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Boundary Delimitation Index

... bd Boundary Delimitation

...... bd10 Overview of Boundary Delimitation

...... bd20 Guiding Principles of Boundary Delimitation

...... bd30 Context of Boundary Delimitation

...... bd40 Contributors to Boundary Delimitation

...... bda Delimiting Electoral Districts

......... bda01 Electoral Systems that Delimit Electoral Districts

............ bda01a Plurality Electoral Systems

............ bda01b Majority Electoral Systems

............ bda01c Mixed Electoral Systems

............ bda01d Proportional Systems

......... bda02 Electoral District Alternatives

............ bda02a District Magnitude

............... bda02a01 Single-Member Districts

............... bda02a02 Multimember Districts

............ bda02b Alignment of Districts with Administrative Boundaries

......... bda03 Country Survey of Delimitation Practices

...... bdb Structure and Rules for Delimiting Electoral Districts

......... bdb01 Designation of a Boundary Authority

............ bdb01a Composition of the Boundary Authority

............ bdb01b Partisan Considerations in Choosing a Boundary Authority

............ bdb01c Degrees of Boundary Authority Centralisation

............ bdb01d Authority for Choosing the Final Districting Plan

......... bdb02 Frequency of Electoral District Delimitation

......... bdb03 Length of Time Permitted for the Delimitation Process

......... bdb04 Public Access to the Delimitation Process

......... bdb05 Establishment of Criteria for Delimiting Districts

............ bdb05a Equal Population in Redistricting

............ bdb05b Geographic Criteria for Delimiting Electoral Districts

............ bdb05c Communities of Interest: Delimiting Boundaries

............ bdb05d Special Provisions for Minority Groups When Delimiting Electoral Districts

......... bdb06 Role of the Courts in Electoral District Delimitation

...... bdc Tasks Involved in Drawing Electoral District Boundaries

......... bdc01 Information Required to Draw Electoral Districts

............ bdc01a Use of Population Data in the Delimitation Process

............ bdc01b Use of Political Data in the Delimitation Process

............ bdc01c Use of Maps in the Delimitation Process

......... bdc02 Steps in the Electoral District Delimitation Process

............ bdc02a Allocating Seats

............ bdc02b Drawing District Boundaries

............... bdc02b01 Preparing a Districting Database

............... bdc02b02 Drawing Electoral District Boundaries

............... bdc02b03 Describing and Evaluating an Electoral District Plan

......... bdc03 Delimitation Technology

............ bdc03a Use of Computers and Software for Delimitation

............ bdc03b Low-Technology Delimitation

......... bdc04 Use of Consultants

...... bdd Special Considerations for Delimiting Voting Areas

...... bdy Country Case Studies

......... bdy_af Afghanistan: Delimiting Districts for Transitional Elections in a Post-Conflict Society

......... bdy_au Australia: Using Projections to Equalize Electoral District Populations

......... bdy_ca Canada: Representation in Parliament

......... bdy_cg Democratic Republic of Congo: Determining How Districts Might be Delimited in a Post-Conflict Society

......... bdy_de Germany: Delimiting Districts in a Mixed Member Proportional Electoral System

......... bdy_fj Fiji: Delimiting Communal Seats to Guarantee Ethnic Representation

......... bdy_gb The United Kingdom: System of Redistribution

......... bdy_kos Kosovo: Delimiting Electoral Districts for a Proportional Representation System

......... bdy_my Malaysia: Malapportioned Districts and Over-Representation of Rural Communities

......... bdy_nz New Zealand: Drawing Electoral Districts to Guarantee Minority Representation[1]

......... bdy_sg Singapore: Drawing Districts to Ensure Super-Majorities in the Parliament

......... bdy_us The United States of America: Reapportionment and Redistricting

......... bdy_ye Yemen: Assessing the Feasibility of Computer-Assisted Delimitation

...... bdz Bibliography

...... bdz01 Boundary Delimitation Glossary