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Perú: Ley de elecciones de autoridades de municipalidades de centros poblados (2004-12-29)
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Ley 28440, de elecciones de autoridades de municipalidades de centros poblados, del 29 de diciembre de 2004
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Perú: Ley de elecciones de representantes ante el Parlamento Andino (2005-12-18)
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Ley 28360, de elecciones de representantes ante el Parlamento Andino, del 15 de octubre de 2004, y con reformas al 18 de diciembre de 2005
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République Démocratique du Congo: Loi n°11/003 du 25 juin 2011 modifiant la loi n° 06/006 du 9 mars 2006 portant organisation de élections présidentielle, législatives, provinciales, urbaines, municipales et locales (2011)
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Cette loi a été introduite à la suite des révisions constitutionnelles de 2011 afin de modifier la loi n° 06/006 du 9 mars 2006 portant organisation de élections présidentielle, législatives, provinciales, urbaines, municipales et locales.
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Guyana: Audit and System Review of Elections, Guyana Elections Commission and International IDEA (2001)
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The Guyana Elections Commission called for this audit before the 2001 elections in order to reinforce the transparency of the election administration.
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Bolivia: La representación en la Asamblea Constituyente. Estudio del sistema electoral (2005)
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Estudio del sistema electoral titulado "La Representación en la Asamblea Constituyente" realizado por Carlos Cordero Carraffa.
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Belize: Representation of the People Act [2011]
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Chapter 9 of the Substantive Laws of Belize, Revised Edition 2011
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The Electoral System for South Sudan: Apportioning Immediate to Long-term Needs
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Robert Gerenge discusses the tradeoffs of electoral system design for the new state of South Sudan.
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Burma (Myanmar): Region Hluttaw or the State Hlttawa Election Law (2010)
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This document is an English version of the Myanmar regional parlements electoral law.
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Burma (Myanmar): Amyotha Hluttaw Election Law (2010)
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This document is an English version of the Election Law for the House of Nationalities of the Myanmar Parliament. This is one of the two laws regulating the elections for the Myanmar Union Parliament.
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Kiribati: Act to Amend the Elections Ordinance (2002)
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This document amends the Elections Act of Kiribati.
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Vanuatu: Parliamentary Handbook, Part 1 (1999)
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This handbook is addressed to the Vanuatu parliamentarians. The document explains how elections are held and how the legal and political institutions work in Vanuatu.
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Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon: Circulaire, Déroulement des opérations électorales lors des élections au suffrage universel direct (2007)
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Ce circulaire indique les mesures à prendre pour organiser les élections de 2007 à Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon.
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تونـس: "حول تطبيق نظام التمثيل النسبي في تونس" دراسة معيارية لنظام انتخابات المجلس الوطني التأسيسي -تونس 2011- ودراسة مقارنة لمختلف الصيغ ،
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تتناول هذه الدراسة نظام القائمة النسبية في علاقته بمختلف الصيغ الممكنة داخله لتحويل عدد الأصوات إلى مقاعد. فهي تذكر بالمعايير العامة لتصميم النظام الانتخابي ثم تعرج باقتضاب على مختلف النظم الانتخابية المستعملة في مختلف أنحاء العالم. تتناول بالدراسة تحديدا، نظام القائمة النسبية المغلقة بصيغة أكبر البقايا الذي تم تطبيقه في انتخابات المجلس الوطني التأسيسي . وتدرس تحقيق مختلف معايير التمثيلية وتحقيق محفزات المصالحة الوطنية وتمكين السلطة التنفيذية من تحقيق الاستقرار. وتدرس بعد ذلك مختلف طرق احتساب عدد المقاعد في هذا النظام. كما تبين الخصائص العامة لكل صيغة من الصيغ المستعملة. وتدرس تناسبية كل صيغة من خلال تطبيقها على توزيع الأصوات في الدوائر وفق إحصاء انتخابات المجلس الوطني التأسيسي 2011
بتونس. من الناحية العملية، تفيد هذه الدراسة القائمين على تصميم النظام الانتخابي القادم في تحديد الصيغة الملائمة لتطور الأوضاع السياسية في تونس في المرحلة المقبلة من الفترة الانتقالية و في ضوء تجربة المجلس الوطني التأسيسي وما إذا كان ضروريا مراجعة الصيغة التي تم استعمالها في انتخابات 2011 أو الإبقاء عليها في الانتخابات البرلمانية القادمة.
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Croatia: Law on Constituencies for the Election of Representatives to the House of Representatives of Croatian National Parliament No. 116/99 (1999)
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The Law on Constituencies for the Election of Representatives to the House of Representatives of Croatian National Parliament (“Narodne novine” No. 116/99).
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Sweden: Elections in Sweden Guide (2012)
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United States of America: Primer on the U.S. Election System, IFES (2012)
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This primer provides an overview of all aspects of the American electoral process, from how campaigns are conducted to the mechanics of the voting process. One key difference between the United States and other countries is the level to which American elections are governed in a decentralized manner. In the U.S., there is no central election body. No single federal government agency is in charge of reporting the results of federal elections, adjudicating federal election disputes or setting the rules for federal elections. Instead, American elections are run by states – within a basic framework of anti-discrimination laws set by federal law – and almost all states, in turn, delegate the actual conduct of elections to local election officials. It is in the almost 10,000 counties, cities or townships (local election jurisdictions) that elections are implemented in the U.S.
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Elections in Latin America 2009-2011: a comparative analysis (Kellogg Institute)
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Argentina: A different view on the Argentine electoral reform (2010)
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Written by Hugo Passarello Luna. This article describes an analysis about the 2009 electoral reform
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México: Ley General de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales (2024)
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Ley electoral de México, con reformas al 24 de noviembre de 2023 / Mexico's Electoral Law (amended to 24 November 2023)
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Bolivia: Ley del Régimen Electoral. Ley N°026 (2012) - Desactualizada
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Electoral System Law. Law N° 026
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مصر: قانون انتخابات مجلس الشعب وتقسيم الدوائر الانتخابية، الجريدة الرسمية (2013)
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اصدر مجلس الشورى في رئاسة الجمهورية بمصر، قانون انتخابات مجلس الشعب (قانون رقم 2 لسنة 2013 بتعديل بعض احكام القانون رقم 38 لسنة 1973 في شأن مجلس الشعب والقانون رقم 73 لسنة 1956 بتنظيم مباشرة الحقوق السياسية)، اضافة الى اصدار (بيان باعداد الدوائر الانتخابية وعدد مقاعد مجلس الشعب ، الملحق بالقانون رقم 38 لسنة 1972 في شأن مجلس الشعب وتعديلاته). وجرى نشرهما في الجريدة الرسمية المصرية العدد 8 التابع ( أ ) والصادرة في 21 شباط/فبراير 2013.
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Argentina: Ley orgánica de la Justicia Nacional Electoral (2019-05-31)
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Esta es una versión de ACE de la Ley 19.108, Orgánica de la Justicia Nacional Electoral. Fue sancionada el 5 de julio de 1971, y contiene reformas al 31 de mayo de 2019.
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Lesotho: National Assembly Electoral Act (2011)
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An act to repeal and replace the National Assembly Elections Act 1992
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Puerto Rico: Determinación final de la Junta Constitucional de Revisión de distritos senatoriales y representativos (2011)
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El 16 de febrero de 2011 quedó constituida la Junta Constitucional de Revisión de Distritos Electorales Senatoriales y Representativos, misma que, el 3 de junio de 2011, emitió su Determinación Final. Así, quedaron establecidos los distritos electorales para las elecciones a celebrarse durante la siguiente década.
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Perú: Cuadernos para el diálogo N°4- La Arquitectura de la Democracia: ¿Presidencialismo o Semi-presidencialismo? (2007)
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Publicación realizada por la Escuela Electoral y de Gobernabilidad del Jurado Nacional de Elecciones conjuntamente con el Instituto Universitario Ortega y Gasset de España. Autor: Antonio Garrido
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Perú: Cuadernos para el diálogo N°12- "La importancia de la oposición política democrática" (2007)
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Publicación realizada por la Escuela Electoral y de Gobernabilidad del Jurado Nacional de Elecciones conjuntamente con el Instituto Universitario Ortega y Gasset de España. Autor:Armando Román Zozaya
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Perú: Cuadernos para el diálogo N°16- "Cultura política democrática en el Perú" (2007)
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Publicación realizada por la Escuela Electoral y de Gobernabilidad del Jurado Nacional de Elecciones conjuntamente con el Instituto Universitario Ortega y Gasset de España. Autor: Martín Tanaka
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Perú:"El Sistema Electoral Peruano" (2009)
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Artículo escrito por el Presidente del Jurado Nacional de Elecciones de Perú, Dr. Hugo Sivina Hurtado, en el cual se describen las particularidades y características del actual sistema electoral en Perú.
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Perú: Boletín INFOGOB- Observatorio para la Gobernalidad (2010)
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Boletín INFOGOB
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Perú: Boletín INFOGOB - Elecciones Regionales y Municipales (2009)
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Boletín INFOGOB sobre elecciones regionales y municipales 2010
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Perú: Revista de Derecho Electoral Año 1 N°0, JNE (2007)
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Revista de Derecho electoral elaborada por la Escuela Electoral y de Gobernabilidad del Jurado Nacional de Elecciones de Perú
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El Salvador: Código Electoral (2013) — Derogado
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DEROGADO Decreto N° 417, Código Electoral, promulgado en 1992 y con las reformas a marzo de 2013 / REPEALED Electoral Law with the amendments until March 2013
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El Salvador: Papeleta para la elección de diputados y diputadas a la Asamblea Legislativa 2015
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Ballot for the 2015 Legislative Assembly elections (San Salvador)
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Guatemala: Instructivo para Junta Receptora de Votos, 1 de 8 (2023)
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"El presente folleto es el PRIMERO DE OCHO que componen el Instructivo en el cual se dan a conocer los conceptos y términos relevantes que deben conocer los integrantes de cada JRV."
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Guatemala: Instructivo para Junta Receptora de Votos, 2 de 8 (2023)
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"El presente folleto es el SEGUNDO DE OCHO que componen el Instructivo en el cual se da a conocer el mobiliario electoral, útiles y enseres, documentos electorales y otros materiales de apoyo y consulta que deben identificar en su mesa y centro de votación los integrantes de cada JRV previo al inicio de la misma."
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Guatemala: Instructivo para Junta Receptora de Votos, 3 de 8 (2023)
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"El presente folleto es el TERCERO DE OCHO que componen el Instructivo en el cual se da a conocer las actividades que deben desarrollar los integrantes de las JRV el día de las elecciones a la hora de la apertura de la votación, para lo cual se detallan los pasos a seguir."
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Guatemala: Instructivo para Junta Receptora de Votos, 4 de 8 (2023)
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"El presente folleto es el CUARTO DE OCHO que componen el Instructivo en el cual se da a conocer las actividades que deben desarrollar los integrantes de las JRV el día de las elecciones durante el desarrollo de la votación, especialmente para que los ciudadanos puedan emitir su voto, para lo cual se detallan los pasos a seguir."
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Guatemala: Instructivo para Junta Receptora de Votos, 5 de 8 (2023)
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"El presente folleto es el QUINTO DE OCHO que componen el Instructivo en el cual se da a conocer las actividades que deben desarrollar los integrantes de las JRV el día de las elecciones al cierre de la votación y escrutinio, para lo cual se detallan los pasos a seguir."
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Guatemala: Instructivo para Junta Receptora de Votos, 6 de 8 (2023)
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"El presente folleto es el SEXTO DE OCHO que componen el Instructivo en el cual se da una guía para la correcta calificación de votos, así como las clases de impugnación y los pasos que deben seguir los integrantes de las JRV y los fiscales de JRV, para presentarlas, conocerlas y resolverlas el día de las elecciones."
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Guatemala: Instructivo para Junta Receptora de Votos, 7 de 8 (2023)
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"El presente folleto es el SÉPTIMO DE OCHO que componen el Instructivo en el cual se dan a conocer conceptos, normas y pasos que deben seguir los integrantes de las JRV para la atención prioritaria o preferente de personas en condición de discapacidad, adultos mayores, mujeres en estado de gravidez o con niños en brazos."
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Guatemala: Instructivo para Junta Receptora de Votos, 8 de 8 (2023)
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"El presente folleto es el OCTAVO DE OCHO que componen el Instructivo en el cual se hacen recomendaciones importantes sobre los casos específicos, en lo que se hace especial énfasis para que los integrantes de las JRV presten atención de los mismos y se tomen en consideración."
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Venezuela: Observando el cambio político en Venezuela, El Centro Carter (1998-2001)
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Este documento es el Informe Final publicado por el Centro Carter, producto de la invitación que le extendió el Consejo Nacional Electoral, acerca del proceso que observó Venezuela desde diciembre de 1998 hasta inicios de 2001.
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Venezuela: Informe Final de la Misión de Observación Electoral, Elecciones Parlamentarias 2005, Unión Europea
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La Unión Europea desplegó una Misión de Observación Electoral (MOE-UE) en respuesta a una invitación del Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE) para observar las elecciones parlamentarias del 4 de diciembre de 2005. La MOE-UE centró sus actividades de observación en las elecciones a la Asamblea Nacional, y este documento expone las conclusiones principales a las que llegó.
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Venezuela: Ley Orgánica de Procesos Electorales (2009) - imagen de la Gaceta Oficial
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Ley Orgánica de Procesos Electorales (LOPrE), del 31 de julio de 2009, publicada en la Gaceta Oficial de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela N° 5.928 el 12 de agosto de 2009 [Organic Law for Electoral Processes (2009-08-12)]
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Venezuela: Ley Orgánica de Procesos Electorales (2009)
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Ley Orgánica de Procesos Electorales (LOPrE), del 31 de julio de 2009, publicada en la Gaceta Oficial de la República Bolivariana de Venezuela N° 5.928 el 12 de agosto de 2009 [Organic Law for Electoral Processes (2009-08-12)]
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Venezuela: Reglamento No. 3 de la Ley Orgánica de Procesos Electorales en Materia de la Representación Indígena para las Elecciones Parlamentarias de 2010
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Resolución N° 100208-0012 del Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE) por la que se emite el Reglamento N° 3 de la Ley Orgánica de Procesos Electorales en materia de la Representación Indígena para las elecciones parlamentarias de 2010
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Venezuela: Informe sobre las Elecciones del 7 de Octubre 2012, Wilson Center / International IDEA (2012)
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El informe de Genaro Arriagado y José Woldenberg se divide en tres grandes apartados: a) un repaso a la situación que guardaba el sistema electoral en el sentido estrecho del término; b) un análisis de las condiciones en las que transcurría la competencia; y, c) un esbozo de los posibles escenarios.
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Venezuela: Informe Final de la Misión de estudio del Centro Carter para las Elecciones Presidenciales del 7 de octubre de 2012
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Este informe del Centro Carter está basado en un proyecto que se extendió por seis meses para hacer seguimiento al desarrollo de las elecciones presidenciales de Venezuela del 7 de octubre de 2012 y establecer las percepciones de los venezolanos al respecto. El objetivo de este informe es ofrecer un análisis a la comunidad internacional, dada la ausencia de misiones de observación electoral internacionales, y basado en los estudios de organizaciones de observación nacionales venezolanas, partidos políticos, organizaciones no gubernamentales y la ciudadanía, así como en la observación llevada a cabo por consultores a largo plazo y una Misión de Estudio de expertos organizada por el Centro Carter para dicho fin.
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Venezuela: La Mesa de Unidad Democrática (MUD) celebró sus primarias, Centro Carter (2015)
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Este documento forma parte de una serie de informes mensuales especiales del Centro Carter sobre el contexto político-electoral en Venezuela con el objetivo de ayudar a los lectores interesados a seguir el proceso de renovación de los Rectores del Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE) y los debates en el país sobre posibles reformas electorales antes de las elecciones legislativas que se esperaba sucedieran a finales de 2015. Este octavo informe contiene un resumen de algunos de los principales acontecimientos de orden político-electoral acaecidos en Venezuela durante el mes de mayo de 2015.
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Venezuela: El Partido Socialista Unido de Venezuela (PSUV) celebró sus primarias, Centro Carter (2015)
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Este documento forma parte de una serie de informes mensuales especiales del Centro Carter sobre el contexto político-electoral en Venezuela con el objetivo de ayudar a los lectores interesados a seguir el proceso de renovación de los Rectores del Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE) y los debates en el país sobre posibles reformas electorales antes de las elecciones legislativas que se esperaba sucedieran a finales de 2015. Este noveno informe contiene un resumen de algunos de los principales acontecimientos de orden político-electoral acaecidos en Venezuela durante el mes de junio de 2015.
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Paraguay: Reseña informativa sobre las Elecciones nacionales y departamentales 2023, TSJE
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"[Puesto que] por primera vez en elecciones nacionales y departamentales, se aplicará la Ley N.º 6318/19, que incorpora el sistema de listas cerradas, desbloqueadas y de representación proporcional para cargos pluripersonales, así como la obligación de utilizar un sistema de voto y escrutinio electrónicos, a lo que se suma la reforma del sistema de control del financiamiento de organizaciones políticas y candidaturas, en función de la mayor honestidad y equidad en las participaciones y en los participantes [...] el Tribunal Superior de Justicia Electoral ofrece y pone a la consideración pública esta Reseña Informativa de las elecciones nacionales y departamentales del 30 de abril de 2023. Este material pretende, como en ediciones anteriores, dejar impreso los aspectos, datos y acciones principales de la organización y desarrollo del actual proceso electoral, a fin de mantener debidamente informados a analistas políticos, periodistas, observadores electorales, miembros del cuerpo diplomático acreditado en el país, ciudadanos e interesados en general."
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Bolivia: Reglamento Elecciones Primarias (2018)
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Reglamento específico. Elecciones primarias de candidaturas de los binomios presidenciales para las elecciones generales de 2019.
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Argentina: Código Electoral Nacional (2019-05-31)
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Esta es una versión de ACE de la Ley 19.945, Código Electoral Nacional. Sancionado el 14 de noviembre de 1972, y con reformas al 31 de mayo de 2019.
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New Zealand: TNS New Zealand for the Electoral Commission, The Electoral Commission (2008)
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Bangladesh: ‘Voting No Vote! Think again’ (2007)
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The Election Commission (EC) of Bangladesh disclosed a draft proposal in June 2007 for introducing a system for casting ‘No Vote’ in parliamentary elections to express voters' lack of confidence in the contesting candidates in a constituency. This is an article written by Md. Golam Mostofa, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Indonesia: Questions about the Electoral System (2003)
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The paper "Some Questions about the Electoral System for the 2004 Indonesian General Elections Answered" by Alan Wall (IFES) examines in depth perceived problems with Indonesia's electoral system.
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Japan: Examining the Process of the 1994 Japanese Electoral Reform
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The paper "Examining the Process of the 1994 Japanese Electoral Reform" written by Jo K.Iwasaki (The London School of Economic and Political Science).
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Japan: Japanese Electoral Politics: Reform, Results, and Prospects for the Future
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The paper "Japanese Electoral Politics: Reform, Results, and Prospects for the Future" by Joe Michael Sasanuma
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Cambodia’s Electoral System: A Window of Opportunity for Reform, by Jeffrey Gallup
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The paper "Cambodia’s Electoral System: A Window of Opportunity for Reform" by Jeffrey Gallup (foreword by Kassie Neou) identifies and recommends possible areas for improvement in the Cambodian electoral system.
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Malaysia:‘Managing’ Elections in a Plural Society
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The paper "Electoral Politics in Malaysia:‘Managing’ Elections in a Plural Society" by Lim Hong Hai examines the electoral system in Malaysia, offering an historycal overview of the electoral process in this country.
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Denmark: Information About Parliamentary Elections and Election Administration (1995)
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This publication has two aims. First, to provide a brief description in English of the Danish electoral system of proportional representation (PR) for the Folketing, the Danish unicameral parliament; second, to give an account of the current national election administration system. Special emphasis is given to items which are considered particularly interesting in a comparative perspective, such as the establishment and updating of an electoral register, and the handling of advance voting.
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Poland: Electoral system simulation (2006)
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This thesis was written by Monika Szalek and it projects the difference in representation of the different parties in the Polish legislature after a simulated change of electoral system from List PR to FPTP. (In Polish)
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Romania: The Political Background (1997)
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This article gives a background of the political events that shaped the ensuing climate in Romania in the years following the fall of communism.
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The effect of Electoral Rules on Distributive Voting: some evidence from the Russian State Duma (1994-2003)
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The Paper "The effect of Electoral Rules on Distributive Voting: some evidence from the Russian State Duma (1994-2003)" written by Jana Kunicová (California Institute of Technology) and by Thomas F. Remington (Emory University).
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Iraq: Increasing Women’s Representation in Iraq - What strategies would work best?
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This paper by Pippa Norris (Harvard University, prepared for the National Endowment for Democracy) examines possible strategies for increasing women’s representation in Iraq (February 2004)
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Iraq: Country Report
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A comprehensive Country Report on Iraq published in October 2004 by the Country Information & Policy Unit - Immigration & Nationality Directorate of the Home Office in the United Kingdom. Among other aspects, it covers the electoral and political systems in this country.
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Iraq: Electoral Fact Sheet
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This electoral fact sheet was prepared by the Electoral Assistance Division of the United Nations. It provides a wealth of useful information on the 2005 electoral process in this country.
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Iraq: Considerations for Electoral System for Iraq's Transitional Period
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This paper edited by Sama Hadad for the Iraqi Prospect Organization (IPO) examines the electoral system adopted for Iraq’s transition period, providing a set of recommendations.
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Iraq: IDEA - Key Options in Iraq's Democratisation Process
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The present document consists of three different policy briefings on constitution-building processes, electoral system design and political parties in divided societies
from International IDEA.
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Iraq: IDEA - Key Options in Iraq's Democratisation Process (Arabic)
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The present document consists of three different policy briefings on constitution-building processes, electoral system design and political parties in divided societies from International IDEA.
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Iraq: Women Quotas in Iraq
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A brief document from the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA) examining the quota system adopted for the 2005 National Assembly elections in Iraq.
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Lebanese electoral system - Briefing Paper #1, IFES (2009)
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IFES-Lebanon is compiling a series of briefing papers providing background information on the Lebanese electoral system and some of the key issues relating to the electoral process. The first of such papers delineates the distribution of parliamentary seats by confession and provides a break down of the confessional districts in Lebanon with special emphasis on those in Beirut. It also includes an example on the electoral system in practice and an overview of the Lebanese ballot papers and the electoral lists.
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ٌقانون الانتخابات النيابية رقم 25
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قانون الانتخابات النيابية اللبنانية
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Australia: The Founders of Our Electoral System
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The "Founders of Our Electoral System", from the Tasmanian Parliamentary Library, provides on overview of the origins of Australia's electoral system
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Papua New Guinea: Poster on Limited Preferential Voting (LPV) System
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This poster produced by the Electoral Commission of Papua New Guinea clarifies to voters how to mark a ballot under the Limited Preferential Voting (LPV) System and how the votes will be counted.
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Papua New Guinea: Leaflet on Limited Preferential Voting System
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This leaflet produced by the Electoral Commission of Papua New Guinea, explains different aspects and the advantages and disadvantages of the Limited Preferential Voting (LPV) System
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Electoral Choices for Divided Societies: Moderation through constituency pooling and vote pooling
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A paper by Matthijs Bogaards (Department of Politics, University of Southampton) prepared for Workshop on “Parties, Party Systems and Democratic Consolidation in the Third World” (2001).
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Governance in Post-Conflict Situations: Electoral Systems and Processes (UNDP)
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Chapter III of this paper by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) examines electoral systems and processes in post-conflict situations.
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Electoral Systems and Conflict Management: Comparing STV and AV Systems
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The paper "Electoral Systems and Conflict Management: Comparing STV and AV Systems" by Benjamin Reilly, Research Fellow at the National Centre for Development Studies, Australian National University Canberra.
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Electoral Systems and the Management of Ethnic Conflict in Africa
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The paper "Electoral Systems and the Management of Ethnic Conflict in Africa" was written by Timothy Murithi from the Keele University
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Fact Sheet on the Citizen's Assembly's recommended STV model (2004)
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Canada: British Columbia - Empowered Citizen Participation
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This case study presents the unique experiment undertaken by the Canadian province of British Columbia, a process on electoral reform: the government gave a randomly selected group of citizens - the "Citizens’ Assembly on Electoral Reform" - the opportunity and responsibility to independently review the electoral system and have its recommendations submitted to the public for approval at a referendum.
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The Role of Electoral Systems in the Resolution of Ethnic Conflict
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This paper by David Chapman for the "Democracy Design Forum" explores the role of electoral systems in the resoution of ethnic conflicts.
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China: Village Committee Elections: First Steps on a Long March?
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Case study on the role of Village Commitees in China, written by Dong Lisheng and Jørgen Elklit
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Counting under STV
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Canada: British Columbia Citizen's Assembly's final report recommending STV (Punjabi) (2004)
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This report presents the recommedations of the "Citizen's Assembly on Electoral Reform" of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is based on the government's experiment to let a group of randomly selected citizens - the "Citizens’ Assembly on Electoral Reform" - independently review the electoral system and have its recommendations submitted to the public for approval at a referendum.
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Canada: British Columbia Citizen's Assembly's final report recommending STV (Chinese) (2004)
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This report presents the recommedations of the "Citizen's Assembly on Electoral Reform" of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is based on the government's experiment to let a group of randomly selected citizens - the "Citizens’ Assembly on Electoral Reform" - independently review the electoral system and have its recommendations submitted to the public for approval at a referendum.
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Canada: British Columbia Citizen's Assembly's final report recommending STV (French) (2004)
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This report presents the recommedations of the "Citizen's Assembly on Electoral Reform" of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is based on the government's experiment to let a group of randomly selected citizens - the "Citizens’ Assembly on Electoral Reform" - independently review the electoral system and have its recommendations submitted to the public for approval at a referendum.
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Canada: British Columbia Citizen's Assembly's final report recommending STV (English) (2004)
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This report presents the recommedations of the "Citizen's Assembly on Electoral Reform" of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is based on the government's experiment to let a group of randomly selected citizens - the "Citizens’ Assembly on Electoral Reform" - independently review the electoral system and have its recommendations submitted to the public for approval at a referendum.
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Government Structure and Electoral Systems (2003)
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With this paper, Benjamin Reilly sets out options for structuring a system of government and choosing an electoral system, focusing on the comparative experience of transitional democracies in choosing amongst available options, examining choices made by countries emerged from a period of protracted conflict.
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Electoral Systems and their Goals:a Primer for Decision-Makers
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The paper "Electoral Systems and their Goals:a Primer for Decision-Makers" by Donald L. Horowitz, Professor of Law and Political Science, at the Duke University (January 2003)
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Albania: Ballot Paper (1997)
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Ballot Sample for MMP Systems
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Antigua and Barbuda: Ballot Paper (1975)
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Australia: Ballot Paper for Elections of House of Representatives
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Sample for Ballot Paper for Alternative Vote System
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Australia: Ballot Paper for Elections of Senates
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A Sample of Ballot Paper for AV Systems
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Bangladesh: Ballot Paper
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A Sample of Ballot Paper for the First Past The Post (FPTP) System
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Brazil: Sample of ballot paper for legislative elections at the federal and state level
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Muestra de la boleta electoral para la elección de diputado federal y estatal.
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Brazil: Ballot paper for presidential, senatorial and gubernatorial elections (2002)
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Boleta electoral para la elección de presidente, gobernador y senadores.
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Burkina Faso: Ballot Paper (1997)
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Sample for Ballot Paper for Legislative Elections in List PR System
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Denmark: Ballot Paper
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Sample of Ballot Paper for List PR System
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Ethiopia: Ballot Paper
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Sample for Ballot Paper in First Past the Post (FPTP) System
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Germany: Ballot Paper for Parliamentary Elections (1990)
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Sample of Ballot Paper for Mixed Member Proportional (MMP) System
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Ghana: Ballot Paper for Presidential Elections (1996)
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Sample of Ballot Paper for Presidential Elections
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Moldova: Ballot Paper for Presidential Elections (1996)
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Sample of Ballot Paper for Presidential Elections
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Philippines: Ballot Paper (1996)
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Sample of ballot paper for a Parallel System, used in the 1996 elections for the Autonomous region of Muslim Mindanao in the Philippines.
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Map of the Electoral Systems of the World (2005)
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Map of the Electoral Systems of the World produced by International IDEA (www.idea.int) for its handbook on Eletoral System Design.
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Poster of the Electoral Systems of the World (2005)
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Poster of the Electoral Systems of the World produced by International IDEA (www.idea.int) for its handbook on Eletoral System Design
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European Parliament: Elections to a Supranational Body
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Background and historical description of the elections to the European Parliament. Written by Andrew Ellis and Stina Larserud
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Evolution of Electoral Systems, a brief introduction (1998)
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A brief introduction to the evolution of electoral systems.
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How Votes Become Seats (1998)
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India: First Past the Post on a Grand Scale
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Case study of the world's largest democracy. Historical background and current situation described by Vijay Patidar
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Indonesia: Continuity, Deals and Consensus
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Description of the Electoral system of Indonesia. The case study describes the transition to democracy and the latest elections. Written by Andrew Ellis
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Kyrgyzstan: Electoral Manipulation in Central Asia
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The electoral system in an ex Soviet authoritarian system. Case study written by Eugene Huskey.
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Lesotho: Africa’s First MMP Electoral System
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Description of the difficulties met in an a FPTP electoral system and the establishment of an Interim Political Authority. Written by Jørgen Elklit
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New Zealand: Learning to Live with Proportional Representation
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The reasons behind the change of electoral system in New Zealand. written by Nigel S. Roberts
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Palestinian Territory: Political Realities Shape the System
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A description of the creation of the Palestinian electoral system, written by Andrew Ellis.
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Electoral Systems Briefing Paper
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The "Electoral Systems Briefing Paper" is a handy and useful tool created by Alan Wall to understand different aspects of the various electoral systems and to consider advantages and disadvantages of each.
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South Africa: Electoral Systems, Conflict Management and Inclusion
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A historical description of the electoral system of South Africa, from the elections in 1994 until today. Written by Andrew Reynolds
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Thailand: Combating Corruption through Electoral Reform
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This file features a Case Study written by Allen Hicken on the consequence of the Constitution of on Thailand adopted in 1997.
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Electoral systems and the protection and participation of minorities (2006)
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This is a report from Minority Group International, written in 2006 by Andrew Reynolds. The report outlines the effect of electoral systems on minority representation and gives guidelines on how to design electoral systems in transitional and post-conflict situations that promote cooperation rather than ongoing tension between groups.
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Designing for Equality: Best-fit, medium-fit and non-favourable combinations of electoral systems and gender quotas (2007)
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This 2007 International IDEA publication provides an overview of the fit of various electoral systems with different kinds of quotas. It assesses how increased women's representation can be achieved under different combinations of electoral systems and quotas, serving as a reference tool for all those who work to increase women's representation in politics.
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Designing for Equality: Interactive table showing combinations of electoral systems and gender quotas (2007)
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This poster was developed for the International IDEA publication "Designing for Equality: Best-fit, medium-fit and non-favourable combinations of electoral systems and gender quotas" and provides an overview of the institutional design measures that can be taken to improve the representation of women in elected assemblies.
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Online calculator for d'Hondt system
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An online calculator for allocation of seats according to the modified d'Hondt system
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Ticket-Splitting and Strategic Voting in Mixed Electoral Systems (2003)
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Working paper by Thomas Gschwend, Mannheimer Zentrum fuer Europäische Sozialforschung
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New Zealand:Mixed Member Proportional (1996)
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A poster with a short explanation of the Mixed Member Proportial Electoral System
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Colombia: Kit de Análisis Electoral, Elecciones Presidenciales y Legislativas (2010)
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العراق: قانون انتخاب مجالس المحافظات والاقضية والنواحي الرقم 36 لسنة 2008 ، جريدة الوقائع العراقية
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نص قانون انتخاب مجالس المحافظات والاقضية والنواحي الرقم 36 لسنة 2008 والمنشور في الجريدة الرسمية ، جريدة الوقائع العراقية العدد 4091 في 13 تشرين الاول / اكتوبر 2008.
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United Kingdom: Don't waste your best asset
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Article by ACE Practitioners' Network member Bernard Owen and Guy Lardeyret, arguing for the benefits of United Kingdom's electoral system (First Past the Post).
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Lebanon: Lebanon’s Sunni Islamists: A Growing Force (2008)
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नेपाल :निर्वाचन आचारसहिता (२०७०) (नेपाली)
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निर्वाचन आचारसहिता २०७० (पोस्टर, बहिरा नागरिकहरुका लागि )
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EC-UNDP Partnership on Electoral Assistance
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The EC and UNDP have been collaborating in the field of electoral assistance since 1997 but it is since 2004, with the implementation of the project in support of the electoral processes in the Democratic Republic of Congo that the collaboration was strongly intensified, leading to the signature, in 2006, of the "Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of Electoral Assistance Programmes and Projects". This website contains links and references to the formulation and implementation of Electoral Assistance projects of the EC and the UNDP.
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Engineering Electoral Systems: Possibilities and Pitfalls Handbook, The Netherlands Institute for Multiparty Democracy (2007)
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This publication provides an introduction to the different electoral systems which exist around the world, some brief case studies of recent electoral systems reforms, and some practical tips to those political parties involved in development or reform of electoral systems.
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Electoral Systems, Constitutionalism and Conflict Management in Southern Africa
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The paper "Electoral Systems, Constitutionalism and Conflict Management in Southern Africa" by Dr. Khabele Matlosa (Senior Lecturer in the Department of Political and Administrative Studies at the National University of Lesotho) attempts to discover the possible linkages between elections, electoral systems, constitutionalism and
conflict management and show precisely how these phenomena then either enhance or undermine democratic governance.
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SADC Region: Survey of Electoral Systems and Reform Imperatives
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The "Survey of Electoral Systems and Reform Imperatives in the SADC Region" by Khabele Matlosa of EISA
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Peru: Information INFOGOB Newsletter - Puno Region (2009)
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INFOGOB Newsletter about Puno local and regional elections
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Botswana Electoral System, South African Department of Justice and Constitutional Development
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UNDP: Social Networks and Elections in the Arab World (2013)
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This report explores how social networks influence political competition across the electoral cycle primarily through evaluating electoral process in the Arab world (emphasis on Egypt, Jordan, Libya, and Tunisia) under authoritarian and transitional regimes. As social networks shape elections, elections subsequently influence social arrangements. Although this report draws examples from the Arab world, the confluence of political and social realms is also prevalent in Western countries.
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Argentina: Un nuevo universo partidario (2010)
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Artículo escrito por Hugo Passarello Luna acerca de la reforma electoral de 2009 en Argentina.
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Argentina: Historia Electoral Argentina (1912-2007)
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Publicación realizada por la Subsecretaría de Asuntos Políticos y Electorales del Ministerio del Interior de la República Argentina; https://www.mininterior.gov.ar/asuntos_politicos_y_alectorales/dinap/publicaciones/HistoriaElectoralArgentina.pdf
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Argentina: Información General sobre el sistema electoral argentino (2011)
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México: Código Federal de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales (2005) — Derogado
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Código Federal de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales; Ley General del Sistema de Medios de Impugnación en Materia Electoral; Código Penal para el Distrito Federal en materia de fuero común, y para toda la república en materia de fuero federal.
Esta edición está actualizada a 2005.
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México: Código Federal de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales (2008) — Derogado
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Código Federal de Instituciones y Procedimientos Electorales, publicado en el Diario Oficial de la Federación el 14 de enero de 2008.
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Papua New Guinea: General Elections, Domestic Observation Report, The National Research Institute (2009)
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This is an electoral observation report released by the National Research Institute of Papua New Guinea. In 2007, The seventh general elections were held in Papua New Guinea, and Sir Micheal Somare was re-elected Prime Minister. These elections were very important for the country because for the first time a new electoral system was introduced: the the new Limited Preferential Voting (LPV) system replaced the first-past-the-post (FPTP) system. For the first time domestic electoral observers were deployed in polling stations all around the country. The National Research Institute concluded that overall the 2007 elections were well-managed and peaceful, even though election fraud and malpractice continue to be an issue in some regions of the country.
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République Démocratique du Congo: Loi portant répartition des sièges par circonscription électorale pour les élections législatives et provinciales (2011)
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Cette loi établit le nombre de sièges devant être attribué par circonscription électorale pour les élections législatives et provinciales.
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Vanuatu: Municipal Council Elections Regulations (2006)
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This document is the 2006 consolidated edition of the Municipal Council Elections Regulations of Vanuatu. The municipal electoral system is based on the proportional representation principal.
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Canada: The Electoral System of Canada
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It begins by taking a look at Canada’s parliamentary system and describes the electoral process, including what happens behind the scenes at Elections Canada, its role and activities. This book also outlines the main characteristics of by-elections and referendums, describes how
electoral boundaries are redrawn and summarizes the regulatory framework for political financing. Retreived from Elections Canada.
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Bolivia: Ley 026-2010 del Régimen Electoral (2019) - Vigente
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Versión NO oficial del texto que consolida las reformas hechas mediante las leyes 125-2011, 575-2014, 929-2017, 1066-2018, y 1160-2019
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Pakistan: The Elections Act Second Amendment (2017)
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The Elections Act passed on November of 2017
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Turks and Caicos: Final Report of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association Electoral Observation Mission (2016)
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Final Report of the Electoral Observation Mission conducted by the British Islands and Mediterranean Region (BIMR) of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA UK) between 8th and 18th December 2016.
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Election System in Japan, Free Choice Foundation (2007)
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Cambodia: 2012 annual report on Democracy, Elections and Reform in Cambodia, ANFREL (2013)
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Kiribati: Act to Amend the Elections Ordinance to Minimise the Abuse of the Costom as a Defence to election Offences and for Connected Purpose (2009)
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This act aims to stop electoral abuse and offences. An explanatory memorandum attached to the law explains that voters take advantage of the electoral period to obtain favors and material goods from candidates.
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Guatemala: Carpeta informativa sobre la segunda vuelta presidencial 2023
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Carpeta informativa de Guatemala sobre la segunda vuelta presidencial realizada el 20 de agosto de 2023
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Party Systems and the Choice Sets Voters Confront in Transitions to Democracy, by John M. Carey (2014)
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Tunisie: Note d'information, le système électoral pour l'élection de l'Assemblée Nationale Constituante, Democracy Reporting International (2011)
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Taiwan: Elections Handbook, ICFET (2012)
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Egypt: Video Electoral system (2011 - Arabic only)
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This video in Arabic on Egypt's electoral system was developed for the 2011 elections
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Côte d'Ivoire: Loi no 2000-514 du 1er août Portant Code électoral (2000)
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Ce document est la loi établissant les bases du système électoral de la Côte d'Ivoire.
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Côte d'Ivoire: Nomination des Superviseurs Régionaux de la Commission Électorale Indépendante (2011)
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Cet arrêté contient la liste des superviseurs régionaux nommés par la Commission Électorale Indépendante pour les élections de l'Assemblée Nationale de 2011.
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Perú: Reglamento sobre el ejercicio del voto de los miembros de las Fuerzas Armadas y Policía Nacional del Perú (2005)
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Resolución 317-2005-JNE, del 27 de octubre de 2005
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Perú: Ley orgánica de elecciones (2019-08-27)
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Ley 26859, orgánica de elecciones, del 1 de octubre de 1997, y con reformas al 27 de agosto de 2019
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Brasil: Lei Complementar n° 78 – deputados federais (2012)
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Law that establishes the number of federal representatives, Complementary Law No. 78 – Lei Complementar n° 78, de 30 de dezembro de 1993
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Côte d'Ivoire: Loi Portant Composition, Attribution et Fonctionnement de la Commission Électorale Indépendante (2001)
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Cette loi institut la Commission Électorale Indépendante ayant le rôle d'organiser les élections en Côte d'Ivoire.
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Burma (Myanmar): Pyithu Hluttaw Election Law (2010)
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This document is an English version of the Election Law for the House of Representatives of the Myanmar Parliament. This is one of the two laws regulating the elections for the Myanmar Union Parliament.
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Turks and Caicos Islands: Elections Ordinance (2018)
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Chapter 1.05 — Elections Ordinance, in force since 18 May 2012. Revised law as of 31 March 2018.
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Venezuela: Ley de Regularización de los Períodos Constitucionales y Legales de los Poderes Públicos Estadales y Municipales (2010)
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Esta ley regula la uniformidad y simultaneidad del inicio y término ordinarios de los periodos constitucionales y legales de los cargos de elección popular en los estados y municipios. Estipula también que las elecciones extraordinarias no alteran la duración de los mandatos. /
This legislation normalizes the terms of all state and municipal elected officials in Venezuela and gives set dates for elections. If one is to die before the date of the election, the successor serves a shorter term.
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Kenya: KENYA ELECTION HISTORY 1963-2013, The Kenyan Election Database (2017)
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Egypt: Analysis of the 2011 Parliamentary Electoral System, IFES (2011)
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Mexico: Main Aspects of the Mexican Electoral Regime (2015)
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Information material prepared by the Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE) for the Foreign Visitors (international observers) on Mexico's electoral system for the 2015's elections
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México: Aspectos relevantes del Régimen Electoral Mexicano (2015)
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Publicación del Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE) para brindar información sucinta y relevante a los visitantes extranjeros (observadores internacionales) acerca del sistema electoral de México en ocasión de las elecciones federales 2015
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The elimination of preference voting for the election of the Congress and strengthening the party system in Peru
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This article describes how a possible elimination of the preferential voting would affect the electoral and party system in Peru (article in Spanish)
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New Zealand: Local Electoral Act (2010)
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This document is the 2001 Local Electoral Act including all the amendments made until 2010.
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New Zealand: Local Electoral Regulations SR 2001-145 (2010)
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This document is the 2001 Local Electoral Regulations SR 2001-145 including all the amendments made until 2010.
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New Zealand: Parliamentary Service Act (2010)
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This document is the 2000 Parliamentary Service Act including all the amendments made until 2010.
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St. Lucia's Electoral Process 1951-1982
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A documentation and analysis of elections in St. Lucia from 1951 to 1982, written by Douglas Midgett, Department of Anthropology, University of Iowa.
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Northern Mariana Islands: Election Law (2010)
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This document is an updated version of the Northern Mariana Islands Election Law.
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México: Aspectos relevantes del Proceso Electoral 2017–2018, INE [2018]
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Publicación del Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE) para brindar información sucinta y relevante a los visitantes extranjeros (observadores internacionales) acerca del sistema electoral de México en ocasión de las elecciones federales 2018
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Mexico: Relevant aspects of the 2017–2018 Electoral Process, INE (2018)
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Information material prepared by the Instituto Nacional Electoral (INE) for the Foreign Visitors (international observers) on Mexico's electoral system for the 2018's elections
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UNDP: Evaluation of UNDP Contribution to Strengthening Electoral Systems and Processes (2012)
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Puerto Rico: Código Electoral de 2020
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Ley 58-2020, del 20 de junio de 2020
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Puerto Rico: Reglamento para las Elecciones Generales y el Escrutinio General de 2008
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Aprobada el 7 de julio de 2008
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UNDP: Electoral Systems and Processes Practice Note (2004)
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Establishing a framework for UNDP activities in the field of electoral assistance, the Electoral Systems and Processes Practice Note focuses on the various components of electoral assistance, the primary areas in which UNDP and others have worked, recent trends in the field, and lessons learned.
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Perú: Ley de elecciones municipales (2018-01-09)
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Ley 26864, de elecciones municipales, del 14 de octubre de 1997, con reformas al 9 de enero de 2018
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Perú: Ley de elecciones regionales (2018-01-09)
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Ley 27683, de elecciones regionales, del 15 de marzo de 2002, con reformas al 9 de enero de 2018
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Perú: Ley de organizaciones políticas (2019-08-27)
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Ley 28094, de organizaciones políticas, del 1 de noviembre del 2003, y con reformas al 27 de agosto de 2019
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Iran: Duality by Design, IFES (2011)
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A New Electoral System: Majoritarian Election of Candidates with Proportional Allocation of Seats
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This is a proposal for a new electoral system that combines valuable features of the Single Member Plurality (SMP, First-past-the-post) system and of the proportional representation systems that ensure a closer correlation of each party's vote with its number of seats in parliament.
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New Zealand: Parliamentary Service Amendment Act (2010)
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This law amends the 2000 Parliamentary Service Act and specifies certain provisions regarding electoral fundings and advertisements.
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Egypt's Elections: More legal roadblocks - An assessment of Egypt's framework for Parliamentary Elections under the new constitution, DRI (2013)
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The Democracy Reporting International (DRI) has published an Assessment of Egypt's Framework For Parliamentary Elections Under The New Constitution. (The DRI is a non-partisan, independent, not-for-profit organisation registered in Berlin, Germany. DRI promotes political participation of citizens, accountability of state bodies and the development of democratic institutions world-wide.)
http://www.democracy-reporting.org/
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Korea, Republic of: Introduction to the Political and Electoral Systems of the Republic of Korea (2020)
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This publication by the National Election Commission (NEC) of the Republic of Korea informs about the Korean electoral system and NEC's mission and mandates. It is mainly composed of Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) raised over five years (2015-2020) during official meetings between NEC and international organisations, foreign election officials and diplomatic delegations in Korea. This book is meant to be a valuable reference, a tool for informing the international community about the electoral system in Korea, as well as to contribute to enhancing the understanding of NEC's roles and responsibilities and serve as a foundation for better communication with global partners.
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Palestinian Elections, University of North Texas (2006)
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The Congressional Research Service has published a report on Palestinian Election, issued on 26 Feb 2006
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Switzerland: Overview of the Electoral System (1997)
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Author: Steiner, Jurg
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Argentina: Decreto que regula las cuotas de género (2000)
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Decreto 1246-2000, que regula la integración efectiva de las mujeres en la actividad política.
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Argentina: Ley orgánica de los partidos políticos (2017-12-15)
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Ley 23.298, Órganica de los partidos políticos. Sancionada el 30 de septiembre de 1985, y con reformas al 15 de diciembre de 2017.
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Argentina: Decreto sobre el régimen de las elecciones PASO (2019-04-12)
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Decreto 443/2011, que establece el régimen de las elecciones primarias abiertas, simultáneas y obligatorias. Emitido el 14 de abril de 2011, con reformas al 12 de abril de 2019.
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South Africa: Electoral System Design and Conflict Management in Africa
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The paper "Electoral System Design and Conflict Management in Africa" by Andrew Reynolds (1994)
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Canada: The Case for Electoral Reform in British Columbia
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The Final Report on British Columbia Citizens’ Assembly on Electoral Reform, which recommended the adoption of the single transferable vote system for this province.
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United States: The Electoral College
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The paper "Electoral College"by William C. Kimberling, Deputy Director of the FEC Office of Election Administration
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ُEgypt: The road to Parliament, Al-Ahram Weekly (2010)
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In this collection of analysis and articles, Al-Ahram Weekly offers a comprehensive guide to the elections, mapping the political landscape, profiling parties and their candidates, providing views and assessments including a brief history of parliament and the Higher Elections Committee, coverage of what are expected to be the most closely fought constituency battles, concerns over human rights violations and the challenges facing civil and international monitors alongside opinion articles by leading political commentators.
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System Simulation: Botswana elections results
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This is an electoral system simulation tool. The 2004 and 2009 elections in Botswana are analyzed and studied according to the different electoral system adopted: the same results can turn into very different outcomes.
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United Kingdom: Representation of the People Act 1983
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This law broadly covers representation.
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Guam: Code Annoted (2011)
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This code establishes the foundations of the Guam institutions. Title number 3 of the code regulates the elections in Guam.
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Guyana: Local Authorities Elections Act (1990)
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This law establishes the legal framework for the elections of the local authorities in Guyana.
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الامارات العربية المتحدة: برنامج المشاركة والتمكين - انتخابات المجلس الوطني الاتحادي ، اللجنة الوطنية للانتخابات (2011)
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في هذا الإصدار الخطوات العملية التي تم اتخاذها لتعزيز وتفعيل دور المجلس الوطني الاتحادي خلال انتخابات العام 2011 ليكون سلطة مساندة ومرشدة وداعمة للمؤسسة التنفيذية فيما يعرف بــ "مرحلة التمكين" . كما يضم القرارات الخاصة بالانتخابات وتعديلاتها .
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Nauru: Referendum Procedures Act (2009)
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This act provides the legal framework for referendum procedures in the Republic of Nauru.
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Nauru: Electoral Act 1965 (2011)
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This document is a version of the 1965 Electoral Act as amended on 15 April 2011.
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Kiribati: Act to Amend the Election of the Beretitenti Act (2002)
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This document amends the law regulating the election of the president (Beretitenti) in Kiribati. The law establishes a two round voting system.
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Pitcairn Islands: Local Government Ordinance (2010)
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This legal document establishes the Pitcairn Islands electoral system. The 2010 Local Government Ordinance repeals the previous 2004 law.
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We changed the Laws - Electoral practice and malpractice in Sudan since 1953, African Affairs (2010)
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This article explores the history of elections by secret ballot in Sudan since
the 1950s, and considers what lessons this history may offer in the run-up to
the national elections planned under the Comprehensive Peace Agreement.
The article locates the repeated use of the secret ballot in Sudan in the context
of a wider state-directed project of modernity, for which the secret ballot
offers a performative enactment of the relationship between an efficient state
and a disciplined citizenry. The article therefore focuses on the actual procedure
of elections, rather than on high politics, and it argues that despite a
formal insistence on consistent procedure, practice often deviated from the
supposed rules.
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Jamaica: Interim Report on Electoral Reform 13th July (1994)
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This report produced by the Electoral Commission of Jamaica aims to underline the major reforms that have to be done in the electoral system in order to tackle the problems of administration ineffectivness and widespread malpractice.
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Kiribati: Laws Election of the Beretitenti (1980)
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This document is the revised version of the law regulating the election of the president (Beretitenti) in Kiribati.
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Guyana: Election Law Amendment Act no 15 of 24 November (2000)
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This act amends the Guyana Electoral Laws and repeals the 1996 and 1997 Electoral Laws amendments.
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Guyana: Election Laws Act (1996)
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This document is the 1996 Election Laws Act instituting the Electoral Commission and establishing the foundations of the Guyanese electoral system.
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Guyana: Elections Commission Activity Report, 3-5 Year Development Plan (2003)
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The 2003 Guyana Elections Commission Activity Report contains a development plan which aims to increase the efficiency and the effectiveness of the electoral administration over the next 3-5 years.
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Guyana: Elections Commission Activity Report (2005)
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This report treats the major activities undertaken by the Guyana Electoral Commission (GECOM) in 2005. The GECOM has received the needs assessment report from the Commonwealth Secretariat and is currently issuing temporary identity card to process to the voters registration. The Elections commission has also signed an agreement with the Government of Guyana and several donors in order to obtain support for the next elections. The GECOM is preparing a report supporting legal reforms that aims to reinforce electoral transparency. Certain deficiencies in the Election Laws were underlined by a USAID report.
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