Info
Boundary Delimitation
BD001
Delimitation of constituencies
Question: Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: "Election districts shall be formed so that every election district elects an equal number of deputies or a number of deputies as close as possible".
Source: Parliamentary Elections Law, art. 4: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1310/file/bbf6e67f60e5492350474eaa9e9a.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
BD003
Criteria for drawing boundaries
Question: On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
Answer(s):
a . "Equality" of population d . Conformity with local jurisdiction boundaries g . Other
Comments: The following rules shall be observed for the determination of the election districts of the provinces:
a) Election districts shall be formed so that every election district elects an equal number of deputies or a number of deputies as close as possible.
b) The scope of each election district shall be the same as the administrative scope of the concerned county to the extent possible
c) The numbers of inhabitants and means of transportation shall be taken into account when several counties are gathered into one election district...
Source: Parliamentary Elections Law, art. 4: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1310/file/bbf6e67f60e5492350474eaa9e9a.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
BD005
Body responsible for drawing boundaries
Question: The body responsible for drawing the boundaries is:
Answer(s):
e . Electoral Management Body (EMB)
Comments: Procedures related to election shall be executed by election boards.
Source: Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 9: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
Electoral Systems
ES001
Head of State
Question: How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s):
c . Directly elected in general elections (absolute majority with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: The Turkish Constitution was amended in 2007 to allow Presidential elections by the people.
The President of the Republic shall be elected directly by the public from among Turkish citizens who are eligible to be deputies, who are over forty years of age and who have completed higher education. The President of the Republic’s term of office shall be five years. A person may be elected as President of the Republic for two terms at most.
Political party groups, political parties which have received more than five percent of the valid votes in sum alone or jointly in the latest parliamentary elections, or a hundred thousand electorates may nominate a candidate for Presidency.
If a deputy is elected as President, his/her membership of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey shall cease.
In presidential elections conducted by universal suffrage, the candidate who receives the absolute majority of the valid votes shall be elected President of the Republic. If this majority cannot be obtained in the first ballot, the second ballot shall be held on the second Sunday following this ballot. The first two top rated candidates in first ballot shall run for the second, and the candidate who receives the majority of valid votes shall be elected President of the Republic.
If one of the candidates who is entitled to run for the second ballot is unable to participate in the election for any reason whatsoever, the second ballot shall be conducted by substituting the vacant candidacy in conformity with the ordering constituted in the first ballot. where only one candidate remains for the second ballot, this ballot shall be conducted as a referendum. Should the candidate receive the majority of the valid votes, he/she shall be elected the President of the Republic. If that candidate cannot receive the majority of the valid votes in election, only presidential election is renewed.
The term of office of the incumbent President of the Republic shall continue until the President-elect takes the office.
Other procedures and principles concerning presidential elections shall be regulated by law
In presidential elections conducted by universal suffrage, the candidate who receives the absolute majority of the valid votes shall be elected President of the Republic. If this majority cannot be obtained in the first ballot, the second ballot shall be held on the second Sunday following this ballot. The two candidates who receive the greatest number of votes in first ballot run for the second ballot, and the candidate who receives majority of valid votes shall be elected President of the Republic.
Source: Unofficial Translation Of The Amendments To The Constitution, art. 101: http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-REF(2017)005-e
Verified: 2016/01/21
ES002
Head of Government
Question: How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer:
b . Directly elected in general elections, absolute majority (with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: The Turkish Constitution was amended in 2017 that fused the role of the head of government and the head of the state in one person: the president. The amendment removed the post of Prime Minister.
If the simple majority is not obtained in the first round of Presidential elections, a second round of voting is held according to procedure stated in Article 101.
Source: Unofficial Translation Of The Amendments To The Constitution, art. 77: http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-REF(2017)005-e
Verified: 2018/06/07
ES003
President
Question: Does the country have a president?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Executive power and function shall be exercised and carried out by the President of the Republic in conformity with the Constitution and laws.
Source: Unofficial Translation Of The Amendments To The Constitution, art. 8: http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-REF(2017)005-e
Verified: 2016/01/21
ES004
Number of Chambers
Question: The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer:
a . One chamber
Comments: The Grand National Assembly of Turkey shall be composed of six hundred deputies elected by universal suffrage.
Source: Unofficial Translation Of The Amendments To The Constitution, art. 75: http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-REF(2017)005-e
Verified: 2016/01/21
ES005
Electoral System (Chamber 1)
Question: What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s):
g . List Proportional Representation
Comments: The method of proportional representation with general, equal and secret ballot shall be used.
Source: Parliamentary Elections Law, art. 2: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1310/file/bbf6e67f60e5492350474eaa9e9a.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
Legislative Framework
LF001
Status of Electoral Law
Question: What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Part of Constitution b . Separate legislation
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Turkey;
Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers;
Parliamentary Elections Law
Verified: 2016/01/21
LF003
Electoral Law covers
Question: The national electoral law covers:
Answer(s):
a . National elections c . Local elections d . Referendums
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Turkey;
Parliamentary Elections Law;
Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers
Verified: 2016/01/21
LF004
Compulsory/voluntary voting
Question: Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
Answer(s):
b . Voting is compulsory and regulated in the electoral law
Comments: Those people who abstain from casting their votes, although they are registered as voters and eligible for casting their vote, without justified excuse in parliamentary general or mid-term elections shall be punished with a fine of ten thousand Turkish liras. This provision is definitive.
Source: Parliamentary Elections Act, art. 63: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1310/file/bbf6e67f60e5492350474eaa9e9a.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
LF007
Electoral Disputes Agency(ies)
Question: What are the agency(ies) responsible for the first level of formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s):
b . EMB
Comments: The Supreme Board of Election shall execute all the functions to ensure the fair and orderly conduct of elections from the beginning to the end, carry out investigations and take final decisions, during and after the elections, on all irregularities, complaints and objections concerning the electoral matters, and receive the electoral records of the members of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey and presidential election. No appeal shall be made to any authority against the decisions of the Supreme Board of Election.
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, art. 79: https://global.tbmm.gov.tr/docs/constitution_en.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
Electoral Management
EM002
Responsibility of national EMB
Question: Does the national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
Answer(s):
a . National level c . Local level
Comments: Among other responsibilities, the Supreme Board of Elections has an overseeing function over provincial and county election boards.
Source: Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 14: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
EM004
EMB budget determined by
Question: The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
Answer(s):
c . The legislature d . A national government department
Comments: The expenses of the Supreme Board of Elections and of the General Directorate of Voters' Registers and all other election expenses shall be covered from the general budget. The necessary funds shall be shown in a special program in the budget of the Ministry of Justice.
The daily fees to be paid to chairmen and members of election boards and to other persons to be employed for the elections... shall be determined by the Supreme Court of Elections, provided that the daily fee does not exceed the amount to be found by multiplying 600 by civil servants' monthly pay coefficient. No tax shall be imposed on those fees.
Source: Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 181-182: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
EM005
EMB expenditures controlled by
Question: The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
Answer(s):
g . Other
Comments: The chief authority to issue orders of payment out of the designated funds is the Chairman of the Supreme Board of Elections, who may delegate his/her powers to the General Directorate of Voters' Registers.
The daily fees to be paid to chairmen and members of election boards and to other persons to be employed for the elections... shall be determined by the Supreme Court of Elections...
Source: Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 181-182: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
EM006
Term of EMB members
Question: The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
Answer:
b . For a specified number of years
Comments: The members of the Supreme Board of Elections are elected for a term of 6 years.
(The term for provincial and county boards is two years).
Source: Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 11, 15 & 18: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
EM012
Electoral Management model
Question: What is the Electoral Management model?
Answer:
b . Independent
Comments:
Source: Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
Verified: 2016/01/21
EM013
Number of EMB members
Question: The EMB is composed of:
Answer:
a . 1 - 10 members (specify)
Comments: The EMB is composed of: 7 members.
Source: Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
Verified: 2016/01/21
EM014
Membership based on
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected on the basis of their:
Answer:
b . Expertise
Comments:
Source: Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
Verified: 2016/01/21
EM015
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected by:
Answer(s):
f . Judiciary
Comments:
Source: Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
Verified: 2016/01/21
Voter Education
VE001
Information campaigns performed by
Question: Who conducts information campaigns for national elections (informing where, when and how to register and/or vote)?
Answer(s):
a . National Electoral Management Body c . Local/County Electoral Management Bodies h . Political parties/ candidates i . Media k . Other
Comments:
Source: Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 14: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
VE002
Frequency of voter education programs
Question: At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
Answer:
b . Election time only
Comments:
Source: OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report. 30 March – 1 April 2011. Parliamentary elections in the Republic of Turkey. 12 June 2011. Warsaw 13 April 2011: http://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/76837
Verified: 2016/01/21
VE003
National civic education
Question: Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
Answer(s):
m . No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2016/01/21
Voter Registration
VR001
Voting age
Question: What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
Answer:
c . 18
Comments: All Turkish citizens over eighteen years of age shall have the right to vote in elections and to take part in referenda.
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, art. 67: https://global.tbmm.gov.tr/docs/constitution_en.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
VR002
Other voting requirements
Question: Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Citizenship
Comments: Every Turkish citizen over 18 years of age has the right to vote in elections and to take part in referenda.
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, art. 67: https://global.tbmm.gov.tr/docs/constitution_en.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
VR004
Authority responsible for voter registration
Question: Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
Answer:
d . Election Management Body (specify)
Comments: The Supreme Board of Elections is responsible for designating the principles of establishment and operation of Voter Registers General Directorate, publishing respective regulations, issue and audit programs. Voter Registers General Directorate is managed by a general manager appointed by the Supreme Board of Elections. In addition to the Voter Registers General Directorate, 'Voter Registers Office' is set up in each county, managed by the charimen of the county election boards.
Source: Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 14 & 28: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
VR008
Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Question: Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: A voter not contained in the ballot-box voter list shall not be entitled to cast votes.
Source: Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 34: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
Parties and Candidates
PC001
Registration requirements for parties (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
c . Regional distribution requirement e . Minimum number of candidates f . Other
Comments: Parties have to establish their organizations in at least half of the provinces, which means the establishment of an organization in at least one third of the counties within that province including the central county; and they have to convene their main congress no later than within six months or have a group in the Grand National Assembly
Political parties have to present a full number of candidates in at least half of the total number of provinces and present candidates in one or more of the election districts of these provinces.
Source: Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 14: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
Parliamentary Elections Law, art. 13-14: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1310/file/bbf6e67f60e5492350474eaa9e9a.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
PC003
Registration requirements for candidates (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
a . Age b . Citizenship h . Minimum level of education j . Other
Comments: The constitution was amended for the 19th time in April of 27, 2017.
The amendment lowered the age level qualification from twenty-five to eighteen to be eligible for the chamber. Furthermore, whereas under the previous constitution mandatory military service was a requirement to running for the deputy post,the new amendment required no relation with the military to be eligible to run for the chamber.
Every Turk over the age of 18 is eligible to be a deputy.
Persons who have not completed primary education, who have been
deprived of legal capacity, who are in relation with their
military services, who are banned from public service, who
have been sentenced to a prison term totalling one year or
more excluding involuntary offences, or to a heavy
imprisonment; those who have been convicted of
dishonourable offences such as embezzlement, corruption,
bribery, theft, fraud, forgery, breach of trust, fraudulent
bankruptcy; and persons convicted of smuggling, conspiracy
in official bidding or purchasing, of offences related to the
disclosure of state secrets, of involvement in acts of terrorism,
or incitement and encouragement of such activities, shall not
be elected as a deputy, even if they have been granted
amnesty.
Judges and prosecutors, members of the higher judicial
organs, lecturers at institutions of higher education, members
of the Council of Higher Education, employees of public
institutions and agencies who have the status of civil
servants, other public employees not regarded as labourers
on account of the duties they perform, and members of the
armed forces shall not stand for election or be eligible to be a
deputy unless they resign from office
Law: art. 21: Applicants for independent candidature shall also deposit an amount equal to the gross salary of a civil servant of the highest rank to the responsible sub-division of the treasury and add the receipt thereof to the documents of their application for candidature. They are reimbursed if they receive a sufficient number of votes to be elected (or withdraw candidature within the legal time limit or whose candidature is declined or in case of death - the money is reimbursed to their legal successors.)
Source: Unofficial Translation Of The Amendments To The Constitution, art. 76: http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/default.aspx?pdffile=CDL-REF(2017)005-e
Parliamentary Elections Law, art. 10-11 & 21: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1310/file/bbf6e67f60e5492350474eaa9e9a.pdf
Verified: 2018/06/08
PC008
Independent candidates
Question: Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
Answer(s):
e . In both presidential and legislative elections
Comments: The President of the Republic is elected for a term of office of seven years by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey from among its own members who are over 40 years of age and who have completed their higher education or from among Turkish citizens who fulfill these requirements and are eligible to be deputies.
The nomination of a candidate for the Presidency of the Republic from outside the Grand National Assembly of Turkey requires a written proposal by at least one-fifth of the total number of members of the Assembly.
Law: art. 12: Every Turkish citizen eligible for candidature can stand for parliamentary elections - there is no obligation of being a political party member for candidature.
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, art. 101: https://global.tbmm.gov.tr/docs/constitution_en.pdf
Parliamentary Elections Law, art. 12: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1310/file/bbf6e67f60e5492350474eaa9e9a.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
PC012
Public funding of parties
Question: Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
Answer(s):
b . Direct c . Indirect
Comments: The state shall provide the political parties with adequate financial means in an equitable manner. The financial assistance to be extended to political parties, as well as procedures related to collection of membership dues and donations are regulated by law.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, art. 68: https://global.tbmm.gov.tr/docs/constitution_en.pdf
IDEA database:
http://www.idea.int/political-finance/country.cfm?id=223#Public%20funding
Verified: 2016/01/21
PC015
Question: What is the basis of the public funding?
Answer(s):
b . Based on result of previous election
Comments: Report: "According to the Constitutional Court, a significant share of party funding in Turkey comes from the state budget. Political parties that pass the 10 per cent threshold in parliamentary elections qualify for the allocation of state funds, while more limited funding is also available to parties that received over 7 per cent of votes".
Source: OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report. 30 March – 1 April 2011. Parliamentary elections in the Republic of Turkey. 12 June 2011. Warsaw 13 April 2011: http://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/76837
IDEA database:
http://www.idea.int/political-finance/country.cfm?id=223#Public%20funding
Verified: 2016/01/21
PC017
Question: Are political parties entitled to private funding?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: There are no provisions in the legislature banning private funding. The Constitution only states that the revenues and expenditures of political parties must be in conformity with their objectives. However, political parties may not engage in commercial activities and those political parties that receive material assistance from foreign States, international organizations and real persons and legal entities that are not of Turkish nationality are dissolved permenantly.
Report: "A recent change in the legislation allowed professional and business associations, as well as trade unions to support political parties by various means, including financial donations."
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, art. 69: https://global.tbmm.gov.tr/docs/constitution_en.pdf
OSCE/ODIHR Needs Assessment Mission Report. 30 March – 1 April 2011. Parliamentary elections in the Republic of Turkey. 12 June 2011. Warsaw 13 April 2011: http://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/76837
Verified: 2016/01/21
Vote Counting
VC004
Votes are sorted/counted at
Question: Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
Answer:
a . The polling stations
Comments: The ballot boxes are opened before all attendants at the voting place and the total number of envelopes removed from the box is counted and recorded. The vote counting is firstly performed by the ballox box committee.
Each county board of elections shall combine the results of the ballot boxes and record the number of votes received by the political parties and independent candidates. Each provincial board of elections shall then combine the results from the counties as recorded by county boards of elections. Upon drawing up the votes counting combination report, the provincial boards of elections send the results by cable to the Supreme Board of Elections, informing it also by phone and radio. The Supreme Board of Elections sums up all the valid votes all over Turkey and calculates the percentage of the valid votes for each political party in the total number of valid votes, and notifies those parties that have surpassed the barrier.
Source: Basic Electoral Provisions, art. 98: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
Parliamentary Elections Law, art. 31-33: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1310/file/bbf6e67f60e5492350474eaa9e9a.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
VC011
When are ballots recounted?
Question: Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
Answer(s):
d . By request
Comments: The persons eligible for lodging objections under Article 110 may lodge objections in written form directly with the Supreme Board of ElectionS
Source: Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 131: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1310/file/bbf6e67f60e5492350474eaa9e9a.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
Media and Elections
ME037
Criteria for allocating free broadcast time
Question: What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
Answer(s):
d . Based on mixture of principles (specify)
Comments: Political parties which take part in the election may conduct electioneering activities on radio and television after the 7th day in advance of the election day until 18:00 hours on the day before the election day, provided that the provisions in private laws are reserved.
Political parties shall be given the following electioneering rights: a) two speeches not more than 10 minutes on the first 10 days and the last day to explain their programs and projects, b) an additional 10 minute for political parties having a group in the Grand National Assembly, c) an additional electioneering time of 20 minutes for the party having the political power or the larger one of the parties sharing the power and additional 15 minutes for other parties holding the power
Political parties may also conduct visualised electioneering activities provided that the time used for such activities does not exceed half of electioneering times. Visualised electioneering shall be prepared by producers other than TRT (Turkish Radio & Television Institution). Visualised electioneering is for explaining the activities which have been and will be performed by political parties. Such electioneering shall not include any image to constitute an offence. Such electioneering of political parties shall not be less than two minutes at a time nor shall its total time within a day be more than ten minutes. Political parties may exercise their visualised electioneering rights in more than one channel of TRT. The Supreme Board of Elections shall determine the period of time in which the images shall be delivered to TRT and the times of broadcast of such electioneering by TRT depending on the availability of TRT. If such images contain a matter constituting an offence, the Supreme Board of Elections shall not allow the images be broadcast.
Political parties shall, in their first speeches through the radio and television make their election declarations. Speeches shall be broadcast simultaneously through all radio and television stations in Turkey. The day and time of electioneering speeches through radio and television and the parties to deliver speech shall be announced in advance through news programs by Turkish Radio and Television.
The Supreme Board of Elections and Turkish Radio and Television shall provide that electioneering through radio and television shall be made equitably and impartially.
Source: Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 52
Verified: 2014/08/04
ME059
Television debates
Question: Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
Answer(s):
d . No information available
Comments: Constitution, art. 102 provides that President is elected by the members of Turkish Grand National Assembly. No information is available on the question whether there are debates conducted during legislative elections.
Source:
Verified: 2014/08/04
ME062
Blackout period for release of opinion poll results.
Question: What is the blackout period, if any, during which results of pre-election opinion polls may not be released to the public?
Answer:
d . 6-7 days
Comments: Within seven days before the voting date, no broadcasts for or against a specific political party or candidate nor any broadcasts that may influence the citizen's vote through any kind of programmes such as news and interviews or through advertising or public opinion surveys, questionnaires, forecasts, and via information communication telephone lines under labels such as mini-referendums shall be allowed. Those not complying with these restrictions are deemed to have violated the broadcasting standards.
Source: Law on the Establishment of Radio and Television Enterprises and Their Broadcasts, art.32
Verified: 2014/08/04
ME080
Question: Is there a maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
Answer:
c . No information available
Comments:
Source:
Verified: 2014/08/04
Direct Democracy
DD002
Direct Democracy Provisions (National Level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy Procedures at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: If a law on the amendment to the Constitution is adopted by a three-fifths or less than two-thirds majority of the total number of members of the Assembly and is not sent back by the President of the Republic to the Assembly for reconsideration, it shall be published in the Official Gazette and be submitted to referendum.
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, art. 175: https://global.tbmm.gov.tr/docs/constitution_en.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
DD003
Mandatory referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Mandatory Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, art. 175: https://global.tbmm.gov.tr/docs/constitution_en.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
DD004
Optional referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Optional Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, art. 175: https://global.tbmm.gov.tr/docs/constitution_en.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
DD005
Citizens' Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Citizen’s Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: Constitution provides only for mandatory and optional referenda
Source: IDEA Global Database on Elections and Democracy, Turkey: http://www.idea.int/db/countryview.cfm?id=223
Verified: 2016/01/21
DD006
Agenda Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Agenda Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: Constitution provides only for mandatory and optional referenda
Source: IDEA Global Database on Elections and Democracy, Turkey: http://www.idea.int/db/countryview.cfm?id=223
Verified: 2016/01/21
DD007
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Recalls at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: IDEA Global Database on Elections and Democracy, Turkey: http://www.idea.int/db/countryview.cfm?id=223
Verified: 2016/01/21
DD129
Question: Are the results of referenda always binding, never binding or sometimes binding?
Answer:
a . Always binding
Comments:
Source: Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook, 2008: http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm
Verified: 2015/06/01
DD130
Question: Are the types of issues to vote upon in a referendum constitutional changes only, other issues only or both constitutional and other issues?
Answer:
a . Constitutional changes only
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, art. 79 (6)
Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook, 2008: http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm
Verified: 2015/06/01
DD131
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy at sub-national levels (regional or local)?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: Direct Democracy: The International IDEA Handbook, 2008: http://www.idea.int/publications/direct_democracy/index.cfm
Verified: 2015/06/01
Voting Operations
VO003
Electors vote at
Question: Where can electors vote?
Answer(s):
a . At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections
Comments:
Source: Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 2, 74, 75 & 90: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
VO004
Voting outside the country is permitted for
Question: Who can vote from outside the country?
Answer(s):
b . Citizens residing outside the country
Comments:
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, art. 67
Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 94: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
VO005
Locations for voting outside of the country
Question: If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
Answer(s):
c . Special polling stations
Comments: Polling station located at customs gates.
Source: Law on Basic Provisions on Elections and Voter Registers, art. 94: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1313/file/fc1948ff2445260c54d20269d70c.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
VO011
Voting method
Question: How do electors cast their votes?
Answer(s):
a . Manually marking of ballots
Comments:
Source: Parliamentary Elections Law, art. 28: http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/1310/file/bbf6e67f60e5492350474eaa9e9a.pdf
Verified: 2016/01/21
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