Broadly speaking, a political
organization is an institutional expression of a particular ideology of a
people, or an institutional expression of some political interests of some
social groups. Such an ideology is related to specific public
affairs of general interest and can affect both politics and governments.
Every single political organization is derived from a particular reality
and it is expressed through subjective and objective devices. Structural
topics can be seen as subjective devices, while normative realities understood as
objective ones.
Objective devices have a more important role to play to build-up a legal
framework. Objective devices will affect the society in which they exist
as long as they are publicly recognized, regulated, and funded.
The foundation of political organizations is derived from specific rules
and general principles aimed at ensuring the achievement of general objectives
derived from the law or from decisions made by such organizations on their
own.
As a matter of fact, political organizations are not capable to ensure a
permanent existence on their own. That is the reason why their aims,
objectives, powers and legal existence have to be legally established.
Without a legal support, political organizations’ existence would be unstable,
anarchic, and disordered.
Besides, a legal system has to recognize that internal regulations applied to
political organizations and which affect their structure, relations,
composition, scope of action, discipline, and other topics, must be enacted and
applied by members of the organizations. A legal system has to recognize
the organization’s right to self-determination.
The activity of political organizations has to be limited by specific
rules, i.e., such activity has to be regulated and oriented by established
rules and procedures which are derived from the legal system within which
political organizations exist.
Political organizations neither have the same origin, nor the same
compositor. Political organizations do not have identical objectives.
That is the reason why a legal framework has to distinguish and constrain their
independent activities. In what follows (Political parties, Coalitions,
and Other political organizations) the more important types of political
organizations that have to be addressed in law will be detailed.
