Info
Boundary Delimitation
BD001
Delimitation of constituencies
Question: Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The Delimitation Commission which shall consist of three members as follows:—(a) one member, who shall be a person who is or has been a Judge of the Supreme Court, to be appointed by the Central Government who shall be the Chairperson of the Commission; (b) the Chief Election Commissioner or an Election Commissioner nominated by the Chief Election Commissioner, ex officio: Provided that after the nomination of an Election Commissioner as a member under this clause, no further nomination under this clause shall be made except to fill the casual vacancy of such member under section 6; and (c) the State Election Commissioner of concerned State, ex officio.
Source: The Constitution of India, Article 327: https://cdnbbsr.s3waas.gov.in/s380537a945c7aaa788ccfcdf1b99b5d8f/uploads/2023/05/2023050195.pdf
The Representation of the People Act, 1951, Sec 3: https://www.indiacode.nic.in/handle/123456789/18557?locale=en
The Delimitation Act, 2002: https://cdnbbsr.s3waas.gov.in/s380537a945c7aaa788ccfcdf1b99b5d8f/uploads/2023/01/2023010998.pdf
Verified: 2024/06/12
BD003
Criteria for drawing boundaries
Question: On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
Answer(s):
a . "Equality" of population e . Geographic size of district
Comments: Delimitation Act, 2002, Section 9:
(a) all constituencies shall, as far as practicable, be geographically compact areas, and in delimiting them regard shall be had to physical features, existing boundaries of administrative units, facilities of communication and public convenience; (b) every assembly constituency shall be so delimited as to fall wholly within one parliamentary constituency; (c) constituencies in which seats are reserved for the Scheduled Castes shall be distributed in different parts of the State and located, as far as practicable, in those areas where the proportion of their population to the total is comparatively large; and (d) constituencies in which seats are reserved for the Scheduled Tribes shall, as far as practicable, be located in areas where the proportion of their population to the total is the largest.
Source: Delimitation Act, 2002, Section 9: https://www.indiacode.nic.in/show-data?abv=RJ&statehandle=123456789/2505&actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510§ionId=27991§ionno=9&orderno=9&orgactid=AC_RJ_83_1112_00003_00003_1591165963191
Verified: 2024/06/12
BD005
Body responsible for drawing boundaries
Question: The body responsible for drawing the boundaries is:
Answer(s):
d . Boundary Commission
Comments: Delimitation Act, 2002, Section 4:
Duties of the Commission.—(1) The readjustment made, on the basis of the census figures as ascertained at the census held in the year 1971 by the Delimitation Commission constituted under section 3 of the Delimitation Act, 1972 (76 of 1972), of the allocation of seats in the House of the People to the several States and the total number of seats in the Legislative Assembly of each State shall be deemed to be the readjustment made by the Commission for the purposes of this Act.
Source: Delimitation Act, 2002, Section 4: https://www.indiacode.nic.in/show-data?abv=RJ&statehandle=123456789/2505&actid=AC_CEN_3_20_00030_200233_1517807324510§ionId=27986§ionno=4&orderno=4&orgactid=AC_RJ_83_1112_00003_00003_1591165963191
Verified: 2024/06/12
Electoral Systems
ES001
Head of State
Question: How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s):
e . Elected by electoral college or committee
Comments: The President shall be elected by the
members of an electoral college consisting of—
(a) the elected members of both Houses of Parliament; and
(b) the elected members of the Legislative Assemblies of the States.
Source: The Constitution of India, Articles 53-55: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Verified: 2024/06/12
ES002
Head of Government
Question: How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer:
e . Appointed
Comments: The Prime Minister shall be appointed by the President and the other Ministers shall be appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister.
Source: The Constitution of India, Article 75: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Verified: 2024/06/12
ES003
President
Question: Does the country have a president?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: The Constitution of India, Articles 52- 62: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Verified: 2024/06/12
ES004
Number of Chambers
Question: The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer:
b . Two chambers
Comments: "There shall be a Parliament for the Union which shall consist of the President and two Houses to be known
respectively as the Council of States and the House of the People."
Source: The Constitution of India, Article 79: https://lddashboard.legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/COI...pdf
Verified: 2024/06/12
ES005
Electoral System (Chamber 1)
Question: What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s):
a . Plurality (FPTP)
Comments:
Source: The Constitution of India, Article 81: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Verified: 2019/04/03
Legislative Framework
LF001
Status of Electoral Law
Question: What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Part of Constitution b . Separate legislation d . Regulations or administrative rules
Comments: The Constitution is supplemented by the laws of Parliament. The major laws are Representation of the People Act 1950, dealing mainly with the preparation and revision of electoral rolls, and the Representation of the People Act 1951, that takes into account all aspects of the conduct of elections and post-election disputes. In addition, the process is regulated by orders issued by the Election Commission of India.
Source: The Constitution of India: https://lddashboard.legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/COI...pdf
The Representation of the People Act, 1950: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-representation-of-the-people-act-1950/view
Amendment to the Representation of the People Act, 1950: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-representation-of-the-people-act-amendment/view
The Representation of the People Act, 1951: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/index_html?filter&topic=&country=India&type=Laws%20and%20Regulations
Amendment to the Representation of the People Act, 1951: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-representation-of-the-people-act-amendment-1/view
Verified: 2024/06/13
LF003
Electoral Law covers
Question: The national electoral law covers:
Answer(s):
a . National elections
Comments: The election of local bodies (except those in the Union Territories and cantonment areas) falls under the States per item 5, List II of VII Schedule. State laws concerning elections to local bodies must conform not only to the Constitution but also to the central laws in this respect. The central acts have ascendancy over the state acts in matters concerning representation of the people. Per article 328, a state law can only fill in the gap left by the central acts. It can neither contravene nor override the central laws so as to put the citizens to disadvantage.
Source: The Representation of the People Act, 1950, Preamble: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-representation-of-the-people-act-1950/view
The Representation of the People Act, 1951, Preamble: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-representation-of-the-people-act-1951/view
Verified: 2019/04/03
LF004
Compulsory/voluntary voting
Question: Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
Answer(s):
a . Voting is voluntary
Comments:
Source: The Constitution of India, Article 326: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Verified: 2024/06/18
LF007
Electoral Disputes Agency(ies)
Question: What are the agency(ies) responsible for the first level of formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s):
a . Judiciary
Comments: High Court to try election petitions.
(1) The Court having jurisdiction to try an election petition shall be the High Court.
(2) Such jurisdiction shall be exercised ordinarily by a single Judge of the High Court and the Chief Justice shall, from time to time, assign one or more Judges for that purpose:
Provided that where the High Court consists only of one Judge, he shall try all election petitions presented to that
Court.
(3) The High Court in its discretion may, in the interests of justice or convenience, try an election petition, wholly or
partly, at a place other than the place of seat of the High Court.
Source: The Representation of the People Act 1951, Section 80A: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
Verified: 2024/06/18
Electoral Management
EM002
Responsibility of national EMB
Question: Does the national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
Answer(s):
a . National level b . Regional level
Comments: The central EMB is responsible for conducting elections to the national legislature (Parliament) and also for the state legislatures. In addition, it is also responsible for conducting (indirect)elections for the President and the vice-President of India.
"The superintendence, direction and control of the preparation of the electoral rolls for, and the conduct of, all elections to Parliament and to the Legislature of every State and of elections to the offices of President and Vice-President held under this Constitution shall be vested in a Commission."
Source: The Constitution of India, Article 324: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Verified: 2024/06/18
EM004
EMB budget determined by
Question: The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
Answer(s):
d . A national government department
Comments: The Secretariat of the Commission has an independent budget, which is finalised directly in consultation between the Commission and the Finance Ministry of the Union Government. The latter generally accepts the recommendations of the Commission for its budgets.
Source: Electoral Commission of India on Budget and Expenditure: https://eci.gov.in/about/about-eci/the-setup-r1/
Verified: 2024/06/19
EM005
EMB expenditures controlled by
Question: The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
Answer(s):
g . Other
Comments: The Secretariat of the Commission has an independent budget, which is finalised directly in consultation between the Commission and the Finance Ministry of the Union Government. The latter generally accepts the recommendations of the Commission for its budgets.
Source: Electoral Commission of India on Budget and Expenditure: https://eci.gov.in/about/about-eci/the-setup-r1/
Verified: 2019/04/10
EM006
Term of EMB members
Question: The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
Answer:
b . For a specified number of years
Comments: The Election Commission is appointed for a period of 6 years or to the period until the member reaches the age of 65 years (whichever comes first).
Source: Election Commission (Conditions of Service of Election Commissioners and Transaction of Business) Act, Article 4: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/A1991-11_0.pdf
Verified: 2019/04/10
EM012
Electoral Management model
Question: What is the Electoral Management model?
Answer:
b . Independent
Comments:
Source: https://aceproject.org/ace-en/topics/em/annex/electoral-management-case-studies/india-the-embodiment-of-emb-independence
Verified: 2024/06/21
EM013
Number of EMB members
Question: The EMB is composed of:
Answer:
a . 1 - 10 members (specify)
Comments: 3 members
Source: https://aceproject.org/ace-en/topics/em/emd/emd01/emd01e
Verified: 2024/06/19
EM014
Membership based on
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected on the basis of their:
Answer:
b . Expertise
Comments:
Source: The Constitution of India, Article 324: https://lddashboard.legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/COI...pdf
Verified: 2024/06/19
EM015
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected by:
Answer(s):
a . Head of State
Comments: The EMB members are selected by the President.
Source: The Constitution of India, Article 324: https://lddashboard.legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/COI...pdf
Verified: 2024/06/19
Voter Education
VE001
Information campaigns performed by
Question: Who conducts information campaigns for national elections (informing where, when and how to register and/or vote)?
Answer(s):
a . National Electoral Management Body
Comments: Systematic Voters’ Education and Electoral Participation program, better known as SVEEP, is the flagship program of the Election Commission of India for voter education, spreading voter awareness and promoting voter literacy in India. Since 2009, Election Commission of India has been working towards preparing India’s electors and equipping them with basic knowledge related to the electoral process.
Source: 'SVEEP': https://ecisveep.nic.in
Verified: 2024/06/21
VE002
Frequency of voter education programs
Question: At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
Answer:
a . Continuously
Comments:
Source: Electoral Commission of India 'SVEEP': http://ecisveep.nic.in/approach/approach-of-sveep/
Verified: 2024/06/21
VE003
National civic education
Question: Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
Answer(s):
b . Yes, conducted by the National Electoral Management Body
Comments:
Source: Electoral Commission of India 'SVEEP': https://eci.gov.in/sveep/
Verified: 2024/06/21
Voter Registration
VR001
Voting age
Question: What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
Answer:
c . 18
Comments: [19. Conditions of registration. — Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Part, every person who —
(a) is not less than [eighteen years] of age on the qualifying date, and
Source: Representation of People Act 1950, Sec 19(a): https://lddashboard.legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act,%201950.pdf
Verified: 2024/06/21
VR002
Other voting requirements
Question: Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Citizenship e . Other
Comments: Representation of the People Act, 1950, Sec. 16. Disqualifications for registration in an electoral roll. —(1) A person shall be disqualified for registration in an electoral roll if he—
(a) is not a citizen of India; or
(b) is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court; or
(c) is for the time being disqualified from voting under the provisions of any law relating to corrupt practices and other offences in connection with elections.
Source: Representation of the People Act, 1950, Sec. 16-20: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201950.pdf
Verified: 2024/06/21
VR004
Authority responsible for voter registration
Question: Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
Answer:
d . Election Management Body (specify)
Comments: Representation of the People Act, 1950, Sec. 13A(2): Subject to the superintendence, direction and control of the Election Commission, the chief electoral officer shall supervise the preparation, revision and correction of all electoral rolls in the State under this Act.
Source: Representation of People Act 1950, Sec 13: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201950.pdf
Verified: 2024/06/21
VR008
Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Question: Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: Based on a door-to-door survey, the names of those surveyed are put in the voter register "automatically" by the surveyor. The voter does not have to apply to be on the voter register and in that sense it is automatic. The census data is analysed to check the gaps in electoral roll, particularly, in the areas of gender ratio, elector population ratio, age cohort in enrolment. The Chief Electoral Officers propose the strategy to remove the imbalances observed in the areas.
Source: Representation of People Act 1950, Sec 23: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201950.pdf
Manual on Electoral Rolls (October 26- Document 10 - Edition 1): file:///C:/Users/Risa.Arai/Downloads/Manual%20on%20Electoral%20Roll,%202016%20-%20(%20English%20).pdf
Verified: 2019/04/11
Parties and Candidates
PC001
Registration requirements for parties (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
b . Deposit requirement (specify amount)
Comments: In India, only candidates contest elections. However, some of these candidates are set-up and sponsored by political parties. There is no separate registration of political parties for contesting an election. Registration of political parties is done by the Election Commission (section 29 A of Representation Act 1951) when certain simple requirements, such as contribution of the party, name, and registered office of the party etc. are met. Also, for the registration of political parties, Rs. 10.000/- needs to be paid as a processing fee.
More important is the 'recognition' of political parties either as 'national party' or 'state party', which depends upon geographical spread of the party and a certain percentage of votes obtained in the last preceding general election. Candidates set up by recognized parties get preferential treatment in the allocation of election symbol reserved for such party.
Source: The Representation of the People Act, 1951, Section 29 A: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-representation-of-the-people-act-1951/view
Verified: 2024/06/25
PC003
Registration requirements for candidates (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
a . Age b . Citizenship d . Residence j . Other
Comments: 3(1) A candidate shall not be deemed to be duly nominated for election from a constituency
unless he deposits or causes to be deposited, —
(a) in the case of an election from a Parliamentary constituency, [a sum of twenty-five thousand rupees or where the candidate is a member of a Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe, a sum of twelve thousand five hundred rupees]; and
(b) in the case of an election from an Assembly or Council constituency, [a sum of ten thousand rupees or where the candidate is a member of a Scheduled Caste or Scheduled Tribe, a sum of five thousand rupees]:
Source: The Representation Of The People (Amendment) Act, 1996
Act 21 of 1996: https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1385811/
Verified: 2024/06/25
PC008
Independent candidates
Question: Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
Answer(s):
e . In both presidential and legislative elections
Comments:
Source: The Representation of the People Act, 1951, Section 33: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
Handbook for Candidates, Chapter III Section 9(b): https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/HandbookforCandidates/812155#6
Verified: 2024/06/25
PC012
Public funding of parties
Question: Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
Answer(s):
c . Indirect
Comments: No funds in form of money are given to any party from the state. Free time on state-owned radio and TV is given by a special formula devised by the Election Commission of India.
Source: Compendium of Instruction on Media Related Matters (January 2017): https://eci.gov.in/files/file/6922-compendium-of-instructions-on-media-related-matters/
Verified: 2019/04/11
PC015
Question: What is the basis of the public funding?
Answer(s):
e . Other
Comments: Special formula devised by the Election Commission of India. The formula is very elaborate. It is for providing free time on state owned media, i.e. telecasts and broadcasts. Only the nationally and state recognized parties are given such free time. Total time, varying from 10 hours on nationwide media and 30 hours on statewide media is reserved and allotted to recognized parties.
Source: Compendium of Instruction on Media Related Matters (January 2017): https://eci.gov.in/files/file/6922-compendium-of-instructions-on-media-related-matters/
Verified: 2019/04/11
PC017
Question: Are political parties entitled to private funding?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Electoral bonds are monetary instruments that citizens or corporate groups can buy from the State Bank of India and give to a political party, which is then free to redeem them for money.
Source: The Representation of the People Act 1951, indirectly Section 77: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
Finance Bill, 2017: https://www.indiabudget.gov.in/budget2017-2018/ub2017-18/memo/memo.pdf
Verified: 2024/06/25
Vote Counting
VC004
Votes are sorted/counted at
Question: Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
Answer:
c . Special counting centres
Comments:
Source: https://ceogoa.nic.in/pdf/ImportantDocs/Handbook%20for%20Counting%20Agent-2023.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/05
VC011
When are ballots recounted?
Question: Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
Answer(s):
d . By request
Comments: After the entire counting is over, the Returning Officer will announce the result giving the total number of votes polled by each candidate as recorded in the Final Result Sheet. After the announcement is made, a candidate, or in his absence his election agent or any of his counting agents, may apply in writing for a recount of all or any of the ballot papers stating the grounds on which he demands such recount. When such an application for recount is made, the grounds urged for the recount will be considered and a decision taken by the Returning Officer. The decision of the Returning Officer will be final.
If the margin of invalid votes is more than the margin between the winning and trailing candidates then a recount is normally undertaken.
Source: Handbook for Counting Agents: https://ceogoa.nic.in/pdf/ImportantDocs/Handbook%20for%20Counting%20Agent-2023.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/05
Media and Elections
ME037
Criteria for allocating free broadcast time
Question: What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
Answer(s):
a . Equal regardless of size of party and previous performance g . Other (specify)
Comments: Allocation is made in the the form of free broadcasting and television time in the state owned media.
Time allocation is based on a special formula established by the Electoral Management Body.
Source: Compendium of Instruction on Media Related Matters (January 2020): https://ceoharyana.gov.in/Website/ELECTIONCOMMISSION/Images/ee4f86ef-18f6-4154-a391-deba8dc9e986.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/05
ME059
Television debates
Question: Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
Answer(s):
b . Yes, in legislative elections
Comments: In addition to the broadcast by parties, the Prasar Bharati Corporation organise a maximum of two panel discussions and/or debates on the Kendra/Station of Doordarshan/All India Radio for Assembly Election.
Source: Compendium of Instruction on Media Related Matters (January 2020): https://ceoharyana.gov.in/Website/ELECTIONCOMMISSION/Images/ee4f86ef-18f6-4154-a391-deba8dc9e986.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/05
ME062
Blackout period for release of opinion poll results.
Question: What is the blackout period, if any, during which results of pre-election opinion polls may not be released to the public?
Answer:
g . No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2024/09/05
ME080
Question: Is there a maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Maximum depends on the territory in which the candidate/party is campaigning
Source: Compendium of Instruction on Media Related Matters (January 2017): https://eci.gov.in/files/file/6922-compendium-of-instructions-on-media-related-matters/
Verified: 2019/04/11
Direct Democracy
DD002
Direct Democracy Provisions (National Level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy Procedures at the national level?
Answer:
c . No information available
Comments: Legal provisions for direct democracy measures are not found in the Constitution or Representation of the Peoples Act.
Source: The Constitution of India: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Representation of the People Act, 1950: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201950.pdf
Representation of the People Act, 1951: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/11
DD003
Mandatory referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Mandatory Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
c . No information available
Comments: Legal provisions for direct democracy measures are not found in the Constitution or Representation of the Peoples Act.
Source: The Constitution of India: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Representation of the People Act, 1950: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201950.pdf
Representation of the People Act, 1951: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/11
DD004
Optional referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Optional Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
c . No information available
Comments: Legal provisions for direct democracy measures are not found in the Constitution or Representation of the Peoples Act.
Source: The Constitution of India: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Representation of the People Act, 1950: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201950.pdf
Representation of the People Act, 1951: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/11
DD005
Citizens' Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Citizen’s Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
c . No information available
Comments: Legal provisions for direct democracy measures are not found in the Constitution or Representation of the Peoples Act.
Source: The Constitution of India: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Representation of the People Act, 1950: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201950.pdf
Representation of the People Act, 1951: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/11
DD006
Agenda Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Agenda Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
c . No information available
Comments: Legal provisions for direct democracy measures are not found in the Constitution or Representation of the Peoples Act.
Source: The Constitution of India: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Representation of the People Act, 1950: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201950.pdf
Representation of the People Act, 1951: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/11
DD007
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Recalls at national level?
Answer:
c . No information available
Comments: Legal provisions for direct democracy measures are not found in the Constitution or Representation of the Peoples Act.
Source: The Constitution of India: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Representation of the People Act, 1950: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201950.pdf
Representation of the People Act, 1951: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/11
DD129
Question: Are the results of referenda always binding, never binding or sometimes binding?
Answer:
d . No information available
Comments: Legal provisions for direct democracy measures are not found in the Constitution or Representation of the Peoples Act.
Source: The Constitution of India: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Representation of the People Act, 1950: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201950.pdf
Representation of the People Act, 1951: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/11
DD130
Question: Are the types of issues to vote upon in a referendum constitutional changes only, other issues only or both constitutional and other issues?
Answer:
d . No information available
Comments: Legal provisions for direct democracy measures are not found in the Constitution or Representation of the Peoples Act.
Source: The Constitution of India: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Representation of the People Act, 1950: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201950.pdf
Representation of the People Act, 1951: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/11
DD131
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy at sub-national levels (regional or local)?
Answer:
c . No information available
Comments: Legal provisions for direct democracy measures are not found in the Constitution or Representation of the Peoples Act.
Source: The Constitution of India: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/IN/india-constitution-as-amended-to-2007/view
Representation of the People Act, 1950: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201950.pdf
Representation of the People Act, 1951: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/11
Voting Operations
VO003
Electors vote at
Question: Where can electors vote?
Answer(s):
a . At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections d . At specially designated polling stations e . At mobile polling stations f . By mail
Comments: f) Postal ballot is available only to specified categories of voters.
(a) any of the persons as is referred to in clause (a) or clause (b) of sub-section (8) of section 20 of the
Representation of the People Act, 1950 (43 of 1950), (hereinafter in this section referred to as the 1950-Act) to give
his vote either in person or by postal ballot or by proxy, and not in any other manner, at an election in a constituency
where poll is taken;
Source: Representation of the People Act, 1950: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/03_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201950.pdf
Representation of the People Act, 1951: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
The Conduct of Election Rules 1961: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/%282%29%20THE%20CONDUCT%20OF%20ELECTION%20RULES%2C%201961.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/11
VO004
Voting outside the country is permitted for
Question: Who can vote from outside the country?
Answer(s):
b . Citizens residing outside the country d . Members of the armed forces e . Students f . Diplomatic staff
Comments:
Source: The guide for Overseas Indian Electors: https://www.ceogoa.nic.in/pdf/SVEEP/A%20guide%20for%20overseas%20elector%20How%20do%20I%20Vote.pdf
Representation of the People Act, 1951, Sec.60: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
The Conduct of Election Rules 1961: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/%282%29%20THE%20CONDUCT%20OF%20ELECTION%20RULES%2C%201961.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/11
VO005
Locations for voting outside of the country
Question: If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
Answer(s):
d . By proxy e . By mail
Comments: f)Postal ballot is only available for specified categories of voters.
(a) any of the persons as is referred to in clause (a) or clause (b) of sub-section (8) of section 20 of the
Representation of the People Act, 1950 (43 of 1950), (hereinafter in this section referred to as the 1950-Act) to give
his vote either in person or by postal ballot or by proxy, and not in any other manner, at an election in a constituency
where poll is taken.
Source: Representation of People Act, 1951, Sec. 16: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
The Conduct of Election Rules 1961: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/%282%29%20THE%20CONDUCT%20OF%20ELECTION%20RULES%2C%201961.pdf
The guide for overseas voters: https://www.ceogoa.nic.in/pdf/SVEEP/A%20guide%20for%20overseas%20elector%20How%20do%20I%20Vote.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/11
VO011
Voting method
Question: How do electors cast their votes?
Answer(s):
a . Manually marking of ballots d . Electronic voting machine
Comments: Electronic Voting Machines are India's main way of voting.
Source: Representation of People Act 1951, Sec 59-60, 61 A: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/04_representation%20of%20the%20people%20act%2C%201951.pdf
The Conduct of Election Rules 1961, Part 2: http://legislative.gov.in/sites/default/files/%282%29%20THE%20CONDUCT%20OF%20ELECTION%20RULES%2C%201961.pdf
Verified: 2024/09/11
The data on this page is continuously updated.
Additional, but potentially outdated material is available here.
Forgot your password?
