Media And Elections

Handbook on Media Monitoring (Chapter 1-3, NDI)

The handbook for the Media Monitoring Project of the National Democratic Institute (NDI). This file contains the folowing chapters: 1)Introduction; 2)Initiating a Media Monitoring Project; 3)Planning and Organization.

Slovakia: Media Monitoring Report (1998)

A Sample Media Monitoring Report attached to "the Media Monitoring to Promote Democratic Elections", a handbook for the media monitoring project, published by National Democratic Institute (NDI)

Handbook on Media Monitoring (Chapter 4, NDI)

This is the file of Chapter 4 from the Handbook on Media Monitoring, published by National Democratic Institute (NDI). This Chapter discusses The Basics for Media Monitoring.

Handbook on Media Monitoring (Chapter 5, NDI)

This file contains Chapter 5 of the Handbook on Media Monitoring by the National Democtratic Institute (NDI). This chapter introduces Monitoring Instructions.

Handbook on Media Monitoring (Chapter 6, NDI)

The file features Chapter 6 of the Handbook on Media Monitoring by the National Democtratic Institute (NDI). This chapter covers the sections "Reporting Your Results", "Conclusion" and the Appendices.

ACEEEO recommendation on media coverage of elections

Recommendation on media coverage of elections by the ASSOCIATION OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN ELECTION OFFICIALS (ACEEEO)

Afghanistan: Preliminary Media Monitoring Report, Parliamentary Election Campaign, The Media Commission (2005)

Media Monitoring Report by the Media Commission covering the first two weeks (17 August – 30 August 2005) of the official election campaign. The report includes statistics on media coverage of the various candidates and their campaigns. Coverage of the issues of the candidates is also measured.

Afghanistan: Media Monitoring Report, Parliamentary Election Campaign, The Media Commission (2005)

Media Monitoring Report of the Election Campaign, 17 August - 15 September 2005 by the Media Commission. The report includes statistics on media coverage of the various candidates and their campaigns. Coverage of the issues of the candidates is also measured.

Afghanistan: Media Monitoring Report, Parliamentary Elections, The Media Commission (2005)

Media Monitoring Report of The pre-electoral period (24 July – 16 August 2005) by the Media Commission. The report includes statistics on media coverage of the various candidates and their campaigns. Coverage of the issues of the candidates is also measured.

Commonwealth Election Broadcasting Guidelines (2001)

The "Commonwealth Election Broadcasting Guidelines" published by the Commonwealth Broadcasting Association for the Commonwealth Secretariat (2001).

Commonwealth Press Union - Elections and Election Reporting (2005)

Statement by the Commonwealth Press Union (CPU) about its engagement in advocating and implementing election reporting courses for political and other journalists and providing media election monitoring.

South Africa: Promoting Gender Equality in and through Media (2002)

This is the case study presented at the United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women (DAW) Expert Group Meeting on “Participation and access of women to the media, and the impact of media on, and its use as an instrument for the advancement and empowerment of women”, Beirut, Lebanon, 2002.

Ukraine: Excerpt from the Presidential Election Law on the Use of Media

This document features Article 32 on the "Use of Mass Media in Pre-Election Campaign Publicity" from the Presidential Election Law of Ukraine.

Moldova: Excerpt from Election Code on the Use of Media

This is the article 47 "Pre-election Campaigning" from Election Code in Moldova. This article deals with the use of media during the pre-election period.

Albania: Excerpt from Election Law on the Use of Media (1992, amended in 1997)

 

Nigeria: Electoral Act Articles Regulating the Use of Media (2002)

This is an excerpt from Electoral Act of Nigeria (from article 92 to article 96), which stipulates what constitutes the electoral offenses in the use of media during the election campaign.

Slovakia: Election Law Article 15 on Pre-Election Campaign

 

Media Preconditions for Free and Fair Elections (2002)

The article "What are the media preconditions for an election to qualify as being 'free and fair'?" by Guy Berger prepared as a discussion document for the "South African National Editor's Forum" (SANEF) in 2002. The article sets six conditions to be met by the media for free and fair elections.

Hungary: Code of Conduct for Internet Content Providers (2002)

The Code of Conduct formulated by the Hungarian Association of Content Providers (MTE) in cooperation with the National Election Committee sets forth the liability and duties of Content Providers, political advertisement using Internet, pre-election media blackout and opinion polls.

IDEA draft code of conduct on media and elections

This draft code of conduct covers obligations to individual journalists, editers and owners, political parties and candidates and election management bodies.

Ukraine: IMI Article 19, Election Monitoring Newsletter (2005)

IMI A 19 Newsletter, NO. 11, 28. Sept 2005. The newsletter highlights some of the trends in the Ukrainian persidential candidates' access to media, and media coverage of the campaign period of August to November 2005.

Communications Planning (IMPACS)

An article that examines the communications planning strategies for non-profit organisations. This is written by the "Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society" (IMPACS)

Media Communications Toolkit (IMPACS)

This Toolkit developed by the "Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society" (IMPACS) examines various media tools used in election coverage, suc as: ads, news release, media conference, and more.

Effective Media Communications Skills (IMPACS)

This article written by the Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society (IMPACS) discusses what needs to be taken into consideration when organisations are planning to issue news releases, conduct interviews, and so on. Some checklists and sample formats are also included.

Iraq: A Reporter's Guide to Election Coverage (2005)

Journalists Manual published by several organisations, such as UNESCO, INSI, Index on Censorship and many individuals. This manual contains the first edition of documents covering the election process in Iraq.

Matrix to define your message

Matrix exmple that can be used as part of communication stratergy planning for EMBs (written by Richard Carver)

South Africa: Media and Election Reporting in South Africa (2004)

Seminar Report by the German Foundation Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung

Elections Reporting Handbook (IMPACS 2004)

The handbook "Elections Reporting Handbook" by the Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society (IMPACS)

Media and Elections Case Studies

A comprehensive analysis on media and elections edited by Christophoros Christophorou, commissioned by the European Institute for the Media. Case studies are mostly from Europe.

Report on the Proceeding: Media and Elections (IMPACS 2001)

The file "Report on the Proceedings: Media and elections - The IMPACS 2001 roundtable" by the Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society (IMPACS), Vancouver, B.C. by Ross Howard

Zimbabwe: A Report on Press Practices and Ethics (2002)

The report "Free and Fair: an Ambition for Press Reporting" prepared by the media observation team and submitted to the Commonwealth Press Union (CPU). The primary mandate of the observation team was to monitor Zimbabwe newspapers.

Mediate the Conflict (IMPACS 2002)

This is a keynote address by Ross Howard, a project manager for the Institute for Media, Policy and Civil Society (IMPACS), to a seminar on the role of the media in peacebuilding. It discusses the neutrality and impartiality of the media and the media's potential roles in peacebuilding.

Methodology of Monitoring Broadcast and Print Media (2003)

Paper by MEMO98, a slovakian NGO, outlining a methodology to monitor the media broadcast and the print media reporting about political parties and candidates.

Barbados: Law on Election Broadcasting (1990)

This is the general election regulation in Barbados that sets the allocation of time for political broadcast.

Bosnia: Media Monitoring Methodology

Document describing the methodology used by the Media Monitoring Center (MMC) in Bosnia Herzegovina

Cambodia: Media and Elections Guidelines (UNTAC 1992)

Media guidelines for Cambodia, drafted by the Information/Education Division of the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) in 1992

Indonesia: sample press materials from election authority (1998)

This is a copy of the list of contents from Media Information Kits for the Indonesia's General Election in 1998.

International Federation of Journalists: Election Reporting Handbook

a media for democracy handbook

Malawi: Election Reporting Guidelines - Election Commission (1994)

Procedures for media coverage of Parliamentary and Presidential Elections

Serbia and Montenegro: Law on State Election Broadcasting (1998)

Resolution on rules for political parties' presentation in public media founded by state during the election campaign in Montenegro

South Africa: IBA Guidelines on election coverage (1999)

guidelines published by the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) on election coverage

South Africa: IBA Guidelines for broadcast licensees (1999)

This is the guideline provided by South Africa's Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) that determines how Party Election Broadcasts on national and regional radio stations should be allocated.

South Africa: IBA Formula for allocating party broadcasting (1999)

guideline published by the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) on party broadcasting

United Kingdom: BBC guidelines on election coverage

BBC producer's guidlines 1993 - selected extracts ("Broadcasting during the Elections" and "Opinion Polls")

UN Rapporteur on Freedom of Expression: Report 1999

Report from the 55th session's meeting of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, covering civil and political rights. The report also covers of freedom of expression (Report of the Special Rapporteur on the protection and promotion of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, by Mr. Abid Hussain)

International Treaties on Media and Elections

 

Mongolia: Media and Election Laws

This is an excerpt from election laws in Mongolia. This English version was made available in the website of Globe International NGO.

Namibia: Code of Ethics for Media

The "Code of Ethics" for the Namibian Media covers a number of subjects, such as accurate reporting, corrections, right of reply, the definition of public interests, the protection of privacy, and more.

New Zealand: Media Kit (2005)

General Information for the media for the 2005 general elections in New Zealand, compiled by the Chief Electoral Office. This information kit contains key dates, statistics and information.

United States: Questionnaire for Voters on Presidential Primary (2004)

This questionnaire was distributed to the voters in New Hampshire during the Democratic Party's primaries for the Presidential elections in 2004, voters were asked to complete it after casting a vote. The survey was conducted by Edison Media Research/Mitofsky International and used by National Election Pool.

Sri Lanka: Report of the Election Media Monitoring Team (CPU, 2000)

This is a report of the Election Media Monitoring Team of the Commonwealth Press Union (CPU) in Sri Lanka during elections in October 2000.

An Example of SWOT analysis

An example of "Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats" (SWOT) Analysis, a technique commonly used in communication planning, that can be also used for EMB's communication planning, by Richard Carver.

SWOT table

An example of SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats - A technique commonly used in communication planning, that can be also used for EMB's communication planning) (written by Richard Carver)

Gambia: Timeline to communicate the key messages of communications plan (2004)

Table containing information put together by the EMB in Gambia on timing, messages and techniques to create a specific plan to communicate the key messages of the communications plan stating what needed to be done when and by whom.

United Kingdom: Wokingham District Council - Election Fact Pack (2005)

Sample of an election fact pack for journalists by the Wokingham District Council

Media and Elections Project - Central and Eastern European Countries

This preparatory study on the regulatory framework for media coverage of elections in Central and Eastern Europe is commissioned by the Association of Central and Eastern European Election Officials (ACEEEO). It consists of three parts: (i) an explanatory report to the questionnaire on the legal framework in relation to media coverage of elections in Central and Eastern Europe, (ii) the draft questionnaire itself and (iii) a bibliography.