b) that the residential address notified in the person's application for registration is the person's only or
principal residence in Hong Kong.
Source:
Legislative Council Ordinance, Sec.28: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/HK/hong-kong-legislative-council-ordinance-cap-542
|
2021/06/07
|
|
Hungary
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Source:
Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (last modified by Act CCVII of 2013), Sections 258 & 259: http://njt.hu/cgi_bin/njt_doc.cgi?docid=159995.329468.
|
2018/07/30
|
|
Iceland
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Source:
Parliamentary Elections Act, Art. 58-60
https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/3897/file/Iceland_Act_Parliamentary_Elections_to_Althing_2000_en.pdf
|
2020/07/27
|
|
India
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Source:
The guide for Overseas Indian Electors: https://www.ceogoa.nic.in/pdf/SVEEP/A%20guide%20for%20overseas%20elector%20How%20do%20I%20Vote.pdf
Representation of the People Act, 1951, Sec.60: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
The Conduct of Election Rules 1961: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/%282%29%20THE%20CONDUCT%20OF%20ELECTION%20RULES%2C%201961.pdf
|
2024/09/11
|
|
Indonesia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Article 41 concerns establishing voter registry lists for overseas citizens while Article 158 concerns the actual voting process for Indonesian citizens residing overseas.
Source:
Law 8/2012 on General Election of the Members of House of Representatives, People’s Representatives Council and Regional House of Representatives, Art. 41, 158: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/ID/indonesia-law-8-2012-on-general-election-of-the/view
|
2024/02/07
|
|
Iran, Islamic Republic of
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
c) Applies to presidential elections.
Source:
IFES: "Duality By Design: The Iranian Electoral System" (2011). Electoral Management Bodies https://www.sssup.it/UploadDocs/14620_2_R_Duality_by_Design__The_Iranian_Electoral_System_Yasmin_Alem.pdf
|
2024/11/19
|
|
Iraq
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
b) Only allowed for parliamentary elections.
Source:
Regulation No. 20, The System of Iraqi OCV of the Iraqi COR, Section 2: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/IQ/iraq-regulation-no.-20-the-system-of-iraqi-ocv-of/view
|
2018/04/19
|
|
Ireland
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Source:
Electoral Acts 1992 - 2011, Art. 14
https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1992/act/23/enacted/en/print
Constitution Art. 12: https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/cons/en/html
|
2024/11/21
|
|
Israel
|
d. Members of the armed forces
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
g) Merchant navy crews.
Source:
Dr. Susan Hattis Rolef, The Knesset Research and Information Center
http://www.knesset.gov.il/elections18/heb/about/ElectionsAbroad.aspx
|
2019/06/13
|
|
Italy
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Constitution, Αrt. 56 and 57
Electoral Law of 27 December 2001, n.459, Art. 5
|
2020/07/18
|
|
Jamaica
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
IFE 2006.
|
2025/09/22
|
|
Japan
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
Source:
Public Offices Election Act, Art.49:
https://elaws.e-gov.go.jp/search/elawsSearch/elaws_search/lsg0500/detail?lawId=325AC1000000100#1
|
2019/07/10
|
|
Jordan
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
|
2016/08/05
|
|
Kazakhstan
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
1. The voter registers shall include:
5) at the polling stations formed in the representative offices of Republic in foreign states – all citizens who live or are in continuous business trip in the corresponding foreign state and who have valid passports of the Republic’s citizens. The citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan arriving in foreign states by private invitations, to business and tourist trips shall be enrolled in the voter register upon their application to the precinct election commission and submission of a valid passport of the citizen of the Republic.
7. The registers of voters, who are military servicemen in the military units as well as members of their families and other voters living in the locations of military units, shall be compiled on the basis of the data submitted by commanders of the military units. (Constitutional Law on Elections in the RK, Art. 24,7)
Source:
Constitutional Law on Elections of the Republic of Kazakhstan as amended on June 29, 2018, art. 23: https://www.election.gov.kz/eng/election-legal-framework/the-laws-of-the-rk.php
|
2024/10/24
|
|
Kenya
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
d. Members of the armed forces
f. Diplomatic staff
|
unspecified
Source:
Constitution of Kenya Article 82(1)and 83(1)
|
2024/12/06
|
|
Kiribati
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Constitution
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Kiribati_2013
Elections Ordinance
http://www.paclii.org/ki/legis/consol_act/eo167.pdf
|
2020/05/02
|
|
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
International IDEA research, January 2007
|
2007/02/02
|
|
Korea, Republic of
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Any person staying or living in a foreign country shall make a report via a mission:
1. Any person who leaves Korea before the commencement date of the period for early voting and is
scheduled to return home after the election day;
2. Any person who will not return home until the election day because he/she stays or lives in a foreign
country
Source:
Public Official Election Act, Article 218: https://www.nec.go.kr/site/eng/ex/bbs/List.do?cbIdx=1280
|
2024/08/28
|
|
Kuwait
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Kuwait Times Official website: http://news.kuwaittimes.net/2012/11/20/no-voting-facilities-for-kuwaitis-staying-abroad-students-patients-affected/ (2013)
|
2013/01/18
|
|
Kyrgyzstan
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Source:
Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 2 (2), 13 (2), 14 (6: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
|
2025/05/07
|
|
Lao People's Democratic Republic
|
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
g) Only for state officials / government employees
Source:
Law No. 37/PO on the Election of Members of the National Assembly: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LA/Lao-People2019s-Democratic-Republic-Law-on/view
|
2021/02/28
|
|
Latvia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Source:
Electoral Law: The Saeima Election Law as in force on 19 July 2014, art. 43: http://cvk.lv/pub/public/30870.html?doc_print=1 (2014)
|
2014/10/09
|
|
Lebanon
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Voters outside of Lebanon are entitled to the same privileges stipulated in Articles 1 and 2 of this article, at Lebanese embassies and consulates abroad, who in turn shall immediately refer them to the Directorate General of Personal Status by the Foreign Ministry. The Director General of Personal Status will then immediately refer the files to the relevant registration committees to take the proper measures.
Source:
Lebanese Elections Law art. 34: https://www.ministryinfo.gov.lb/en/22598
|
2024/11/20
|
|
Lesotho
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
f. Diplomatic staff
|
“Public officer employed in the service of the Government of Lesotho in another country; is the dependent or employee of such an officer; a public officer that will be out of Lesotho on official duty on the elections day; is a candidate or agent; will be carrying out official elections duties; will be performing the functions of an elections observer, journalist, medical personnel or security personnel on the elections day.”
Source:
National Assembly Electoral Act (2011), Article 73
|
2017/07/19
|
|
Liberia
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Voting outside of the country is not strictly prohibited, but it is not provided for within the electoral law and does not transpire.
Source:
The New Elections Law (2016, with amendments up until and including 2014), Art. 31 and 5.2, http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/LR/liberia-amended-electoral-laws-2014/view
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
The Commission will set dates and special procedures for voting system to the Libyan lives abroad, where the Commission deems it possible, logistically and security wise, to carry out such elections.
Source:
Law No. 4 on the Election of the General National Congress, Art. 4 and 29. (National Transitional Council of Libya): (Eng) http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/LY/libya-law-no.-4-of-2012-on-the-election-of-the-e/view (Arabic) http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/LY/libya-law-no.-4-of-2012-on-the-election-of-the/view
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Liechtenstein
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Voters studying or on short visits abroad retain their voting rights and can request voting materials to be mailed to them by the communes.
Source:
OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights, Pricipality of Liechtenstein, Parliamentary Elections 7 February 2021, Needs Assessment Mission Report, 2020 (7)
https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/a/f/473469.pdf
|
2025/02/18
|
|
Lithuania
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
Source:
Republic of Lithuania, Law on Elections to the Seimas (9 July 1992 No I-2721, as last amended on 22 March 2016 – No XII-2265)
art. 69, 70, 72
|
2020/06/05
|
|
Luxembourg
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
The following individuals may also be eligible to vote by correspondence in legislative elections:
a) Voters who, for duly justified professional or personal reasons, are unable to appear in person at their assigned polling station;
b) Luxembourgers residing abroad.
Source:
Electoral law, Art. 1(2), 168: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/68/Luxembourg_electoral%20code_2003_amended2016_FR.pdf
|
2024/11/21
|
|
Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
113a(1) The voters who are temporarily employed or residing abroad on Election Day shall
vote at the DCOs or consular offices of the Republic of Macedonia abroad, one day
prior to the Election Day in the Republic of Macedonia.
Source:
Electoral Code of the Republic of Macedonia including 2021 amendments, article 113-a: https://www.ifes.org/document/northmacedoniaelectoralcodeupdatesseptember2021pdf
|
2024/11/19
|
|
Madagascar
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Organic Law n° 2012-005 on the Electoral Code, art. 84: http://mdm-national.mg/bureau/textes-reglementaires/textes-reglementaires/ (2013)
|
2013/02/11
|
|
Malawi
|
h. No information available
|
|
2012/02/03
|
|
Malaysia
|
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
e) Students and their spouses studying abroad.
g) Government Officials and their spouses working abroad.
Source:
Official Press Release of the Election Commission: http://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=el&ie=UTF8&prev=_t&rurl=translate.google.com&sl=ms&tl=en&u=http://www.spr.gov.my/images/stories/pdf/KENYATAAN_PTH.pdf&usg=ALkJrhh8XCuSjKGUdaGi-1-rqmPuDhXIwQ (2013)
|
2013/03/21
|
|
Maldives
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
This is verified only for 2009 elections.
Source:
Report of the Commonwealth Expert Team on the Maldives 2009 Parliamentary Elections, p. 16: https://www.elections.gov.mv/en/core/downloads/Elections%20General%20Act%202008.pdf (2013)
|
2019/02/15
|
|
Mali
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Article 28 du Code Electoral.
Verified by Mamadou Seck, Forum Civil, [email protected], 2008-02-20
|
2008/03/28
|
|
Malta
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
General Elections Act, Art. 64: http://www.parlament.mt/general_election_act?l=1 (2012);
Official Website of the Election Commission: http://www.electoral.gov.mt/news.aspx?x=%2bhwnTRj%2bVUDs1xscjoUF65FS%2bjFGLPzPyCF2q%2fl2MYjvfC0sBnSHGQ%2bFSQM6vw0WZLib0jtkNylTIpL4RIBsIIHGlyPNrA4RcYk54dcBqR6RqojTApwuxQ%3d%3d (2013)
|
2013/01/18
|
|
Marshall Islands
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Source:
Elections and Referenda Act, as amended, sec. 161.
|
2012/06/27
|
|
Martinique
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2007/01/14
|
|
Mauritania
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Given the need to respect the principle of direct election of representatives, and in an effort to involve communities abroad in choosing their representatives in Parliament, which will improve their framework and connection to the homeland
and their contribution to its development, the two parties agreed to work on:
- Enabling our communities abroad to directly elect their representatives, and work will be done on the mechanisms that guarantee this vote in areas where it is possible from a logistical, technical and procedural point of view in the horizon of the next elections, in coordination between the Independent National Election Commission, the government and political parties.
Source:
Organic Law No. 2012 - 033 amending certain provisions of the Organic Law n ° 2009-022 of 2 April 2009 laying down special provisions relating to voting of Mauritanians living abroad, art. 1;
Results of the consultation between the Ministry of Interior and Decentralization and political parties on the participatory and consensual preparation for the 2023 parliamentary, regional and municipal elections
|
2024/10/28
|
|
Mauritius
|
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
Public Officer undertaking duties on behalf of the Government of Mauritius.
Family members of such diplomats and public officers are entitled to vote outside the country.
Source:
Electoral Law: National Assembly Elections Regulations, sec. 38 & 39
|
2012/02/25
|
|
Mexico
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Electoral Law: "Ley General de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales", art. 329: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/MX/mexico-lgipe-2024/
|
2024/04/12
|
|
Micronesia, Federated States of
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Any citizen eligible voter registered in the voters schedule living abroad has the right to cast his vote in referendum or election in the normal procedure or through electronic means according to the directives of the Minister of Justice and Islamic Affairs. They can vote in the Embassies, Consulates, or Diplomatic Mission.
Source:
Decree No. 14 of 2002 on Exercising Political Rights, art. 25: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/BH/bahrain-law-by-decree-on-exercising-political/view
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Moldova, Republic of
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Article 2. Principles of Participation in Elections
(3) Moldovan citizens residing out of the country shall enjoy full voting rights under the present Code.
Diplomatic and consular missions are required to provide proper environment so that these citizens may enjoy
the right of suffrage.
Article 31. Peculiarities of Establishing and Operating Polling Stations and Precinct Electoral
Bureaus Abroad
(1) All polling stations established abroad shall operate in compliance with the peculiarities referred to
in this Code.
(2) In parliamentary, presidential elections and republican referenda, one or more polling stations shall
be established within the diplomatic missions and consular offices of the Republic of Moldova for voters who
are abroad on the Election Day.
(3) Besides the polling stations referred to in paragraph (2), polling stations can be also organised in
other localities, with the consent of competent authorities of the respective country. The organisation of
these polling stations is carried out by the Central Electoral Commission, at the proposal of the Government,
in co-operation with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and European Integration and with other central public
administration authorities
Source:
Electoral Code of The Republic of Moldova 2019, Article 2:3, 31: 1-3
|
2021/03/31
|
|
Monaco
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
e. Students
|
Source:
Law 839 regulating communal and national elections, as amended in 2002, Art. 43 bis; https://legimonaco.mc/tnc/loi/1968/02-23-839/
Decree no. 927 of 23/01/2007 laying down detailed rules for proxy voting, Art. 12
|
2023/09/13
|
|
Mongolia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
88.1. Polling in a foreign country shall be held in polling stations set up by the subcommission from 07:00 a.m. until 22:00 (8:00 p.m.) by the foreign country’s local time on the
polling day set by the State Great Hural.
Source:
Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 88 : https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
|
2020/02/17
|
|
Montenegro
|
h. No information available
|
IFES: Only citizens who are currently in Montenegro at the time of the elections may vote. Montenegrin citizens who live abroad may only vote in person by returning to the country for Election Day.
Venice Commission: 18. There are, for example, 12 countries where no legal provisions have been enacted to organise voting for their nationals abroad or where the right to vote has only been granted to a very restricted category of people. These countries are: Albania, Armenia, Chile, Cyprus, Greece, Ireland, Israel, Malta, Montenegro, San Marino and Turkey.
Article 88: Voters staying abroad shall cast their votes at polling stations in the area of their last place of permanent residence in the territory of Montenegro before they went abroad.
Source:
Elections in Montenegro 2016 Parliamentary Elections
Frequently Asked Questions (IFES) pp. 2
http://www.ifes.org/sites/default/files/2016_ifes_montenegro_parliamentary_elections_faqs.pdf
EUROPEAN COMMISSION FOR DEMOCRACY THROUGH LAW (VENICE COMMISSION) DRAFT REPORT ON OUT-OF-COUNTRY VOTING (2011) pp. 5
http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL(2011)027-e
LAW ON ELECTION OF COUNCILLORS AND MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT, as amended 2016, art. 88
http://www.legislationline.org/topics/country/57/topic/6
|
2021/12/25
|
|
Morocco
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Article 72 (Translation): Voters registered on the general electoral lists residing outside the territory of the Kingdom can vote by proxy.
Source:
Organic Law No. 27.11 relating to the House of Representatives, Article 72 (2011): http://www.sgg.gov.ma/Portals/0/lois/Loi_27-11_Fr.pdf
|
2022/08/02
|
|
Mozambique
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Citizens who reside and have been registered abroad can exercise their voting rights at their Republic of Mozambique embassies and consulates.
Source:
Law No. 8/2013 of 27 February 2013 regulating presidential and legislative elections (as amended by Law No. 12/2014), art. 10 (2), 11: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/MZ/Mozambique-Law-No.-12-2014-of-13-April-2014/view (2014).
|
2024/12/04
|
|
Namibia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
The Electoral Commission may establish voting stations outside Namibia for Presidential or National Assembly elections.
Source:
Electoral Law: Electoral Act,art. 73(2A)
|
2012/02/25
|
|
Nauru
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Possible for all citizens abroad.
Source:
Electoral Act, as amended, Sec. 44; Report of the Pacific Islands Forum Election Observer Mission to the April 2010 Nauru General Elections (http://www.forumsec.org.fj/resources/uploads/attachments/documents/Forum_Election_Observer_Report_Nauru_2010.pdf)
|
2019/07/12
|
|
Nepal
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
|
2018/04/06
|
|
Netherlands
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
g. Other
|
In an election to the House of Representatives, a voter who has his actual place of residence outside the Netherlands on nomination day or who will be outside the Netherlands on polling day on account of his profession or work or on account of the profession or work of his spouse, partner or parent, shall, at his request, be allowed to vote by post in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.
Source:
Act of 28 September 1989 containing new provisions governing the franchise and elections (Elections Act): B6, J4a, J5, M, L, K;
http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/research/Netherlands/Netherlands_Elections%20Act_1989am2009.pdf
|
2022/08/02
|
|
New Caledonia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Electoral Code, Article L.12 and L.14.
|
2009/07/05
|
|
New Zealand
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
You can vote from overseas if you are enrolled and are a citizen who has visited the country within the last three years, you are a permanent resident and have visited the country within the last 12 months, you are a (or family member of a) public servant working overseas, you are a (or family member of a) state diplomat or trade representative, or you are a (or family member of a) member of the New Zealand Defense Force.
Source:
https://vote.nz/overseas/enrol-and-vote-from-overseas/vote-from-overseas/
|
2024/09/04
|
|
Nicaragua
|
g. Other
|
Nicaraguan citizens outside of the country or living abroad are supposed to have the right to vote in the election for President and Vice-president, national deputies and Central American Parliament deputies, following the same model as within the nation; however, this is yet to take place in practice.
Source:
Electoral Law No. 331 (as amended by law No. 790 of 23/05/2012), art. 122: http://legislacion.asamblea.gob.ni/SILEG/Gacetas.nsf/5eea6480fc3d3d90062576e300504635/e2ad62ab83ae684406257a08006aebbe/$FILE/Ley%20No.%20790.pdf (2012);
EU EOM Final Report, General and Parlacen Elections in Nicaragua, 2011: http://www.eueom.eu/files/dmfile/moeue-nicaragua-final-report-22022012_en.pdf (2012)
|
2016/06/07
|
|
Niger
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Possible to vote only in presidential elections and referendums.
Source:
Ordinance No. 2010-96 of 28 December 2010 establishing the Electoral Code, art. 26 (3): http://www.electionpassport.com/files/Niger-Electoral-Code-2010.pdf (2016)
|
2016/05/03
|
|
Nigeria
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
|
2024/12/06
|
|
Niue
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Constitution; Niue Assembly Act 1966, as amended.
|
2014/06/23
|
|
Northern Mariana Islands
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
d. Members of the armed forces
|
A person otherwise qualified to vote may submit his registration affidavit by mail so long as the registration affidavit is signed and notarized by a commissioned notary public licensed by the state or jurisdiction that the voter resides in or for those eligible voters who are serving in a branch of the United States Armed Forces, to include their eligible voter spouses and eligible voter children, by a commissioned officer of the United States authorized to administer an oath
Source:
https://www.votecnmi.gov.mp/downloads/CEC_Regulation.pdf
Election commission regulations, section 30-10-210 (a)
|
2024/12/11
|
|
Norway
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Are permitted to vote as long as they are registered in the Norwegian National Population Register prior to elections.
Source:
Constitution, Art 50: http://www.stortinget.no/en/In-English/About-the-Storting/The-Constitution/The-Constitution/ (2012);
The Election Act, Ch. 8, Art. 8-1: http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/KRD/Kampanjer/valgportal/Regelverk/Representation_of_the_People_Act170609.pdf (2012);
Representation of the People Regulations, Ch. 6, Art. 28: http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/KRD/Kampanjer/valgportal/Regelverk/Regulations_2003_EN_170609.pdf (2012)
|
2012/05/22
|
|
Oman
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
The Ministry of Interior has announced the launch of a remote voting system for Omanis abroad.
The system will allow citizens who are not in Oman to cast votes in the elections of members of Majlis A’Shura for the 9th Term.
This is intended to facilitate the process of vote casting for such citizens.
With this new system in place there will be no voting centres at some embassies as used to be in the earlier election of Majlis A’Shura.
The new system operates through application for smart mobile phones using SIM cards of telecommunication companies operating in the Sultanate.
These cards must be enhanced with electronic authentication / attestation.
The Ministry at a later stage would clarify aspects and procedures of this system.
The Ministry has urged the voters who would avail from this system to activate the system in their SIM cards.
Source:
https://timesofoman.com/article/1603117/Oman/Government/Remote-voting-for-Omanis-abroad-in-Majlis-Al-Shura-polls
Inter-parliamentary Union: "OMAN Majles A'Shura (Consultative Council)" Legal Framework http://www.ipu.org/parline/reports/2378.htm (2015)
|
2025/05/12
|
|
Pakistan
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
The Commission may conduct pilot projects for voting by Overseas Pakistanis in Bye-elections to
ascertain the technical efficacy, secrecy, security and financial feasibility of such voting and shall share the results with the Government, which shall, within fifteen days from the commencement of a session of a House after the receipt of
the report, lay the same before both Houses of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament).
Source:
Election Act including 2023 amendments, art. 94: https://ecp.gov.pk/storage/files/2/Elections%20Act%202017%20updated/Updated%20Elections%20Act%202017-231011-105435.pdf
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Palau
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Electors who will be away, giving three days notice.
Source:
Voting Rights Act of 1981, as amended, Sec. 1521 (23 PNCA §1521).
|
2016/11/09
|
|
Palestine
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Elections Law 2 September 2007 regulating general elections, art. 30 (4): http://www.elections.ps/Portals/0/pdf/Election_Law_%282007-Sept_02%29-EN.pdf (2013)
|
2013/04/09
|
|
Panama
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Out-of-country votes are only cast for presidential elections.
Source:
Electoral Code: “Código Electoral”, art. 12: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PA/panama-codigo-electoral-2023/
|
2024/12/06
|
|
Papua New Guinea
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Any citizen residing outside of the country may vote
Source:
Organic Law on National and Local-level Government Elections, Section 98 (1.e): http://www.paclii.org/pg/legis/consol_act/olonalge519/ (2017)
|
2017/03/16
|
|
Paraguay
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Constitution: “Constitución Nacional de la República del Paraguay”, art. 120: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PY/constitucion/Paraguay%20%281992%29.pdf/ (1992)
|
2023/03/30
|
|
Peru
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Electoral Law No. 26859 as amended by Law N° 29403 of 08-09-2009, Art 224:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PE/leyes-electorales/peru-ley-26859-organica-de-elecciones-2011/ (2016)
|
2016/02/18
|
|
Philippines
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Registered as an oversea absentee voter
Source:
Republic Act No. 9189, "The Overseas Absentee Voting Act of 2003," Sec. 4: http://www.comelec.gov.ph/?r=References/RelatedLaws/ElectionLaws/OAV/RA9189 (20136); AMENDED BY Republic Act No. 10590: http://www.comelec.gov.ph/?r=References/RelatedLaws/ElectionLaws/OAV/RA10590 (2016)
|
2016/05/11
|
|
Pitcairn Islands
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
f. Diplomatic staff
|
"[18. A person who intends to be temporarily absent from the Island at the time of the election and who would if present be entitled to vote may, in accordance with the following conditions, apply for appointment of a named person as his or her proxy to cast a vote on election day on his or her behalf:
(a) The application for appointment of a proxy must be made in the form set out as appendix 1 to this
(b) The person sought to be appointed as proxy must
be on the Register of Voters.
(c) The application form must be signed and delivered
to the Island Secretary not earlier than 15 [October] in the year of the election nor later than 7 days before the election day.
(d) The form may be delivered by hand or by the electronic transmission of a scanned copy of the original form sent to the email address isec@ pitcairn.gov.pn (or such other email address as may be prescribed by regulations made under this Ordinance) and if delivered by electronic transmission must contain a return email address to which notification of approval of appointment may be sent.
(e) The Island Secretary must approve an application on the prescribed form if he or she is satisfied that the applicant is a person who if present would be entitled to vote and that the named proxy is on the Register of Voters.
(f) The Island Secretary shall advise the applicant if the application is approved, either in person (when or shortly after the application is delivered by hand) or by email (when the application is delivered in that manner).
(g) Not less than 2 days before election day the Island Secretary shall notify the [Recorders] in writing of the names of all persons in respect of whom a proxy vote has been approved (save in respect of appointments that were subsequently revoked in accordance with subparagraph (j) and (k)) and in each case shall name the person who is appointed proxy.
(h) On election day [a] Recorder shall distribute a voting card to each appointed and approved proxy and shall receive and record the vote of the proxy as if it were the vote of the person who appointed the proxy.
(i) A person’s appointment as a proxy under this section shall end when his or her proxy vote has been made, received and recorded in accordance with subparagraph (h). However, if for any reason that election were disputed in accordance with this Ordinance and a new election ordered, then the appointed proxy may vote in that new election without need for a further appointment unless his or her appointment as a proxy has been terminated in accordance with subparagraph (j).
The appointment of a proxy in accordance with this Ordinance may be revoked only in the following manner:
(i) when a Recorder has been appointed under s 16(5), by notice to the Recorder provided that such notice is given not later than 2 days before election day;
(ii) when a Recorder has not been appointed, by notice to the Island Secretary;
(iii) such notice must be signed and state that the person wishes to revoke the appointment of his or her proxy, and the notice shall either be delivered by hand (to Recorder or Island Secretary as applicable) or by way of a scanned copy sent by email to the address specified in subparagraph (d) above, or any replacement address that may be notified by regulations made under this Ordinance.
Any revocation of the appointment of a proxy shall be effective only upon its receipt by the Island Secretary or Recorder in accordance with subparagraph (j).]"
Source:
Laws of Pitcairn Chapter XI Local Government Ordinance, Part III, Article 18
http://www.government.pn/Laws/Cap%2011%20-%20Local%20Government%20Ordinance.pdf
|
2019/11/06
|
|
Poland
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Source:
Election Code: Act of 5 January 2011 on Election Code to the Sejm of the Republic of Poland and to the Senate of the Republic of Poland, article 35: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/40/POL_Election%20Code.pdf
|
2024/11/13
|
|
Portugal
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
Article 79-E
Casting a vote in advance by electors who are abroad
Article 79-F
Right of choice of electors residing abroad
Article 79-G
Voting by post by electors residing abroad
Article 84
Location in which the right to vote is exercised
Source:
Law governing Elections to the Assembly of the Republic Law no. 14/79 of 16 May 1979, Articles 79(E-G) and Article 84: https://www.parlamento.pt/sites/EN/Parliament/Documents/LeiEleitoralARen.pdf
Am I registered?
https://www.portaldoeleitor.pt/pt/Eleitor/EstouRecenseado/Pages/default.aspx
Voter portal:
https://www.portaldoeleitor.pt/pt/Pages/default.aspx
|
2024/10/10
|
|
Puerto Rico
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Source:
Electoral Law: “Código Electoral de Puerto Rico de 2020”, art. 9.34: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PR/puerto-rico-ley-58-2020-codigo-electoral-2020/
|
2020/11/03
|
|
Qatar
|
i. Not applicable
|
|
2025/05/08
|
|
Romania
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Source:
Electoral Law: Law No. 35 of 13 March 2008 for the election to the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, art. 8(2&3).
|
2014/10/29
|
|
Russian Federation
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
3. For citizens of the Russian Federation staying outside the territory of the Russian Federation, election precincts, referendum precincts shall be formed by the heads of diplomatic or consular missions of the Russian Federation in the territory of the country where they stay. The provisions regarding the number of voters, referendum participants set forth in Clause 2 of this Article shall not be applied if election precincts, referendum precincts are formed outside the territory of the Russian Federation.
Source:
Federal Law: "On Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in a Referendum", (article 19): https://www.legislationline.org/documents/action/popup/id/4170
|
2024/03/29
|
|
Rwanda
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Possible for all voters abroad.
Article 52: Students, military, police personnel and such other people when it is regarded necessary, are permitted to vote in the electoral area from where they did not register but a written statement shall be made thereafter.
Source:
Organic law N° 03/2010/OL of 18/06/2010 governing presidential and parliamentary elections, art. 10, 177 - 186: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/RW/rwanda-organic-law-nb0-17-2003-of-07-07-2003/ (2017)
|
2024/12/04
|
|
Réunion
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2007/01/14
|
|
Saint Helena
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Elections Ordinance 2009, art. 4 (1): http://www.sainthelena.gov.sh/data/files/resources/561/Elections-Ordinance.pdf (2013)
|
2013/01/18
|
|
Saint Kitts and Nevis
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Final report of the OAS on the 2010 General Election, p. 11: http://www.oas.org/sap/docs/DECO/2010/SAINT_KITTS_NEVIS_JAN_25_2010.pdf (2013)
|
2013/01/18
|
|
Saint Lucia
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
House of Assembly (Elections) Act, 1979: http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Electoral/Lucia/lucia.html (2013)
|
2013/01/18
|
|
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
The Representation of the People Act, art. 34 (1): http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Electoral/StVincent/StV&Gr.html (2013)
|
2021/12/27
|
|
Samoa
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
No mention of overseas voting
Source:
The Electoral Act 2019, Article 63 and 64: https://www.palemene.ws/wp-content/uploads/Electoral-Act-2019-Eng.pdf (2021)
|
2021/04/10
|
|
San Marino
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Electoral law N.6 of 31 January 1996, Art. 4, 6, 36 bis: http://www.consigliograndeegenerale.sm/contents/instance18/files/document/21801leggi_5336.pdf (2012)
|
2012/05/28
|
|
Sao Tome and Principe
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Source:
Electoral Law of the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe n.º 11/90 of 26 November 1990, as amended (latest amendment - 2006), art. 9, 72: http://www.stj.st/download/Lei_Eleitoral.pdf (2016)
|
2016/06/28
|
|
Saudi Arabia
|
i. Not applicable
|
Source:
Shura Council Law: http://www.shura.gov.sa/wps/wcm/connect/ShuraEn/internet/Laws+and+Regulations/The+Shura+Council+and+the+rules+and+regulations+job/Shura+Council+Law/ (2012);
The Basic Law of Governance: http://www.boe.gov.sa/ViewSystemDetails.aspx?lang=en&SystemID=4 (2012)
|
2012/08/20
|
|
Senegal
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Only in countries where polling stations/centers have been officially designated. Members of the armed forces serving abroad cannot vote.
Source:
Electoral Code 2012, art. L.29 (4), L.322, L.324, L.325: http://www.elections2012.sn/images/stories/CE2012.pdf (2017)
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Serbia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Article 73
Electors who are doing their national service or are on temporary military duty, or electors who are performing duties in units or institutions of the Army of Yugoslavia, shall vote in the proclaimed polling place nearest to barracks where they are on service or on temporary military duty.
Article 73a
The voters temporarily residing abroad shall vote at diplomatic missions and consular posts of the Republic of Serbia and at special polling stations determined by the Republic Electoral Commission, with the Commission having consulted beforehand with the ministry in charge of foreign affairs.
Source:
Electoral Law: Law on the Elections of Representatives of the Republic of Serbia, art. 73, 73a.
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/RS/on-the-election-of-members-of-the-parliament/view
|
2017/03/15
|
|
Seychelles
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
A person who is a citizen of Seychelles and has attained the age of eighteen years is entitled to be registered
as a voter unless the person is disqualified from registration under an Act on the ground of residence outside Seychelles Constitution, art. 114). However, any citizen of Seychelles living overseas may be registered as a voter if he is issued with a National Identity Card and he resides in an electoral area for a minimum period of 3 months, immediately prior to registration (Elections Amendment Act, sec. 2)
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Seychelles (2011) art. 114(1)(c)
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SC/seychelles-constitution-2011/view
Elections Amendment Act n°27 of 2014, sec.2
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SC/seychelles-elections-amendment-act-nb027-of-2014/view
|
2025/03/03
|
|
Sierra Leone
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Public Elections Act, the Electoral Commission may make provision for the registration outside Sierra Leone of non-resident citizens of Sierra Leone who may wish to be registered as voters. (The Public Elections Act, art. 18)
Source:
The Public Elections Act (2012), art. 18: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SL/sierra-leone-the-public-elections-act-2012-1/
|
2017/01/16
|
|
Singapore
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
39. 1. Subject to section 7, any overseas elector who intends to cast his vote at the poll for a contested election in an electoral division may vote at —
(a) the overseas polling station allotted to him under section 13A by the Registration Officer; or
(b) the polling station in the electoral division allotted to him under section 36A(1)
Source:
Parliamentary Elections Act, art. 13, 39A: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/SG/singapore-parliamentary-elections-act-2011/view (2017).
|
2017/03/24
|
|
Slovakia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Section 34
Postal voting by electors who do not have permanent residence in the Slovak Republic
(1) An elector who does not have permanent residence in the Slovak Republic and who has been registered in the special electoral register pursuant to section 10 shall be sent by the city borough of Bratislava-Petržalka not later thirty-five days before polling day to his or her address of permanent residence abroad:
a) an envelope pursuant to section 28,
b) ballot papers,
c) a return envelope, and
d) instructions on how to vote.
Section 35
Postal voting by electors who have permanent residence in the Slovak Republic and who are outside its territory at
the time of the elections
(1) An elector with permanent residence in the Slovak Republic who will be outside its territory at the time of the elections may make a request in writing to vote by post to the municipality in which he or she has permanent residence. The request must be delivered not later than fifty days before polling day.
(2) The municipality shall send the elector not later than thirty-five days before polling day to his or her designated address of permanent residence abroad:
a) an envelope pursuant to section 28,
b) ballot papers,
c) a return envelope, and
d) instructions on how to vote
Source:
Act On Elections to the National Council of the Slovak Republic, Sections 34 & 35: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/SK/slovakia-municipalities-election-law-1990/view
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Slovenia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Voters, who are abroad on Election Day because they have temporary or permanent residence there, may vote by post or through a diplomatic consular representative body of the Republic of Slovenia, provided that they have notified the republic electoral commission not later than thirty days prior to Election Day, and that the country in which they are residing approves of such voting or that it is authorized by an international agreement.
The ballot paper shall only be accepted if a voter casting his vote by post also encloses a voting card in the envelope verified by a diplomatic consular representative body of the Republic of Slovenia or a body of the state in which he/she is temporarily or permanently residing.
The provisions valid for elections in Slovenia shall be applied accordingly for voting by post from abroad or through diplomatic consular representative bodies of the Republic of Slovenia.
Source:
National Assembly Election Act, article 82.
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/SI/national-assembly-elections-act/view
|
2017/03/30
|
|
Solomon Islands
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
None of the relevant articles include OCV:
Art. 34 (1) (a): The Returning Officer shall— (a) provide a sufficient number of polling stations in the electoral constituency and, in accordance with the terms of any notice given under section 33 allot the electors within the
electoral constituency to the polling stations in such manner as seems to him most convenient;
Art. 39 (1): No person shall be permitted to vote at any polling station other than the one allotted to
him under the provisions of section 34(a).
Art. 41: Tendered ballot: If a person representing himself to be an elector named in the register of electors applies for a ballot paper after another person has voted as such elector, the applicant shall, upon giving satisfactory answers to the questions set out in section 38(c), be entitled to receive a ballot paper in the same manner as any other elector but such ballot paper, hereinafter called a tendered ballot paper, shall be of a colour different from the ordinary ballot papers and instead of being put into the ballot box, shall be given to the presiding officer and endorsed by him with the name of the elector and his number in the register of electors;
Source:
National Parliament Electoral Provisions Act (2010 Consolidated Version), Art. 34 (1)(a), 39 (1), 41: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/SB/solomon-islands-national-parliament-electoral-3/view (2019).
|
2019/03/01
|
|
Somalia
|
h. No information available
|
No provision
Source:
Transitional Constitution of 2012,Art.47:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SO/somalia-provisional-constitution-of-2012/view
http://www.niec.so/En/about/mandate-and-functions
|
2016/11/30
|
|
South Africa
|
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
Voters who wish to vote must fill in a special form and forward it to the Chief Electoral Officer.
Source:
South Africa: Electoral Commission of South Africa -- How to Register and Vote Abroad: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ZA/south-africa-electoral-commission-of-south-africa-1/view
|
2014/05/01
|
|
South Sudan
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
A South Sudanese national residing outside South Sudan and in possession of a South Sudanese passport, who satisfies the conditions set forth in Section 34 of this Act, shall have the right to apply for registration to vote.
Source:
National Elections Act 2012, art. 34 (3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SS/south-sudan-the-national-elections-act-no.-39-of/view;
Sudan Tribune Official Website: http://www.sudantribune.com/Voting-centers-abroad-for-Southern,37537 (2012)
|
2021/06/02
|
|
Spain
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
d. Members of the armed forces
g. Other
|
Los españoles que laboren en embarcaciones con bandera española.
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General”, arts. 72 & 74: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/ES/espana-ley-organica-5-1985-de-19-de-junio-del-1/ [2016];
Royal Decree 605/1999 of April 16, about complementary regulations of the electoral processes: “Real Decreto 605/1999, de 16 de abril, de regulación complementaria de los procesos electorales”, art. 9”, http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/ES/espana-codigo-de-derecho-electoral-2016/;
Royal Decree 1621/2007 of 7 December, regulating the voting of Spanish citizens residing temporarily abroad: “Real Decreto 1621/2007, de 7 de diciembre, por el que se regula un procedimiento de votación para los ciudadanos españoles que se encuentran temporalmente en el extranjero”, http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/ES/espana-codigo-de-derecho-electoral-2016/
|
2025/04/24
|
|
Sri Lanka
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
There are no statutory provisions to cover the above categories.
Source:
EU Final Observation Report of Sri Lanka's August 17 2015 Parliamentary Elections: http://www.eueom.eu/files/pressreleases/english/EUEOM_SriLanka_FinalReport_20151017.pdf
|
2016/02/04
|
|
Sudan
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
The National Elections Act 2008, art. 22 (3): http://www.gurtong.org/ResourceCenter/documents/Reports/Elections-09/nationalelectionsact2008.pdf (2012)
|
2012/09/04
|
|
Suriname
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Electoral Law of 1987, Art. 87 (1), 89 (2), 110, 111, 112: http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Electoral/Sur/suriname.html (2012);
Final Report of the OAS Electoral Observation Mission for the General Elections in the Republic of Suriname on May 25, 2010: http://www.oas.org/es/sap/docs/deco/2010/SURINAME_%20MAY25_%202010_e.pdf (2012)
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Swaziland
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Electoral Law: Election Order, sec. 11(5).
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Sweden
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Any person can vote from abroad, either by mail or at most Swedish missions abroad.
Source:
Electoral Law of 2005, Ch. 7, Section 1, 11: http://www.val.se/pdf/2005_elections_act.pdf (2012)
|
2014/08/04
|
|
Switzerland
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Mail ballots are admitted from anywhere in the world when sent in time.
Source:
Official Website of the Swiss Chancellery, on Voting Rights: https://www.ch.ch/en/voting-rights/ (2014)
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Syrian Arab Republic
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
|
2014/06/03
|
|
Tajikistan
|
h. No information available
|
|
2025/02/18
|
|
Tanzania, United Republic of
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
No provision.
Source:
The National Elections Act 2010: http://www.unisa.ac.za/contents/faculties/law/docs/National_Elections_Act-.pdf(2013)
|
2015/10/26
|
|
Thailand
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Election is compulsory for Thai citizens. Those who reside outside the country in election days and would like to cast their vote at the country they reside shall register to vote outside the country.
Source:
Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, Art. 94: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Thailand_2017
Organic Act B.E. 2541 on the Election of Members of the House of Representatives and Senators, Sec. 79 - 85: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/TH/thailand-organic-act-on-the-election-of-members-of/view
IDEA Voter Turnout Database; Compulsory Voting; https://www.idea.int/data-tools/data/voter-turnout-database/compulsory-voting
|
2023/10/11
|
|
Timor-Leste
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
f. Diplomatic staff
|
East Timorese citizens who are or live overseas shall enjoy protection by the State for the exercise of their rights and shall be subject to duties not incompatible with their absence from the country.
Source:
Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, article 22: https://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf
Law n.º 6/2006 on National Parliament Elections with the 2012 amendments, art. 37-A: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-06.pdf
https://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=17047&lang=en
|
2024/11/14
|
|
Togo
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Electoral Code No. 2000-07 as amended, art. 61: http://www.legitogo.gouv.tg/annee_txt/2007/Pages%20from%20jo_2007-007.pdf (2013)
|
2013/01/03
|
|
Tonga
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Electoral Act 1989, Art. 11 (1), 13: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/TO/tonga-electoral-amendment-act-2010/view (2021)
|
2021/09/15
|
|
Trinidad and Tobago
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Electoral Law: “Representation of the People Act”: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TT/trinidad-and-tobago-rop-2016/
|
2020/08/22
|
|
Tunisia
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
The diplomatic Tunisian groups and the Consulates outside the country make sure that the citizens residing outside the country vote.
Source:
Organic Law n° 2014-16 of 26 May 2014 on Elections and Referenda, art. 103: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/TN/tunisia-organic-law-on-elections-and-referenda/view (2014).
|
2019/08/05
|
|
Turkey
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, art. 67
Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 94: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
|
2016/01/21
|
|
Turkmenistan
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
g. Other
|
Source:
Law on Elections of the President of Turkmenistan (2011), art. 24 (5), 48;
Law of Turkmenistan on Elections of Deputies of the Mejlis of Turkmenistan (2008), art. 11, 26
|
2013/03/05
|
|
Turks and Caicos Islands
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Constitution: “The Constitution of the Turks and Caicos Islands”: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TC/turks-and-caicos-constitution-2014/ ;
Electoral Law: “Elections Ordinance”: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TC/turks-and-caicos-elections-ordinance-2018/ ;
Final Report of the Electoral Observation Mission conducted by the British Islands and Mediterranean Region (BIMR) of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA UK) between 8th and 18th December 2016: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TC/turks-and-caicos-cpa-uk-bimr-eom-final-report-2016/
|
2025/09/30
|
|
Tuvalu
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Electoral Provisions (Parliament) Act as amended, art. 16-17, 21-22.
|
2012/06/19
|
|
Uganda
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Parliament may, subject to the provisions of this Constitution, enact such laws as may be necessary
for the purposes of this Chapter, including laws for the registration of voters, the conduct of public elections and referenda and, where necessary, making provision for voting by proxy.
Source:
Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, art. 76: http://www.ec.or.ug/docs/Constitution_1995.pdf (2016)
|
2016/02/08
|
|
Ukraine
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Personnel of the diplomatic mission, representative officers and member of their families as well as other citizens of Ukraine who reside or stay on the territory of respective foreign country can vote abroad.
Source:
The Law on Elections of People's Deputies of Ukraine (latest amended in 2019), art. 2 (10): https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/en/4061-17
|
2019/03/12
|
|
United Arab Emirates
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
the NCE also announced the availability of 118 polling stations outside the UAE in its embassies, consulates and diplomatic missions
Source:
https://www.arabianbusiness.com/politics-economics/428239-voting-centre-locations-revealed-for-uaes-fnc-election
|
2019/09/25
|
|
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
e) Over 21 years old
Source:
Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000, Section 141
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2000/41/data.pdf
https://www.yourvotematters.co.uk/can-i-vote/overseas (2017)
|
2025/06/30
|
|
United States of America
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
d. Members of the armed forces
e. Students
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Most U.S. citizens 18 years or older who reside outside the United States are eligible to vote absentee for federal office candidates in U.S. primary and general elections. In addition, some states allow overseas citizens to vote for state and local office candidates and referendums. For information about your state, see the Voting Assistance Guide.
In some states, U.S. citizens who are 18 years or older and were born abroad but who have never resided in the United States are eligible to vote absentee. Direct your questions about eligibility to local election officials.
Source:
Federal Voting Assistance Program, http://www.fvap.gov
The Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act, 1986
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/international-travel/while-abroad/voting.html
|
2024/10/15
|
|
Uruguay
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 1, 77, 78: http://www.parlamento.gub.uy/constituciones/const004.htm#art73 (2012)
|
2012/10/31
|
|
Uzbekistan
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Article 27: Citizens in foreign countries can apply in writing to precinct election commissions formed at diplomatic and other representations of the Republic of Uzbekistan in foreign countries, or electronically through the official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan to be included in the voter list for fifteen days before the election.
Source:
Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 4, Article 27: https://saylov.uz/en/docs/ozbekiston-respublikasining-sajlov-kodeksi
|
2024/08/22
|
|
Vanuatu
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b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Source:
Representation of the People Act, as amended, art. 11(1) & 34 (schedule 4, part. 1(1)): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/VU/vanuatu-representation-of-the-people-act-1982-as/at_download/file
|
2025/04/10
|
|
Venezuela
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b. Citizens residing outside the country
f. Diplomatic staff
|
Citizens must provide proof that they are legal residents of the country where they register.
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica de Procesos Electorales”, art. 124: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/VE/venezuela-ley-organica-procesos-electorales-2009/
|
2020/11/15
|
|
Viet Nam
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a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Law of 1997 on Election of Deputies to the National Assembly, as amended and supplemented by laws No. 31/2001/QH10 and No: 63/2010/QH12, art. 58:
http://www.moj.gov.vn/vbpq/en/lists/vn%20bn%20php%20lut/view_detail.aspx?itemid=2526 (2016)
|
2021/03/25
|
|
Virgin Islands, British
|
h. No information available
|
|
2019/03/05
|
|
Virgin Islands, U.S.
|
h. No information available
|
|
2009/08/14
|
|
Wallis and Futuna
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
|
Source:
Electoral Code, Article L.12 and L.14.
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Western Sahara
|
h. No information available
|
|
2009/08/14
|
|
Yemen
|
b. Citizens residing outside the country
c. Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
|
Source:
General Elections and Referendum Law of 2001, art. 6 (a): http://www.scer.org.ye/english/generalelectionslaw.htm (2012)
|
2012/08/22
|
|
Zambia
|
h. No information available
|
The law makes no provision for voting outside the country.
|
2016/06/28
|
|
Zanzibar
|
a. Outside the country voting is not permitted
|
Source:
Electoral Act No. 11 of 1984 as amended, art. 68 (3)
http://www.temco.udsm.ac.tz/images/stories/Electral_Laws/ZANZIBAR-ELECTION-ACT-2010.pdf (2016)
|
2016/04/05
|
|
Zimbabwe
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f. Diplomatic staff
g. Other
|
Source:
Electoral Law: Electoral Act, art. 71(1)(b),(c).http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ZW/zimbabwe-consolidated-electoral-act-amended-2018/view
|
2018/10/31
|
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