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مجموع البلدان / الأقاليم 224
|
|---|
| البلد / الإقليم |
الإجابات |
تعليقات |
التحقق |
|
أفغانستان
|
b. مستقـل
|
The IEC is the only institution responsible for administering and supervising elections and referenda, and acts independently.
مصدر:
The Independent Election Commission, Vision and Mission: http://www.iec.org.af/2012-05-29-07-06-38/vision-mission (2014).
|
2019/09/24
|
|
ألبانيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
http://www.idea.int/sites/default/files/publications/electoral-management-design-2014.pdf, page 375 (accessed May 2017)
|
2017/05/17
|
|
الجزائر
|
a. حكومي
|
The Ministry of Interior has overall authority for administration of the elections, though separate political party and magistrates commissions with limited oversight functions are formed for the electoral period.
مصدر:
EU EOM Final Report on the Algerian Legislative Elections of 12 May 2012, p. 12-14: http://www.eueom.eu/files/pressreleases/english/rapport_final_05_08_2012_FR.pdf (2017);
NDI Final Report on Algeria's Legislative Elections of 10 May 2012, p. 16-18: http://www.ndi.org/files/Algeria-Report-Leg-Elections-ENG.pdf (2017);
Electoral law (Loi organique n° 12-01 du 18 Safar 1433 correspondant au 12 janvier 2012 relative au régime électoral), art. 149 - 159, 168-187: http://www.parliament.am/library/norelectoral%20law/aljir.pdf (2017);
Décret présidentiel n° 12-68 du 18 Rabie El Aouel 1433 correspondant au 11 février 2012 fixant l'organisation et le fonctionnement de la commission nationale de supervision des élections: http://www.ambdz.tn/AConsulter/pdf/8%20decret%20presidentiel%2012-68.pdf (2017)
|
2019/09/25
|
|
ساموا الأمريكية
|
c. مختلط
|
There is established in the executive branch of the American Samoa Government a permanent, independent election office. The election office is headed by the Chief Election Officer, who shall be appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Legislature.
مصدر:
American Samoa Code Annotated, Title 6, Ch.1 (6.0103.1)
|
2017/08/18
|
|
أندورا
|
c. مختلط
|
مصدر:
Electoral law: 28/2007 - "Llei qualificada del règim electoral i del referèndum", art. 27 & 28: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/AD/andorra-electoral-law-2007/
|
2023/06/09
|
|
أنغولا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The National Electoral Commission is an independent body that organizes, implements, coordinates and conducts elections. The National Election Commission enjoys organic, administrative, functional and financial independence.
مصدر:
Constitution of 3 February 2010, art. 107: http://www.tribunalconstitucional.ao/uploads/%7B9555c635-8d7c-4ea1-b7f9-0cd33d08ea40%7D.pdf (2017);
Electoral Law n.º 36/11 of 21 December 2011 regulating General Elections, art. 139, 140: http://www.tribunalconstitucional.ao/uploads/%7Bc46fa0b3-c947-4440-ae92-5f1a3a275d8a%7D.pdf (2017);
Law n.º 12/12 of 13 April 2012 regulating the organisation and functioning of the National Electoral Commission, art. 3, 4: http://www.tribunalconstitucional.ao/uploads/%7Bc749c249-1c14-43bb-a49d-db985d718de6%7D.pdf (2017)
|
2017/03/28
|
|
أنغيلا
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2015/02/24
|
|
أنتيغوا وبربودا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2014/06/05
|
|
الأرجنتين
|
c. مختلط
|
مصدر:
Law on the National Electoral Justice: “Ley Orgánica de la Justicia Nacional Electoral — Ley 19108”: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/AR/argentina-ley-19108-organica-justicia-nacional-electoral-2019/ (2019);
Presidential Decree 682/2010, which establishes the structure of the National Offices for Elections and for Political Affairs and Reform at the Ministry of Interior’s Political Affairs Department: “Decreto 682/2010 del Poder Ejecutivo Nacional, por el que se aprueba la estructura de la Dirección Nacional Electoral y la Dirección Nacional de Asuntos Políticos y Reforma Electoral de la Secretaría de Asuntos Políticos del Ministerio del Interior”: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/AR/argentina-decreto-mininterior-682-2010-estructura-dine/ (2019)
|
2021/12/26
|
|
أرمينيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
Article 51. Functions and powers of the Central Electoral Commission
1. The Central Electoral Commission is an independent state authority which shall organise
the elections of the National Assembly and local self-government bodies, referenda, as well as
exercise supervision over the lawfulness thereof.
مصدر:
Electoral Code of 25 May 2016, art. 51 (1):
http://www.venice.coe.int/webforms/documents/?pdf=CDL-REF(2016)042-e
|
2015/12/01
|
|
أروبا
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2017/07/07
|
|
أستراليا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Australian Electoral Commission is an independent statutory authority.
مصدر:
Australian Electoral Commission homepage: https://www.aec.gov.au/About_AEC/AEC_Services/
Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 (amended in 2019) Section 6: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2019C00103/f85985f8-e256-4e11-ad31-884ed7f92224
|
2024/09/09
|
|
النمسا
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2012/05/29
|
|
أذربيجان
|
b. مستقـل
|
Under the authority established by this Code, the election (referendum) commissions shall not depend on state bodies, municipal institutions, political parties, non-governmental or other public organizations, or other legal entities and physical persons with regard to the preparation and holding elections (referendums). Such entities and their officials are not allowed to intervene in the activity of election commissions.
مصدر:
Election Code of the Republic of Azerbaijan including 2024 amendments, article 17.3: https://msk.gov.az/uploads/qanunvericilik/Election-Code-2024.pdf
|
2024/11/12
|
|
جزر البهاما
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2009/10/29
|
|
البحرين
|
a. حكومي
|
The Minister of Justice and Islamic Affairs heads a Supreme Committee to supervise the validity of referendums and parliamentary elections.
مصدر:
Decree No. 14 of 2002 on Exercising Political Rights, art. 17, 18: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/BH/bahrain-law-by-decree-on-exercising-political/view
|
2024/11/25
|
|
بنغلاديش
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2012/05/30
|
|
بربادوس
|
b. مستقـل
|
A combination of the EBC and the Electoral Department
مصدر:
Angela Taylor, Chief Electoral Officer, Elections and Boundaries Commission
|
2012/01/31
|
|
روسيا البيضاء
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution: “Constitution of the Republic of Belarus”, art. 71: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/BY/belarus-constitution-2021-english/
|
2023/09/13
|
|
بلجيكا
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Official Website of the Ministry of Interior, Directorate for Elections:
http://www.ibz.rrn.fgov.be/index.php?id=33&L=0 (2012)
|
2019/04/25
|
|
بليز
|
c. مختلط
|
The Electoral and Boundaries Commission (EBC) is not subject to the direction or control of any other person or authority, while the Electoral and Boundaries Department—which reports to the Ministry of the Public Service and the EBC—is responsible for the day-to-day administration and all phases of the electoral process.
مصدر:
Constitution: “Belize Constitution, Chapter 4”, Section 88: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BZ/belize-constitution-2022/ ;
Electoral Law: “Representation of the People Act, Chapter 9”, Section 10 & 11: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BZ/belize-representation-of-the-people-act-2020/
|
2025/03/24
|
|
بنين
|
b. مستقـل
|
Article 12
Les élections sont gérées par un organe
administratif dénommé Commission électorale nationale autonome
(CENA).
La Commission électorale nationale autonome dispose d'une
réelle autonomie par rapport aux institutions de la République (Exécutif,
Assemblée Nationale, Cour Constitutionnelle, Cour Suprême, Haute
Cour de Justice, Conseil Economique et Social, Haute Autorité de
l’Audiovisuel et de la Communication), sous réserve des dispositions des
articles 49, 81 alinéa 2 et 117, 1er et 2ème tirets de la Constitution du 11
décembre 1990 et des articles 42, 52 et 54 de la loi n° 91-009 du 04
mars 1991 portant loi organique sur la Cour Constitutionnelle modifiée
par la loi du 31 mai 2001.
مصدر:
Law n ° 2010-33 of 7 January 2011 setting general rules for the elections in the Republic of Benin, art. 12: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Benin-2/Loi-electorale-generale-pour-2011.pdf (2016)
|
2019/04/05
|
|
برمودا
|
b. مستقـل
|
|
2012/02/24
|
|
بوتان
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Election Commission shall be independent and consist of a Chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners.
مصدر:
Election Act of the Kingdom of Bhutan, 2008, Chapter 3, Article 20: https://www.ecb.bt/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/ElectionActEnglish.pdf
|
2024/08/27
|
|
بوليفيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Plurinational Electoral Body is a public authority of the State and has constitutional status equal to that of the legislative, executive and judicial authorities. It is related to these organs based on the principles of independence, separation, coordination and cooperation. The electoral authority has functional autonomy from other state bodies. It does not receive instructions from other public authorities nor is it influenced by any other authority.
مصدر:
Constitution; "Constitución Política del Estado", art. 12 (I): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BO/bolivia-constitucion-politica-del-estado-vigente/ (2019).
EMB Law; "Ley del Órgano Electoral Plurinacional — Ley 018-2010", art. 2, 4 (10): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/BO/bolivia-ley-018-2010-organo-electoral-plurinacional-vigente/ (2019).
|
2024/12/09
|
|
البوسنة والهرسك
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Law: Election law of Bosnia and Herzegovina, art. 2.9.
http://izbori.ba/Documents/documents/ZAKONI/BiH_Election_Law_last_consolidated_version_2018.pdf
|
2018/11/14
|
|
بوتسوانا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution of Botswana, art. 65A (1): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/BW/botswana-constitution-of-1966-with-amendments-up/view (2014).
|
2014/10/27
|
|
البرازيل
|
b. مستقـل
|
Article 12:
The following are bodies of the Electoral Justice:
I – the Superior Electoral Court, headquartered in the capital of the Republic and with jurisdiction throughout the country;
II – a Regional Court in the capital of each state, in the Federal District, and, upon proposal from the Superior Court, in the capital of a territory;
III – electoral boards;
IV – electoral judges.
مصدر:
Electoral Code - Law No. 4,737, of July 15, 1965, Article 12:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/codigo-eleitoral-1/codigo-eleitoral-lei-nb0-4.737-de-15-de-julho-de-1965
Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 1988, Article 118:
https://www.tse.jus.br/legislacao/codigo-eleitoral/constituicao-federal/constituicao-da-republica-federativa-do-brasil
|
2024/10/23
|
|
بروناي دار السلام
|
d. غير قابلة للتطبيق
|
مصدر:
Constitution, Art. 23: http://publicofficialsfinancialdisclosure.worldbank.org/fdl/sites/fdl/files/assets/law-library-files/Brunei_Constitution_1959_amended%202011_EN.pdf (2013);
CIA World Factbook: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bx.html
|
2013/03/18
|
|
بلغاريا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
Electoral code: Art. 46(1) http://dv.parliament.bg/DVWeb/showMaterialDV.jsp?idMat=82965 (2014)
|
2014/10/02
|
|
بوركينا فاسو
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Code as amended in 2015, art. 2, 4: http://www.ceni.bf/sites/default/files/Code_électoral_BF-Version_21.05.2015.pdf (2015)
|
2015/12/04
|
|
ميانمار
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
The Union Election Commission Law, art. 3: http://www.altsean.org/Research/2010/Resources/Laws/Union%20Election%20Commission%20Law.pdf (2013);
Constitution of Myanmar, art. 398: http://burmacampaign.org.uk/media/Constitution-1.pdf (2015).
|
2015/11/17
|
|
بوروندي
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Decree No. 100/76 of 12 March 2012 regulating the organization and functioning of the Independent National Electoral Commission, art. 3: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/BI/burundi-decree-no-100-76-of-12-march-2012-on-the/view ;
Constitution, art. 89: https://acbc.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl441/files/Legislation/Countries%20legislations/BURUNDI/Constitution%20of%20Burundi%20of%20_2018_compressed.pdf
|
2025/05/08
|
|
كمبوديا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The National Election Committee shall be independent and neutral in implementing its mandate to ensure the election is free, fair and just in accordance with the liberal, democratic, pluralistic principles. All members of the National Election Committee and members of election commissions at all levels shall be neutral and impartial in carrying out its work.
مصدر:
Law on the Organization and Functioning of the National Election Committee, art. 3: http://ngocedaw.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/tmp_11849-Draft-NEC-Law_Eng-337982827.pdf
|
2018/08/15
|
|
الكاميرون
|
b. مستقـل
|
“Elections Cameroon” shall be an independent body responsible for the organization, management and supervision of all election and referendum operations.
مصدر:
Electoral Code Chapter I section 4 (1): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CM/cameroon-electoral-code-english-2012
|
2018/11/05
|
|
كندا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Chief Electoral Officer (CEO)is appointed by a resolution of the House of Commons. He or she reports directly to Parliament and is completely independent of the government of the day and all political parties. The CEO serves until retirement at age 65 or resignation. He or she can be removed from office only for cause, by the Governor General after a joint request following a majority vote by the House of Commons and Senate.
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_inlay_final.pdf
Elections Canada:The Chief Electoral Officer of Canada: Appointment of the Chief Electoral Officer (http://elections.ca/content.asp?section=ceo&document=index&dir=app&lang=e&textonly=false)
|
2025/03/28
|
|
الرأس الأخضر
|
c. مختلط
|
The National Electoral Commission, which is the supreme electoral authority, is an independent and permanent body. The Directorate General for Support to the Electoral Process is a governmental department in charge of providing technical, administrative and logistical support to the electoral process. Its functions are exercised under the supervision and control of the National Electoral Commission.
مصدر:
Electoral Law as amended by Law No 56/VII/2010, art. 11, 18, 26: http://www.parlamento.cv/userfiles/image/site/Leis/Altera%20o%20C%C3%B3digo%20Eleitoral%20-%20texto%20integrante.pdf (2016);
Constitution of Cape Verde as amended in 2010, art. 96: http://www.parlamento.cv/Downloads/Constitui%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20da%20Rep%C3%BAblica%20de%20Cabo%20verde,%202010.pdf (2016);
Law-decree no. 29/2007 of 20 August 2007
|
2016/05/04
|
|
جزر كايمان
|
a. حكومي
|
The Supervisor of the Elections Office is appointed by the Governor of the Cayman Islands and shall be a person who holds a senior office in the public service.
مصدر:
Electoral Law: “Elections Act (2021 Revision)”, Section 3 & 4: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/KY/cayman-islands-elections-act-2021-revision/ ;
|
2021/12/13
|
|
جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Law N° 09.016, Art. 18: http://ddata.over-blog.com/1/35/48/78/Centrafrique/CODE_ELECTORAL-RCA-2-octobre-2010.pdf (2016)
|
2021/04/19
|
|
تشاد
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Law No. 020/PR/2010 establishing a National Independent Electoral Commission amended by Law No. 022/PR/2010, art. 7, 8, 13, 21 (2) : http://www.iss.co.za/uploads/CHADCENI.PDF (2016)
|
2019/04/23
|
|
شيلي
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de Chile (2017)”, art. 18:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CL/chile-constitucion-politica-de-la-republica-de-1/
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica Constitucional sobre Sistema de Inscripciones Electorales y Servicio Electoral (2016)”, art. 57 & 62: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CL/chile-ley-sobre-el-sistema-de-inscripciones/
Law: “Reforma Constitucional que otorga autonomía al Servicio Electoral (Ley No. 20.860)”: https://www.leychile.cl/Navegar?idNorma=1082962
|
2025/03/04
|
|
الصين
|
e. لا تتيسر معلومات
|
مصدر:
http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf
|
2012/06/04
|
|
جزر كوكوس
|
b. مستقـل
|
6. (2A) For the purposes of the finance law (within the meaning of the Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013):
(a) the Commission is a listed entity;
(Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918)
On 21 February 1984 following major amendments to the Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 the Australian Electoral Commission was established as an independent statutory authority.
مصدر:
Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918, as amended on 8 March 2019, section 6: https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/C2019C00103
https://www.aec.gov.au/About_AEC/index.htm
|
2019/07/08
|
|
كولومبيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de Colombia”, art. 120, 265: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CO/colombia-constitucion-politica-de-colombia-2016 (2016).
|
2024/12/12
|
|
جزر القمر
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Law No 10-018/AU Amending certain provisions of the Electoral Act No. 07-001/AU of 14 January 2007, art. 42, 43
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/KM/comores-electoral-law-2010/view (2016)
|
2025/09/30
|
|
الكونغو -- برازافيل
|
c. مختلط
|
The Ministry of Interior is in charge of the preparations for elections.
The organization and monitoring of elections is the responsibility of the Independent National Electoral Commission.
مصدر:
Electoral Law of 24 November 2001, Amended 2016, Art. 15: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/CG/congo-brazzaville-electoral-law-amendments-2016/view (2017)
|
2017/03/29
|
|
الكونغو -- كينشاسا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Independent National Electoral Commission has financial and administrative autonomy.
مصدر:
Law No. 10/013 of 28 July 2010 on the organisation, duties and functions of the Independent Electoral Commission, Art. 6: http://www.digitalcongo.net/article/68860 (2012)
|
2012/06/28
|
|
جزر كوك
|
a. حكومي
|
There shall be an Electoral Office commissioned by the Minister, within the Ministry of Justice for the purpose of administering every election under this Act.
مصدر:
Electoral Law: Electoral Ace 2004, Art. 3
|
2014/06/05
|
|
كوستاريكا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de Costa Rica (2003)”, art. 99: http://www.tse.go.cr/pdf/normativa/constitucion.pdf (2014) http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CR/costa-rica-constitucion-politica-reformas-2015.pdf/
|
2018/01/24
|
|
كرواتيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
Article 2: The Commission is a permanent, independent state body.
مصدر:
Act on the State Electoral Commission of the Republic of Croatia (2006), art. 2.
http://www.legislationline.org/download/action/download/id/2264/file/Croatia_Act_State_Electoral_Commission_2006.pdf
https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/2265/file/Croatia_Amendments_Central_Electoral_Comm_2007.pdf (amended)
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2020/07/06
|
|
كوبا
|
b. مستقـل
|
Established by the 2019 Constitution.
مصدر:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República de Cuba (2019)”, art. 212: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CU/cuba-constitucion-2019-ace/ ;
Electoral Law: “Ley No. 127, Ley Electoral”, art. 23, 34(4): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/CU/cuba-ley-electoral-127-2019-ace/ ;
https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=oEAx0qfKMaw
|
2023/09/12
|
|
قبرص
|
a. حكومي
|
The Central Election Service, attached to the Ministry of Interior, is responsible of the electoral process.
مصدر:
Official website of the Central Electoral Service:
http://moi.gov.cy (2016).
|
2024/10/25
|
|
قبرص -- الشمالية
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2012/06/07
|
|
الجمهورية التشيكية
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (2006)
International IDEA web database: https://www.idea.int/data-tools/country-view/91/54
|
2023/09/14
|
|
Côte d'Ivoire
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Independent Electoral Commission is an independent administrative authority with legal personality and financial autonomy.
مصدر:
Law no. 2004-642 of Dec.14, 2004, amending law no. 2001-634 of Oct. 9, 2001, on the composition, organization, powers, and functioning of the Independent Electoral Commission, art. 1: http://cndj.ci/CEI.htm (2012)
|
2012/12/14
|
|
الدنمارك
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design, Revised edition. P. 378
http://www.eods.eu/library/IDEA.Electoral-Management-Design.pdf
|
2019/05/27
|
|
جيبوتي
|
b. مستقـل
|
Article 40: There is established at the national level an Independent National Electoral Commission in charge of the control of electoral operations
مصدر:
Decree 2005-0024/PR/MID on the composition and functioning of the Independent National Electoral Commission, art. 2:
Organic Law n ° L 11/AN/02/4 amending Article 40 of the Organic Law n ° 2/AN/93 of 07 April 1993
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/DJ/djibouti-electoral-law-1992/view
and Article 41 of the Organic Law n ° 1/92 of 29 October 1992 regulating elections, art. 1:
|
2018/03/30
|
|
دومينيكا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Constitution provides that in the exercise of its functions the Commission shall not be subject to the direction or control of any other person or entity.
مصدر:
Constitution of Dominica (1978), Section 56 (11): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DM/dominica-constitution-of-the-commonwealth-of/view (2014).
Electoral Office of Dominica, Official Website - The Constituency Boundaries and Electoral Commissions: http://electoraloffice.gov.dm/about-us/brief-history (2014).
|
2014/12/16
|
|
جمهورية الدومينيكان
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Central Electoral Board is an autonomous body with legal personality and technical, administrative, budgetary and financial independence.
مصدر:
Constitución: Constitución de la República Dominicana (2015) art. 212: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DO/republica-dominicana-constitucion-politica-2015/ (2020)
Ley Electoral “Ley Orgánica de Régimen Electoral No. 15-19 art. 9 y 10: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/DO/republica-dominicana-ley-organica-de-regimen/ (2019)
|
2020/02/05
|
|
الاكوادور
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República del Ecuador”, art. 217: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/EC/ecuador-constitucion-2020/ ;
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica Electoral y de Organizaciones Políticas de la República del Ecuador, Código de la Democracia”, art. 18: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/EC/ecuador-codigo-democracia-2023/
|
2025/03/13
|
|
مصر
|
b. مستقـل
|
The National Elections Commission is an independent authority and shall be solely competent to administer referenda and elections of the president, the parliament and the local councils.
مصدر:
Constitution of the Arab Republic of Egypt 2014, art. 208 & 228: http://www.sis.gov.eg/Newvr/Dustor-en001.pdf (2014).
|
2025/09/23
|
|
السلفادور
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Supreme Electoral Tribunal is a body with full judicial, administrative and financial autonomy in electoral matters and therefore independent from any state agency.
مصدر:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de El Salvador”, art. 208: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/SV/el-salvador-constitucion-2014/ ;
Electoral Law: “Decreto No. 413 — Código Electoral”, 40: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/SV/el-salvador-recopilacion-legislacion-electoral-2021/
|
2024/12/19
|
|
غينيا الاستوائية
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Presidential decree No. 40/ 2013 of 28 March 2013: http://www.guineaecuatorialpress.com/imgdb/2013/DecretoNum.40_2013%281%29.pdf (2016);
Law No. 7/2012 of 16 November 2012 regulating elections to the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, municipal elections and referenda
|
2016/05/03
|
|
اريتريا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution, art. 58
Electoral Act, art. 3
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2011/06/21
|
|
استونيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
§ 11: (9) A member of an electoral committee shall be independent in the performance of his or her duties. A member of an electoral committee shall operate pursuant to law and the instructions of a superior electoral committee.
مصدر:
Electoral Law: Riigikogu Election Act as amended on 13 April 2016, § 11: 9
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2019/02/19
|
|
أثيوبيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The National Electoral Board is independent and autonomous, having its own legal personality.
مصدر:
Electoral Law as amended by Proclamation No. 532/2007, art. 4 (1) http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ET/ethiopia-proclamatio-no.-532-2007-amending-the/view
|
2015/05/18
|
|
جزر فوكلاند
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Law: “Electoral Ordinance 1988”, Section 7: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/FK/falkland-islands-electoral-ordinance-1988/ ;
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (https://www.idea.int/sites/default/files/publications/electoral-management-design-2014.pdf)
|
2022/04/19
|
|
فيجي
|
b. مستقـل
|
4.—(1) In the performance of its functions and exercise of its powers, the Electoral Commission is not subject to the direction or control of any person or authority, provided however, the Electoral Commission shall be subject to any decision of a court of law exercising jurisdiction in relation to a question as to whether the Electoral Commission performed its functions or exercised its powers in accordance with the Constitution and the law or whether the Electoral Commission should or should not perform its functions or exercise its powers.
مصدر:
Electoral Decree No. 11 of 2014, art. 4: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/FJ/fiji-electoral-decree-no.-11-of-2014/at_download/file (2014).
|
2018/04/18
|
|
فنلندا
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Election Act 714/1998 as amended, Section 10
|
2019/04/02
|
|
فرنسا
|
c. مختلط
|
c) Ministry of Interior and Constitutional Council
مصدر:
Constitution, Art. 58, 60
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/France_2008?lang=en
|
2020/06/21
|
|
غابون
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Law No. 7/96 of 12 March 1996 establishing common rules for all political elections, with all the subsequent amendments, last revised 2005, art. 10
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GA/gabon-code-electoral-2005/view
(2017)
|
2025/05/13
|
|
غامبيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
There shall be an Independent Electoral Commission for The Gambia which shall be part of the public service. In the exercise of its functions, the Commission shall not be subject to the direction or control of any other person or authority.
مصدر:
Constitution, Chapter V, part II, section 42 (1), 43 (3):
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Gambia_2004?lang=en (2017)
|
2017/03/21
|
|
جورجيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Electoral Administration of Georgia is an independent administrative body that shall be independent from other public bodies, within its powers.
مصدر:
The Election Code of Georgia, art. 7:
https://matsne.gov.ge/en/document/view/1557168?publication=87
|
2024/07/24
|
|
ألمانيا
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (https://www.idea.int/publications/catalogue/electoral-management-design-revised-edition?lang=en)
|
2025/03/12
|
|
غانا
|
b. مستقـل
|
In the performance of its functions, the Electoral Commission, shall not be subject to the direction or control of any person or authority.
مصدر:
- Constitution of the Republic of Ghana (1996), art. 46:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GH/ghana-constitution-1992-with-amendments-through/view
- The Electoral Commission Act, 1993 (Act 451), art. 3:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GH/ghana-provisions-on-the-establishment-of-the/view
|
2016/09/21
|
|
جبل طارق
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
Parliament Act Number 1950-15
https://www.gibraltarlaws.gov.gi/articles/1950-15o.pdf
|
2009/11/04
|
|
اليونان
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
P.D. 49/1988 as amended, published on the Official Journal of the Government ΦΕΚ 18 - 29.01.1988, art. 9:1
|
2012/11/13
|
|
غرينادا
|
b. مستقـل
|
In the exercise of his functions under the foregoing provisions of this section, the Supervisor of Elections shall not be subject to the direction or control of any other person or authority.
مصدر:
Constitution, art 35
|
2012/02/24
|
|
غوام
|
b. مستقـل
|
There is within, as an autonomous instrumentality and an independent commission of the government of Guam, the Election Commission.
مصدر:
Guam Code Annotated, Title 3, Ch.2, Art. 2101:
https://law.justia.com/codes/guam/2019/title-3/chapter-2/
|
2020/10/28
|
|
غواتيمالا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Law: “Ley Electoral y de Partidos Políticos”, art. 121: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/GT/guatemala-lepp-y-reglamentos-2023/
|
2023/05/29
|
|
غيرنسي
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2009/11/04
|
|
غينيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Independent National Electoral Commission has legal personality and financial autonomy. It is responsible for the organization of all political elections and referenda in the Republic of Guinea. It is technically supported by the ministerial departments involved in the electoral process, including the Ministry for Territorial Administration. In exercising their duties, the members of the CENI shall not seek or receive instructions or orders of any other public or private authority.
مصدر:
Organic Law L/2012/016/CNT of 19 September 2012 on the composition, organization and functions of the Independent National Electoral Commission (CENI), art. 1, 2, 8: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/GN/guinea-organic-law-l-2012-016-cnt-of-19-september/view
|
2017/01/26
|
|
غينيا بيساو
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Law of 12 December 2009 on the National Electoral Commission, art. 1, 18 (2): http://www.cne-guinebissau.org/phocadownload/lei_da_cne.pdf (2012)
|
2014/06/24
|
|
غيانا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
"Constitution of Guyana", art 62
(http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/GY/guyana-constitution-1996/view)
|
2013/07/01
|
|
هايتي
|
b. مستقـل
|
Article 1 of the Electoral Act.
مصدر:
Le Moniteur sous la direction de Beauzile, Fritzner, « Loi électoral », http://haitijustice.com/pdf/legislation/loi-electorale-haiti-2013.pdf, 168ième année No. 229, 2013
|
2015/04/08
|
|
الفاتيكان
|
d. غير قابلة للتطبيق
|
|
2012/05/14
|
|
هندوراس
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de 1982", art. 51: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/HN/honduras-constitucion-politica-de-1982-2021/ ;
Electoral Law: “Ley Electoral de Honduras”, art. 6: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/HN/honduras-ley-electoral-2021-con-reformas-2021/
|
2025/08/07
|
|
هونج كونج
|
e. لا تتيسر معلومات
|
|
2021/06/07
|
|
هنغاريا
|
c. مختلط
|
Section 12
The costs associated with the tasks of the state in the area of preparing and conducting elections, as well as other costs arising in connection with the activities of election bodies, shall be financed from the national budget – to the extent determined by Parliament. The State Audit Office shall inform Parliament about the use of these financial resources. The National Election Commission is otherwise independent.
مصدر:
Act XXXVI of 2013 on Electoral Procedure (last modified by Act CCVII of 2013), Section 12 & 53: http://njt.hu/cgi_bin/njt_doc.cgi?docid=159995.329468.
|
2018/07/30
|
|
أيسلندا
|
c. مختلط
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2012/06/19
|
|
الهند
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
https://aceproject.org/ace-en/topics/em/annex/electoral-management-case-studies/india-the-embodiment-of-emb-independence
|
2024/06/21
|
|
اندونيسيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The National Election Commission (KPU) is a national, permanent and independent body responsible for implementing the Election. In implementing Elections, KPU shall be free from the influence of any party related to the implementation of its duties and authorities.
مصدر:
Law 8/2012 on General Election of the Members of House of Representatives, People’s Representatives Council and Regional House of Representatives, art. 1 (6): http://anfrel.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/IFES-Indonesia-Unofficial-Translation-of-Law-82012-on-Legislative-Elections-v1_2012-06-14.pdf (2012);
Law 15/2011 on the General Election Implementers, art. 1 (6), 2 (a), 3 (3): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/ID/indonesia-law-of-the-republic-of-indonesia-15-2011
|
2012/12/05
|
|
Iran, Islamic Republic of
|
a. حكومي
|
The Ministry of the Interior is in charge of administration of elections.
مصدر:
Elections Act of Islamic Consultative Assembly, articlde 31: https://www.refworld.org/themes/custom/unhcr_rw/pdf-js/viewer.html?file=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.refworld.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Flegacy-pdf%2Fen%2F1999-11%2F4c35cba22.pdf
|
2024/11/19
|
|
العراق
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Independent High Electoral Commission is considered independent and is subject to monitoring by the Council of Representatives.
مصدر:
Iraqi Constitution, Article 102: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/mideast/IQ/Full%20Text%20of%20Iraqi%20Constitution.pdf/view
|
2018/04/15
|
|
أيرلندا
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Official Website of the Department of the Environment, Community and Local Government: http://www.environ.ie/en/LocalGovernment/Voting/
|
2024/11/21
|
|
اسرائيل
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (https://www.idea.int/sites/default/files/publications/electoral-management-design-2014.pdf)
Central Elections Committee, Overview of the Central Elections Committee : http://www.knesset.gov.il/elections17/eng/cec/CecAboutGeneral_eng.htm
|
2019/05/02
|
|
إيطاليا
|
a. حكومي
|
The Central Directorate for Electoral Services is a department in the Ministry of Interior.
|
2012/04/16
|
|
جامايكا
|
b. مستقـل
|
|
2025/09/18
|
|
اليابان
|
c. مختلط
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook:
https://www.idea.int/sites/default/files/publications/electoral-management-design-2014.pdf
|
2019/07/09
|
|
جيرسي
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2009/11/04
|
|
الأردن
|
b. مستقـل
|
An independent commission named the “Independent Election Commission ” shall be created in the Kingdom. It shall have legal personality and financial and administrative independence. Under this status, it shall have the right to own transferable and non- transferable assets and to undertake all legal procedures necessary to achieve its objectives. It shall have the right to undertake litigation and it shall be represented in judicial procedures by the Civil Public Attorney or any other lawyer it appoints for this purpose.
مصدر:
Law No. 46 of 2015: Law to Amend the Law on the Independent Election Commission, art. 3(A): http://iec.jo/sites/default/files/4%20Consolidated%20Law%20on%20the%20Independent%20Election%20Commission%202015%20EN%20%281%29_0.pdf (2016)
|
2016/08/02
|
|
كازاخستان
|
b. مستقـل
|
1. Election commissions shall be the state election bodies organizing preparation for and conduct of elections in the Republic.
2. A unified system of election commissions shall be comprised of:
1) Central Election Commission of the Republic;
2) territorial election commissions;
3) the sub-clause is excluded by the Constitutional Act of RK of 29.06.2018 No. 162-VI (enters into force upon expiry of ten calendar days after the day of its first official publication);
4) precinct election commissions.
Territorial election commissions are formed by the Central Election Commission, and precinct election commissions - by the relevant territorial election commissions.
The compound of the election commissions, with the exception of the Central Election Commission, is formed by relevant maslikhats.
Add. Note: Members of the National Election Commission get appointed by the President (2 members + 1 Chairperson), the Senate (2 members) and the Mazhilis (2 members).
مصدر:
Constitutional Law on Elections of the Republic of Kazakhstan as amended on June 29, 2018, art. 10: https://www.election.gov.kz/eng/election-legal-framework/the-laws-of-the-rk.php
|
2024/10/18
|
|
كينيا
|
a. حكومي
|
There is established the Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission.
In Exercising of its function under this Constitution, the Commission shall not be subjected to the direction or control of any other person or authority
مصدر:
Constitution of Kenya Article 88(1)
|
2024/12/06
|
|
كيريباتي
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook
https://www.idea.int/sites/default/files/publications/electoral-management-design-2014.pdf
|
2020/05/01
|
|
جمهورية كوريا الديمقراطية الشعبية
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2014/06/23
|
|
جمهورية كوريا
|
b. مستقـل
|
Election commissions shall be established for the purpose of fair management of elections and national referenda, and dealing with administrative affairs concerning political parties.
The National Election Commission may establish, within the limit of Acts and decrees, regulations relating to the management of elections, national referenda, and administrative affairs concerning political parties and may also establish regulations relating to internal discipline that are compatible with Act.
مصدر:
Constitution of the Republic of Korea, Article 114-115: https://elaw.klri.re.kr/eng_service/lawView.do?lang=ENG&hseq=1
|
2024/08/28
|
|
الكويت
|
a. حكومي
|
The Ministry of Interior Department of Elections
مصدر:
Law No. 35 of 1962 on the election of members of Parliament with its amendments, art. 6, 18: http://www.gcc-legal.org/mojportalpublic/LawAsPDF.aspx?opt&country=1&LawID=2687#Section_3508 (2013)
|
2013/01/31
|
|
قيرغيزستان
|
b. مستقـل
|
The central commission on elections and holding referenda of the Kyrgyz Republic (further - Central Election Commission) is the permanent independent public authority providing preparation and elections and referenda in the Kyrgyz Republic and heading system of the electoral commissions.
The Central Election Commission is legal entity, has the budget, special fund, the official form and seal with the image of the State Emblem of the Kyrgyz Republic.
مصدر:
Constitutional Law about the Central commission on elections and holding referenda of the Kyrgyz Republic, 2021, art. 1:
https://cis-legislation.com/document.fwx?rgn=133125
|
2025/05/07
|
|
جمهورية لاو الديمقراطية
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Law No. 37/PO on the Election of Members of the National Assembly, art. 20: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LA/Lao-People2019s-Democratic-Republic-Law-on/view
|
2021/02/17
|
|
لاتفيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2014/10/02
|
|
لبنان
|
a. حكومي
|
Article 10: Composition of the Commission
1 – The Commission consists of eleven members as follows:
a – A retired judge in the judiciary who has served 20 years of judicial duties, chosen from among three names nominated by the Supreme Judicial Court.
b – A retired administrative judge who has served in the judiciary for at least 20 years will be chosen from among three names nominated by the State Consultative Council. c – A retired financial judge who has served in the judiciary for at least 20 years will be chosen from among three names nominated by the Audit Court.
d – A former head of the Bar Association will be chosen from among three former heads nominated by the Beirut Bar Association.
e – A Former head of Bar Association will be chosen from among three former heads nominated by the Bar Association of Tripoli.
f – A representative of the Press Association selected from among three candidates nominated by the Council of the Bar.
g – An information and advertising expert selected from among three candidates nominated by the National Audiovisual Council of Lebanon.
h – A Former head of the Lebanese Association of Certified Public Accountants will be chosen from among three candidates nominated by the union.
i – Two professionals with extensive experience in election-related competencies (including administration, funding or publicity) will be selected from among six names nominated by the interior minister.
j – A representative of the civil society bodies, who meet the conditions stipulated in Article 20 of this law, will be chosen from among three experts in elections nominated by these bodies in accordance with a mechanism established by the interior minister.
2 – Gender shall be considered in the selection of candidates for membership of the Commission.
3 – The highest ranking judge out of the justice and administrative judges will head the Commission and if they are at the same rank, the oldest judge will be the head and one of the eldest Bar Association heads will be the Vice President.
4 – The parties referred to in this Article shall nominate the candidates within one month from the date on which they are notified of the request to select the names.
5 – If there is a delay in nominating a candidate from a particular category, the Cabinet shall be appointed to nominate by a proposal from the Minister of that category.
مصدر:
Parliamentary Election Law, art. 10: https://www.ministryinfo.gov.lb/en/22598
https://elections.gov.lb/getattachment/00bbe177-0eec-4f8a-a4df-e47c7e19b4de/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B5-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84-%28PDF%29.aspx%20(2017)
|
2024/11/20
|
|
ليسوتو
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
National Assembly Electoral Act 2011, Article 136
|
2017/07/19
|
|
ليبيريا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The National Elections Commission of the Republic of Liberia is an autonomous agency of Government, independent of any branch of the Government.
مصدر:
The New Elections Law (2016, with amendments up until and including 2014), Chapter 2, Art. 2.1 and 2.9, http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/LR/liberia-amended-electoral-laws-2014/view
|
2024/10/25
|
|
الجماهيرية العربية الليبية
|
b. مستقـل
|
The HNEC is an independent body.
مصدر:
Law No. 3 on the Establishment of the High National Electoral Commission, Art. 2 (National Transitional Council of Libya):
https://security-legislation.ly/latest-laws/law-no-3-of-2012-on-the-establishment-of-the-high-national-commission-for-elections/
|
2024/11/25
|
|
ليختنشتاين
|
c. مختلط
|
"The government performs key election management functions and has overall responsibility over the election process. At the lower level, elections are administered by a two-tier system, comprising two Main Election Commissions (MEC) and 11 Commune Election Commissions (ComECs)" (1).
مصدر:
OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights, Principality of Liechtenstein, Parliamentary Elections 7 February 2021, Needs Assessment Mission Report, 2020 (6)
https://www.osce.org/files/f/documents/a/f/473469.pdf
|
2022/08/02
|
|
ليتوانيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
Article 5. Independence of the Central Electoral Commission
1. When discharging its functions and making decisions on issues within its competence, the Central Electoral Commission shall be independent. No institution or officer may issue mandatory instructions regarding the making of the decision that is within the competence of the Central Electoral Commission.
مصدر:
Republic of Lithuania Law on the Central Electoral Commission (20 June 2002 No. IX-985, As last amended on 18 November 2014 – No XII-1339) art. 5 (1)
https://e-seimas.lrs.lt/portal/legalAct/lt/TAD/ea463d10f30311e3a8c1a1dee39661ca?jfwid=rivwzvpvg
|
2020/06/07
|
|
لوكسمبورغ
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
https://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/rgd/2009/02/12/n5/jo
|
2024/11/21
|
|
مقدونيا ، الجمهورية اليوغوسلافية السابقة
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Parliament, the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Ministry of
Information Society and Administration, Ministry of Labour and Social Policy, the State
Statistical Office, the General Services Department of the Government of the Republic
of Macedonia and their regional offices, as well as the municipalities and the City of
Skopje, shall be obliged to provide election management bodies with the technical,
spatial and other conditions required for their operation.
The State Election Commission shall consist of a President, Vice-President and five
members.
(2) The President and the Vice-President shall be members of the State Election
Commission.
(3) The President, the Vice President and the members of the State Election Commission
shall fulfil the responsibilities of their office professionally
(1) The Parliament, the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the State Statistical Office, the General Services Department of the Government of the Republic of Macedonia and their regional offices, as well as the municipalities and the City of Skopje, shall be obliged to provide election management bodies with the technical, spatial and other conditions required for their operation.
(2)For implementing the activities from paragraph(1)of this article, the bodies shall be provided with funds from the Budget of the Republic of Macedonia. (Electoral Code, Art 25 (1) and (2))
The State Election Commission shall have the capacity of a legal entity. (Electoral Code, Art. 26(6))
مصدر:
Website of the Central Election Commission: http://www.sec.mk/principi-na-rabota-na-dik/
Electoral Code of the Republic of Macedonia including 2021 amendments, articles 25-26 (1): https://www.ifes.org/document/northmacedoniaelectoralcodeupdatesseptember2021pdf
|
2024/11/19
|
|
مدغشقر
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Organic Law n° 2012-005 on the Electoral Code, art. 128: http://mdm-national.mg/bureau/textes-reglementaires/textes-reglementaires/ (2013);
Constitution, art. 5 (2): http://www.ceni-madagascar.mg/dossier/constitution.pdf (2013);
Law n° 2012-004 establishing the Independent National Electoral Commission for the Transition, art. 2: http://www.ceni-madagascar.mg/dossier/Loi_2012-004_CENIT.pdf (2013)
|
2013/02/08
|
|
ملاوي
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2025/05/26
|
|
ماليزيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution, art. 113 (1): http://confinder.richmond.edu/admin/docs/malaysia.pdf (2013)
|
2013/03/21
|
|
جزر المالديف
|
b. مستقـل
|
Constitution (2008)
167(b). The Elections Commission is an independent and impartial institution. It shall exercise its duties and responsibilities in accordance with the Constitution and laws enacted by the People’s Majlis.
مصدر:
Constitution 2008, art. 167: http://www.majlis.gov.mv/en/wp-content/uploads/Constitution-english.pdf (2018)
|
2019/02/12
|
|
مالي
|
c. مختلط
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2009/11/05
|
|
مالطا
|
b. مستقـل
|
b) According to the Constitution, in the exercise of its functions the Electoral Commission shall not be subject to the direction or control of any other person or authority.
مصدر:
Constitution, Art. 60 (9): http://www.parlament.mt/constituion-of-malta?l=1 (2012)
|
2012/05/22
|
|
جزيرة مان
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2009/11/05
|
|
جزر مارشال
|
a. حكومي
|
The electoral management body is a branch of the government.
مصدر:
Elections and Referenda Act, as amended, sec. 110 & 111. https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/natlex4.detail?p_lang=en&p_isn=87647&p_country=MHL&p_count=67
|
2023/10/12
|
|
موريتانيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Independent National Electoral Commission has legal personality and financial autonomy.
مصدر:
Organic Law No. 2012 - 027 on the establishment of the Independent National Electoral Commission, art. 1 (3)
|
2024/10/28
|
|
موريشيوس
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (2006)(http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2012/02/25
|
|
المكسيك
|
b. مستقـل
|
The National Electoral Institute is a public, autonomous, permanent entity, independent in its decisions and functions, with legal personality and its own budget.
مصدر:
Constitution: "Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos", art. 41 (V): https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/MX/mexico-constitucion-2024/ ;
Electoral Law: "Ley General de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales", arts. 29, 31 (1).: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/MX/mexico-lgipe-2024/
|
2024/04/12
|
|
ميكرونيزيا
|
a. حكومي
|
The President shall appoint one National Election Director with the advice and consent of the Congress.
The National Election Director shall have the responsibility for the overall supervision and administration of all National Elections.
مصدر:
The National Election Code, Title 9, Chapter 3, Section 302 and Section 303: http://www.fsmlaw.org/fsm/code/title09/T9_Ch3_2014.html
|
2025/03/28
|
|
مولدوفا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2021/03/30
|
|
موناكو
|
c. مختلط
|
It consists of the Mayor, a representative of the Minister of State and two members of the Municipal County chosen by this assembly.
مصدر:
Law 839 regulating communal and national elections, as amended in 2002, Art. 6
https://legimonaco.mc/tnc/loi/1968/02-23-839/
|
2023/09/12
|
|
منغوليا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Law of 2016: https://www.legislationline.org/download/id/7739/file/Mongolia_law_elections_2015_am2016_en.pdf
|
2020/02/17
|
|
الجبل الأسود
|
b. مستقـل
|
The SEC is accountable to and appointed by the legislature, therefore falls under the definition of an Independent EMB, however many commissioners are selected by partisanship.
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (2006):(http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/)
The Independent Model of Electoral Management http://aceproject.org/ace-en/topics/em/ema/ema02/default
|
2018/03/09
|
|
مونتسيرات
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution, art. 78
|
2014/08/04
|
|
المغرب
|
a. حكومي
|
The Ministry of the Interior is responsible for the administration and organisation of elections in the Kingdom of Morocco.
مصدر:
Council of Europe, Information Report on municipal and regional elections in the Kingdom of Morocco 8 September 2021 (2022): https://search.coe.int/congress/pages/result_details.aspx?objectid=0900001680a5ae69
|
2022/08/02
|
|
موزامبيق
|
b. مستقـل
|
The National Electoral Commission is an independent authority, with administrative and budgetary autonomy.
مصدر:
Constitution of 21 January 2005, art. 135 (3): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/MZ/mozambique-constitution-portuguese-version/view (2014);
Law No. 8/2013 of 27 February 2013 regulating presidential and legislative elections (as amended by Law No. 12/2014), art. 7: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/MZ/Mozambique-Law-No.-12-2014-of-13-April-2014/view (2014);
Law No. 6/2013 of 22 February 2013 regulating the functioning, composition and organisation of the National Electoral Commission (as amended by Law No. 9/2014), art. 2 (3), 3: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/MZ/mozambique-law-no.-9-2014-of-12-march-2014/view (2014).
|
2014/10/02
|
|
ناميبيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Law: Electoral Act, art. 3 - 12.
|
2012/02/24
|
|
ناورو
|
b. مستقـل
|
"Subject to any decision of a Court, in the performance of its functions and in exercise of its powers, the Electoral Commission is not subject to the direction or control of any person or authority."
مصدر:
Electoral Act 2016, Art. 9. (http://ronlaw.gov.nr/nauru_lpms/files/acts/d83250a1ebdc56c1701fa7aa245af5b1.pdf).
|
2019/07/02
|
|
نيبال
|
b. مستقـل
|
There shall be an Election Commission of Nepal, consisting of a Chief Commissioner and four other Commissioners. The Chief Commissioner shall act as the chairperson of the Election Commission.
مصدر:
The Constitution of Nepal, 2015 Article 245 (1) www.lawcommission.gov.np/en/documents/2016/01/constitution-of-nepal-2.pdf Article
|
2018/04/06
|
|
هولندا
|
c. مختلط
|
The Electoral Council has become increasingly independent since its foundation. "The ministry of BZK supervises all independent administrative bodies which perform tasks for which the minister shoulders political responsibility. The special position of the Electoral Council and the associated independence required affect this supervisory relationship. As a central electoral committee, the Electoral Council falls under the aegis of the Framework Act for Non-departmental Public Bodies."
مصدر:
Annual Report Electoral Council 2020 (7): https://english.kiesraad.nl/publications/annual-reports/2021/03/16/index
Official Website of the Electoral Council: https://english.kiesraad.nl/about-us/history-of-the-electoral-council
|
2022/08/02
|
|
جزر الأنتيل الهولندية
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2009/11/06
|
|
نيوزيلندا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Electoral Commission is a Crown Entity, which means it acts independently in performing its statutory functions and duties, and exercising its statutory powers.
مصدر:
Electoral Law: Electoral Act 1993, Art. 7 : http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/NZ/new-zealand-electoral-act-2010/view (2017)
https://elections.nz/about/about-the-electoral-commission/
|
2024/07/09
|
|
نيكاراغوا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Electoral Power holds the same constitutional status of the legislative, executive and judicial powers, which is composed by the Supreme Electoral Council and other subordinate electoral bodies.
مصدر:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de Nicaragua (2014)”, art. 7, 168:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/NI/constitucion/constitucion-politica-de-nicaragua-con-reformas-a/ (2016).
|
2016/06/07
|
|
النيجر
|
b. مستقـل
|
The National Independent Electoral Commission is a separate body, independent of any power, authority or organization, with organizational and functional autonomy.
مصدر:
Ordinance No. 2010-96 of 28 December 2010 establishing the Electoral Code, art. 5 (2), 9 (2, 3): http://www.electionpassport.com/files/Niger-Electoral-Code-2010.pdf (2016)
|
2016/05/03
|
|
نيجيريا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Independent National Electoral Commission is an independent corporate body with legal personality. The Independent National Electoral Commission shall not be subject to the direction or control of any other authority or person.
مصدر:
Constitution 1999 (as amended), art. 153 (1-f), 158 (1): http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text.jsp?file_id=179202 (2013);
Electoral Act 2010, art. 1: http://www.inecnigeria.org/downloads/?did=5 (2013)
|
2015/03/30
|
|
نيوي
|
a. حكومي
|
The Chief Electoral Officer, as well as his subordinates, are all public servants.
مصدر:
Niue Assembly Act 1966, as amended, Art. 3-4.
|
2014/06/23
|
|
النرويج
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Official Website of the Ministry for Local Government and Regional Development: http://www.regjeringen.no/en/dep/krd/information-campaigns/election_portal.html?id=456491 (2012)
|
2012/11/13
|
|
عمان
|
b. مستقـل
|
The law specifies that the Central Election Committee is independent and neutral.
Supreme Committee for Elections
Article 1. […] The supreme committee for elections: the committee which supervises the Elections of the members of the Shura Council, and adjudicate in electoral appeals
مصدر:
Basic Statute of the State, as amended by Royal Decree No. 99/2011, art. 58 (bis 14):
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Oman_2011.pdf?lang=en
|
2025/05/02
|
|
باكستان
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Election Commission shall consist of-
the Commissioner who shall be Chairman of the Commission; and
four members, one from each Province, each of whom shall be a person who has been a judge of a High Court or has been a senior civil servant or is a technocrat and is not more than sixty-five years of age, to be appointed by the President in the manner provided for appointment of the Commissioner in clauses (2A) and (2B) of Article 213.
مصدر:
Election Commission of Pakistan Official Website: https://www.ecp.gov.pk/overview-of-ecp
Constitution, art. 218: https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Pakistan_2017
|
2024/11/25
|
|
بالاو
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Palau Electoral Commission is an independent body with supervisory authority over local boards of election as well as national elections.
مصدر:
Voting Rights Act of 1981, as amended, Ch. 12 (23 PNCA §1201-5).
|
2016/11/04
|
|
فلسطين
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Commission shall have the privilege of being a body with corporate personality and administrative and financial independence.
مصدر:
Elections Law 2 September 2007 regulating general elections, art. 12 (1): http://www.elections.ps/Portals/0/pdf/Election_Law_%282007-Sept_02%29-EN.pdf (2013)
|
2013/04/08
|
|
بنما
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Electoral Tribunal is autonomous and independent, with legal personality, its own budget and administrative autonomy.
مصدر:
Constitution: “Constitución Política de la República de Panamá”, art. 142 (1): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PA/panama-constitucion-politica-de-la-republica-2004
|
2024/12/05
|
|
بابوا غينيا الجديدة
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Electoral Commission is not subject to direction or control by any person or authority.
مصدر:
Constitution of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Section 126 (6): http://www.igr.gov.pg/constitution.pdf (2012)
|
2017/03/16
|
|
باراغواي
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Otras leyes: Ley N°635/95 que reglamenta la Justicia Electoral, art. 1 al 6: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PY/paraguay-ley-635-de-1995-que-reglamenta-la/ (1995)
International IDEA. Electoral Management Design:
https://www.idea.int/data-tools/country-view/249/54 (2018).
|
2023/03/16
|
|
بيرو
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution: “Constitución Política del Perú”, art. 177: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PE/peru-constitucion-politica-2019/ ;
Organic Law of the National Identification and Civil Status Registry: "Ley 36497, orgánica del Registro Nacional de Identificación y Estado Civil", art. 1: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PE/peru-ley-26497-organica-RENIEC-2015/ ;
Organic Law of the National Office for Electoral Processes: "Ley 26487, orgánica de la Oficina Nacional de Procesos Electorales", art. 1: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PE/peru-ley-26487-organica-ONPE-2006/ ;
Organic Law of the National Court of Elections: “Ley 26486, orgánica del Jurado Nacional de Elecciones”, art. 1: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PE/peru-ley-26486-organica-JNE-2019/
|
2020/01/28
|
|
الفلبين
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Constitutional Commissions, which shall be independent, are the Civil Service Commission, the Commission on Elections, and the Commission on Audit.
مصدر:
Constitution, Art. IΧ, Sec. A-1: http://www.comelec.gov.ph/?r=References/RelatedLaws/Constitution/1987Constitution/Article9 (2019)
|
2019/05/02
|
|
جزر بيتكيرن
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2009/11/12
|
|
بولندا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: International IDEA: https://www.idea.int/answer/ans93882135998957
|
2024/11/13
|
|
البرتغال
|
b. مستقـل
|
Article 1 (2):
2. The National Elections Commission is an independent body and works with the Assembly of the Republic.
مصدر:
Law No. 71/78, of 27 December, Creates the National Electoral Commission, Article 1 (2):
https://www.cne.pt/sites/default/files/dl/legis_lei_71-78_lei-da-cne.pdf
|
2024/10/10
|
|
بورتوريكو
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Law: “Código Electoral de Puerto Rico de 2020”, art. 3.2: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/PR/puerto-rico-ley-58-2020-codigo-electoral-2020/
|
2020/11/03
|
|
قطر
|
d. غير قابلة للتطبيق
|
مصدر:
Constitution: https://www.gco.gov.qa/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/permanent_constitution_state_qatar_en.pdf
https://www.idea.int/blog/stability-or-elections-look-qatars-2024-constitutional-referendum
|
2025/05/08
|
|
رومانيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
Article 63: (1) The Permanent Electoral Authority is an autonomous
administrative institution, being a legal entity with general competence.
مصدر:
Electoral Law: Law No. 35 of 13 March 2008 for the election to the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, art. 63(1).
|
2014/10/29
|
|
Russian Federation
|
a. حكومي
|
1. The Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation shall be a federal state body organizing the
preparation and conduct of elections, referendums in the Russian Federation in accordance with its powers
established by this Federal Law, other federal laws.
مصدر:
Electoral Law: Federal Law "On Basic Guarantees of Electoral Rights and the Right of Citizens of the Russian Federation to Participate in Referendum", article 21:
https://www.te.gob.mx/vota_elections/media/files/e491d03ffa9036c.pdfhttps://www.legislationline.org/documents/action/popup/id/4170
|
2024/03/25
|
|
رواندا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Official Website of the National Electoral Commission: https://nec.gov.rw/amatora/en/home/ (2024));
Law N° 31/2005 of 24/12/2005 relating to the organisation and functioning of the National Electoral Commission, Art. 3: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/RW/rwanda-law-nb0-31-2005-of-24-12-2005-relating-to/view (2017);
Constitution, art. 180: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/RW/constitution-of-the-republic-of-rwanda-last/view (2023)
|
2024/12/04
|
|
سانت هيلانة
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2009/11/12
|
|
سانت كيتس ونيفيس
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Article 33， Constitution
|
2020/04/09
|
|
سانت لوسيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution, art. 57 (9)
|
2012/02/24
|
|
سانت فنسنت وغرينادين
|
c. مختلط
|
While there is government control at the level of finances, terms and conditions of employment and the other routine administrative matters; the electoral Office is legally an independent body as it relates to the conduct of elections to the House of Assembly.
مصدر:
Constitution of St. Vincent and the Grenadines 1979 and St. Vincent and the Grenadines: Electoral Law
|
2021/12/27
|
|
ساموا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Commissioner must act independently and must not be subject to any direction or order of any other person (except for a court direction or order).
مصدر:
The Electoral Commission Act 2019: Article 5: https://www.palemene.ws/wp-content/uploads/Electoral-Commission-Act-2019-Eng.pdf (2021)
|
2021/04/09
|
|
سان مارينو
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Official Website of the State Secretariat of Interior : http://www.elezioni.sm/on-line/Home/Elezionipolitiche/GiuntaPermanentedelleElezioni.html (2012);
Electoral law N.6 of 31 January 1996, Art. 43: http://www.consigliograndeegenerale.sm/contents/instance18/files/document/21801leggi_5336.pdf (2012)
|
2012/05/28
|
|
ساو تومي وبرينسيبي
|
e. لا تتيسر معلومات
|
مصدر:
Law on Electoral Commission n.º12/90 of 26 November 1990
Electoral Law of the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe n.º 11/90 of 26 November 1990, as amended (latest amendment - 2006), art. 53
http://www.stj.st/download/Lei_Eleitoral.pdf (2016)
|
2016/06/28
|
|
المملكة العربية السعودية
|
d. غير قابلة للتطبيق
|
There are no provisions for direct national elections, since it is the King who appoints the members of the Shura Council. Only municipal elections are held in Saudi Arabia.
مصدر:
Shura Council Law: http://www.shura.gov.sa/wps/wcm/connect/ShuraEn/internet/Laws+and+Regulations/The+Shura+Council+and+the+rules+and+regulations+job/Shura+Council+Law/ (2012);
The Basic Law of Governance: http://www.boe.gov.sa/ViewSystemDetails.aspx?lang=en&SystemID=4 (2012)
|
2012/08/20
|
|
السنغال
|
c. مختلط
|
The electoral administration is exercised by the Ministry in charge of Elections, the National Autonomous Electoral Commission and the Court of Appeal of Dakar. Each of these institutions has different responsibilities and functions in relation to the conduct of the electoral process.
مصدر:
Electoral Code 2012, art. L.1, L.2, L.4, L.5, LO.25, LO.133: http://www.elections2012.sn/images/stories/CE2012.pdf (2017)
|
2024/10/25
|
|
صربيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The authorities responsible for conducting parliamentary elections (hereinafter:
electoral management bodies) shall be autonomous and independent in their work and operate
in compliance with laws and regulations adopted on the basis of the law.
مصدر:
Electoral Law: Law on Election of Members of Parliament, art. 8.
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/RS/serbia-law-on-elections-of-representatives-updated/view
|
2022/07/07
|
|
سيشيل
|
b. مستقـل
|
Constitution, art. 115(2): Subject to this Constitution the Electoral Commission shall not, in the performance of its functions, be subject to the direction or control of any person or authority.
مصدر:
Constitution of the Republic of Seychelles (2011), art.115 (2)
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SC/seychelles-constitution-2011/view
|
2025/02/28
|
|
سيراليون
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Commission is an independent body. In the exercise of any functions vested in it by this Constitution, the Electoral Commission shall not be subject to the direction or control of any person or authority.
مصدر:
Constitution (2008), art. 32: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SL/sierra-leone-constitution-2008/;
The Public Elections Act (2012), art. 3: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SL/sierra-leone-the-public-elections-act-2012-1/
|
2017/01/13
|
|
سنغافورة
|
a. حكومي
|
The Electoral Department is administered by the Prime Minister's office. As such, it is a government agency.
مصدر:
Singapore Elections Department: http://www.eld.gov.sg/about.html (2017)
|
2017/03/24
|
|
سلوفاكيا
|
c. مختلط
|
Section 13
(1) For elections to the National Council of the Slovak Republic there shall be established a Central Electoral Commission, district
electoral commissions and polling district commissions
مصدر:
Act On Elections to the National Council of the Slovak Republic, Section 13-15:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/SK/slovakia-municipalities-election-law-1990/view
Ministry of the Interior of the Slovak Republic: http://www.minv.sk/?ministerstvo-vnutra
|
2024/10/25
|
|
سلوفينيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
Appointed by National Assembly and from among the judges of the Supreme Court.
مصدر:
National Assembly Elections Act, article 32.
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/SI/national-assembly-elections-act/view
|
2017/03/30
|
|
جزر سليمان
|
b. مستقـل
|
About Electoral Commission Brochure: The Electoral Commission is an independent body established under the Solomon Islands Constitution.
مصدر:
Official Website of the Solomon Islands Electoral Commission: http://www.siec.gov.sb/index.php/voter-education/about-us.html (2019)
About the electoral commission brochure (2019): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/SB/solomon-islands-about-the-electoral-commission/view
|
2019/03/01
|
|
الصومال
|
b. مستقـل
|
The National Independent Electoral Commission shall be independent of the executive and shall manage its own budget. The National Independent Electoral Commission shall be inclusive and representative and be impartial and neutral.
مصدر:
Transitional Constitution of 2012, Art. 111G: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SO/somalia-provisional-constitution-of-2012/view
|
2016/11/25
|
|
جنوب أفريقيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
There is an Electoral Commission for the Republic, which is independent and subject only to the Constitution and the law.
مصدر:
Electoral Commission Act of 1996 (as amended to 2006), Section 3(1): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/ZA/south-africa-electoral-commission-act-of-1996-as/view
|
2014/05/01
|
|
جنوب السودان
|
b. مستقـل
|
There shall be established an independent commission which shall be known the National Elections Commission.
مصدر:
Transitional Constitution 2011, art. 195 (1): http://www.unhcr.org/refworld/docid/4e269a3e2.html%C2%A0 (2012);
National Election Act 2012: https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/SS/south-sudan-the-national-elections-act-no.-39-of/view
|
2021/06/02
|
|
اسبانيا
|
c. مختلط
|
Article 8: Defines the Electoral Administration, including governmental bodies like the Central Electoral Board, Provincial Electoral Boards, Zone Electoral Boards, and Electoral Tables.
Article 9: Specifies the composition of the Central Electoral Board, which includes both judicial members (Magistrates of the Supreme Court) and academic members (Catedráticos).
Article 13: States that the General Courts, the Government, and the City Councils provide the necessary resources for the Electoral Boards, indicating governmental involvement.
مصدر:
Electoral Law: “Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General”, art. 8, 9, & 13:
http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/europe/ES/espana-ley-organica-5-1985-de-19-de-junio-del-1/
|
2025/04/02
|
|
سري لانكا
|
c. مختلط
|
The Commission shall be responsible and answerable to Parliament. All members of the Commission shall be deemed to be public servants.
مصدر:
Constitution, Art. 104B (3), 103 (9): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/LK/sri-lanka-constitution-as-amended-up-to-9/at_download/file
|
2016/02/04
|
|
سودان
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Commission shall be financially, administratively, and technically independent, and shall perform its functions and duties independently, impartially and transparently without interference from any body in its affairs, business or functions, or limitation of its powers.
مصدر:
The National Elections Act 2008, art. 5: http://www.gurtong.org/ResourceCenter/documents/Reports/Elections-09/nationalelectionsact2008.pdf (2012)
|
2012/08/31
|
|
سورينام
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Law of 1987, Art. 1: http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Electoral/Sur/suriname.html (2012)
|
2025/03/28
|
|
سوازيلاند
|
b. مستقـل
|
There shall be an independent authority styled the Elections and Boundaries
Commission (“the Commission”) for Swaziland consisting of a chairperson, deputy chairperson and three other members.
مصدر:
Constitution: Constitution of the Kingdom of Swaziland, art. 90.
|
2012/02/24
|
|
السويد
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Law of 2005, Ch. 3, Section 1: http://www.val.se/pdf/2005_elections_act.pdf (2012);
Official Website of the Swedish Election Authority: http://www.val.se/in_english/about_us/index.html (2012)
|
2014/08/04
|
|
سويسرا
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Official Website of the Swiss administration: http://www.admin.ch/ (2014);
Official Website of the Swiss Federal Chancellery: http://www.ch.ch/abstimmungen_und_wahlen/02186/02213/02220/02222/index.html?lang=fr (2014)
|
2025/03/28
|
|
Syrian Arab Republic
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2014/06/03
|
|
تايوان
|
b. مستقـل
|
|
2020/04/13
|
|
طاجيكستان
|
b. مستقـل
|
Electoral commissions are independent from any state bodies in their activity. The Central Commission for Elections and Referenda administers the system of electoral commissions of the Republic of Tajikistan and is a legal entity and permanent body.
مصدر:
Constitutional Law On Elections to the Majlisi Oli of the Republic of Tajikistan, amended as of July 26, 2014, articles 10, 11.
|
2025/02/17
|
|
تنزانيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
For the better carrying out of its functions, the Electoral Commission shall be an autonomous department. In discharging its functions, the Electoral Commission shall not be obliged to comply with orders or directions of any person or any government department or the views of any political party.
مصدر:
Constitution, art. 74 (7, 11): https://www.inec.go.tz/uploads/documents/sw-1714455356-1.%20sw-1675190712-sw1499671152-Katiba_ya_Tanzania.pdf
|
2025/12/01
|
|
تايلاند
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Election Commission is an independent organisation.
مصدر:
Constitution of the Kingdom of Thailand, Sec. 222, 223: https://constitutionnet.org/sites/default/files/2017-05/CONSTITUTION+OF+THE+KINGDOM+OF+THAILAND+(B.E.+2560+(2017)).pdf
Organic Act on the Election Commission B.E.2550, Chapter II, Sec.30: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/asia/TH/thailand-organic-act-on-the-election-commission/at_download/file
|
2023/10/04
|
|
تيمور - ليشتي
|
c. مختلط
|
The electoral administration bodies are:
(a) The National Electoral Commission referred to as 'CNE';
(b) The Technical Secretariat for Electoral Administration referred to as 'STAE'.
CNE shall be independent from any bodies of the central or local political power and shall enjoy financial, administrative and organizational autonomy.
Members of CNE cannot be removed from office and shall be independent in the exercise of their mandate.
The structure, organization, composition, competencies and functioning of STAE shall be defined by law, which must define it as an executive body of electoral administration under the dependency of the competent ministry.
مصدر:
Law no. 5/2006 on the Election Administration Bodies, article 1, 4, 6, 12: https://mj.gov.tl/jornal/lawsTL/RDTL-Law/RDTL-Laws/Law-2006-05.pdf
|
2024/10/02
|
|
توغو
|
b. مستقـل
|
The National Independent Electoral Commission (CENI) is in charge of the organisation and supervision of elections. The CENI is an independent authority, with administrative and operational autonomy.
مصدر:
Electoral Code No. 2000-07 as amended by law No 2005-001, law No. 2007-009 and law No. 2009-002, art. 3, 6: http://www.legitogo.gouv.tg/annee_txt/2007/Pages%20from%20jo_2007-007.pdf (2013)
|
2013/01/10
|
|
توكيلاو
|
c. مختلط
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf
|
2009/11/16
|
|
تونغا
|
b. مستقـل
|
In the exercise of its functions and duties, the Commission shall be independent.
مصدر:
Electoral Commission Act 2010, Art. 10 (1), 4 (2)
https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/TO/tonga-electoral-commission-act-2010/view (2021)
|
2014/11/19
|
|
ترينيداد وتوباغو
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution: “Constitution of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago”, Section 71(12): http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TT/trinidad-and-tobago-constitution-2016/
|
2020/08/22
|
|
تونس
|
b. مستقـل
|
ISIE is an independent public agency with legal personality and administrative and financial autonomy.
مصدر:
Organic Law n° 2012-23 of 20 December 2012 on the Independent High Authority for Elections, as amended by the Organic Law n° 2013- 52 of 28 December 2013, art.
1: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/africa/TN/tunisie-loi-organique-nb0-2012-23-du-20-decembre/view (2014).
|
2019/08/05
|
|
تركيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf)
|
2016/01/21
|
|
تركمانستان
|
e. لا تتيسر معلومات
|
The principles for the formation and powers of the CEC are stipulated in the Law on the Central Commission for Holding Elections and Referenda, adopted on 21 May 2011.
مصدر:
OSCE/ODIHR Assessment of the Electoral Legislation, Section III, Art 16: http://www.osce.org/odihr/elections/92391?download=true.
|
2017/02/14
|
|
جزر تركس وكايكوس
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution: “The Constitution of the Turks and Caicos Islands”, Section 97: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/TC/turks-and-caicos-constitution-2014/
|
2025/09/30
|
|
توفالو
|
a. حكومي
|
The Secretary to Government within the Office of the Prime Minister directs the administration of elections.
مصدر:
Electoral Provisions (Parliament) Regulations of 1980, as amended, art. 4; Hassall, Graham (2006): The Tuvalu General Election 2006, Democracy and Elections Project (Governance Program), University of the South Pacific, Fiji. (http://www.governance.usp.ac.fj/fileadmin/files/thematic/elections/docs/Hassall_-_Election_Observation_Report_Tuvalu_2006.pdf)
|
2012/06/19
|
|
أوغندا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The commission shall be independent and shall, in the performance of its functions, not be subject to the direction or control of any person or
authority.
مصدر:
Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, art. 62: http://www.ec.or.ug/docs/Constitution_1995.pdf (2025);
Electoral Commission Act as amended in 2010, art. 13
http://www.ec.or.ug/docs/Electoral%20Commission%20Act,%20Uganda.pdf (2025)
|
2025/12/05
|
|
أوكرانيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Election Commission is a separate legal entity which exercises its powers independently.
مصدر:
Law on the Central Election Commission (last amended in 2018) article 1 (3), 2(2), 3
https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/en/1932-15
|
2019/03/11
|
|
الامارات
|
a. حكومي
|
The National Electoral Committee is chaired by the Minister of State for Federal National Council Affairs and consists of the following members: Minister of Justice, Minister of Education, Minister of Culture, Youth and Community Development, Secretary General of Ministry of Presidential Affairs, a representative of Ministry of Cabinet Affairs, Under-secretary of Ministry of Interior, Under-secretary of Ministry of State for Federal National Council Affairs, Director General of Emirates Identity Authority, Assistant Under-secretary of Ministry of State for Federal National Council Affairs and three public figures named by the NEC chairman.
مصدر:
Official Website of the National Electoral Committee: https://www.uaenec.ae/ar/about-us/national-committee-functions(2012)
http://www.uaenec.ae/en/voter/member
|
2019/09/25
|
|
المملكة المتحدة
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Electoral Commission is an independent electoral management body. The commissioners are selected by parliament and approved by the acting Monarch as pursuant with the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act (2000). In Schedule 1 Article 1 of the previous act, it states "The Commission shall not be regarded—
(a)as the servant or agent of the Crown, or
(b)as enjoying any status, immunity or privilege of the Crown.
مصدر:
The Electoral Commission: https://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/about-us/our-commissioners-and-teams/selecting-our-commissioners
Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000, Part I & Schedule 1: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2000/41/part/I
|
2025/06/12
|
|
الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية
|
b. مستقـل
|
"The Federal Election Commission (FEC) is the independent regulatory agency charged with administering and enforcing the federal campaign finance law."
The "EAC is an independent, bipartisan commission."
مصدر:
https://www.fec.gov/about/mission-and-history/ ;
https://www.eac.gov/about-the-useac
|
2024/10/21
|
|
أوروغواي
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Constitution: Constitución de la República de Uruguay, https://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/UY/uruguay-constitucion-de-la-republica-2004-vigente/view (2004).
|
2024/12/18
|
|
أوزبكستان
|
b. مستقـل
|
Article 129: To organize and hold the elections of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, to the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as referendum of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the Central Election Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan shall be formed by the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the main principles of activity of which shall be independence, legality, collective nature, publicity and fairness.
مصدر:
The Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Chapter 22, Article 129: https://constitution.uz/en/clause/index#section23
|
2024/08/22
|
|
فانواتو
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Electoral Commission is an appointed independent body, but the Principal Electoral Officer is a public servant. The role of supervising and executing elections procedures is divides between the two, with most of the technical responsibilities given to the Principal Electoral Officer.
مصدر:
Representation of the People Act, as amended, art. 2.: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/VU/vanuatu-representation-of-the-people-act-1982-as/at_download/file
Constitution, art. 18-20.: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/pacific/VU/vanuatu-constitution-of-the-republic-of-vanuatu/at_download/file
|
2016/01/26
|
|
فنزويلا
|
b. مستقـل
|
The National Electoral Council is a permanent body that performs its functions independently and is autonomous.
مصدر:
Constitution: “Constitución de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela”, art. 294: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/VE/venezuela-constitucion-reforma-2009/ ;
Electoral Branch Law: “Ley Orgánica del Poder Electoral”: http://aceproject.org/ero-en/regions/americas/VE/leyes-electorales/venezuela-ley-organica-poder-electoral-2002/
|
2020/11/15
|
|
فيتنام
|
a. حكومي
|
مصدر:
Law of 1997 on Election of Deputies to the National Assembly, as amended and supplemented by laws No. 31/2001/QH10 and No. 63/2010/QH12, art. 14 (1):
http://www.moj.gov.vn/vbpq/en/lists/vn%20bn%20php%20lut/view_detail.aspx?itemid=2526 (2016)
|
2021/03/23
|
|
الجزر العذراء البريطانية
|
a. حكومي
|
The Office of the Supervisor of Elections is a member of the Governor's Group and a unit that functions under the umbrella of the Deputy Governor's Office.
مصدر:
Office of the Supervisor of Elections. (n.d.).
Retrieved from http://www.bvi.gov.vg/departments/office-supervisor-elections
|
2019/02/21
|
|
اليمن
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Supreme Committee shall be financially and administratively independent. It shall exercise with complete integrity and neutrality all the duties, responsibilities and powers bestowed upon it in accordance with the provisions of this Law. All Supreme Committee’s decisions shall be made public. In all events, no outside party and/or body shall be allowed to interfere in the affairs and duties of the said Committee or to restrict its powers and jurisdictions. The Supreme Committee shall have its own administrative and executive organs at the Headquarter Offices located in capital cities of all Governorates.
مصدر:
General Elections and Referendum Law of 2001, art. 32 (a, b): http://www.scer.org.ye/english/generalelectionslaw.htm (2012)
|
2012/08/22
|
|
زامبيا
|
b. مستقـل
|
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook (2006)(http://www.idea.int/publications/emd/upload/EMD_Annex_A.pdf) (2016)
|
2016/06/28
|
|
زنجبار
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Electoral Commission shall be an autonomous department. In the performance of its functions, the Electoral Commission shall not be obliged to follow any orders or directions from any person or any department of the Government or the opinion of a political party.
مصدر:
The Constitution of Zanzibar, art. 119 (9, 12)
http://www.wipo.int/edocs/lexdocs/laws/en/tz/tz028en.pdf (2016)
|
2016/04/05
|
|
زيمبابوي
|
b. مستقـل
|
The Electoral Commission is independent.
مصدر:
Electoral Management Design: The International IDEA Handbook https://www.idea.int/sites/default/files/publications/electoral-management-design-2014.pdf page 394
|
2023/09/25
|
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