Info
Boundary Delimitation
BD001
Delimitation of constituencies
Question: Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
Answer:
b . No, existing regional/provincial/other boundaries are used
Comments: The whole territory of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan is considered to be one constituency for the presidential and parliamentary elections.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 13 (1): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
BD003
Criteria for drawing boundaries
Question: On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
Answer(s):
h . Not applicable
Comments: The whole territory of the Kyrgyz Republic is a single constituency to conduct presidential election or election of the Jogorku Kenesh deputies.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 13 (1): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
BD005
Body responsible for drawing boundaries
Question: The body responsible for drawing the boundaries is:
Answer(s):
h . Not applicable
Comments: The whole territory of the Kyrgyz Republic is a single constituency to conduct presidential election or election of the Jogorku Kenesh deputies.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 13 (1): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
Electoral Systems
ES001
Head of State
Question: How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s):
c . Directly elected in general elections (absolute majority with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: The President shall be elected by the citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic for a term of 5 years. The same person cannot be elected President for more than two terms.
A candidate for presidency shall be considered elected, if in the first round of the voting he/she has obtained more than half of votes of all voters participating in the elections. If more than two candidates for presidency were included into a ballot and none of them was elected, the Central Election Commission shall call a repeat voting for the two candidates who obtained the biggest number of votes. In the repeat voting, a candidate shall be considered elected, if he/she has obtained the largest number of votes of the participating voters.
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 66-67: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 55-56: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
ES002
Head of Government
Question: How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer:
f . Other
Comments: The President shall:
1) determine the structure and composition of the Cabinet of Ministers;
2) with the consent of the Jogorku Kenesh, appoint the Chairperson of the Cabinet of
Ministers, his/her deputies and other members of the Cabinet of Ministers;
The Executive power in the Kyrgyz Republic is exercised by the President.
The structure and composition of the Cabinet of Ministers shall be determined by the
President
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 70 and 84: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
ES003
President
Question: Does the country have a president?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The President shall be the head of State.
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 66: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
ES004
Number of Chambers
Question: The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer:
a . One chamber
Comments: The Jogorku Kenesh, the Parliament of the Kyrgyz Republic, shall be the highest
representative body exercising legislative power and oversight functions within its competence.
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 76: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
ES005
Electoral System (Chamber 1)
Question: What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s):
g . List Proportional Representation
Comments: The Jogorku Kenesh shall consist of 90 deputies elected for a five year term. The procedure of electing deputies to the Jogorku Kenesh shall be defined by constitutional law
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 76: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
Legislative Framework
LF001
Status of Electoral Law
Question: What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Part of Constitution b . Separate legislation
Comments:
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021): https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016 (amended in 2019): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
LF003
Electoral Law covers
Question: The national electoral law covers:
Answer(s):
a . National elections
Comments:
Source: Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016 (amended in 2019): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
LF004
Compulsory/voluntary voting
Question: Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
Answer(s):
a . Voting is voluntary
Comments: Elections in the Kyrgyz Republic shall be based on citizens' free and voluntary implementation of their voting rights. Nobody has the right to exert influence on citizens for the purpose of forcing (coercing) them to participate or not participate in elections, as well as their free expression of will.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 2 (1): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
LF007
Electoral Disputes Agency(ies)
Question: What are the agency(ies) responsible for the first level of formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s):
a . Judiciary b . EMB
Comments: Decisions and (or) actions (inaction) of election commissions and their officials, which violate electoral rights of electoral process subjects, can be appealed in the superior election commissions, the decisions and (non)actions of the CEC – to the court
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 44-45: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
Electoral Management
EM002
Responsibility of national EMB
Question: Does the national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
Answer(s):
a . National level c . Local level d . Other kinds of elections (church, union, etc.) Please specify.
Comments: Preparation and conduct of elections of the President, the deputies of Jogorku Kenesh, the deputies of local keneshes, heads of executive bodies of local self-government and referendums.
The Central Commission for Elections and Referenda ensures preparation and conduct of
elections and referendums in the Kyrgyz Republic.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic” art. 107: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
EM004
EMB budget determined by
Question: The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
Answer(s):
c . The legislature
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 80: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
EM005
EMB expenditures controlled by
Question: The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
Answer(s):
c . The legislature
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 80: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
EM006
Term of EMB members
Question: The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
Answer:
b . For a specified number of years
Comments: The structure of Central Election Commission is created for a period of five years and consists of twelve members of the commission.
Source: Constitutional Law about the Central commission on elections and holding referenda of the Kyrgyz Republic, 2021, art. 2:
https://cis-legislation.com/document.fwx?rgn=133125
Verified: 2025/05/07
EM012
Electoral Management model
Question: What is the Electoral Management model?
Answer:
b . Independent
Comments: The central commission on elections and holding referenda of the Kyrgyz Republic (further - Central Election Commission) is the permanent independent public authority providing preparation and elections and referenda in the Kyrgyz Republic and heading system of the electoral commissions.
The Central Election Commission is legal entity, has the budget, special fund, the official form and seal with the image of the State Emblem of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Source: Constitutional Law about the Central commission on elections and holding referenda of the Kyrgyz Republic, 2021, art. 1:
https://cis-legislation.com/document.fwx?rgn=133125
Verified: 2025/05/07
EM013
Number of EMB members
Question: The EMB is composed of:
Answer:
b . 11 - 20 members (specify)
Comments: The structure of Central Election Commission is created for a period of five years and consists of twelve members of the commission.
Source: Constitutional Law about the Central commission on elections and holding referenda of the Kyrgyz Republic, 2021, art. 2:
https://cis-legislation.com/document.fwx?rgn=133125
Verified: 2025/05/07
EM014
Membership based on
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected on the basis of their:
Answer:
b . Expertise
Comments: The Central Election Commission member shall be a citizen of the Kyrgyz Republic, who reached the age of 21 years old and possess electoral right. The Central Election Commission members cannot be:
1) Jogorku Kenesh Deputy, local council deputy;
2) Official of state authority or local self-government;
3) Judge, military man, law enforcement or fiscal authority officer;
4) Candidate, representative of candidate or political party;
5) Member of another election commission;
6) Person whose previous convictions were not dropped or redeemed.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 17: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
EM015
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected by:
Answer(s):
a . Head of State d . Opposition e . Legislature
Comments: The Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic (further - Jogorku Kenesh) elects members of Central Election Commission: half of structure - on representation of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic (further - the President), the second half of structure on own initiative taking into account representation no more than seventy percent of same-gender persons; dismisses them in the cases provided by this constitutional Law.
The variation Jogorku Kenesh of the candidate for position of the member of Central Election Commission shall be reasonable. The subject of representation has the right to present the same or other candidacy.
Source: Constitutional Law about the Central commission on elections and holding referenda of the Kyrgyz Republic, 2021, art. 2:
https://cis-legislation.com/document.fwx?rgn=133125
Verified: 2025/05/07
Voter Education
VE001
Information campaigns performed by
Question: Who conducts information campaigns for national elections (informing where, when and how to register and/or vote)?
Answer(s):
c . Local/County Electoral Management Bodies
Comments: 1) The precinct election commission shall:
1) inform the public about the address and telephone numbers of respective precinct election commission, working hours, ballot date and venue and on voters, referendum participants included in the list;
2) ensure access of voters and referendum participants to the list of voters, referendum participants for familiarization and verification;
3) accept and consider applications on errors and inaccuracies in the list of voters, referendum participants, address the issue of making appropriate changes in them;
4) accept applications from voters on voting at the polling address;
5) verify the list of voters, referendum participants on the respective territory;
6) oversee compliance with the rules of displaying propaganda and campaign materials on the precinct territory;
7) organize voting at the polling station on the day of the election, referendum;
8) count the votes and identify the ballot returns at the polling station;
9) ensure transfer of documents related to preparation and conduct of elections, referenda to a higher ranking election commission or the archive office;
10) consider applications and complaints related to violation of the electoral legislation within its competence and take decisions on them;
11) when needed hire employees on labor contract basis to perform activities related to preparation and conduct of elections, referenda;
12) ensure safety of material values and property;
13) submit a financial report on the budget funds allocated and spent to prepare and conduct elections, referenda;
14) execute other authorities under the present Law and electoral legislation.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016 (amended in 2019): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
VE002
Frequency of voter education programs
Question: At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
Answer:
b . Election time only
Comments:
Source: Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016 (amended in 2019), art. 6: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
VE003
National civic education
Question: Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
Answer(s):
b . Yes, conducted by the National Electoral Management Body h . Yes, conducted by NGOs/ Civic Organizations
Comments: In 2021, the Central Election Commission established the Center for Civic Education and Electoral Technologies. The main tasks of the Center are to help strengthen the democratic foundations, increase the legal and political culture of elections, trust in the institutions of governance and activate citizens and civil society to participate in the life and development of the country.
Source: https://www.undp.org/kyrgyzstan/press-releases/center-civic-education-and-electoral-technologies-opened-central-election-commission
Verified: 2025/05/08
Voter Registration
VR001
Voting age
Question: What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
Answer:
c . 18
Comments: The right to vote shall be granted to the citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic having reached 18 years of age.
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 2 (4):https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 3 (1): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
VR002
Other voting requirements
Question: Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Citizenship
Comments: The right to vote shall be granted to the citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic having reached 18 years of age.
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 2 (4):https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 3 (1): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
VR004
Authority responsible for voter registration
Question: Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
Answer:
d . Election Management Body (specify)
Comments: The Central Election Commission is responsible for voter registration and updating/maintaining the list.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 14-15: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
VR008
Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Question: Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: 1. With a view of exercising electoral rights, familiarization of voters with data on themselves, as well as voting a voter list is compiled for each polling station.
2. The citizens possessing active electoral right as of election day and having passed the biometric registration as prescribed by the law, are included into voter lists.
3. Compilation of a voter list is provided based on personal data (including biometrical) kept in the Unified State Population Register within the boundaries of electoral precincts.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 14 (1-3): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
Parties and Candidates
PC001
Registration requirements for parties (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
b . Deposit requirement (specify amount) e . Minimum number of candidates f . Other
Comments: The right to nominate candidates for Jogorku Kenesh deputies shall belong to political parties, which were officially registered and/or reregistered in the established manner as of the date of official publication of the decision on calling of the election.
The total number of candidates nominated by a political party on the list may not be less than
75 or more than 200.
In making the list of candidates, a political party should take the following representation into
account:
- No more than 70 per cent of candidates of the same sex, with the difference in order of priority
in the lists of female and male candidates nominated by political parties should exceed three positions;
- At least 15 per cent of candidates should be 35 years of age or older, and at least 5 of them must
be on the list of the first 65 candidates;
- At least 15 per cent of candidates of different ethnic affiliation, with at least 5 of them to be
included in the list of the first 65 candidates;
- At least 2 candidates should be persons with disabilities, one of whom must be on the first 50
candidates list
To register the list of candidates, authorized representatives of political parties shall submit the following documents to the Central Election Commission not later than 40 calendar days before the polling day, until 6 pm local time:
1) decision of a political party on nomination of the list of candidates; the decision shall be certified with the signature of the political party leader and the seal;
2) special data forms filled out by each candidate included into the list of candidates with the indication of biographical and other data, copies of their passports, certificates from the place of work or study;
3) document certifying the payment of an electoral pledge.The Central Election
Commission must issue a written acknowledgment (certificate) of receipt of these documents to the person, who has submitted the documents. The confirmation (certificate) shall be issued immediately upon submission of the documents.
Political parties that have nominated lists of candidates, from the funds of their election funds,
shall contribute to the special fund of the Central Election Commission an election deposit in the
amount of 10,000 thousand specified rates established by the legislation.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 60-61: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
PC003
Registration requirements for candidates (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
a . Age b . Citizenship
Comments: Any citizen of the Kyrgyz Republic who has reached the age of 21 on the election day and has
the electoral right may be elected the deputy of the Jogorku Kenesh.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 59: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
PC008
Independent candidates
Question: Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
Answer(s):
b . In presidential elections
Comments: The right to nominate candidates for Jogorku Kenesh deputies shall belong to political parties, which were officially registered and/or reregistered in the established manner as of the date of official publication of the decision on calling of the election.
The right to nominate candidates for President belongs to citizens through self-nomination and to political parties registered in the established manner as of the date of official publication of the decision on calling of elections.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 49 and 60: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
PC012
Public funding of parties
Question: Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
Answer(s):
c . Indirect
Comments:
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 24 (1), 25 (1), 26 (1): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Law of the Kyrgyz Republic on Political Parties (1999), art. 17
Verified: 2025/05/07
PC015
Question: What is the basis of the public funding?
Answer(s):
g . Not applicable
Comments: Political parties are not entitled to state funding. Financial means of political parties are formed through membership fees, voluntary donations, credits, revenues from property, from events, dissemination of printed materials and publications, as well as other incomes, not prohibited by law.
Source: Law of the Kyrgyz Republic on Political Parties (1999), art. 17: https://cis-legislation.com/document.fwx?rgn=170
Verified: 2025/05/07
PC017
Question: Are political parties entitled to private funding?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The election fund of a candidate, a political party can be created through the following means:
- own funds of a candidate, a political party;
- voluntary donations of citizens and legal persons.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 41(1): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Law of the Kyrgyz Republic on Political Parties (1999), art. 17: https://cis-legislation.com/document.fwx?rgn=170
Verified: 2025/05/07
Vote Counting
VC004
Votes are sorted/counted at
Question: Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
Answer:
a . The polling stations
Comments: The counting of votes shall begin immediately after the end of voting and is conducted without
interruption until the results of voting are determined in the same hall where the voting was held.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 35 (3): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
VC011
When are ballots recounted?
Question: Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
Answer(s):
d . By request f . Other
Comments: In case of discrepancy between the results of the vote according to the data of the automatic reading ballot box and the results of the manual vote counting, at the request of the representative of the candidate, a political party or an observer, the ballots shall be recalculated with the direct participation of the representative of the candidate, a political party or an observer and the possibility of their visual control. The ballot papers shall be recalculated aloud.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 35 (14): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
Media and Elections
ME037
Criteria for allocating free broadcast time
Question: What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
Answer(s):
a . Equal regardless of size of party and previous performance
Comments: Candidates and political parties that have nominated lists of candidates shall have the right to
free airtime on the channels of TV and radio organizations that are subject to paragraph 18 of
Article 22 of this constitutional Law and which broadcast on the territory where elections are
held. The indicated airtime shall be during the period when the TV and radio programs gather the
largest audience i.e. from 8 PM to 12 PM.
The total amount of free airtime, allocated by the state TV and radio organization for campaigning during the elections of the President and the deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh, must be at least one hour on working days. The said free airtime shall be distributed on an equal basis between the registered candidates and political parties that nominated lists of candidates who appeared at the broadcast.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 24(1-2), 25: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
ME059
Television debates
Question: Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
Answer(s):
a . Yes, in presidential elections b . Yes, in legislative elections
Comments: At least one half of the total amount of free airtime shall be given to candidates and political
parties that have nominated lists of candidates, exclusively for joint debates and other similar
campaigning activities. All candidates and political parties must be allowed to use this share of
free airtime on an equal basis.
Registered candidates, including candidates from the registered list of political parties, should
participate only in person in joint campaigning events (debates and other similar events) on the
channels of TV and radio organizations broadcasting on the entire territory of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 24(3): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
ME062
Blackout period for release of opinion poll results.
Question: What is the blackout period, if any, during which results of pre-election opinion polls may not be released to the public?
Answer:
c . 4-5 days
Comments: During the last 5 calendar days prior to the voting day, as well as on the voting day, the publication (coverage) of the results of opinion polls, forecasts of election returns and other research
related to the elections in mass media or online publications shall not be allowed.
Source:
Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 22(6): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
ME080
Question: Is there a maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
Direct Democracy
DD002
Direct Democracy Provisions (National Level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy Procedures at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The people of Kyrgyzstan shall exercise its power directly at elections and referenda, as well as through the system of state authorities and local self-governance bodies on the basis of the present Constitution and laws.
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 2, 116, 79 (1):https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016(amended in 2019): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
DD003
Mandatory referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Mandatory Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The law on introducing changes to the present Constitution may be adopted by referendum called by the Jogorku Kenesh.
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 116: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016(amended in 2019), art. 7: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
DD004
Optional referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Optional Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Amendments and modifications to the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic, laws of the Kyrgyz Republic
and other important issues of state importance may be submitted to the referendum.
A question of the referendum shall be formulated so as to exclude possibility of its multiple
interpretations and so that only a definite answer could be given
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 2: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016(amended in 2019), art. 7: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
DD005
Citizens' Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Citizen’s Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Each citizen or a group of citizens of the Kyrgyz Republic enjoying the right for participation in the
referendum may form the group “for” comprising not fewer than 10 people in order to collect signatures
in support of the initiative to conduct the referendum.
Amendments and additions to the provisions of sections 1, 2 and 5 of the Constitution may
be adopted at the initiative of at least 300,000 voters or the President or two-thirds of the total
number of deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh at a referendum called by the President.
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 116: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016(amended in 2019), art. 11: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
DD006
Agenda Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Agenda Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The right of legislative initiative belongs to:
1) 10 thousand voters (popular initiative);
2) the President;
3) Deputies of the Jogorku Kenesh;
4) the Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers;
5) the Supreme Court in matters of its jurisdiction;
6) the People's Kurultai;
7) the Prosecutor General on matters under his authority.
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 85: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
DD007
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Recalls at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: A deputy of the Jogorku Kenesh shall not be bound by the imperative mandate. The deputy may not be recalled.
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 79: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
DD129
Question: Are the results of referenda always binding, never binding or sometimes binding?
Answer:
a . Always binding
Comments: The decision adopted at the referendum shall be mandatory for all, shall not require additional approval
and be effective in the whole territory of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Source: Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016 (amended in 2019) art. 40: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
DD130
Question: Are the types of issues to vote upon in a referendum constitutional changes only, other issues only or both constitutional and other issues?
Answer:
c . Both constitutional and other issues
Comments: Amendments and modifications to the Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic, laws of the Kyrgyz Republic
and other important issues of state importance may be submitted to the referendum.
Source: Constitution of the Kyrgyz Republic (2021), art. 116: https://constsot.kg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/constitution-of-the-kyrgyz-republic.pdf
Constitutional Law on Referendum in Kyrgyz Republic 2016(amended in 2019), art. 7: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/d2/KYRG_Const%20Law%20on%20Referendum.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
DD131
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy at sub-national levels (regional or local)?
Answer:
c . No information available
Comments:
Source: https://www.idea.int/data-tools/data/country?country=121&database_theme=309
Verified: 2025/05/07
Voting Operations
VO003
Electors vote at
Question: Where can electors vote?
Answer(s):
a . At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections d . At specially designated polling stations e . At mobile polling stations
Comments:
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 31-33: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
VO004
Voting outside the country is permitted for
Question: Who can vote from outside the country?
Answer(s):
b . Citizens residing outside the country c . Citizens outside the country (including those on vacation)
Comments:
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 2 (2), 13 (2), 14 (6: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
VO005
Locations for voting outside of the country
Question: If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
Answer(s):
a . Embassies b . Consulates
Comments:
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art. 2 (2), 14: https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
VO011
Voting method
Question: How do electors cast their votes?
Answer(s):
a . Manually marking of ballots
Comments: Voter shall put a mark in the appropriate field of the ballot to indicate a candidate or political party in whose favor the choice was made, or shall indicate his/her attitude by marking the “Against all” field.
Source: Constitutional Law No 68 of 2011 (amended 2020) “On elections of the President of the Kyrgyz Republic and deputies of Jogorku Kenesh of the Kyrgyz Republic”, art.31 (8): https://legislationline.org/sites/default/files/documents/a1/KYRG_Const%20Laww%20on%20Elections%20of%20President%20and%20MPs.pdf
Verified: 2025/05/07
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