Regulations for political party names
Regulations for political party names
ACE, October 25. 2013The Question
This question is posed on behalf of Marie-Christine Ross, Office of the Directeur général des élections du Québec
Does your electoral law include a section that states regulation for political parties when choosing their party name and/or the printing of that name on a ballot?
More precisely:
- does it regulate the number of characters used?
- does it regulate bilingual names/the possibility of having a name in two languages or more/which language can be used?
- does it state if the name of a party can be printed on more than one line on the ballot?
- does it state rules regarding the choice of a name, the words used or other criteria that might lead to refusing the choice of name of a party by the electoral body (for example a name that would imply discrimination, racism, sexism, etc.).
Summary of Responses
Practitioners’ Network (PN) members shared various forms of legislation governing political party titles. However, several noted their electoral laws do not regulate how political parties choose their names, and election commissions and other national or local bodies can play a role in this process.
One PN member suggested that rules governing political party titles should be left out of laws voted by elected assemblies, and more efficiently covered by by-laws and regulations conferred on a state organization like an electoral commission. This is the case in both Canada and Quebec. Members also suggested other bodies can effectively regulate this process. For instance, a member from Burundi shared that names and signs for parties are filed with the Ministry of the Interior, which employs criteria for party names in the process of approving political parties. Party names must not threaten national unity. The same member also added that Burundi’s Election Code allows the EMB to intervene in situations directly affecting the electoral process, such as two parties using similar signs and potentially confusing voters.
In Wallonia (Belgium), one member shared the Code of Local Democracy and Decentralization (CDLD), entailing regulations on the number of characters and signs parties can use to represent themselves with in lists. Moreover, the code allows parties to request the Walloon Parliament to ban acronyms or logos that are protected (e.g. 2012 elections). In Switzerland there are no rules governing the printing of names on the ballot, as a member noted, and there there also no rules restricting discriminatory or offensive names, however it is punishable through the criminal code.
Finally, a few members suggested resources to further explore this question such as NDI’s ‘Political Parties and Democracy in Theoretical and Practical Perspectives: Adopting a Party Law’ (Page 15). Members also shared aspects of national electoral codes for the following countries: Ecuador (Article 316), Costa Rica (Article 28), and New Zealand.
External Resources:
Political Parties and Democracy in Theoretical and Practical Perspectives (NDI)
Contributing Members:
- Manassé Manirambona
- Thomas Mathew
- Alain Gauthier
- Aneesa Walji
- Aram Jamal
- Christine Ndayishimiye
- Régis Dandoy
- Victor Hugo Ajila
- Kgopedi Molefe
- Ronald Chacón Badilla
- Mbeng Njang Emmanuel
- Robert Marsh
- Jean Bosco Hitimana
- Atem Oben Henry Ekpeni
- Michel Chevallier
Re: Regulations for political party names
Manassé Manirambona, October 25. 2013La loi électorale au Burndi ne comporte pas de section qui stipule la réglementation des partis politiques au moment de choisir le nom de leur parti et/ou l'impression de ce nom sur un bulletin de vote. Les noms et les signes des partis qui sont imprimés sur le bulletin de vote sont souvent ceux qui sont déposés au ministère de l'Intérieur. Pour toutes les précisions qui s'impose, la commission électorale faut référence aux lois et réglements en vigeur dans le Pays tout en privilegiant les échanges avec tous les partenaires afin de prendre des décisions concertée.
Re: Regulations for political party names
Thomas Mathew, October 25. 2013A provision for regulating the name of a party can be part of the regulations. The Election Commission should have the powers to regulate the name to ensure that it does not relate to any religion, race, locality.
The party can be asked to give abbreviations for printing on the ballot paper as some times the name of the party may be too long to be printed on the ballot paper.
Re: Regulations for political party names
Alain Gauthier, October 25. 2013I am sure that other experts will have actual knowledge to contribute to this query. However, I would simply comment that such details should be left out of laws (voted by elected assemblies) and more efficiently covered in by-laws and regulations (which are under the authority vested to a state organization (in this case) an electoral commission.
Laws are difficult to modify and regulations more easily adjusted.
NB This is typically the practice in Canada and in Québec.
Regards,
Alain
Re: Regulations for political party names
Aneesa Walji, October 25. 2013Though it's a bit dated, consider checking NDI's publication entitled "Political Parties and Democracy in Theoretical and Practical Perspectives: Adopting a Party Law." Might be helpful. For example, on page 15 and onwards, there are some sample laws from different jurisdictions that regulate political party names.
Best,
Aneesa
Re: Regulations for political party names
Aram Jamal, October 25. 2013My Dear,
I want to clarify the mentioned subject of political parties in My country..in Kurdistan region-Iraq, legislators have found resolve for this issue in political parties law No(13) of (1993). it does not state in parliament election law. then, based on this law IHEC issues regulations and instructions in this regard. but in Iraq this subject resolved in Iraqi representative council election's law because there is not political parties law yet.
regards
Aram
Re: Regulations for political party names
Marguerite Yoli-Bi Kone, October 25. 2013E C d 'I, l l e n 'e p e s c q. c l f q e l c e l l d c d p p i l 'u de a d p o l 3 c e d d d p p s o c d 'u p p. c p l r d c, l c é l u a d a c d d a l d, l n e l s c a q l c e d s c.t, a m d t d d , i a à l c d t a l c e c d c. a l n 'e i c q 'u p c u n d u d 6 l d p.m e g l n d l l e e f q e l l n e C d 'I.
Current state: Awaiting moderation.
Please note that not all comments are published.
- Contributions are moderated in a way to encourage replies that are closely related to the topic and question at hand.
- Contributions should provide clear and direct answers to the user posing the question.
- Contributions made on the ACE Workspace are expected to be made in the personal capacity of each member, and should not promote any commercial service or product.
- Contributions that do not contribute to the deepening of a discussion and engagement between practitioners may be retracted.
Re: Regulations for political party names
Christine Ndayishimiye, October 25. 2013Christine Ndayishimiye du Burundi
Juste pour compléter mon compatriote qui vient de répondre à la question, je voudrais ajouter que au moment de l’agrément des partis politiques, Le Ministère de l'intérieur tient compte d'un critère qui revient dans la question posée à savoir le fait qu'il faut choisir un nom qui ne porte pas atteinte à l'unité nationale . Il faut aussi préciser que même le code électoral prévoit que l'OGE ne peut recevoir un signe d'un parti politique lorsque celui ci ressemble trait pour trait à celui d'un autre parti en vue d'éviter la confusion.
Re: Regulations for political party names
Régis Dandoy, October 25. 2013Concerning the local elections in Wallonia (Belgium):
Le code de la démocratie locale et de la décentralisation (CDLD) stipule que les listes sont identifiées par un sigle. Celui-ci est composé au plus de douze lettres et/ou chiffres et au plus de treize signes (art. L4142-26 CDLD). Selon l’article L4112-5 §2, le sigle est formé des initiales soit de tous les mots, soit d’une partie des mots qui composent la dénomination de la liste de candidats.
Le code de la démocratie locale permet également aux partis politiques présents au Parlement wallon de faire parvenir au Gouvernement wallon une demande motivée visant à l’interdiction de sigles ou logos ayant fait l’objet d’une protection (art. L4142-27 CDLD). Pour les élections 2012, les anciens noms des partis politiques traditionnels ont été interdits (PRL, POB, PSC, PSB, PLPW, etc.). Ecolo a également demandé que les sigles ECOLO-VERTS, ECOLO-V et VERTS soient interdits. L’objectif de ces restrictions est de diminuer le risque de confusion entre tendances politiques dans l’isoloir.
Enfin, le 15 mars 2012, la Cour d’appel de Liège a, à la demande de la présidente du Front national français, Marine Le Pen, interdit à quiconque d’utiliser en Belgique le nom Front national, les initiales FN et la flamme tricolore[1]. Cette décision fut transmise aux présidents des bureaux de circonscriptions par une circulaire du 14 septembre 2012 relative à la présentation des actes de candidatures les 13 et 14 septembre dans le cadre des élections communales et provinciales du 14 octobre 2012.
[1] BLAISE, P., DE COOREBYTER, V. et FANIEL, J., « La préparation des élections communales et provinciales du 14 octobre 2012 », Courrier hebdomadaire du CRISP, n° 2150-2151, 2012, pp. 34-35.
Re: Regulations for political party names
Víctor Hugo Ajila Mora, October 28. 2013En Ecuador, la ley electoral (llamada Código de la Democracia) dispone: “Art. 316.- Las organizaciones políticas inscribirán el nombre, símbolo, emblema o cualquier distintivo que las individualicen y distingan de las demás organizaciones políticas o de cualquier otra persona jurídica.
El nombre de la organización política no podrá utilizar ni aludir el de personas vivas, ningún elemento que aproveche indebidamente la fe religiosa, que exprese antagonismos o contengan el nombre del país o de una jurisdicción como único calificativo.
Ninguno de los otros elementos señalados en el párrafo anterior podrá incorporar entre sus componentes los símbolos de la patria o de las respectivas localidades”.
La disposición legal es desarrollada por reglamentos emitidos por el organismo electoral (Consejo Nacional Electoral), ya que estos son más fáciles de ajustar o reformar si es necesario. En cambio la ley requiere de un trámite más complicado para su reforma.
El procedimiento aplicado permite:
- Que previo a aprobar el nombre y los símbolos de una organización política se publique un aviso en los periódicos de mayor circulación del lugar para que pueda impugnar quien se sienta afectado. Se debe evitar que los nombres y/o símbolos se confundan con los de otros partidos.
- En las papeletas de votación se imprime el nombre y símbolo de la organización política, tal como consta en el registro. También se imprime el nombre del candidato o candidata. No hay límite de caracteres.
- Se permite nombres de partidos escritos en castellano y en las lenguas que se hablan en Ecuador.
- Si en el registro se hubiera inscrito el nombre de un partido en dos idiomas, así aparecerá en la papeleta de votación.
El nombre y símbolo se consideran patrimonio de la organización política, mientras el número de lista es asignado por el organismo electoral al momento de la inscripción, según el ámbito de acción (nacional o local) y si se trata de partido o movimiento político.
Cuando un partido se extingue, el número queda vacante y el organismo electoral puede asignarlo a otra organización política.
Saludos desde Ecuador.
Víctor Hugo Ajila
Re: Regulations for political party names
Kgopedi Molefe, October 28. 2013In South Africa a political party name must not be similar to that of an existing party; the name must be unique to an extend where it shoulsd not be confused with any other party or to an extent that it does not confuse voters. The abbreviated name of the party must consist of not more than eight letters. In terms of the language there is no regulation, a party can use two languages for example we have Conservative Party/Konserwatiewe Party in English/Afrikaans respectively.
Regards,
Kgopedi Willy Molefe (IEC South Africa)
Re: Regulations for political party names
Ronald Chacón Badilla, October 29. 2013The Costa Rican regulatory regime establishes general guidelines about the name or the distinctive elements that characterize each political party. Thereby, the 28th article of the Costa Rican Constitution bans any kind of political propaganda using religious beliefs in order to influence electorate’s political will. Based on this postulate, parties cannot include in its motto, name or distinctive elements any religious movement symbol.
In addition, article 55 of the Costa Rican Electoral Act proposes that the name and motto belongs to each party, which cannot be used by other parties in order to prevent any confusion. The electoral law also raises the possibility to modify names and slogans of political parties until eight months before the Election Day.
Briefly, these are the main guidelines related to the name of political parties; however, there’s no regulation in Costa Rica about the number of characters used in the composition of political parties’ name neither any express prohibition in the language of each distinctive slogan. Moreover, there’s no indication in the electoral law about the incorporation of the political parties’ name on the ballot that will be used on the Election Day.
Re: Regulations for political party names
Mbeng Njang Emmanuel, October 29. 2013The Cameroon Electoral law has no special legislation related to the formation of political parties.The number of political parties are not limited. Politicians are free to choose names that reflect their objectives and goals and such names may be in English or French as the case may be given the fact that Cameroon is a Bilingual country.The number of words or length of names are not limited.Consequently Government does not reject names of political parties except in a case where the name is discriminatory or rebellious.
Re: Regulations for political party names
Robert Marsh, October 29. 2013The (short) provision in New Zealand's Electoral Act can be found here.
Re: Regulations for political party names
Jean Bosco Hitimana, November 02. 2013Au Burundi, la Constitution de la République qui est la loi fondamentale interdit de fonder les partis politiques ayant comme sylogan ou appelation qui contient un message basé sur la discrimination éthnique, régionale, raciale ou sur le genre. De surcroît, la loi électorale interdit pour deux partis politiques d'utiliser les mêmes insignes, sigles ou logos afin de pouvoir les identifier les uns aux autres.
Re: Regulations for political party names
Henry Atem, November 11. 2013.
Each established political has a logo unique to it. The Electoral Code gives the power to the EMB through its Director General of Elections to fix the size of ballot papers after consulting the Electoral Board (Commissioners). Each ballot paper or name of a political party and abbreviation are written in English and French
and carry the unique logo of the party.
The attached Laws on the creation of a political party and the Electoral Code of Cameroon can give you more insights on this subject.
Re: Regulations for political party names
Michel Chevallier, November 13. 2013Bonjour Marie-Christine,
En Suisse, pays quadrilingue, la loi ne prescrit pas de nombre de caractères que peut ou doit contenir un nom de parti. La traduction des noms est laissé à la libre appréciation des partis. C'est ainsi par exemple que le parti qui s'appelle en français "Parti socialiste" s'appelle en allemand "Parti social-démocrate" ou que la Parti qui s'appelle en français "Union démocratique du centre (et qui est très à droite sur l'échiquier politique) s'appelle en allemand "Parti du peuple suisse".
Ceci étant, si un parti voulait se baptiser d'un nom anglais - qui n'est pas une langue nationale - il pourrait.
Il n'y a pas de règles quant à l'impression des noms sur les bulletins de vote.
Il n'y a pas dans la loi sur les droits politiques de règle qui bannit les noms contenant par exemple des appels à la discrimination, mais ces noms sont punissables par le biais du code pénal.