Info
Boundary Delimitation
BD001
Delimitation of constituencies
Question: Are constituencies delimited for election purposes?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: During the elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the entire territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan is a single electoral constituency. Seventy-five territorial single-member electoral districts are formed for the election of deputies to the Legislative Chamber
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 2, Article 9: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/26
BD003
Criteria for drawing boundaries
Question: On what criteria are the boundaries drawn?
Answer(s):
a . "Equality" of population d . Conformity with local jurisdiction boundaries
Comments: The boundaries of single-member electoral districts for elections of deputies to the Legislative Chamber are determined taking into account the administrative-territorial structure of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, regions and the city of Tashkent, as a rule, with an equal number of voters throughout the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Single-member constituencies for elections to local Kengashes are formed by the corresponding territorial, district, city election commission, as a rule, with an equal number of voters once every five years. The boundaries of electoral districts are determined taking into account the administrative-territorial structure of the region, districts and cities.
When forming single-member electoral districts, the maximum allowable deviation of the number of voters in electoral districts, as a rule, should not exceed ten percent.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 2, Article 9: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/26
BD005
Body responsible for drawing boundaries
Question: The body responsible for drawing the boundaries is:
Answer(s):
e . Electoral Management Body (EMB)
Comments: Election constituencies for the election of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall be formed by the Central Election Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan (hereinafter — the Central Election Commission) in the borders of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, regions and Tashkent city.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 2, Article 9: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/26
Electoral Systems
ES001
Head of State
Question: How is the Head of State selected?
Answer(s):
c . Directly elected in general elections (absolute majority with 2nd round if necessary)
Comments: Article 106: The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall be elected by citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the basis of the universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot for the term of seven years.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Article 106: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#chapter25
Verified: 2024/08/26
ES002
Head of Government
Question: How is the Head of Government selected?
Answer:
c . Indirectly elected by legislature/chosen by parliament
Comments: Candidacy of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Uzbekistan for consideration and approval by the Legislative Chamber shall be submitted by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan following consultations with all factions of political parties within a month after the election of officials and the formation of the bodies of the chambers of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan or within a month after the release from office or resignation of the Prime Minister and the current composition of the Cabinet of Ministers.
The Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall consider the candidacy of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Uzbekistan submitted by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan within ten days from the date of the submission.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 20, Article 118: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#chapter25
Verified: 2024/08/26
ES003
President
Question: Does the country have a president?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan is the head of the state and ensures confirmed functioning and interaction of the state authorities.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 19, Article 105: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#chapter25
Verified: 2024/08/26
ES004
Number of Chambers
Question: The national legislature consists of (one/two chambers):
Answer:
b . Two chambers
Comments: The Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan consists of two chambers — the Legislative Chamber (the lower chamber) and the Senate (the upper chamber).
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 18, Article 91: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#chapter25
Verified: 2024/08/26
ES005
Electoral System (Chamber 1)
Question: What is the electoral system for Chamber 1 of the national legislature?
Answer(s):
a . Plurality (FPTP)
Comments: Article 9: Single-member electoral districts for elections of deputies of the Legislative Chamber are formed by the Central Election Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan (hereinafter referred to as the Central Election Commission) on the proposal of the Jokargy Kenes of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, the Kengashes of people's deputies of the regions and the city of Tashkent once every five years.
To hold elections to the Legislative Chamber based on the list of candidates nominated by political parties for deputies of the Legislative Chamber (hereinafter referred to as the party list), the entire territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan is a single electoral district.
Article 67: The Legislative Chamber shall consist of one hundred and fifty deputies elected for a term of five years.
Deputies of the Legislative Chamber shall be elected:
seventy-five in single-member constituencies;
seventy-five based on the party list in proportion to the number of votes cast for political parties in a single electoral district.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 2, Article 9, Chapter 13, Article 67: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857#4461414
Verified: 2024/08/26
Legislative Framework
LF001
Status of Electoral Law
Question: What is the status of the electoral law governing national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Part of Constitution b . Separate legislation d . Regulations or administrative rules
Comments: Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan (1992
Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan (2019)
The Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Financing of Political Parties (2004, latest amendment 02-07-2024)
The legal framework underwent a process of reform: all election-related laws, including the Constitution and the Election Code, were amended in 2021.
Source: Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan (1992: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#section23
Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan (2019): https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019#4461859
The Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan on Financing of Political Parties (2004, latest amendment 02-07-2024) https://lex.uz/en/docs/168377#
OSCE ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report, Republic of Uzbekistan, Presidential Election 24 October 2021: https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/9/e/516435_0.pdf
Verified: 2024/08/26
LF003
Electoral Law covers
Question: The national electoral law covers:
Answer(s):
a . National elections c . Local elections d . Referendums
Comments: Article 1: The present Code shall regulate relations related to the preparation and conduct of elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, deputies of the Legislative Chamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan (hereinafter — the Legislative Chamber), members of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan (hereinafter — the Senate), deputies of regional, sub-regional and city Kengashes of people's deputies (hereinafter — local Kengashes) and define the guarantees that provide for freedom of expression of the citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Article 1: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019#4461859
Verified: 2024/08/26
LF004
Compulsory/voluntary voting
Question: Is voting on the national level voluntary or compulsory?
Answer(s):
a . Voting is voluntary
Comments: Article 128: Citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall have the right to elect and be elected to the representative bodies of state authority. Every elector shall have one vote. The right to vote, equality and freedom of expression of will shall be guaranteed by law.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 22, Article 117: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#section23
Verified: 2024/08/26
LF007
Electoral Disputes Agency(ies)
Question: What are the agency(ies) responsible for the first level of formal electoral disputes?
Answer(s):
a . Judiciary b . EMB
Comments: Election Commissions shall consider the appeals of voters and other participants in the electoral process and makes decisions on them, except for complaints on the actions and decisions of election commissions;
Article 86: The decisions of the joint meetings, as well as the Central Election Commission, can be appealed to the Supreme Court of the Republic of Uzbekistan within five days from the date these decisions are adopted.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Articles 14, 20, 22, 58, 86: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857
Verified: 2024/08/26
Electoral Management
EM002
Responsibility of national EMB
Question: Does the national electoral body have the responsibility for elections at:
Answer(s):
a . National level
Comments: Article 14: Central Election Commission shall: organize the preparation and conduct of elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, deputies to local Kengashes;
head the system of election commissions, exercise control over the implementation of this Code throughout the entire territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan,and ensure its uniform application.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 3, Articles 14 (2019): https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/22
EM004
EMB budget determined by
Question: The budget of the national electoral management body is determined by:
Answer(s):
c . The legislature
Comments: Article 99: Financing of the Central Election Commission shall be stipulated in the separate section of the State Budget of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 17, Articles 99 (2019): https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/22
EM005
EMB expenditures controlled by
Question: The expenditures of the national electoral management body are controlled by:
Answer(s):
c . The legislature
Comments: Article 99: Financing of the Central Election Commission shall be stipulated in the separate section of the State Budget of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 17, Articles 99 (2019): https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/22
EM006
Term of EMB members
Question: The term of the members of the national electoral management body is:
Answer:
c . For an unspecified period
Comments: Article 12: The Central Election Commission is formed by the chambers of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan consisting of nine members and operates on a permanent basis. One member of the Central Election Commission is a representative of the Republic of Karakalpakstan.
The members of the Central Election Commission shall be elected by the Legislative Chamber and the Senate upon the recommendation of the Jokarghy Kenes of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, regions and Tashkent city Kengashes of people's deputies.
The Chairman of the Central Election Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan is elected for a five-year term from among its members upon the proposal of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan at a meeting of the commission. The same person cannot be elected chairman of the Central Election Commission for more than two consecutive terms.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 3, Article 13 (2019): https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/22
EM012
Electoral Management model
Question: What is the Electoral Management model?
Answer:
b . Independent
Comments: Article 129: To organize and hold the elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, to the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as referendum of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Central Election Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall be formed by the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the main principles of activity of which shall be independence, legality, collective nature, publicity and fairness.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 22, Article 129: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#section23
Verified: 2024/08/22
EM013
Number of EMB members
Question: The EMB is composed of:
Answer:
a . 1 - 10 members (specify)
Comments: Article 12: The Central Election Commission is formed by the chambers of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan consisting of nine members and operates on a permanent basis. One member of the Central Election Commission is a representative of the Republic of Karakalpakstan.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 3, Article 12: https://cis-legislation.com/document.fwx?rgn=116830
Verified: 2024/08/22
EM014
Membership based on
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected on the basis of their:
Answer:
b . Expertise
Comments: Article 13: A citizen of the Republic of Uzbekistan who reached the age of twenty-five, as a rule, has a higher education, a work experience in organization and conduct of elections, has an authority among public and permanently residing in the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan for at least the last five years may be a member of the Central Election Commission.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 3, Article 13: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/22
EM015
Question: The EMB members/commissioners are selected by:
Answer(s):
e . Legislature
Comments: Article 12: The members of the Central Election Commission shall be elected by the Legislative Chamber and the Senate upon the recommendation of the Jokarghy Kenes of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, regions and Tashkent city Kengashes of people's deputies. Chairperson of the Central Election Commission shall be elected from among its members upon the nomination of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan at the meeting of the commission.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 3, Article 12 (2019): https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/22
Voter Education
VE001
Information campaigns performed by
Question: Who conducts information campaigns for national elections (informing where, when and how to register and/or vote)?
Answer(s):
a . National Electoral Management Body b . Regional Electoral Management Bodies c . Local/County Electoral Management Bodies g . NGOs/ Civic Organizations
Comments: Article 14: Central Election Commission shall;
form territorial election commissions, assign the corresponding territory (district) to them and publish information about the composition and location of territorial election commissions;
announce the beginning of the election campaign for the elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, deputies of the Legislative Chamber, local Kengashes;
Article 20: Territorial Election Commission shall inform voters about the location of polling station.
In addition to Election Commissions conducting information campaigns, the ODIHR EOM observed that Mahalla committees were also involved in voter education (OSCE).
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Articles 14, 20: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857#4461414
OSCE ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report, Republic of Uzbekistan, Presidential Election 24 October 2021: https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/9/e/516435_0.pdf
Verified: 2024/08/26
VE002
Frequency of voter education programs
Question: At the national level, how often are voter education programs conducted?
Answer:
b . Election time only
Comments: The CEC organised a comprehensive and inclusive voter education campaign in a variety of formats, which was promoted throughout the country and well in advance of election day (OSCE).
Source: OSCE ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report, Republic of Uzbekistan, Presidential Election 24 October 2021: https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/9/e/516435_0.pdf
Verified: 2024/08/26
VE003
National civic education
Question: Is there a national civic education campaign (rights and responsibilities of citizens)?
Answer(s):
a . No
Comments:
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857#4461414
OSCE ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report, Republic of Uzbekistan, Presidential Election 24 October 2021: https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/9/e/516435_0.pdf
Verified: 2024/08/26
Voter Registration
VR001
Voting age
Question: What is the legal voting age in the national elections?
Answer:
c . 18
Comments: Article 128: Citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan who have reached the age of eighteen have the right to vote.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 22, Article 128: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#section23
Verified: 2024/08/22
VR002
Other voting requirements
Question: Beyond age, what other qualifications exist for registering to vote and voting in the national elections?
Answer(s):
a . Citizenship
Comments: Article 128: Citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan who have reached the age of eighteen have the right to vote.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 22, Article 128: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#section23
Verified: 2024/08/22
VR004
Authority responsible for voter registration
Question: Which is the authority responsible for the registration of voters for national elections?
Answer:
d . Election Management Body (specify)
Comments: Uzbekistan uses a passive system for registering voters based on permanent or temporary residence. Eligible citizens are automatically added to the voter register based on continuously updated data from the country’s civil registry. The central Single Electronic Voter Register (SEVR) unifies data from the different databases of several government agencies. The CEC oversees the SEVR that was created ahead of the 2019 parliamentary elections. The SEVR is operated and maintained by the Ministry for Development of Information Technologies and Communications.
Source: OSCE ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report, Republic of Uzbekistan, Presidential Election 24 October 2021: https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/9/e/516435_0.pdf
Verified: 2024/08/22
VR008
Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Question: Is it compulsory to be on the voters register?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Uzbekistan uses a passive system for registering voters based on permanent or temporary residence. Eligible citizens are automatically added to the voter register based on continuously updated data from the country’s civil registry.
Source: OSCE ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report, Republic of Uzbekistan, Presidential Election 24 October 2021: https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/9/e/516435_0.pdf
Verified: 2024/08/22
Parties and Candidates
PC001
Registration requirements for parties (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the registration requirements for political parties running for national elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
a . Signature requirement (specify requirement) e . Minimum number of candidates
Comments: Article 62: A political party may nominate a candidate for President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, provided that it is registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Uzbekistan not later than four months before the announcement of the election campaign
Article 63: To participate in the elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan no less than seventy days before the elections a political party must submit to the Central Election Commission:
an application on participation in the election signed by the party leader;
a reference on the registration of a political party from the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Uzbekistan;
information about the future candidate for the post of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Article 68: A political party may nominate candidates for deputies provided that it is registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Uzbekistan no later than four months before the date of the announcement of the election campaign and has collected at least forty thousand signatures of voters supporting its participation in the elections.
Article 70: Political parties have the right to:
nominate seventy-five candidates for deputy in single-member constituencies, that is, one candidate for deputy in each electoral district;
nominate no less than seventy-five but no more than one hundred candidates for deputy on the party list.
The number of women must be no less than forty percent of the number of candidates for deputy nominated by a political party in single-member constituencies, as well as on the basis of the party list. At the same time, no less than two of the five candidates in sequence on the party list must be women.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 12, Article 62, 63, 68, 70: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019#4461397
Verified: 2024/08/26
PC003
Registration requirements for candidates (Chamber 1)
Question: What are the legal qualifications to become a candidate at legislative elections (Chamber 1)?
Answer(s):
a . Age b . Citizenship d . Residence
Comments: A deputy of the Legislative Сhamber of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as a member of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, may be a citizen of the Republic of Uzbekistan, who has reached on the date of the elections twenty five years of age and permanently residing on the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan not less than five years. Requirements for candidates to be a deputy shall be determined by law.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Article 92: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#section23
Verified: 2024/08/26
PC008
Independent candidates
Question: Can independent candidates compete in presidential or legislative elections?
Answer(s):
a . Neither in presidential nor legislative elections
Comments: Right to nominate a candidate for Presidency of the Republic of Uzbekistan, a candidate for deputy of the Legislative Chamber and a candidate for deputy of local Kengashes belongs to political parties.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 7, Article 37: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019#4461397
Verified: 2024/08/26
PC012
Public funding of parties
Question: Do political parties receive direct/indirect public funding?
Answer(s):
b . Direct
Comments: Financing of participation of political parties in the elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and local Kengashes shall be financed from the funds of the State budget of the Republic of Uzbekistan allocated for these purposes in the established procedure.
The amount of state funds allocated to finance the participation of political parties in elections per candidate shall be determined by the Central Election Commission.
State funds allocated to finance the participation of political parties in election shall be spent on:
conducting agitation;
organizing the work of proxies of candidates and others involved in agitation;
all-party events related to conduct of election campaign.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 17, Article 100: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019#4461397
Verified: 2024/08/26
PC015
Question: What is the basis of the public funding?
Answer(s):
e . Other
Comments: Article 7: The annual amount of the allocated public funds for financing of authorized activities of political parties is created of calculation of two and a half percent from the basic settlement size established for September 1 of the year preceding year of allocation of these means increased by the number of the citizens included in electoral registers on the last elections to Legislative house.
Source: Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan of April 30, 2004 No. 617-II About financing of political parties (as amended on 02-07-2024), Articles 7-8: https://cis-legislation.com/document.fwx?rgn=6589
Verified: 2024/08/26
PC017
Question: Are political parties entitled to private funding?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: A political party has the right to receive donations exclusively from legal entities (except for enterprises with foreign investments) and citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan, both in cash and through the transfer of property, provision of services, performance of work and only for the implementation of statutory activities.
The amount of donations received by a political party from one legal entity of the Republic of Uzbekistan during the year should not exceed five thousand times the basic calculated amount established as of January 1 of the year of donations.
The amount of donations received by a political party from one citizen of the Republic of Uzbekistan during the year should not exceed five hundred times the basic calculated amount established as of January 1 of the year of donations. This restriction does not apply to membership fees paid by members of a political party on the basis of its charter.
It is not permitted to provide political parties with donations in the form of funds, transfer of property, provision of services, performance of work (including through the allocation of grants, provision of technical assistance, payment of expenses associated with travel, as well as trainings, seminars, conferences held on the territory of the Republic Uzbekistan and abroad):
foreign countries;
legal entities of foreign states, their representative offices and branches;
international organizations, their representative offices and branches;
enterprises with foreign investment;
foreign citizens;
stateless persons.
Source: Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan of April 30, 2004 No. 617-II About financing of political parties (as amended on 02-07-2024), Article 12-15: https://lex.uz/en/docs/168377#
Verified: 2024/08/26
Vote Counting
VC004
Votes are sorted/counted at
Question: Following the close of the voting, where are the votes first sorted and counted?
Answer:
a . The polling stations
Comments: Article 94. Counting of votes at polling station
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 16, Article 94 (2019): hhttps://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/22
VC011
When are ballots recounted?
Question: Under what conditions are ballots recounted?
Answer(s):
a . Never recounted
Comments: In the event of detection of discrepancies in the vote count reflected in the protocol of the precinct election commission, the territorial, sub-region, city and district election commission has the right to propose that the precinct election commission eliminate them at its meeting.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 16, Article 95 (2019): https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/22
Media and Elections
ME037
Criteria for allocating free broadcast time
Question: What are the criteria for allocating free broadcast time and/or free printed advertisement space to political parties?
Answer(s):
a . Equal regardless of size of party and previous performance
Comments: Article 46: During the campaign, equal conditions of access to the state media shall be ensured by providing the same amount of broadcasting and print space free of charge.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 9, Article 46: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/22
ME059
Television debates
Question: Are televised debates between candidates or party representatives normally conducted?
Answer(s):
b . Yes, in legislative elections
Comments: Presidential: The CEC required the five national state TV stations to reserve time for debates among the contestants on every Saturday during the campaign period; however, such debates did not take place; Parliamentary: For the first time, televised debates among the representatives of the five parties were organized. A total of 51 debates took place.
Source: OSCE ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report, Republic of Uzbekistan, Presidential Election 24 October 2021: https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/9/e/516435_0.pdf; OSCE ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report, Republic of Uzbekistan, Parliamentary Elections 22 December 2019: https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/9/3/452170_1.pdf
Verified: 2024/08/22
ME062
Blackout period for release of opinion poll results.
Question: What is the blackout period, if any, during which results of pre-election opinion polls may not be released to the public?
Answer:
b . 2-3 days
Comments: Article 103: On the election day and the day before the start of voting, it shall be prohibited to publish (promulgate) the results of public opinion surveys, forecasts of election results, other researches related to the elections, including their placement in the information networks, as well as in the Internet.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 18, Article 103: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/22
ME080
Question: Is there a maximum amount that a political party is permitted to spend on paid advertising during a campaign period?
Answer:
b . No
Comments: The amount of funding made available by the CEC to candidates caps the funding of campaigns at a low level and thus limits the parties’ and candidates’ scope to determine their own campaign strategy and methods, including related to production of additional campaign material and advertising, notably for constituency-level campaigning.
Source: OSCE ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report, Republic of Uzbekistan, Parliamentary Elections 22 December 2019: https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/9/3/452170_1.pdf
Verified: 2024/08/22
Direct Democracy
DD002
Direct Democracy Provisions (National Level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy Procedures at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: All citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall have the right to participate in the management and administration of public and state affairs, both directly and through representation. They may exercise this right by way of self-government, referendums and democratic formation of state bodies, as well as public control over activities of state bodies.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 8, Article 36: Articles, 9, 32, 74, 127 https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index
Verified: 2024/08/26
DD003
Mandatory referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Mandatory Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The Republic of Karakalpakstan shall have the right to secede from the Republic of Uzbekistan on the basis of a nation-wide referendum held by the people of Karakalpakstan.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 17, Article 89: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index
Verified: 2024/08/26
DD004
Optional referendums (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Optional Referendums at the national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Article 9: Major matters of public and state life shall be submitted for a nation-wide discussion and put to a direct vote of the people (a referendum).
Article 154: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall be amended by constitutional law adopted by a majority, not less than two thirds of the total number accordingly of deputies of the Legislative Chamber and members of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, or by referendum of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Articles 9, 154: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index
Verified: 2024/08/26
DD005
Citizens' Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Citizen’s Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: Article 12. The procedure for implementing the initiative of citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan to hold a referendum: Citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan exercise the right to initiate a referendum if signatures of at least five percent of citizens of the total number of citizens eligible to participate in the referendum are collected, subject to their uniform and proportional distribution in each administrative-territorial entity (the Republic of Karakalpakstan, the region and the city of Tashkent).
Source: On Introducing Amendments and Additions to the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Referendum of the Republic of Uzbekistan" (2001), Article 12: https://lex.uz/docs/-81253
Verified: 2024/08/26
DD006
Agenda Initiatives (national level)
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Agenda Initiatives at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#section23
International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance Database: https://www.idea.int/data-tools/data/country?country=240&database_theme=309
Verified: 2024/08/26
DD007
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Recalls at national level?
Answer:
b . No
Comments:
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#section23
International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance Database: https://www.idea.int/data-tools/data/country?country=240&database_theme=309
Verified: 2024/08/26
DD129
Question: Are the results of referenda always binding, never binding or sometimes binding?
Answer:
a . Always binding
Comments: Article 41: The decision taken at the referendum is binding throughout the territory of the Republic of Uzbekistan and does not need any confirmation by acts of state authorities of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Source: On Introducing Amendments and Additions to the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On Referendum of the Republic of Uzbekistan" (2001), Article 41:https://lex.uz/docs/-81253
Verified: 2024/08/26
DD130
Question: Are the types of issues to vote upon in a referendum constitutional changes only, other issues only or both constitutional and other issues?
Answer:
c . Both constitutional and other issues
Comments: Article 9: Major matters of public and state life shall be submitted for a nation-wide discussion and put to a direct vote of the people (a referendum).
Article 154: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall be amended by constitutional law adopted by a majority, not less than two thirds of the total number accordingly of deputies of the Legislative Chamber and members of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, or by referendum of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Articles 9, 154: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index
Verified: 2024/08/26
DD131
Question: Are there any Legal Provisions for Direct Democracy at sub-national levels (regional or local)?
Answer:
a . Yes
Comments: The Republic of Karakalpakstan shall have the right to secede from the Republic of Uzbekistan on the basis of a nation-wide referendum held by the people of Karakalpakstan.
Source: The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Article 89: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index
Verified: 2024/08/26
Voting Operations
VO003
Electors vote at
Question: Where can electors vote?
Answer(s):
a . At a specified polling station in the locality where they are registered at national elections d . At specially designated polling stations j . Other
Comments: Electors can vote at polling stations formed according to the boundaries of districts, cities, and districts within cities. In specific cases, such as health reasons or for those abroad, voting can also occur at the voter's place of residence or at locations determined by the precinct election commission.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 2, Article 10, Chapter 9, Article 56: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/26
VO004
Voting outside the country is permitted for
Question: Who can vote from outside the country?
Answer(s):
b . Citizens residing outside the country
Comments: Article 27: Citizens in foreign countries can apply in writing to precinct election commissions formed at diplomatic and other representations of the Republic of Uzbekistan in foreign countries, or electronically through the official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan to be included in the voter list for fifteen days before the election.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 4, Article 27: https://saylov.uz/en/docs/ozbekiston-respublikasining-sajlov-kodeksi
Verified: 2024/08/22
VO005
Locations for voting outside of the country
Question: If voting outside the country is permitted, at what places?
Answer(s):
a . Embassies b . Consulates
Comments: Article 10: Polling stations can be formed at diplomatic and other missions of the Republic of Uzbekistan in foreign countries. To hold elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan and deputies of the Legislative Chamber in a single electoral district on the basis of the party list, the Central Election Commission, on the proposal of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, may establish polling stations at diplomatic and other missions of the Republic of Uzbekistan in foreign countries. The issue of attaching a polling station formed outside the Republic of Uzbekistan to the corresponding territory shall be decided by the Central Election Commission.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 2, Article 10: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/22
VO011
Voting method
Question: How do electors cast their votes?
Answer(s):
a . Manually marking of ballots
Comments: Article 55: After receiving the ballot paper, the voter fills it in the booth or room for secret ballot. The presence of persons other than the voter shall not be permitted when filling out the ballot. A voter who is not able to fill in the ballot paper on his / her own has the right to invite another person to the booth or the secret ballot room at his / her discretion, with the exception of persons who are members of the election commission, observers and representatives of the media.
The voter puts a "+" or "✓" or "x" sign in an empty square located to the right opposite the surname of the candidate, the name of the political party for which he votes.
The voter shall put the completed ballot paper into the ballot box.
Source: Election Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 10, Article 55: https://lex.uz/docs/4458857?ONDATE=26.06.2019
Verified: 2024/08/22
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