|
total countries/territories: 228
|
|---|
| Country/Territory |
Answers |
Comments |
Verified |
|
Afghanistan
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Afghan Regulation on Polling, art. 10: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/AF/afghanistan-regulation-on-polling-2013-english/view (2014).
|
2016/03/14
|
|
Albania
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Electoral Code: Art 106:
1. On receipt of the ballot paper, the voter proceeds alone to the voting booth and votes on the ballot paper by marking next to the name of the electoral subject or of the party which is member of a coalition with the sign “x” or “+” or another sign that clearly
indicates the voter’s choice.
2. After making his/her mark on the ballot paper, the voter folds the ballot paper so that the mark cannot be seen but at least one of the stamps on the reverse side of the paper is visible. After leaving the voting booth, the voter deposits the ballot paper in the respective ballot box and leaves the voting centre.
Source:
The Electoral Code of the Republic of Albania, dated 2 April 2015, art. 106
|
2017/05/19
|
|
Algeria
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
c.) By putting a ballot in an envelope.
Source:
Electoral law (Loi organique n° 12-01 du 18 Safar 1433 correspondant au 12 janvier 2012 relative au régime électoral), art. 44: https://www.joradp.dz/hfr/consti.htm
|
2019/09/25
|
|
American Samoa
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
While not written into the legislation, it is clear from court proceedings that an elector makes their mark on the ballot paper, and only the first number, or preference counts. Source Mulitauaopele v. CEO, 27 A.S.R.2d 56.
Source:
Mulitauaopele v. CEO, 27 A.S.R.2d 56.
|
2017/08/18
|
|
Andorra
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The voters put a ballot paper into an envelope.
Source:
Electoral law: 28/2007 - "Llei qualificada del règim electoral i del referèndum", art. 40: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/AD/andorra-electoral-law-2007/
|
2023/06/29
|
|
Angola
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The voter may indicate the party of choice with a cross or a tick (check-mark).
Source:
Electoral Law n.º 36/11 of 21 December 2011 regulating General Elections, art. 111 (4): http://www.tribunalconstitucional.ao/uploads/%7Bc46fa0b3-c947-4440-ae92-5f1a3a275d8a%7D.pdf (2017)
|
2017/03/29
|
|
Anguilla
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Act, Section 49 3(a)
|
2015/02/24
|
|
Antigua and Barbuda
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Representation of the People Act (2001), Art 40.2 -42
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/AG/antigua-and-barbuda-amendment-to-the/view
(2002) Part III. 23
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/AG/antigua-and-barbuda-amendment-to-the-1/view
|
2014/06/05
|
|
Argentina
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
The voter must approach the receiving table where they are to vote. The authority of the table or the alternate verifies the data of the voter. The voter then goes to the dark room where he selects the ballot of his preference by placing it in an envelope. This envelope is placed in the ballot box.
Source:
Ley N° 19945, Código Electoral Nacional, art. 94: http://www.elecciones.gov.ar/normativa/archivos/codigo_electoral_nacional_19945.pdf (2021);
Law 26.774, B.O. 02/11/2012: http://www.elecciones.gov.ar/normativa/archivos/ley_26744_ciudadania_argentina.pdf (2021)
|
2021/12/26
|
|
Armenia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
f. Internet
|
Source:
Electoral Code of 26 May 2011, art. 66: http://res.elections.am/images/doc/_ecode.pdf (2013);
OSCE/ODIHR Final Report on the Armenian Parliamentary Elections of 6 May 2012, p. 9: http://www.osce.org/odihr/91643 (2013).
|
2015/12/01
|
|
Aruba
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Mr. Hubert Maduro, President, Electoral Council of Aruba
|
2017/07/07
|
|
Australia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Michael Maley, Director, International Services, Australian Electoral Commission
Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 (amended in 2019) Section 188: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2019C00103/f85985f8-e256-4e11-ad31-884ed7f92224
|
2024/09/09
|
|
Austria
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Federal Law on Parliamentary Elections (1992), Art. 57 & 68
http://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokumente/Erv/ERV_1992_471/ERV_1992_471.pdf
|
2012/05/29
|
|
Azerbaijan
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Every voter shall vote in person and alone. To vote in place of other persons shall be prohibited. Ballot papers shall be marked in a room or booth where nobody is authorized to enter and equipped with special technical to ensure the secrecy of the vote. A voter with disability who is not able to mark the ballot paper without assistance may invite any other person into the voting booth or room, except members of Precinct Election Commissions or observers. The surname and initials of this person shall be indicated with the voter’s signature on receipt of the ballot paper in the Voter’s List.
Source:
Election Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan including 2024 amendments, article 104.9: https://msk.gov.az/uploads/qanunvericilik/Election-Code-2024.pdf
|
2024/11/12
|
|
Bahamas
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law, Art. 59.
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BS/bahamas-parliamentary-elections-act-2012/view (2017)
|
2017/03/27
|
|
Bahrain
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The vote is carried out by ticking a prepared ballot in a special voting room.
Source:
Decree No. 14 of 2002 on Exercising Political Rights, art. 23: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/BH/bahrain-law-by-decree-on-exercising-political/view
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Bangladesh
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
S. M. Asaduzzaman; Public Relations Officer; Bangladesh Election Commission. Email: [email protected]
The Representation of the People Order, Art. 26
http://www.ecs.gov.bd/MenuExternalFilesEng/154.pdf
|
2012/05/30
|
|
Barbados
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Representation of the People Act, art. 29(2)
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Belarus
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Every voter shall vote personally, voting by other persons are not allowed.
The ballot is issued to the voter, participant of the referendum by a member of the precinct commission on the basis of the list of citizens having the right to participate in elections after submission of the passport of citizen of the Republic of Belarus or other document determined by the Central Commission. When receiving the ballot the voter shall put a signature in the relevant line of the indicated list.
The ballot is filled in a booth or a room for secret voting. When the ballot is being filled in, the presence of anybody other than the voter is prohibited.
The voter or the participant in the referendum who has no opportunity to fill the ballot by himself is entitled to invite to the cabin or room for secret voting another person at his discretion, except for members of the precinct and superior commissions, candidates for the President of the Republic of Belarus or for deputies or their authorized persons as well as persons mentioned in part four of Article 13 of this Code.
When voting during the elections, the voter puts any sign in an empty square placed on the right from the surname of the candidate he votes for. If the voter votes against all candidates, he puts any sign in an empty square placed on the right from the line ― “Against all candidates”. When voting during the referendum, if the participant in the referendum votes for the issue put forward for the referendum (draft decision), he puts any sign in the square under the word “for” and when votes against the issue put forward for the referendum (draft decision) he puts any sign under the word ”against”. The voter who votes on the recall of a deputy puts any sign in the square under the words ”for recall” whereas the one voting against the recall of a deputy puts any sign in the square under the words “against recall”.
If the ballot contains the surname of only one candidate, when voting for the candidate the voter puts any sign in the square under the word “for”, and if voting against the candidate he puts any sign in the square under the word “against”.
The voter or participant in the referendum casts the filled ballot into the ballot box.
When two or more referendums are held at the same time, the voter shall receive and fill a ballot for each of them and cast them to the ballot box.
In case the voter or the participant in the referendum thinks he has made a mistake when he filled the ballot he is entitled to address the member of the precinct commission who issued the ballot with a request to issue to him a new ballot instead of the spoiled one. The member of the precinct commission having received the spoiled ballot, which shall have the personal signature of the voter or the participant in the referendum, issues to the elector or the participant in the referendum a new ballot and makes a note thereabout in the list of citizens who have the right to take part in elections, referendum or voting on the recall of a deputy against the surname of the voter or the participant in the referendum who has made a mistake. The spoiled ballot is cancelled and the act thereabout shall be composed and signed by the chairperson or the deputy chairperson or the secretary and two members of the precinct commission.
Source:
Electoral Code: "Electoral Code of the Republic of Belarus”, art. 52: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/BY/belarus-electoral-code-2023-english/
|
2023/09/13
|
|
Belgium
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
Article 143
The voter receives a ballot paper directly from the head of the polling station.
This ballot paper must be folded twice in a right angle with the boxes on top of the lists inside of the folded paper. It must be put down in front of the head to fold it up the same way. It must be stamped on the back showing the name or the district where the vote took place and the election’s date. The committee determines at least five places for the stamp to be possibly stamped on and chooses it through a drawing by lot. This drawing will be repeated once or several times during the operations by demand of one of the members of the polling station or a witness. If the committee decides that such a proposition cannot immediately be received, the demanding member of the committee or the candidate’s witness can demand that the reasons for the refusal are noted in the protocol.
The voter goes directly into one of the compartments to cast his vote. He shows his regularly folded ballot paper with the stamp on the outside to the head and puts it into the ballot box after the head or an assessor on his behalf has stamped the invitation to vote using the stamp mentioned in the previous paragraph. He is not authorized to unfold the ballot paper while leaving the compartment in order to not make publicly known his vote. If he nevertheless does it, the head of the polling station takes the ballot paper that is invalidated and obliges the voter to vote anew.
The voter, who due to a handicap cannot go on his own into the compartment or express his vote by himself, may with the authorization of the head of the polling station be accompanied by a guide or a facilitator. The name of the one or the other is mentioned in the protocol. If an assessor or a witness doubts the reality or extent of the handicap, the committee makes a
decision and the motivated decision is noted in the protocol.
Source:
The Belgian Electoral Code, Article 143
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/BE/belgium-electoral-code-2014/view
Law of 11 April 1994 regulating voting by electronic voting machines
|
2019/04/25
|
|
Belize
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: “Representation of the People Act, Chapter 9”, Schedule III, Section 15, 21 (9): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BZ/belize-representation-of-the-people-act-2020/
|
2025/03/24
|
|
Benin
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
L'électeur prend lui-même un bulletin, se rend dans l'isoloir,
marque son choix et plie le bulletin de manière à cacher son vote. Il faut savoir que c'est le bulletin unique qui est utilisé.
Voters take a ballot, head to the booth, and mark their vote. They then secretly hide their vote by folding the ballot. Each voter is to receive only one ballot.
Source:
Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 65: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
|
2019/04/05
|
|
Bermuda
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Elections Act, Art. 51
http://www.elections.gov.bm/index.php/voters/12-voters/16-voting-procedures
|
2012/05/31
|
|
Bhutan
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
Article 349: Every ballot box or an electronic voting machine to be used at any election shall be of the design approved by the Election Commission.
Source:
Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) Rules and Regulations of the Kingdom of Bhutan (2018): https://www.ecb.bt/Rules/evm.pdf
Election Act of the Kingdom of Bhutan (2008), Chapter 17, Article 349: https://www.ecb.bt/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/ElectionActEnglish.pdf
|
2024/08/27
|
|
Bolivia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
El ciudadano sufragará en el recinto reservado, marcando la papeleta con un signo visible e inequívoco la franja correspondiente al partido o alianza de su preferencia.
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley del Régimen Electoral – Ley Nº 026”, art. 159 (e, f):
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BO/bolivia-ley-del-regimen-electoral-2012/ (2016).
|
2016/05/10
|
|
Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: Election Law of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Article 5.14.
https://www.izbori.ba/Documents/documents/ZAKONI/BiH_Election_Law_last_consolidated_version.pdf?v-4 (2024)
|
2025/06/26
|
|
Botswana
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Act of 1968 (as amended until 2012), art. 54 (d): http://www.iec.gov.bw/images/pdf/ElectoralAct.pdf (2014).
|
2014/10/28
|
|
Brazil
|
d. Electronic voting machine
|
Art. 59
Voting and the totalization of votes will be done by electronic system, with the Superior Electoral Court being able to authorize, in exceptional cases, the application of the rules established in Articles 83 to 89.
§ 1 Electronic voting will be done by entering the number of the candidate or the party acronym, and the candidate's name and photograph, as well as the party name or party acronym, must appear on the electronic voting machine display, with the title of the position being contested shown in either the masculine or feminine form, as applicable.
Source:
Elections Law – Law No. 9,504, of September 30, 1997, Articles 59:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/lei-das-eleicoes/lei-das-eleicoes-lei-nb0-9.504-de-30-de-setembro-de-1997
|
2024/10/12
|
|
Brunei Darussalam
|
i. Not applicable
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 23: http://publicofficialsfinancialdisclosure.worldbank.org/fdl/sites/fdl/files/assets/law-library-files/Brunei_Constitution_1959_amended%202011_EN.pdf (2013);
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bx.html
|
2013/03/18
|
|
Bulgaria
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
b. Mechanical voting machine
|
The voting is either by integral ballots (with the names of parties and/or candidates on one ballot) or by separate ballots for different parties and/or candidates
Source:
Electoral Law: Election Code, Art. 265,268
http://dv.parliament.bg/DVWeb/showMaterialDV.jsp?idMat=82965 (2014)
|
2014/10/02
|
|
Burkina Faso
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Code as amended in 2015, art. 90: http://www.ceni.bf/sites/default/files/Code_électoral_BF-Version_21.05.2015.pdf (2015)
|
2015/12/04
|
|
Burma (Myanmar)
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
The Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law, art. 43: http://www.altsean.org/Research/2010/Resources/Laws/Pyithu%20Hluttaw%20Election%20Law.pdf (2013).
|
2015/11/17
|
|
Burundi
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Code, art. 55: https://courconstitutionnelle.gov.bi/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Code-Electoral_30092024095027.pdf
|
2025/05/08
|
|
Cambodia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Law on the Election of the Members of the National Assembly, arts. 102, 105: http://ngocedaw.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/tmp_11849-Draft-of-LEMNA-by-CNRP-CPP_March_08_2015132491924.pdf
|
2023/10/12
|
|
Cameroon
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The election shall be by secret ballot. Uniform and opaque envelopes shall be used in voting.
Source:
Electoral Code section 100 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
|
2018/11/06
|
|
Canada
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Two types of paper ballots are used: the regular one used on polling day lists the candidates and their affiliation) and the Special ballot (on which electors need to write the name of the candidate they vote for) used for the purpose of the Special Voting Rules.
Source:
Elections Canada: Glossary (http://www.elections.ca/content.asp?section=gen&document=index&dir=glo&lang=e&anchor=b&textonly=false#b)
The Canada Elections Act, Part 8 Art. 115
http://laws.justice.gc.ca/PDF/E-2.01.pdf
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Cape Verde
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law as amended by Law No 56/VII/2010, art. 223 (5): http://www.parlamento.cv/userfiles/image/site/Leis/Altera%20o%20C%C3%B3digo%20Eleitoral%20-%20texto%20integrante.pdf (2016)
|
2016/05/04
|
|
Cayman Islands
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: “Elections Act (2021 Revision)”, Section 47(3): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/KY/cayman-islands-elections-act-2021-revision/ ;
|
2021/12/13
|
|
Central African Republic
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law N° 09.016, Art. 81: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Centrafrique/CODE_ELECTORAL-RCA-2-octobre-2010.pdf (2016)
|
2021/04/19
|
|
Chad
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
g) The elector chooses a ballot of his/her choice and put it into an envelope.
Source:
Law No. 020/PR/2010 establishing a National Independent Electoral Commission amended by Law No. 022/PR/2010, art. 48 : http://www.iss.co.za/uploads/CHADCENI.PDF (2016)
|
2019/04/23
|
|
Chile
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The voter only may mark his/her preference on the ballot, with the black graphite pencil provided, by tracing a vertical line that crosses the horizontal line printed on the left side of the candidate's number or on the option of his/her preference in the case of a plebiscite. Then, the voter will proceed to fold the ballot according to the indications of its creases and must deposit it into the ballot box.
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica Constitucional sobre Votaciones Populares y Escrutinios (2016)”, art. 65:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CL/chile-ley-sobre-votaciones-populares-y-escrutinios/
|
2025/04/01
|
|
China
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law, Art. 36
|
2012/06/04
|
|
Cocos (keeling) Islands
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
g. Other
|
202AB Regulations may provide for voting by an electronically assisted voting method
(1) The regulations may provide for sight-impaired people to vote by an electronically assisted voting method at general elections, Senate elections and by-elections.
233 Vote to be marked in private
(1) Except as otherwise prescribed the voter upon receipt of the ballot paper shall without delay:
(a) retire alone to some unoccupied compartment of the booth, and there, in private, mark his or her vote on the ballot paper;
(Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918, sections 202AB, 233).
128. Ballot paper, how to be marked by elector
(1) In an election where there are only 2 candidates on the ballot paper an elector shall mark his vote on the ballot paper by
placing the numeral “1” in the square opposite the name of the candidate for whom he votes.
129. Elector with disability etc., assistance for to vote
(1) If an elector cannot vote without assistance because the elector is sight impaired, physically incapacitated or illiterate, the elector may nominate a person (other than a candidate at the election or a scrutineer for a candidate) to assist the elector, and the nominated person must mark the elector’s ballot paper according to the directions of the elector and fold and deposit the ballot paper in the ballot box.
(Western Australia Electoral Act 1907, section 128, 129).
4.69. How to vote
(1) If only one office is to be filled at the election, an elector is to cast his or her vote by marking the ballot paper in accordance with regulations so as to indicate the candidate named on the ballot paper whom the elector wishes to be elected.
(Western Australia Local Government Act 1995, art. 4.69).
Source:
Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918, as amended on 8 March 2019, section 202AB, 233: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2019C00103
Western Australia Electoral Act 1907, art. 128, 128: https://www.legislation.wa.gov.au/legislation/statutes.nsf/main_mrtitle_290_homepage.html
Western Australia Local Government Act 1995, art. 4.69: https://www.legislation.wa.gov.au/legislation/statutes.nsf/main_mrtitle_551_homepage.html
|
2019/08/02
|
|
Colombia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 258: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CO/colombia-constitucion-politica-de-colombia-2014/
Electoral Code, art. 114, 123, 124, 125: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CO/colombia-decreto-2241-de-1986-codigo-electoral/
|
2014/05/13
|
|
Comoros
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
h. No information available
|
Source:
Law No 10-018/AU Amending certain provisions of the Electoral Act No. 07-001/AU of 14 January 2007
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/KM/comores-electoral-law-2010/view (2016)
|
2025/09/30
|
|
Congo (Brazzaville)
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
g) There is one ballot for each candidate. The voter chooses a ballot and puts it into an envelope.
Source:
Election law of 24 November 2001, Art. 93: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CG/congo-brazzaville-electoral-law-2001/view (2017)
Election law of 24 November 2001, Amended 2016, Art. 93
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CG/congo-brazzaville-electoral-law-amendments-2016/view (2017)
|
2017/03/29
|
|
Congo (Kinshasa), Democratic Republic of the
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law No. 11/003 of 25 June 2011, Art. 57, 58: http://www.ambardc.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=232%3Aloi-electorale-de-la-rdc&catid=50&Itemid=70 (2012);
Official Website of the Independent National Electoral Commission: http://www.ceni.gouv.cd/info.aspx?id_rubrique=3&id_page=7 (2012)
|
2012/06/28
|
|
Cook Islands
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Teokoati Joseph, Chief Probation Officer, Probation Service - Ministry of Justice
Electoral Act (2004) Section D
|
2014/06/30
|
|
Costa Rica
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
El Tribunal podrá definir, por lo menos con seis meses de anticipación, el uso de medios electrónicos de votación, cuando llegue a determinar que son confiables y seguros. Entonces, podrá prescindir de las papeletas y los procedimientos inherentes a su uso, aunque siempre deberá garantizarse un registro en soporte de papel que sirva para auditar la votación electrónica.
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley 8765: Código Electoral (2010)”, art. 169: http://www.tse.go.cr/pdf/normativa/codigoelectoral.pdf (2014)
|
2014/06/04
|
|
Croatia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Art. 62
The voting is to be performed personally, by means of a voting slip.
No one can vote instead of another person.
The voting slip shall be printed in the state printing press determined by and supervised by the National
Election Commission.
Each voting slip must have a serial number printed.
Source:
Electoral Law: Act on Election of Representatives to the Croatian Parliament (116/99) (consolidated wording with amendments No. 109/00 and 53/03), art. 62
https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7663/file/Croatia_Parliamentary_Elections_Act_2003_am2015_en.pdf
https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/1154/file/71c13d3cb8431393409819c98e04.pdf
|
2020/07/06
|
|
Cuba
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The voter must write an "X" next to the name of the candidate of their choice; then they must fold the ballot paper and put it inside the ballot box.
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley No. 127, Ley Electoral”, art. 202: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CU/cuba-ley-electoral-127-2019-ace/
|
2023/09/13
|
|
Cyprus
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Art 29 (6): The electorate on receipt of the ballot paper proceeds to this part of the case secretly
items on the ballot paper and in their predefined ways
of the party or the co-operation of many co-operative parties or the inter- mediate
candidate or co-chairperson independent of his / her election.
A voter can indicate his choice of party and candidate or candidates on the ballot by printing the symbols of ‘+’, ‘X’, or ‘√’ in the large square box under the preferred party, or in the square next to the independent candidate of choice. Voters who wish to indicate preference to particular candidates under the umbrella of a party may also use one of the aforementioned symbols in the square next to the name of the candidate.
Source:
Electoral Law 72 of 1979 as amended, Art. 29 (5-11):
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/CY/cyprus-electoral-law-72-1979-greek-version/ (2016).
http://cyprus-mail.com/2016/05/20/knowing-how-and-where-to-vote/
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Cyprus (North)
|
h. No information available
|
|
2012/06/07
|
|
Czech Republic
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Article 39 Voting (1) Having received a Formal Envelope and if necessary a set of ballots, a voter shall enter a voting booth (Article 17, Paragraph 2 hereinbefore) where he/she shall insert no more than one ballot into the Formal Envelope. The voter shall have the right to express his/her preference by marking the ballot prior to inserting it into the Formal Envelope so that he/she encircles the candidate's ballot position number. No more than four candidates listed on one ballot form may be indicated, and no other ballot editing can be accepted.
Source:
Electoral Law: Act of Law 247/1995 Coll., on elections to the Parliament of the Czech Republic (amended by 480/2006 Coll.), art. 17, 19, 39, 67, 68.
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/CZ/czech-republic-act-no.-247-on-elections-to-the/view
(2017)
|
2023/09/18
|
|
Côte d'Ivoire
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law n° 2000-514 of 1 August 2000, art. 37: http://www.gouv.ci/doc/textes_fondamentaux/Code%20Electoral.pdf (2012)
|
2012/12/14
|
|
Denmark
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
On the ballot paper, the voter enters a cross against the name of a party or the name of a candidate.
Source:
Parliamentary Election Act of Denmark, Ch.1, P.7, Art. 48 (1)
|
2019/05/27
|
|
Djibouti
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Article 49: On entering the voting room, the elector after having proved his identity, makes his registration on the list of electors. The vote of each elector is noted by the signature or the initials of one of the members of the polling station affixed on the list of signatures opposite the name of the elector. In addition, the vote of the elector is noted by the affixing of the imprint of his left thumb in indelible ink in front of his name in the presence of the members of the office
Source:
Electoral Law n° 1/ AN /92 regulating elections, as amended by Organic Law n ° L 11/AN/02/4, art. 49:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/DJ/djibouti-loi-electorale-avec-modifications-2002/view
|
2012/09/06
|
|
Dominica
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
EL: 34.
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Dominican Republic
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: "Ley Electoral 275 - 97", art. 120: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DO/ley-electoral-no.-275-97-y-sus-modificaciones (2016).
|
2016/02/29
|
|
Ecuador
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
In single-member constituencies, voters will mark the box of the candidate or ticket of their preference. In multi-member constituencies, voters will mark the box of as much candidates as representatives are to be chosen either from one single list or from various lists.
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica Electoral y de Organizaciones Políticas de la República del Ecuador, Código de la Democracia”, art. 109, 110, 113: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/EC/ecuador-codigo-democracia-2023/
|
2023/03/30
|
|
Egypt
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
“Voting in elections or referendums shall be implemented by ticking on a balloting card prepared especially for this purpose. The head of the polling station shall give each voter an unfolded balloting card, sealed in its back by the committee, carrying the date of the election or the referendum.”
Source:
Decree of the President of the Arab Republic of Egypt, by Law No.45 of 2014, on the Issuance of Law for regulating the Exercise of Some Political Rights, art. 44: http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/Templates/Articles/tmpArticles.aspx?ArtID=78396#.ViELw_lVhHw (2014);
Law No. 73 of the year 1956 Regulating the Exercise of Political Rights and its Amendments, art. 29: http://www.democracy-reporting.org/files/law_on_the_exercise_of_political_rights_including_amendments_to_december.pdf (2013).
|
2025/09/23
|
|
El Salvador
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: “Decreto No. 413 — Código Electoral”, art. 185: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/SV/el-salvador-recopilacion-legislacion-electoral-2021/ ;
|
2021/01/29
|
|
Equatorial Guinea
|
h. No information available
|
Source:
Law No. 7/2012 of 16 November 2012 regulating elections to the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, municipal elections and referenda
|
2013/04/09
|
|
Eritrea
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Elections Act, art. 50
|
2011/06/22
|
|
Estonia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
f. Internet
|
Manually or electronically
Source:
Electoral Law: Riigikogu Election Act last amended on 13 April 2016 § 39 (1)-(8), §48 (4).
|
2019/02/20
|
|
Ethiopia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law as amended by Proclamation No. 532/2007, art. 65, 66 http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ET/ethiopia-proclamatio-no.-532-2007-amending-the/view
|
2015/05/18
|
|
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: “Electoral Ordinance 1988”, Section 113(2): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/FK/falkland-islands-electoral-ordinance-1988/ ;
|
2022/04/19
|
|
Fiji
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
54. A voter shall vote for a single candidate by placing a circle around, or a tick or a cross on, the number of his or her preferred candidate on the ballot paper.
Source:
Electoral Decree No. 11 of 2014, art. 54: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/FJ/fiji-electoral-decree-no.-11-of-2014/at_download/file (2018).
|
2018/04/20
|
|
Finland
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The voter must mark the number of the candidate he or she is giving his or her vote to in the ballot in such a manner that there can be no uncertainty as to whom he or she has voted for. The mark must be made in the voting booth so that the secrecy of the ballot is maintained.
Source:
Election Act 714/1998 as amended, Section 76 (2)
|
2019/04/02
|
|
France
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
g.) By choosing a ballot paper. One ballot for each candidate or one ballot for each list.
Source:
Electoral Code, Art. L57-1, L62 https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichCode.do;jsessionid=9B64B63FCBA694B62F4DC7D7DCC0F066.tplgfr23s_1?cidTexte=LEGITEXT000006070239&dateTexte=20200617
|
2020/06/20
|
|
French Guiana
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
g.) By choosing a ballot paper. One ballot for each candidate or one ballot for each list.
Source:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2014/06/04
|
|
French Polynesia
|
g. Other
|
Various means are possible, including voting machines of various types.
Source:
Electoral Code, Article 57-1, L.60.
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Gabon
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
By putting a ballot in envelop and putting it in the ballot box.
Source:
Law No. 7/96 of 12 March 1996 establishing common rules for all political elections, with all the subsequent amendments, art. 77, 79, 92, 96
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GA/gabon-code-electoral-2005/view (2017)
|
2025/05/14
|
|
Gambia
|
g. Other
|
62.2. Place your ballot token in the ballot box bearing the name and symbol of the candidate for whom you wish to vote.
Source:
Elections Decree 78 of 1996, part V, section 62, 63, 66 (6): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GM/gambia-elections-decree-78-of-1996/view
|
2017/03/21
|
|
Georgia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
The Election Code of Georgia, art. 65:
https://matsne.gov.ge/en/document/view/1557168?publication=8
|
2024/07/24
|
|
Germany
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
g. Other
|
Postal Ballots are also accepted
Source:
Federal Elections Act, Sections 30-36
|
2025/03/06
|
|
Ghana
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
The Public Elections Regulations (2016), art. 33: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GH/ghana-public-elections-regulations-2016/
|
2016/10/05
|
|
Gibraltar
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
"30. Subject to the provisions of rule 42, a voter or proxy voter in recording
the voter’s vote shall place a cross in the square opposite the name of each
candidate for whom a vote is to be entered."
Source:
Election Rules, Part III, Article 30
https://www.gibraltarlaws.gov.gi/articles/1950.07.20-1.pdf
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Greece
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
P.D. 96/2007 (Codification of the legal provisions on parliamentary elections), Art. 72:7
https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7827/file/Greece_Law_election_parliament_as_of_2007_en.pdf
|
2020/07/26
|
|
Greenland
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Parliamentary Election Act of Denmark, Ch.1, P.7, Art. 48 (1)
|
2012/06/14
|
|
Grenada
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Electoral law of 1958, article 45:
"(3) The elector on receiving the ballot paper shall forthwith enter one of the polling compartments and there mark his ballot paper by marking with a black lead pencil and not otherwise a cross or any other mark within the space containing the name of the candidate for whom he intends to vote, so as to indicate clearly the candidate for whom he intends to vote, and he shall then fold the ballot paper as directed so that the initials and the numbers on the counterfoil can be seen without opening it. When the ballot is not so folded the presiding officer shall require the elector to fold the ballot as required by this subsection." "
Source:
Electoral law of 1958, article 45 (3)
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Guadeloupe
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
g) By choosing a ballot. One ballot for each candidate or one ballot for each list.
Source:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2014/06/04
|
|
Guam
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
Source:
3 Guam Code:
https://gec.guam.gov/index.php/about-the-gec/election-laws-rules-regulations
|
2020/10/28
|
|
Guatemala
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law’s Regulations: “Reglamento de la Ley Electoral y de Partidos Políticos”, art. 97: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/GT/guatemala-lepp-y-reglamentos-2023/
|
2023/05/30
|
|
Guinea
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The voter inserts the ballot of his/her choice into an envelope.
Source:
Electoral Code No. 91/012/CTRN, art. 75: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GN/guinea-electoral-code-2010/
|
2017/01/26
|
|
Guinea-Bissau
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law of 11 November 2009 on the election of the President of the Republic and the National People's Assembly ("Lei Eleitoral Para Presidente da República e Assembleia Nacional Popular"), art. 71: http://www.cne-guinebissau.org/phocadownload/lei_eleitoral.pdf (2012)
|
2014/06/24
|
|
Guyana
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Representation of the People Act, Art.72
|
2015/05/11
|
|
Haiti
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: http://www.presidence.ht/loi_electorale/ (2013)
|
2015/04/08
|
|
Holy See (Vatican City State)
|
h. No information available
|
|
2012/05/14
|
|
Honduras
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley Electoral de Honduras”, art. 263 (4): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/HN/honduras-ley-electoral-2021-con-reformas-2021/
|
2025/08/07
|
|
Hong Kong
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
5.31 When issued with the ballot paper(s), an elector/AR will also be
provided with a cardboard to which a chop with a tick is attached (as well
as a pen for marking the SFC ballot papers as applicable).
Source:
Legislative Council General Election Guidelines (2016), 5:31: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/HK/hong-kong-legislative-council-general-election-4/view
|
2021/06/07
|
|
Hungary
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (last modified by Act CCVII of 2013), Sections 178-180: http://njt.hu/cgi_bin/njt_doc.cgi?docid=159995.329468.
|
2018/07/30
|
|
Iceland
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
If a polling station is defined as an unit where the voter casts his ballot then the voting desk is manned by a board of three persons at one polling station there can be many voting desks and in larger voting districts within the community there is no legally fixed number of voting desks within a polling station and it is up to each community to arrange the stations where voting can take place. The smallest polling station have only one voting desk so the number of staff is approximately four persons.
Source:
Parliamentary Elections Act, Art. 15
Voters who are not able to attend during a polling session on election day may vote outside of the
regular polling session, according to the rules laid down in this Act.
|
2020/07/27
|
|
India
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
Electronic Voting Machines are India's main way of voting.
Source:
Representation of People Act 1951, Sec 59-60, 61 A: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
The Conduct of Election Rules 1961, Part 2: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/%282%29%20THE%20CONDUCT%20OF%20ELECTION%20RULES%2C%201961.pdf
|
2024/09/11
|
|
Indonesia
|
c. Punch card
|
Article 154: Voting for the election of members of DPR, Provincial DPRD, and Regency/Municipal DPRD shall be conducted by making a single puncture on the ballot on the number or the name of the candidate.
Source:
Law 8/2012 on General Election of the Members of House of Representatives, People’s Representatives Council and Regional House of Representatives, Art. 154: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/ID/indonesia-law-8-2012-on-general-election-of-the/view
|
2024/02/07
|
|
Iran, Islamic Republic of
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Iran: Elections Act of Islamic Consultative Assembly (1999), Art. 66: https://www.refworld.org/themes/custom/unhcr_rw/pdf-js/viewer.html?file=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.refworld.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Flegacy-pdf%2Fen%2F1999-11%2F4c35cba22.pdf
|
2024/11/19
|
|
Iraq
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Regulation No. 18, Voting, Counting and Sorting, 4(2):http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/IQ/iraq-regulation-no.-18-voting-counting-and-sorting/view
|
2018/04/19
|
|
Ireland
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Acts 1992, Art. 101: https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/1992/act/23/enacted/en/print#sec64
|
2024/11/21
|
|
Israel
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Inside the voting booth, voters select a slip of paper that represents their chosen party from an assortment in a tray, put the slip in an envelope and then place the envelope in the ballot box.
Registered voters vote at one of the more than 10,000 polling stations.
Source:
Dr. Susan Hattis Rolef, The Knesset Research and Information Center
Consulate General of Israel in Los Angeles: https://embassies.gov.il/la/Pages/FAQ-Elections-in-Israel.aspx
|
2019/06/13
|
|
Italy
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: "Testo unico delle leggi elettorali", Art.58
https://www.normattiva.it/uri-res/N2Ls?urn:nir:stato:decreto.del.presidente.della.repubblica:1957-03-30;361!vig=
|
2020/07/18
|
|
Jamaica
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Representation of the People Act, Section 35
|
2025/09/22
|
|
Japan
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Manually writing the name of the candidates/political parties (either hand writing or braille)
Source:
Public Offices Election Act, Art.46:
https://elaws.e-gov.go.jp/search/elawsSearch/elaws_search/lsg0500/detail?lawId=325AC1000000100#1
|
2019/07/10
|
|
Jordan
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Every voter shall exercise his/her right to vote as follows:
When the voter appears before the polling and counting committee, the committee shall
.A verify his/her identity and make sure that his/her name is registered in the final voter list for that district by checking the computer and the hard-copies of the list. The list shall be marked electronically and by hand to indicate that the voter has exercised his/her right to
vote.
B. The chair of the polling and counting committee or one of its two members shall give the actual voter a ballot paper.
C. The actual voter shall: (i) mark in the designated place the name, number or emblem of one of the lists standing for election in that electoral district; (ii) mark in the designated place of one or more of the candidate names in that specific list
Source:
Law on the Election of the House of Representatives
Law No. 6/2016, art. 37: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/misc/jordan-law-on-the-election-of-the-house-of/view (2016)
|
2016/08/05
|
|
Kazakhstan
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
g. Other
|
1. Ballots shall be filled in by voters in a polling booth. While filling in the ballots, the presence of anybody in the polling booth, except the voter, shall be forbidden. The voter (elector) who cannot independently fill in a ballot shall be eligible to be assisted by a person to whom he/she trusts.
2. The voter (elector) shall put any mark in an empty space to the right of the surname of the candidate for whom he/she votes.
In the ballot with the names of political parties the voter shall put any mark in an empty space to the right of the name of the political party for which he/she votes.
3. At election of members of other than maslikhats local self-government bodies the voter shall put a mark in an empty space to the right of the surnames of those candidates for whom he/she votes.
(Art. 42).
1.When elections are held using the digital electoral system, voting shall be carried out with a digital ballot created by means of digital electoral system. (Art. 50-4).
Source:
Constitutional Law on Elections of the Republic of Kazakhstan as amended on June 29, 2018, art. 42, 50-4: https://www.election.gov.kz/eng/election-legal-framework/the-laws-of-the-rk.php
|
2024/10/24
|
|
Kenya
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Constitution, art. 86
|
2012/03/14
|
|
Kiribati
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Subsidiary Legislation: Elections Regulation, Part III, Art.9 under Elections Ordinance
http://www.paclii.org/ki/legis/consol_act/eo167.pdf
|
2024/11/26
|
|
Korea, Democratic People's Republic of
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-26502900
|
2014/06/23
|
|
Korea, Republic of
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
An elector, after receiving the ballot paper, shall enter a balloting booth, select one candidate (referring to one political party in the election of the proportional representative National Assembly members and the
election of the proportional representative local council members), from among those entered in the ballot paper, make a mark in the corresponding column of the ballot paper, fold the ballot paper on the spot so that other persons can not see the contents, and then put it in the ballot box in the presence of the voting witnesses.
Source:
Public Official Election Act, Article 157-159: https://www.nec.go.kr/site/eng/ex/bbs/List.do?cbIdx=1280
|
2024/08/28
|
|
Kuwait
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Law No. 35 of 1962 on the election of members of Parliament with its amendments, art. 33: http://www.gcc-legal.org/mojportalpublic/LawAsPDF.aspx?opt&country=1&LawID=2687#Section_3508 (2013)
|
2013/01/31
|
|
Kyrgyzstan
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Voter shall put a mark in the appropriate field of the ballot to indicate a candidate or political party in whose favor the choice was made, or shall indicate his/her attitude by marking the “Against all” field.
Source:
Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art.31 (8): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
|
2025/05/07
|
|
Lao People's Democratic Republic
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
When voters are filling out their ballots, other people are prohibited from interfering;
For illiterate voters who cannot fill out their ballots by themselves, the committee at the level of polling unit shall nominate someone to assist them in filling out the ballot according to the voters’ choice, and then let them deposit the ballot by themselves. In the event that such persons cannot deposit the ballot by themselves, the committee at the level of polling unit shall nominate someone to help them to do so in their presence;
Source:
Law No. 37/PO on the Election of Members of the National Assembly, 29 (5, 6): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LA/Lao-People2019s-Democratic-Republic-Law-on/view
|
2021/02/28
|
|
Latvia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: The Saeima Election Law as in force on 19 July 2014, art. 23: http://cvk.lv/pub/public/30870.html?doc_print=1 (2014)
|
2014/10/09
|
|
Lebanon
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The ministry provides the polling stations with a number of official ballot papers that are pre-printed as well as envelopes that are exactly equal to the number of registered voters. It also hands them with an additional number of official ballot papers and envelopes equal to 20 percent of the registered voters.
2 -The official polling ballots include the names of all lists and its members as well the as specifications that the ministry sets accordingly: the list’s color and name and an empty space that is specified for any one of them. As well as the candidate’s three-names, their sect and the small district they are running for. Next to the name of every candidate there will be a photo of them and to next to that there will be an empty space where the voter can place their vote within the list with their preferential vote based on the provisions of this law.
3 – The voter exclusively votes through these papers and nothing else and is not allowed to use others to vote.
Source:
Lebanese Elections Law, art. 91-92: https://www.ministryinfo.gov.lb/en/22598
https://elections.gov.lb/getattachment/00bbe177-0eec-4f8a-a4df-e47c7e19b4de/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B5-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%28PDF%29.aspx%20(2017)
|
2024/11/20
|
|
Lesotho
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
National Assembly Electoral Act (2011), Article 85
|
2017/07/19
|
|
Liberia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
The New Elections Law (2016, with amendments up until and including 2014), Art. 5.7, http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/LR/liberia-amended-electoral-laws-2014/view
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
g. Other
|
Voting is carried out in complete secrecy. Voters cast votes in ballot boxes designated for majority or proportional representation. Voters with special needs, unable of marking vote on ballot card, may do so in oral. Illiterate voters be accompanied by assistant, provided that approval of the chairman of electoral center is granted.
Source:
Law No. 4 on the Election of the General National Congress, Art. 28. (National Transitional Council of Libya): (Eng) http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/LY/libya-law-no.-4-of-2012-on-the-election-of-the-e/view (Arabic) http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/LY/libya-law-no.-4-of-2012-on-the-election-of-the/view
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Liechtenstein
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights, Pricipality of Liechtenstein, Parliamentary Elections 7 February 2021, Needs Assessment Mission Report, 2020 (7)
https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/a/f/473469.pdf
|
2025/02/18
|
|
Lithuania
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Article 66. Voting Procedure
1. Having been handed ballot papers, the voter shall go into the polling booth and mark the ballot papers. It shall be prohibited to mark ballot papers outside the polling booth.
Source:
Republic of Lithuania, Law on Elections to the Seimas (9 July 1992 No I-2721, as last amended on 22 March 2016 – No XII-2265)
art. 66
https://e-seimas.lrs.lt/portal/legalAct/lt/TAD/89e6d1a0f58111e5bf4ee4a6d3cdb874?jfwid=tu0odnkka
|
2020/06/05
|
|
Luxembourg
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
A voter who, using a pencil, pen, ballpoint pen, or a similar instrument, fills in the white circle in the box at the top of a list or marks it with a cross (+ or x) endorses the entire list. This action assigns one vote to each candidate on that list.
Each cross (+ or x) marked in one of the boxes next to the names of the candidates counts as one vote for that candidate.
Any circle that is even partially filled, and any cross, even imperfect, is considered a valid vote unless it is evident that the voter intended to make the ballot identifiable.
Source:
Electoral law, Art. 143: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/68/Luxembourg_electoral%20code_2003_amended2016_FR.pdf
|
2024/11/21
|
|
Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Article 110: The voter shall vote by circling the ordinal number of the list submitter i.e. the ordinal number of
the candidate who he/she has decided to cast the vote for and shall put the folded ballot into the
ballot box.
Source:
Electoral Code of the Republic of Macedonia including 2021 amendments, article. 110: https://www.ifes.org/document/northmacedoniaelectoralcodeupdatesseptember2021pdf
|
2024/11/19
|
|
Madagascar
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
By putting ballot paper of the preferred candidate in an envelope and placing that in the ballot box
Source:
Organic Law n° 2012-005 on the Electoral Code, art. 89 (2): http://mdm-national.mg/bureau/textes-reglementaires/textes-reglementaires/ (2013)
|
2013/02/11
|
|
Malawi
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The law allows the Malawi Electoral Commission to determine how voters vote. The established practice is manually mark the ballot.
Source:
Electoral Law: Presidential, Parliamentary and Local Government Elections Act, art. 86(3)
https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/MW/presidential-parliamentary-and-local-government/view
|
2025/07/01
|
|
Malaysia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Elections Act 1958 with the subsequent amendments, art. 13 (2): http://www.agc.gov.my/Akta/Vol.%201/Act%2019%20-%20Elections%20Act%201958.pdf (2013)
|
2013/03/21
|
|
Maldives
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
For Presidential elections, the voter places a mark on the ballot paper for the candidate.
Source:
Regulations on Presidential Elections (2013), article 28: https://www.elections.gov.mv/en/core/downloads/Presidential%20Election%20Regulation%202013..pdf
|
2019/02/15
|
|
Mali
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Voters choose one ballot out of many (each ballot represent one party) and they put the ballot they have chosen in an envelope, before putting it in the ballot box.
Les électeurs en possession de plusieurs bulletins vont faire un choix parmi ces bulletins.Ils introduiront,ensuite, le bulletin de leur choix dans une enveloppe mise à leur disposition.C'est cette enveloppe contenant le seul bulletin de leur choix qui sera introduit dans l'urne disposée dans chaque bureau de vote.
Source:
Article 81 du Code Electoral.
Verified by Mamadou Seck, Forum Civil, [email protected], 2008-02-20
|
2014/06/04
|
|
Malta
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
General Elections Act, Art. 71: http://www.parlament.mt/general_election_act?l=1 (2012)
|
2012/05/22
|
|
Marshall Islands
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Electors mark the ballot with a tick next to their preferred candidate.
Source:
Elections and Referenda Act, as amended, sec. 173. https://rmiparliament.org/cms/images/LEGISLATION/PRINCIPAL/1980/1980-0020/ElectionsandReferendaAct1980_5.pdf
|
2023/10/12
|
|
Martinique
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
g) By choosing a ballot. One ballot for each candidate or one ballot for each list.
Source:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2014/06/04
|
|
Mauritania
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Decree No. 91-141 of 13 November 1991 laying down the procedures for the conduct of the election and specifying the organization of elections of deputies to the National Assembly, art. 35
|
2024/10/28
|
|
Mauritius
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The voter must put a cross cross opposite the name of each candidate for whom he wishes to vote.
Source:
Electoral Law: National Assembly Elections Regulations, sec. 32 & 33.
|
2012/02/25
|
|
Mexico
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Marcando en la boleta únicamente el cuadro correspondiente al partido político por el que vota, o anotando el nombre del candidato no registrado por el que desea emitir su voto. En caso que el elector no sepa leer o que se encuentre impedido físicamente para marcar sus boletas de voto, podrá hacerse asistir por una persona de su confianza que le acompañe.
Source:
Electoral Law: "Ley General de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales", art, 279: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/MX/mexico-lgipe-2024/
|
2024/04/12
|
|
Micronesia, Federated States of
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The vote is carried out by ticking a prepared ballot in a special voting room.
Source:
Decree No. 14 of 2002 on Exercising Political Rights, art. 23: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/BH/bahrain-law-by-decree-on-exercising-political/view
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Moldova, Republic of
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Article 59. Ballot Paper Filling in Procedure
(1) The ballot paper shall be filled in by the voter in a secret voting booth/room only. A voter who is unable
to fill in the ballot paper by him/herself is entitled to invite another person into the voting booth, except
for the members of the electoral bureau, representatives of candidates, and persons authorised to observe
the election procedures. Such cases of assistance to unable person shall be recorded in the Precinct Electoral
Bureau report.
(2) The voter shall affix the stamp with the inscription “Voted” in the circle of only one of the quadrilaterals
on the ballot paper, which shall mean that he/she has voted for the respective candidate. The circles in the rest
of the quadrilaterals shall remain blank.
Source:
Electoral Code of The Republic of Moldova 2019, article 59: 1-2
|
2021/03/31
|
|
Monaco
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
g) By putting the ballot of his/her choice into an envelope and sliding it into the ballot box.
Source:
Law 839 regulating communal and national elections, as amended in 2002, Art. 40, 44 https://legimonaco.mc/tnc/loi/1968/02-23-839/
|
2023/09/13
|
|
Mongolia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
93.1. A person voting through a mobile box shall mark his/her vote by secret ballot in a
mobile voting booth.
94.1. A voter shall obtain a ballot paper along with its envelope and mark the name of a
candidate he/she supports according to the instruction on the ballot paper in a voting booth.
/This article was amended on May 05, 2016 by law/
94.2. A voter shall put the ballot paper in its envelope and seal it, and put in the ballot
box after he/she marks his/her vote.
Source:
Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 93, 94 : https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
|
2020/02/17
|
|
Montenegro
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Article 82: Voters may vote only for one candidate list from the ballot paper. Votes shall be cast by circling the ordinal number in front of the title of the candidate list for which the vote is cast, or by circling the title of the list or the name and surname of the leader of the list. Voters shall personally fold the ballot paper that has been filled in so that no one can see how they voted, while leaving the counterfoil unobstructed, and thereafter, while holding in their hands the folded ballot paper, they shall go to the ballot box and enable the polling board member chosen by drawing lots, and if need be, the member designated by the polling board, to detach the counterfoil from the ballot paper along the line of perforations. Voters shall thereafter put the ballot paper in the appropriate ballot box and leave the polling station.
Source:
Electoral Law: Law on the Election of Councillors and Representatives as amended in 2016, art. 82.
http://www.legislationline.org/topics/country/57/topic/6
|
2021/12/25
|
|
Morocco
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Article 75(c) (Translation): The vote is secret. The voter votes in a voting booth putting an indication in the place reserved for the list or the candidate of his choice on the single ballot stamped with the stamp of the local administrative authority.
Source:
Organic Law No. 27.11 relating to the House of Representatives, Article 75 (2011): http://www.sgg.gov.ma/Portals/0/lois/Loi_27-11_Fr.pdf
|
2022/08/02
|
|
Mozambique
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
"...the voter shall enter the voting booth, where, alone, s/he shall put a cross or fingerprint mark in the square next to the candidature for which s/he votes, and fold the ballot paper in four."
Source:
Law No. 8/2013 of 27 February 2013 regulating presidential and legislative elections (as amended by Law No. 12/2014), art. 78 (3): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/MZ/Mozambique-Law-No.-12-2014-of-13-April-2014/view (2014).
|
2024/12/04
|
|
Namibia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: Electoral Act,art. 82(10)(b).
|
2012/02/25
|
|
Nauru
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
"The voter must: (a) upon receipt of the ballot paper, retire to a polling booth; (b) mark his or her vote on the ballot paper in the way prescribed in section 74."
Source:
Electoral Act 2016, Art. 73-74. (http://ronlaw.gov.nr/nauru_lpms/files/acts/d83250a1ebdc56c1701fa7aa245af5b1.pdf).
|
2019/07/12
|
|
Nepal
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
House of Representative Electoral Act, 2017) Section 39. : http://rajpatra.dop.gov.np/welcome/book/?ref=23050 or http://www.election.gov.np/ecn/uploads/userfiles/pratinidhisabhasadasyanirwaachanain.pdf
Article
|
2018/04/06
|
|
Netherlands
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Overseas voters have the option of downloading their postal ballot electronically but have to mark and cast the ballots in hard copy.
Source:
Act of 28 September 1989 containing new provisions governing the franchise and elections (Elections Act): B6, J4a, J5, M, L, K;
http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/research/Netherlands/Netherlands_Elections%20Act_1989am2009.pdf
OSCE ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report, The Netherlands Parliamentary Elections 17 March 2021 (6)
https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/4/0/478501.pdf
|
2022/08/02
|
|
New Caledonia
|
d. Electronic voting machine
g. Other
|
Various means are possible, including voting machines of various types.
Source:
Electoral Code, Article 57-1 and L.60.
|
2009/07/05
|
|
New Zealand
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Ballot papers should be in form 11 (or form 12 for by-elections).
Source:
Elections New Zealand Official Website: http://www.elections.org.nz/voters/voting-election (2017) ;
Electoral Act 1993, Art. 150, 168:
http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1993/0087/latest/whole.html#DLM308195 (2017) ;
http://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1993/0087/latest/DLM310898.html#DLM310898
|
2024/09/04
|
|
Nicaragua
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The voters shall mark each ballot paper with an “X” or any other sign within the circle of their preference and shall fold it to be introduced into the corresponding ballot box.
Source:
Electoral Law No. 331 (as amended by law No. 790 of 23/05/2012), art. 116 (4): http://legislacion.asamblea.gob.ni/SILEG/Gacetas.nsf/5eea6480fc3d3d90062576e300504635/e2ad62ab83ae684406257a08006aebbe/$FILE/Ley%20No.%20790.pdf (2012)
|
2016/06/07
|
|
Niger
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The voter choose among different ballots, put the chosen ballot in an envelope and slide it into the ballot box.
Source:
Ordinance No. 2010-96 of 28 December 2010 establishing the Electoral Code, art. 69, 75: http://www.electionpassport.com/files/Niger-Electoral-Code-2010.pdf (2016)
|
2016/05/03
|
|
Nigeria
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Act 2010, art. 52 (2): http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=5 (2013)
|
2015/03/30
|
|
Niue
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The elector crosses out the names of all the candidates that you do not want to vote for, leaving one name only, which is the candidate for whom the electors wants to vote for.
Source:
Niue Assembly Act 1966, as amended, Act. 59.
|
2014/06/23
|
|
Northern Mariana Islands
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The instructions shall state the voter is to blacken the corresponding oval next to the candidates name that the voter intends to vote for
Source:
https://www.votecnmi.gov.mp/downloads/CEC_Regulation.pdf
Election commission regulations, section 30-10-406
|
2024/12/11
|
|
Norway
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
The Election Act, Ch. 9, Art. 9-5 (3): http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/KRD/Kampanjer/valgportal/Regelverk/Representation_of_the_People_Act170609.pdf (2012)
|
2014/06/30
|
|
Oman
|
d. Electronic voting machine
e. Telephone
|
- First time that there will be electronic voting machine.
- The new system operates through application for smart mobile phones using SIM cards of telecommunication companies operating in the Sultanate. These cards must be enhanced with electronic authentication / attestation.
(2019)
Source:
Inter-parliamentary Union: "OMAN Majles A'Shura (Consultative Council)" Legal Framework http://www.ipu.org/parline/reports/2378.htm (2015)
https://www.omanobserver.om/breaking-oman-majlis-a-shura-polls-date-announced/
https://timesofoman.com/article/1603117/Oman/Government/Remote-voting-for-Omanis-abroad-in-Majlis-Al-Shura-polls
|
2025/05/12
|
|
Pakistan
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
He shall be required to receive a personal mark, made with indelible ink, on any finger or thumb of either hand as indicated by the Commission;
Source:
Election Act including 2023 amendments, art. 84 (3-c): https://ecp.gov.pk/storage/files/2/Elections%20Act%202017%20updated/Updated%20Elections%20Act%202017-231011-105435.pdf
|
2024/11/25
|
|
Palau
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Voting Rights Act of 1981, as amended, Sec. 1503 (23 PNCA §1503).
|
2016/11/09
|
|
Palestine
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
g.) Putting a ballot in an envelope.
Source:
Elections Law 2 September 2007 regulating general elections, art. 83 (3), 86: http://www.elections.ps/Portals/0/pdf/Election_Law_%282007-Sept_02%29-EN.pdf (2013)
|
2013/04/09
|
|
Panama
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Voting over the Internet is only available for out-of-country voting and for security, sanitary, media and electoral staff who work throughout Election Day.
Source:
Electoral Code: “Código Electoral”, art. 12, 417, 423– 425, 428: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PA/panama-codigo-electoral-2023/
|
2024/12/06
|
|
Papua New Guinea
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Organic Law on National and Local-level Government Elections, Section 139: http://www.paclii.org/pg/legis/consol_act/olonalge519/ (2017)
|
2017/03/16
|
|
Paraguay
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
While the Electoral Code establishes manual voting, a pilot test was legally implemented to use electronic voting machines at a certain number of districts.
Source:
Electoral Law No. 834/96: Código Electoral Paraguayo, art. 211 y 351: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PY/paraguay-codigo-electoral-2014/ (2014)
|
2023/03/30
|
|
Peru
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
Source:
Electoral Law No. 26859 as amended by Law N° 29403 of 08-09-2009, Art 262:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PE/leyes-electorales/peru-ley-26859-organica-de-elecciones-2011/ (2016)
|
2016/02/24
|
|
Philippines
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
Source:
The Omnibus Election Code ("Batas Pambansa Blg. 881, s. 1985"), Sec. 52 (i), 195: http://www.comelec.gov.ph/?r=References/RelatedLaws/OmnibusElectionCode (2016);
Automated Election System - Republic Act No. 8436, Republic Act No. 9369, Republic Act No. 9525: http://www.comelec.gov.ph/?r=References/RelatedLaws/ElectionLaws/AutomatedElection (2016);
Final Report of the International Elections Observation Mission, The Asian Network for Free Elections ‐ ANFREL Foundation: http://newmediaauthority.com/anfrel/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/2010-Philippines.pdf (2016)
|
2016/05/11
|
|
Pitcairn Islands
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Laws of Pitcairn Chapter XI Local Government Ordinance, Part III
http://www.government.pn/Laws/Cap%2011%20-%20Local%20Government%20Ordinance.pdf
|
2019/11/06
|
|
Poland
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
§ 1 The voter shall vote for only one list of candidates, putting an "x" (two crossing lines within
the grid) on the ballot paper, in the box on the left side next to the names of one of the candidates
from this list, which indicates this candidates priority in obtaining the mandate .
Source:
Election Code: Act of 5 January 2011 on Election Code to the Sejm of the Republic of Poland and to the Senate of the Republic of Poland, article 227 (1): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/40/POL_Election%20Code.pdf
|
2024/11/13
|
|
Portugal
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Article 96
Manner in which each elector votes
1 - Each voter, appearing in the polling station, gives their name and hands over their civil
identification document to the president, if they have one.
2 - In the absence of a civil identification document, the identification of the voter shall be
checked by means of any other official document containing a current photograph, or by two
voters who certify the individual’sidentity on their word of honour, or by unanimous recognition
of the polling station officers.
3 - Once the voter has been identified, the presiding officer says their name and civil
identification number aloud and, after checking the registration, gives them a voting slip.
4 - Whenever a voter requests a Braille template of the voting slip, it is given to the voter,
overlaying the voting slip so that they can read it and cast their vote with a cross in the contour
of the square of the list corresponding to their voting choice.
5 - The voter then enters the voting booth in the polling station and there, alone, marks a cross
in the respective square of the list they are voting for and folds the voting slip into four.
6 - Returning to the ballot table, the voter hands the ballot to the presiding officer, who inserts
it into the ballot box, while the tellers note that elector has voted by initialling the column in the
electoral rolls and the line corresponding to the voter's name, intended for the purpose.
7 - After voting, any elector who asked for the Braille voting slip template returns it to the ballot
table.
8 - If a voter accidentally spoils the voting slip they must ask for another one from the presiding
officer, and give back the first one. The presiding officer shall write “spoiled” on the returned
voting slip, initial it and retain it for the purposes of Article 95(8).
Source:
Law governing Elections to the Assembly of the Republic Law no. 14/79 of 16 May 1979, Article 96:
https://www.parlamento.pt/sites/EN/Parliament/Documents/LeiEleitoralARen.pdf
|
2024/10/10
|
|
Puerto Rico
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: “Código Electoral de Puerto Rico de 2020”, art. 9.27: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PR/puerto-rico-ley-58-2020-codigo-electoral-2020/
|
2020/11/03
|
|
Qatar
|
i. Not applicable
|
|
2025/05/08
|
|
Romania
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
a.) Using a stapm bearing the word voted "Voted".
Source:
Electoral Law: Law No. 35 of 13 March 2008 for the election to the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, art. 42(6)
https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/4224/file/ROM%20Election%20Laws_en.pdf
|
2020/08/24
|
|
Russian Federation
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
8. Voting shall be carried out by a voter by marking the ballot with any sign: on the ballot for voting in the federal electoral district – in the square referring to the chosen federal list of candidates; on the ballot for voting in the single-mandate electoral district - in the square referring to the chosen candidate.
Source:
Electoral Law: Federal Law On Elections of Deputies to the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, amended as of April 5, 2016, article 81: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/34/Law%20on%20Parliamentary%20Elections%20of%20the%20Russian%20Federation%20as%20of%20February%202014.pdf
|
2024/03/29
|
|
Rwanda
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
A voter fingerprints or ticks in the appropriate box that follows the box with a photograph of the candidate he or she has voted.
Source:
Organic law N° 03/2010/OL of 18/06/2010 governing presidential and parliamentary elections, art. 57: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/RW/rwanda-organic-law-nb0-17-2003-of-07-07-2003/ (2017)
Rwanda Electoral code Chapter 8 Article 87. https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/RW/rwanda-electoral-code-regulating-the-presidential
|
2024/12/04
|
|
Réunion
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
g) By choosing a ballot paper. One ballot for each candidate or one ballot for each list.
Source:
Elections office, Ministry of Interior, France, [email protected]
|
2014/06/04
|
|
Saint Helena
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Legal Notice 24 of 2009, art 5 (1): http://www.sainthelena.gov.sh/data/files/resources/561/Elections-Ordinance.pdf (2013)
|
2013/01/18
|
|
Saint Kitts and Nevis
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
National Assembly Elections Act
Final report of the OAS on the 2010 General Election: http://www.oas.org/sap/docs/DECO/2010/SAINT_KITTS_NEVIS_JAN_25_2010.pdf (2013)
|
2013/01/18
|
|
Saint Lucia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
House of Assembly (Elections) Act, 1979, art. 59: http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Electoral/Lucia/lucia.html (2013)
|
2013/01/18
|
|
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
The Representation of the People Act, art. 31: http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Electoral/StVincent/StV&Gr.html (2013)
|
2021/12/27
|
|
Samoa
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The voter, having received a ballot paper, must immediately go into one of the inner compartments provided for marking his or her vote, and must there alone and secretly indicate on the ballot paper the candidate he or she desires to vote for by marking a tick (√) in a square set opposite to the name that candidate.
Source:
The Electoral Act 2019, Article 71 (1): https://www.palemene.ws/wp-content/uploads/Electoral-Act-2019-Eng.pdf (2021)
|
2021/04/10
|
|
San Marino
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral law N.6 of 31 January 1996, Art. 36: http://www.consigliograndeegenerale.sm/contents/instance18/files/document/21801leggi_5336.pdf (2012)
|
2012/05/28
|
|
Sao Tome and Principe
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law of the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe n.º 11/90 of 26 November 1990, as amended (latest amendment - 2006), art. 108, 122: http://www.stj.st/download/Lei_Eleitoral.pdf (2016)
|
2016/06/28
|
|
Saudi Arabia
|
i. Not applicable
|
Source:
Shura Council Law: http://www.shura.gov.sa/wps/wcm/connect/ShuraEn/internet/Laws+and+Regulations/The+Shura+Council+and+the+rules+and+regulations+job/Shura+Council+Law/ (2012);
The Basic Law of Governance: http://www.boe.gov.sa/ViewSystemDetails.aspx?lang=en&SystemID=4 (2012)
|
2012/08/20
|
|
Senegal
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Un bulletin dans une enveloppe le tout déposé dans une urne.
By choosing the ballot of their candidate and then by putting it in the ballot box
Source:
Electoral Code 2012, art. L.78 (5): http://www.elections2012.sn/images/stories/CE2012.pdf (2017)
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Serbia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: Law on the Elections of Representatives of the Republic of Serbia, art. 70.
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/RS/on-the-election-of-members-of-the-parliament/view
|
2017/03/15
|
|
Seychelles
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Elections Act Chapter 68A (1996), section 25(3)
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SC/seychelles-electoral-act-1996/view
|
2025/03/03
|
|
Sierra Leone
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
The Public Elections Act (2012), art. 74 (1-f): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SL/sierra-leone-the-public-elections-act-2012-1/
|
2017/01/16
|
|
Singapore
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
Source:
Parliamentary Elections Act, art. 42, 50A: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/SG/singapore-parliamentary-elections-act-2011/view (2017).
|
2017/03/24
|
|
Slovakia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Section 30
Voting
(5) After receiving the ballot papers and an envelope, an elector shall go to a polling booth. In the polling booth, an elector shall place in the envelope one ballot paper. On the ballot paper which an elector places in the envelope, he or she may circle the number of not more than four candidates to which he or she gives preference. Other marks on the ballot paper shall not be taken into account.
(6) An elector who is unable to mark a ballot paper owing to physical disability, or an inability to read or write, shall have the right to be accompanied in the polling booth by another elector, who is a not a member of the polling district commission, for the purpose of marking his or her ballot paper as he or she instructs and placing it in the envelope.
(7) To cast a vote, an elector shall leave the polling booth and place the envelope in the ballot box in front of the polling district commission. If an elector has not gone to a polling booth, the polling district commission shall not allow him or her to cast a vote.
(8) For serious reasons, in particular of health, the polling district commission may allow an elector on request to cast his or her vote outside the polling station and within the polling district for which the polling district commission was established. In such a case, the polling district commission shall send to the elector two of its members together with the portable ballot box, envelopes and ballot papers; these members of the commission shall ensure that secrecy of voting is observed. The elector's participation in voting shall be registered by the polling district commission in each copy of the electoral register immediately after the two commission members sent with the portable ballot box have returned to the polling station.
Source:
Act On Elections to the National Council of the Slovak Republic, Sections 30
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/SK/slovakia-municipalities-election-law-1990/view
|
2024/10/25
|
|
Slovenia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
A voter shall vote by encircling the serial number before the name of the candidate for whom he/she wishes to vote. A voter may vote for only one candidate.
Source:
National Assembly Election Act, article 73.
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/SI/national-assembly-elections-act/view
|
2017/03/30
|
|
Solomon Islands
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Art. 38 (d) an elector on receiving a ballot paper, shall go immediately into a voting compartment in the polling station, and shall then there secretly record his vote by placing a mark in the box in the ballot paper corresponding to the candidate of his choice and insert the marked folded ballot paper into the ballot box prior to leaving the polling station. The ballot box shall be placed with the polling station in such manner as to be observed by polling officials;
Source:
National Parliament Electoral Provisions Act (2010 Consolidated Version), Art. 38 (d): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/SB/solomon-islands-national-parliament-electoral-3/view (2019).
|
2019/03/01
|
|
Somalia
|
h. No information available
|
Source:
Transitional Constitution of 2012:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SO/somalia-provisional-constitution-of-2012/view
http://www.niec.so/En/about/mandate-and-functions
|
2016/11/30
|
|
South Africa
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Act of 1998 (as amended to 2013), Article 38(6): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ZA/south-africa-electoral-act-73-of-1998-as-amended/view
|
2014/05/01
|
|
South Sudan
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
A voter shall cast one vote for one candidate listed on the ballot paper
Source:
National Elections Act of 2012, art. 62, 63: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SS/south-sudan-the-national-elections-act-no.-39-of/view
|
2021/06/02
|
|
Spain
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General”, art. 81(2) 85(1), 86(2): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/ES/espana-ley-organica-5-1985-de-19-de-junio-del-1/ [2016]
|
2025/04/24
|
|
Sri Lanka
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Constitution, Art. 99: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LK/sri-lanka-constitution-as-amended-up-to-9/at_download/file
|
2016/02/04
|
|
Sudan
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
The National Elections Act 2008, art. 32 (1): http://www.gurtong.org/ResourceCenter/documents/Reports/Elections-09/nationalelectionsact2008.pdf (2012)
|
2012/09/04
|
|
Suriname
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law of 1987, Art. 99: http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Electoral/Sur/suriname.html (2012)
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Swaziland
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
g. Other
|
Source:
Electoral Law: Election Order, sec. 33(1).
|
2012/02/24
|
|
Sweden
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The voter puts the selected ballot paper in a vote envelope and close it before handing it/them over to the electoral officer/s. The voting should take place in privacy, behind a screen, to safeguard the right to a secret vote.
Source:
Electoral Law of 2005, Ch. 7, Section 2, 3: http://www.val.se/pdf/2005_elections_act.pdf (2012)
|
2014/08/04
|
|
Switzerland
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
f. Internet
g. Other
|
Source:
Electoral Law of 17 December 1976 regulating political rights, Art. 35, 8a: http://www.admin.ch/opc/en/classified-compilation/19760323/index.html (2014)
Official Website of the Swiss Chancellery, on How to Vote and Where: https://www.ch.ch/en/how-where-vote/(2014)
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Syrian Arab Republic
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
The General Electoral Laws of Syria, art 66.
|
2014/06/03
|
|
Tajikistan
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
A voter fills in a ballot-paper in a polling room or booth in secret. Presence of other persons when filling in a ballot-paper except for voter is prohibited. A voter who unable fill in a ballot-paper by himself has a right to invite another person to the polling booths or room on his/her discretion except members of the election commission, observers, media representatives.
A voter should vote only for one candidate and for one political party. A voter marks an empty box with “+” sign next to the name of a candidate or a party he or she is voting for.
Source:
Constitutional Law On Elections to the Majlisi Oli of the Republic of Tajikistan, amended as of July 26, 2014, articles 42.
|
2025/02/18
|
|
Tanzania, United Republic of
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
a voter on receiving a ballot paper shall go immediately into one of the screened compartments in the polling station, secretly record his vote in the manner provided in paragraph (e), fold up the ballot paper so as to conceal his vote and shall then show to a polling assistant the back of the paper so as to reveal the official mark and shall then put the folded ballot paper into the ballot box;
Source:
The National Elections Act 2010, art. 61 (3-f): http://www.unisa.ac.za/contents/faculties/law/docs/National_Elections_Act-.pdf (2013)
|
2015/10/26
|
|
Thailand
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The casting of vote shall be made by marking a cross on the ballot paper.
Source:
Organic Act B.E. 2541 on the Election of Members of the House of Representatives and Senators, Sec. 55: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/TH/thailand-organic-act-on-the-election-of-members-of/view
|
2023/10/11
|
|
Timor-Leste
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
The voter shall mark his or her choice by putting a cross in the white square appearing in the line corresponding to the list for which he or she opted for or by piercing the same square, as established in a specific regulation.
Source:
Law n.º 6/2006 on National Parliament Elections with the 2012 amendments, art. 43: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-06.pdf
|
2024/11/14
|
|
Togo
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Code No. 2000-07 as amended, art. 113: http://www.ifes.org/~/media/Files/Publications/Election%20Law/2005/IFES_19/EL00062.pdf (2013)
|
2013/01/03
|
|
Tonga
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Electors strike out with "pen or pencil all names on the ballot paper other than those representatives he wishes to elect."
Source:
Electoral Act (as amended in 2010 & 2014 ), Art. 12: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/TO/tonga-electoral-amendment-act-2014 (2021)
|
2021/09/15
|
|
Trinidad and Tobago
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: “Representation of the People Act”, Election Rules, Section 46: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TT/trinidad-and-tobago-rop-2016/
|
2020/08/22
|
|
Tunisia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
By putting a ballot in an envelope. Special envelopes are used; white for presidential elections and yellow for national and municipal elections.
Source:
Organic Law n° 2014-16 of 26 May 2014 on Elections and Referenda, art. 130: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/TN/tunisia-organic-law-on-elections-and-referenda/view (2014).
|
2019/08/05
|
|
Turkey
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Parliamentary Elections Law, art. 28: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1310/file/bbf6e67f60e5492350474eaa9e9a.pdf
|
2016/01/21
|
|
Turkmenistan
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Applies to presidential elections. Voting procedures for legislative elections are unknown.
Source:
Law of Turkmenistan on Elections of Deputies of the Mejlis of Turkmenistan (2008), art. 41;
Law on Elections of the President of Turkmenistan (2011), art. 46 (4)
|
2013/03/05
|
|
Turks and Caicos Islands
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: “Elections Ordinance”, Section 45(7): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TC/turks-and-caicos-elections-ordinance-2018/
|
2025/09/30
|
|
Tuvalu
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Provisions (Parliamentary) Act as amended, art. 17, 21.
|
2012/06/19
|
|
Uganda
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Parliamentary Elections Act as amended in 2010, art. 30 (5-b), 37
http://www.ec.or.ug/docs/parliamentary%20election%20Act%202005.pdf (2016)
|
2016/02/29
|
|
Ukraine
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
The Law on Elections of People's Deputies of Ukraine (latest amended in 2019), art. 85 (8): https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/en/4061-17
|
2014/10/30
|
|
United Arab Emirates
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
Source:
https://www.uaenec.ae/ar/executive-instructions
|
2019/09/25
|
|
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Representation of the People Act 1983, Schedule 1, Art. 19;
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1983/2/contents
Electoral Administration Act 2006, Schedule 1 Amendments, Part 1, Article 93
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/22/contents
|
2025/06/30
|
|
United States of America
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
b. Mechanical voting machine
c. Punch card
d. Electronic voting machine
f. Internet
g. Other
|
Other: returned via fax
Source:
The Voting Rights Act of 1965, Section 12(b)
Voting Systems Performance and Test Standards, Federal Electoral Commission
https://www.ncsl.org/research/elections-and-campaigns/internet-voting.aspx
https://www.ncsl.org/research/elections-and-campaigns/absentee-and-early-voting.aspx
|
2024/10/15
|
|
Uruguay
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Placing the ballot of the voter's preference inside an envelope which is provided by the polling officers. Then, the voter himself puts the closed envelope into the ballot box.
Source:
Electoral Law, art. 84: http://iidh-webserver.iidh.ed.cr/multic/UserFiles/Biblioteca/CAPEL/3_2010/3082.pdf (2012)
|
2012/10/31
|
|
Uzbekistan
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Article 55: After receiving the ballot paper, the voter fills it in the booth or room for secret ballot. The presence of persons other than the voter shall not be permitted when filling out the ballot. A voter who is not able to fill in the ballot paper on his / her own has the right to invite another person to the booth or the secret ballot room at his / her discretion, with the exception of persons who are members of the election commission, observers and representatives of the media.
The voter puts a "+" or "✓" or "x" sign in an empty square located to the right opposite the surname of the candidate, the name of the political party for which he votes.
The voter shall put the completed ballot paper into the ballot box.
Source:
Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 10, Article 55: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
|
2024/08/22
|
|
Vanuatu
|
g. Other
|
by manually picking and inserting a simple ballot into a ballot envelope before depositing into the ballot box.
Source:
Representation of the People Act, art. 37 (schedule 5(10)(2)): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/VU/vanuatu-representation-of-the-people-act-1982-as/at_download/file
|
2025/04/10
|
|
Venezuela
|
d. Electronic voting machine
|
Exceptionally, ballots are manually marked.
Source:
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica de Procesos Electorales”, art. 121, 133: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/VE/venezuela-ley-organica-procesos-electorales-2009/
|
2020/11/15
|
|
Viet Nam
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Law of 1997 on Election of Deputies to the National Assembly, as amended and supplemented by laws No. 31/2001/QH10 and No: 63/2010/QH12, art. 58, 59, 60: http://www.moj.gov.vn/vbpq/en/lists/vn%20bn%20php%20lut/view_detail.aspx?itemid=2526 (2016)
|
2021/03/24
|
|
Virgin Islands, British
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
|
Section 36 of the principal Act is amended by deleting subsection
(2) and substituting with the following:
“(2) Where the
(a) manual voting system is utilised, the ballot of each
voter shall be a printed paper in Form No. 22 (in
this Act called “a ballot paper”) in which the names,
addresses, occupations and symbols of the
candidates, alphabetically arranged in the order of
their surnames and numbered accordingly shall be
printed exactly as they are set out in the nomination
paper. Each ballot paper shall have attached to it a
counterfoil with a number printed on the face of the
ballot paper and there shall be a line of perforations
between the ballot paper and the counterfoil; or
(b) electronic tabulating system is utilised, the ballot of
each voter shall be a printed paper in Form No. 22A
(in this Act called “a ballot paper”) in which the
names, addresses, occupations and symbols of the
candidates, alphabetically arranged in the order of
their surnames and numbered accordingly shall be
printed exactly as they are set out in the nomination
paper.”
Source:
Elections (Amendment) Act, 2019, Article 36(2)
http://bvi.gov.vg/pub/Elections_(Amendment)_Act_2019.pdf
|
2019/03/05
|
|
Virgin Islands, U.S.
|
h. No information available
|
|
2009/08/14
|
|
Wallis and Futuna
|
d. Electronic voting machine
g. Other
|
Various means are possible, including voting machines of various types.
Source:
Electoral Code, Article 57-1 and L.60.
|
2009/07/05
|
|
Western Sahara
|
h. No information available
|
|
2009/08/14
|
|
Yemen
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
General Elections and Referendum Law of 2001, art. 100 (b): http://www.scer.org.ye/english/generalelectionslaw.htm (2012)
|
2012/08/22
|
|
Zambia
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Once the voter has received a ballot paper,the voter shall — mark the ballot paper in a way that indicates the candidate the voter wishes to vote for.
Source:
Electoral Law: Electoral Act, art. 59
http://www.elections.org.zm/media/electoral__act_2006.pdf
|
2016/06/28
|
|
Zanzibar
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Act No. 11 of 1984 as amended, art. 68 (3-e)
http://www.temco.udsm.ac.tz/images/stories/Electral_Laws/ZANZIBAR-ELECTION-ACT-2010.pdf (2016)
|
2016/04/05
|
|
Zimbabwe
|
a. Manually marking of ballots
|
Source:
Electoral Law: Electoral Act, art. 57(c)(ii).http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ZW/zimbabwe-consolidated-electoral-act-amended-2018/view
|
2018/10/31
|
Forgot your password?