I. Pre-electoral preparation period

A. Roles and Definitions, Registration of Political Parties

B. Financing a political party prior to the electoral period (Election Day)
Campaign Finance

C. Quotas and establishing a diverse party structure and candidate list

Preparing a diverse candidate list prior to E-day
Women Candidates and the Electoral Cycle with Representation
Women’s empowerment and the pre-electoral cycle
Minority Representation and Quotas

D. Candidate and Party Leadership Selection

E. Candidate Registration/Requirements/Nomination during pre-electoral period

Electoral Management Bodies (EMB)

F. Electoral Campaign and Media in Elections Campaign during pre-electoral period

Electronic platforms, media and member/voter outreach in pre-electoral period

II. Election Day and electoral period operations

A. By-Elections

B. Primary Elections

C. Electoral Alliances and Coalitions

III. Post-electoral period strategy

A. Political Party Internal Structure

B. Party Structure, Party Members

Internal Voluntary Party Regulations

C. Government Formation

D. Party Group/Party Caucus

E. Floor-Crossing

IV. Electoral Cycle & Technology (2012)

Role of Technology in Political Party Operations During the Election Cycle (2012)

Voter outreach, on-line platforms, texting, SMS, Twitter, FaceBook…

Egypt: pre-electoral planning

Pre-electoral period/revolution

IFLA: Tech in the pre-electoral period

Social Media in the Egyptian Revolution: Reconsidering Resource Mobilization Theory.

International Journal of Communication 5 (2011), Feature 1207–1224 1932–8036/2011FEA1207

Copyright © 2011 http://ijoc.org.  NAHED ELTANTAWY and JULIE B. WIEST, High Point University

Morsi, Hani.  Digital activism in post-revolution Egypt: How relevant is online dissidence in the marathon for democracy? 
Kenya: Election Day and electoral impact

Kenya 2013 elections (overview)

Technology on Election Day to prevent violence

E-day SMS to monitor elections

Using cellphone tech to monitor on E-day: http://www.itweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=53625 and http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2012/03/201231794555689422.html

Republic of Georgia: post-electoral strategy

IFES/Georgia and electronic balloting

EurasiaNet, Pitfalls of Electoral Tech

Democracy and Freedom Watch: October 2012 elections in Georgia

IFES Elections Georgia (gen)

V. Case Studies

1) Arab Spring: and Gender & Minority Representation during pre-electoral planning and impact on the electoral implementation period (2012)

• Tunisia
• Libya
• Egypt

2) India: Reservation of seats for minorities, pre-electoral planning period (2006)

3) Cambodia: Code of Conduct for Political Parties in the pre-electoral period (2006)

4) United States: Study of Primary Elections during the electoral period (2006)

5) South Africa: during the post-electoral strategy period (2006)