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Mongolia Mongolia

Boundary Delimitation

BD001

Delimitation of constituencies


Question:Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments: a) The electoral territory is divided in 26 electoral constituencies ("districts"). Each "district" is divided into electoral units. The State Great Hural will create the districts at least 6 months prior to the Election Day depending on population size and the division of administrative and territorial units aimags and capital city districts. Should the number of population in aimag or capital city district be less than the state average for setting up a district, a district that combines an adjancent aimag of capital city district may be created. In 2012 there are 6 single-member districts, 18 two-member districts and 2 three-member districts.
Source: Electoral Law of 15 December 2011, Art. 11 (2), 12 (1): https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/5845/file/Mongolia-Election-Law_2011_en.pdf Mongolian Law on Election, amended 2016; art. 22 https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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BD003

Criteria for drawing boundaries


Question:On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
Answer(s): a. "Equality" of population
d. Conformity with local jurisdiction boundaries
e. Geographic size of district
g. Other
Comments: Constituencies are drawn according to the population size and the division of administrative and territorial units in provinces and capital city districts. The General Election Commission may put forward a proposal to change districts to the State Great Hural if a change made to the division of administrative and territorial units could affect the structure of districts or in case the population size changed by more than 20 percent in a particular district in the period following the previous election.
Source: Electoral Law of 15 December 2011, Art. 12 (1, 2): https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/5845/file/Mongolia-Election-Law_2011_en.pdf Mongolian Law on Election, amended 2016; art. 22 https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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BD005

Body responsible for drawing boundaries


Question:The body responsible for drawing the boundaries is:
Answer(s): a. Legislature (1st chamber)
Comments: The Parliament draws the boundaries and sets the number of mandates in districts (constituencies), mandate numbers, territories, and centers within at least six months before the polling day. The General Election Commission may put forward a proposal to change districts to the Parliament in case a change made to the division of administrative and territorial units can affect the structure of districts and in case the population size changed by more than 20 percent in a particular district in the period following the previous election can affect the structure of the district.
Source: Electoral Law of 15 December 2011, Art. 12 (1, 4): https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/5845/file/Mongolia-Election-Law_2011_en.pdf Mongolian Law on Election, amended 2016; art. 22 https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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Electoral Systems

ES001

Head of State


Question:How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s): c. Directly elected in general elections (absolute majority with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: Political parties that have obtained seats in the Parliament nominate individually or collectively presidential candidates (one candidate per party/coalition). Citizens eligible for election then participate in electing the President on the basis of universal, free and direct suffrage by secret ballot. The Parliament considers the candidate who has obtained a majority of all votes cast in the first voting round as elected President and shall pass a law recognizing his/her mandate. If none of the candidates obtains a majority vote in the first round, a second round of voting shall take place involving the two candidates who have obtained the largest number of votes in the first round. The candidate who wins a majority of all votes cast in the second ballot shall be considered as elected President and a law recognizing his/her mandate shall be passed by the Parliament.
Source: Constitution, Art. 30 (1), 31: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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ES002

Head of Government


Question:How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer: c. Indirectly elected by legislature/chosen by parliament
Comments: The Prime Minister is appointed by the Parliament.
Source: Constitution, Art. 25 (1, §6), 40 (2), 41 (1): https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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ES003

President


Question:Does the country have a president?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments: The President of Mongolia shall be the Head of State and the embodiment of the unity of Mongolian people.
Source: Constitution, Art. 30 - 37: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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ES004

Number of Chambers


Question:The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer: a. One chamber
Comments: The Parliament ("State Ikh Khural") has one chamber and consists of 76 members.
Source: Constitution, Art. 21 (1): https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017) Electoral Law of 15 December 2011, Art. 4(1): https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/5845/file/Mongolia-Election-Law_2011_en.pdf Mongolian Law on Elections, updated 2016 Article 120 https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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ES005

Electoral System (Chamber 1)


Question:What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s): f. Single Non-Transferable Vote
Comments: All of the Parliament's 76 members are chosen by voting for individual candidates from single-member constituencies who have been nominated by their parties.
Source: Mongolian Law on Elections, updated 2016 Article 120.2 https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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Legislative Framework

LF001

Status of Electoral Law


Question:What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
Answer(s): a. Part of Constitution
b. Separate legislation
Comments:
Source: Law on Election 2016 https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf Constitution: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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LF003

Electoral Law covers


Question:The national electoral law covers:
Answer(s): a. National elections
b. Regional elections
d. Referendums
Comments:
Source: The Law on the Central Election Body: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7740/file/Mongolia_law_central_election_body_2006_en.pdf ; Electoral Law of 2016: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf; Constitution: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017) The Law on Presidential Elections of Mongolia: http://legalexpert.mn/laws (2012); The Referendum Law; Law on Elections to the Aimag, the Capital city, Soum and District Hurals of Citizen’s Representatives;
Verified: 2020/02/17
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LF004

Compulsory/voluntary voting


Question:Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
Answer(s): a. Voting is voluntary
Comments:
Source: Electoral Law of 2016 article 92 https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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LF007

Electoral Disputes Agency(ies)


Question:What are the agency(ies) responsible for the first level of formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s): a. Judiciary
b. EMB
Comments: The Administrative Court of the administrative unit where the election committee is located shall first review and make a decision on a dispute related to the administrative unit level election committee on the election of the Citizens’ Representatives’ Hural. The Administrative appellate court at first instance and Supreme Court on the procedure of appeal shall review and make a decision on a legal dispute related to the central election authority other than those set forth in Article 111.5 hereof on election of the State Great Hural and the Presidential election.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016 article 115 https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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Electoral Management

EM002

Responsibility of national EMB


Question:Does the national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
Answer(s): a. National level
Comments: The Central Election Commission is the central electoral body responsible for the organisation of election activities nationwide, district committees in district territories, sub-district committees in soums and city districts, and unit committees in administrative and territorial units respectively.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016 article 24: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf The Law on the Central Election Body, Art. 3 (1): https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7740/file/Mongolia_law_central_election_body_2006_en.pdf;
Verified: 2020/02/17
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EM004

EMB budget determined by


Question:The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
Answer(s): c. The legislature
Comments: The following expenses in relation to organization of the election of the State Great Hural, the President and the Citizens’ Representatives’ Hural shall be finance by the state budget: 38.2.1. operating expenses of election authorities;
Source: Electoral Law of 2016 article 38: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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EM005

EMB expenditures controlled by


Question:The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
Answer(s): c. The legislature
Comments: The following expenses in relation to organization of the election of the State Great Hural, the President and the Citizens’ Representatives’ Hural shall be finance by the state budget: 38.2.1. operating expenses of election authorities;
Source: Electoral Law of 2016 article 38: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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EM006

Term of EMB members


Question:The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
Answer: b. For a specified number of years
Comments: 6 years
Source: The Law on the Central Election Body, Art. 4 (2): https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7740/file/Mongolia_law_central_election_body_2006_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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EM012

Electoral Management model


Question:What is the Electoral Management model?
Answer: b. Independent
Comments:
Source: Electoral Law of 2016: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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EM013

Number of EMB members


Question:The EMB is composed of:
Answer: a. 1 - 10 members (specify)
Comments: 9 members: Five members of the Commission are appointed by the Parliament at the suggestion of the Standing Committee on State Structure, two by the President of Mongolia and other two at the suggestion of the Supreme Court from genuine civil servants.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016 article 31.4: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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EM014

Membership based on


Question:The EMB members/commissioners are selected on the basis of their:
Answer: b. Expertise
Comments: Five members of the Commission shall be appointed by the Parliament at the suggestion of the Standing Committee on State Structure, two by the President of Mongolia and other two at the suggestion of the Supreme Court from genuine civil servants.
Source: The Law on the Central Election Body, Art. 4 (2): https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7740/file/Mongolia_law_central_election_body_2006_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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EM015


Question:The EMB members/commissioners are selected by:
Answer(s): a. Head of State
e. Legislature
f. Judiciary
Comments: Five members of the Commission shall be appointed by the Parliament at the suggestion of the Standing Committee on State Structure, two by the President of Mongolia and other two at the suggestion of the Supreme Court from genuine civil servants.
Source: The Law on the Central Election Body, Art. 4 (2): https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7740/file/Mongolia_law_central_election_body_2006_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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Voter Education

VE001

Information campaigns performed by


Question:Who conducts information campaigns for national elections (informing where, when and how to register and/or vote)?
Answer(s): a. National Electoral Management Body
d. National Government
g. NGOs/ Civic Organizations
i. Media
Comments: a) The Commission shall improve voter education, conduct trainings and research in this field and provide information to the public on election process and dates. d) The government shall be responsible for informing the people and provide them with information on questions to be asked during elections. g) Non-governmental organizations may raise voter education and knowledge and provide methodology and assistance for voters in exercising their rights, and the like to assist in holding a fair election as provided in laws.
Source: The Law on the Central Election Body, Art. 7 (1.6): https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7740/file/Mongolia_law_central_election_body_2006_en.pdf; Electoral Law of 2016: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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VE002

Frequency of voter education programs


Question:At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
Answer: b. Election time only
Comments: 7.1.6. to introduce legislations on referendums and election to the public, improve voter education, conduct trainings and research in this field and provide information to the public on election process and dates.
Source: The Law on the Central Election Body, Art. 7 (1.6): https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7740/file/Mongolia_law_central_election_body_2006_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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VE003

National civic education


Question:Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
Answer(s): a. No
Comments:
Source: The Law on the Central Election Body, Art. 7 (1.6): https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7740/file/Mongolia_law_central_election_body_2006_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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Voter Registration

VR001

Voting age


Question:What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
Answer: c. 18
Comments: The right to participate in State management [public administration] affairs directly or through the organs of representation. Have the right to elect and to be elected to the State organs. The right to elect shall be exercised from the age of eighteen years, and the age qualification for being elected shall be determined by law, taking into consideration the requirements for the relevant State organs and official positions concerned.
Source: Constitution, Art. 16 (9): https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en%20(2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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VR002

Other voting requirements


Question:Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
Answer(s): a. Citizenship
e. Other
Comments: e) Full legal capacity 9. The right to participate in State management [public administration] affairs directly or through the organs of representation. Have the right to elect and to be elected to the State organs. The right to elect shall be exercised from the age of eighteen years, and the age qualification for being elected shall be determined by law, taking into consideration the requirements for the relevant State organs and official positions concerned.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 11: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf; Constitution, Art. 16 (9): https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en%20(2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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VR004

Authority responsible for voter registration


Question:Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
Answer: a. Central Government Department (specify)
Comments: The state administrative authority in charge of state registration shall provide collective coordination and management for electoral roll review and removal of duplicates and registration of eligible voting citizens who haven’t registered with electoral rolls nationwide.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 61: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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VR008

Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?


Question:Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Answer: b. No
Comments: Electoral rolls are prepared based on the civil registration and national database.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 61: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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Parties and Candidates

PC001

Registration requirements for parties (Chamber 1)


Question:What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s): f. Other
Comments: A party must submit its paperwork to the central election authority and register with the Supreme Court at least 180 days before the election.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 124: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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PC003

Registration requirements for candidates (Chamber 1)


Question:What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s): a. Age
b. Citizenship
j. Other
Comments: A citizen who has attained the age of twenty five and has registered as a permanent resident of the aimag, capital city or soum within at least 180 days before the polling day and met other requirements set forth in this Law shall exercise the right to be elected for the tier’s Citizens’ Representatives’ Hural.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 11: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf; Constitution, Art. 21 (3): https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en%20(2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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PC008

Independent candidates


Question:Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
Answer(s): e. In both presidential and legislative elections
Comments: An indigenous citizen of Mongolia, who has attained the age of forty-five years and has permanently resided as a minimum for the last five years in Mongolia, shall be eligible for election to the post of President for a term of four years. An independent candidate for legislative elections shall have signatures of 801 supporters-voters from one electoral district.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 127: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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PC012

Public funding of parties


Question:Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
Answer(s): c. Indirect
Comments: A party or coalition’s election expenses shall be covered by the party or coalition and election expenses of candidates proposed by a party or coalition shall be covered by the part or coalition respectively and by the candidates themselves. Independent candidates shall bear their own election expenses. The public radio and television shall broadcast an electoral campaign-related program on the schedule and timing set by the General Election Commission free of charge only and it is forbidden to broadcast it on a chargeable basis. The General Election Commission shall ensure that equal timing is allocated to each party or coalition or each independent participating in one single district to approve a schedule and timing for free campaign programs to be broadcasted over the public radio and television.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 40-47: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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PC015


Question:What is the basis of the public funding?
Answer(s): a. Equal funding, regardless of size and previous performance
g. Not applicable
Comments: The public radio and television shall broadcast an electoral campaign-related program on the schedule and timing set by the General Election Commission free of charge only and it is forbidden to broadcast it on a chargeable basis. The General Election Commission shall ensure that equal timing is allocated to each party or coalition or each independent participating in one single district to approve a schedule and timing for free campaign programs to be broadcasted over the public radio and television. A party or coalition’s election expenses shall be covered by the party or coalition and election expenses of candidates proposed by a party or coalition shall be covered by the part or coalition respectively and by the candidates themselves. Independent candidates shall bear their own election expenses.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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PC017


Question:Are political parties entitled to private funding?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments: Election expenses of the candidates of parties and coalitions shall be born by the respective parties and coalitions.Independent candidates shall bear election expenses by themselves. Parties, coalitions and independent candidates shall form an election fund and open an account with a bank and inform the General Election Commission of this action and announce it to the public. This account shall be credited with - their own money and contributions from supporting organizations and individuals and transactions shall be made through the account. Individuals and organizations may take only monetary contributions for the election purpose and shall transfer them to the account of the election fund of the parties, coalitions and independent candidates.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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Vote Counting

VC004

Votes are sorted/counted at


Question:Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
Answer: a. The polling stations
Comments: Vote counting shall begin in election precincts immediately after the polling ends and shall be conducted in a transparent and open manner in the presence of observers and media representatives
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 97: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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VC011

When are ballots recounted?


Question:Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
Answer(s): c. Automatically (triggered) recounted under certain conditions
g. No information available
Comments: Article 97.10. In the event the sum of used and unused ballot paper differs from all ballot papers received by the polling station, the polling station shall inspect and determine the reason and recount the ballot papers immediately if need be. There is no information regarding how a candidate or party may request a recount.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 97: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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Media and Elections

ME037

Criteria for allocating free broadcast time


Question:What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
Answer(s): a. Equal regardless of size of party and previous performance
Comments: 82.2 Public radio and television shall broadcast campaign programs on a schedule and time allotment set by the central election authority for each party, coalition or presidential candidate participating in the election free of charge only. 82.3 The central election authority shall approve a schedule and time allotment for free campaign programs to be broadcast over the public radio and television ensuring that equal time is allocated for each party, coalition or presidential candidate within at least 5 days prior to the launch of the election campaign.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 82: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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ME059

Television debates


Question:Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
Answer(s): a. Yes, in presidential elections
b. Yes, in legislative elections
Comments: 82.15 Programs related to political debates shall not be considered a campaign program but the program shall not cover one party only, and a number of independent candidates or more than four representatives from different parties or coalitions shall be covered in the program.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 82: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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ME062

Blackout period for release of opinion poll results.


Question:What is the blackout period, if any, during which results of pre-election opinion polls may not be released to the public?
Answer: d. 6-7 days
Comments: 70.2. Any entity is forbidden to conduct an opinion poll on parties or candidates, or publish or distribute its results in any manner in the week before the polling day.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 70.2: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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ME080


Question:Is there a maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
Answer: b. No
Comments: There is a maximum amount for how much can be spent, however not a maximum for how much can be spent on advertising. 41.1. State central audit office shall set the maximum amount of election expenses by a candidate nominated for a constituency in consideration of the size and location of the constituency’s territory and its population size within at least 120 days prior to the polling day. 41.2. State central audit office shall set the maximum amount of election expenses by a party or coalition within at least 120 days prior to the polling day. 41.3. As for the election of the Citizens’ Representatives’ Hural, a branch of state audit office based in the aimag, capital city shall set the maximum amount of election expenses by a party, coalition or candidate nominated for the election of the aimag, capital city, soum, district in conformity with standard issued by the highest audit body of the state 90 days prior to the polling day.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 41: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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Direct Democracy

DD002

Direct Democracy Provisions (National Level)


Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy Procedures at the national level?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments: Hold national referendums (plebiscites). Verify the validity of a referendum in which the majority of citizens who are qualified for elections have participated, and to consider the question which obtained a majority vote as decided; 1. The Constitutional Tsets (Court) shall examine and decide disputes regarding a breach of the Constitution, on its own initiative pursuant to the petitions or information from citizens, and/or at the request by the State Great Hural (Parliament), the President, the Prime Minister, the Supreme Court and the Prosecutor General. 1. Any proposed amendments or changes to the Constitution shall be initiated by the competent organs or officials with the right to legislative initiative, and such proposals may be submitted by the Constitutional Tsets (Court) to the State Great Hural (Parliament). 2. A national referendum on the issue of proposed amendments or changes to the Constitution may be conducted with a supporting vote of at least two thirds by the members of the State Great Hural (Parliament). A referendum shall be conducted in accordance with the grounds in Clause 16 of Section 1 of Article Twenty Five of the Constitution.
Source: Constitution, Art. 25 (1.16), 66 & 68: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017); Referendum Law
Verified: 2020/02/17
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DD003

Mandatory referendums (national level)


Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Mandatory Referendums at the national level?
Answer: b. No
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Art. 25 (1.16), 66 & 68: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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DD004

Optional referendums (national level)


Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Optional Referendums at the national level?
Answer: a. Yes
Comments: 25.1.16. The State Great Hural (Parliament) may consider at its own initiative any issue pertaining to domestic and foreign policies of the State, and the following matters within its exclusive prerogative shall be vested therein and decided upon: Hold national referendums (plebiscites). Verify the validity of a referendum in which the majority of citizens who are qualified for elections have participated, and to consider the question which obtained a majority vote as decided 68. 2. A national referendum on the issue of proposed amendments or changes to the Constitution may be conducted with a supporting vote of at least two thirds by the members of the State Great Hural (Parliament). A referendum shall be conducted in accordance with the grounds in Clause 16 of Section 1 of Article Twenty Five of the Constitution.
Source: Constitution, Art. 25 (1.16), 68: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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DD005

Citizens' Initiatives (national level)


Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Citizen’s Initiatives at national level?
Answer: b. No
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Art. 25 (1.16), 68: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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DD006

Agenda Initiatives (national level)


Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Agenda Initiatives at national level?
Answer: b. No
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Art. 25 (1.16), 68: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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DD007


Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Recalls at national level?
Answer: b. No
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Art. 25 (1.16), 68: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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DD129


Question:Are the results of referenda always binding, never binding or sometimes binding?
Answer: a. Always binding
Comments: 25.1.16 The outcome of a referendum in which the majority of citizens who are qualified for elections have participated, and to consider the question which obtained a majority vote as decided 68. A referendum receiving a 2/3 majority of the State Great Hural is binding.
Source: Constitution, Art. 25 (1.16), 68 https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2012)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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DD130


Question:Are the types of issues to vote upon in a referendum constitutional changes only, other issues only or both constitutional and other issues?
Answer: c. Both constitutional and other issues
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Art. 25 (1.16), 66, 68: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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DD131


Question:Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy at sub-national levels (regional or local)?
Answer: c. No information available
Comments:
Source: Constitution, Art. 25 (1.16), 66, 68: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mongolia_2001?lang=en (2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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Voting Operations

VO003

Electors vote at


Question:Where can electors vote?
Answer(s): a. At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections
d. At specially designated polling stations
j. Other
Comments: 87.1. Polling shall be held in polling stations from 07:00 a.m. until 22:00 (10:00 p.m.) by Ulaanbaatar time on the polling day.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art 87, 89. : https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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VO004

Voting outside the country is permitted for


Question:Who can vote from outside the country?
Answer(s): b. Citizens residing outside the country
Comments: 88.1. Polling in a foreign country shall be held in polling stations set up by the subcommission from 07:00 a.m. until 22:00 (8:00 p.m.) by the foreign country’s local time on the polling day set by the State Great Hural.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 88 : https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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VO005

Locations for voting outside of the country


Question:If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
Answer(s): a. Embassies
Comments: Article 88. Polling place and timing in foreign country 88.1. Polling in a foreign country shall be held in polling stations set up by the subcommission from 07:00 a.m. until 22:00 (8:00 p.m.) by the foreign country’s local time on the polling day set by the State Great Hural. 88.2. The sub-commission shall announce the polling date, timing, and polling station locations to the voters residing in the foreign country until the polling day. 88.3. The head of a diplomatic mission of Mongolia in a respective foreign country shall ensure that polling stations have a number of voting booths adequate for the number of voters to vote by secret ballot, that there is sealed stationary, and that mobile ballot boxes are set up 3 days prior to polling day. 88.4. A polling station shall have adequate number of voting booths that enable voters to vote freely and by secret ballot. 88.5. Voters residing in a foreign country shall cast their votes using a ballot paper printed by the central election authority. 88.6. The central election authority shall seal the ballot papers along with envelopes and deliver them to the sub-commission through the central commission within at least 3 days prior to the polling day in a foreign country. 88.7. The sub-commission shall receive ballot papers in the presence of all its members and report thereon shall be prepared and signed. 88.8. The sub-commission shall seal and store ballot papers in a facility protected from fires, floods and unforeseen dangers. 88.9. An election official who violated Articles 88.2 and 88.7 hereof shall be subject to a fine in tugriks equal to six-fold to eight-fold of the monthly minimum wage.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 88 : http://gec.gov.mn/en/index.php?singlepage=23&&page=law (2017)
Verified: 2020/02/17
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VO011

Voting method


Question:How do electors cast their votes?
Answer(s): a. Manually marking of ballots
d. Electronic voting machine
Comments: 93.1. A person voting through a mobile box shall mark his/her vote by secret ballot in a mobile voting booth. 94.1. A voter shall obtain a ballot paper along with its envelope and mark the name of a candidate he/she supports according to the instruction on the ballot paper in a voting booth. /This article was amended on May 05, 2016 by law/ 94.2. A voter shall put the ballot paper in its envelope and seal it, and put in the ballot box after he/she marks his/her vote.
Source: Electoral Law of 2016, Art. 93, 94 : https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
Verified: 2020/02/17
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