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3752 recommendations
Recommendation 23 (Media) South Sudan 2011
by: EU

Media campaign regulations (MCRs) should be released prior the official beginning of the campaign period and effectively communicated to all stakeholders: media houses, political parties and civil society organisations actively involved in the campaign.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 24 (Media) South Sudan 2011
by: EU

MCRs should have specific rules on airtime allocation in the broadcasting media and an independent media committee should have in place a monitoring system and provide an appeal and complaints mechanism.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 25 (Media) South Sudan 2011
by: EU

Southern Sudan needs to approve a long awaited comprehensive media law to cope with the total lack of regulation in the media sector. Media houses should organise themselves in an Association to represent themselves and should be involved in the new media law discussion.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 26 (Media) South Sudan 2011
by: EU

Media in Southern Sudan should cover elections and political events more generally, with professionalism and compliance with ethical standards. Such professionalism could be increased through the development of long!term training programmes and academic curricula.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 27 (Campaign Environment) South Sudan 2011
by: EU

The use of state security forces to assist with the electoral processes in a logistical and security fashion is to be welcomed and encouraged. State security forces, however, including police, should maintain an institutional and physical separation from electoral events. This includes not checking voter or ID documents, or indeed being present at voter registration centres/polling centres in a conspicuous and intimidatory manner. The intervention of police and military forces in electoral events should be upon the request of EMB officials only, or where there is a real threat to public order.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 28 (Campaign Environment) South Sudan 2011
by: EU

Public order legislation should apply to electoral campaign events but in a manner that allows maximum discretion for registered political parties/candidates to gather their supporters and communicate their message freely. State security organs charged with granting permission for and policing electoral campaign events and other political gatherings should respect the rights of political groups to campaign freely, and should endeavour to facilitate a level playing field for all parties/candidates.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 29 (Polling, Counting and Publication of Results) South Sudan 2011
by: EU

The future EMB should promote the secrecy of vote as paramount in voting processes. To facilitate this, sturdy voting screens should be procured that guarantee that no voter’s ballot can be viewed during the marking phase. Polling officials should provide only the most rudimentary advice with regards to informing voters (particularly elderly and illiterate voters) on how to mark their ballots.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 30 (Polling, Counting and Publication of Results) South Sudan 2011
by: EU

Regardless of the expected size of the problem, the future EMB should thoroughly investigate all cases where voter turnout exceeds the number of voters recorded as registered at that particular polling location. The EMB’s polling, counting and results tabulation procedures should allow for penalty measures against any polling officials established to be engaging in electoral fraud. These measures should also include the possibility to exclude the results from polling locations where it is determined that fraud has taken place.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Election Administration (Election Administration) Uganda 2011
by: EU

As previously recommended, the problem of lack of trust in the Electoral Commission could be addressed by creating a legal basis for the transparent appointment of Commissioners. One option to consider would be to establish a joint panel of the Civil Service Commission and the Judicial Service Commission, which would draw up a list of qualified candidates, as is done with judges. Greater consensus could also be achieved by including opposition and civil society voices in the appointment process, rather than only the Presidency and Parliamentary majority. Electoral Commissioners should also enjoy security of tenure. The criteria for nomination and precise terms of reference for EC Commissioners and all other electoral officials should be set out in law.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Election System (Electoral System) Uganda 2011
by: EU

All Members of Parliament should be elected by direct and universal suffrage, including any quota seats for disadvantaged groups. Consideration should be given to amending the Constitution and the Parliamentary Elections Act with a view to reviewing the Special Interest Groups provided for. The current quotas for youth, workers and the military do not meet criteria of acceptable positive discrimination for disadvantaged groups since the groups concerned do not require particular assistance and in the case of the armed forces, special seats raise serious concerns of independence, accountability and conflict of interest. In addition, the implementation of Special Interest Group elections runs contrary to democratic standards in a number of respects. Seats currently reserved for persons with disabilities should, if maintained, be elected by universal suffrage.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Voter Registration (Voter Registration) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Another measure that would increase public trust in the electoral process is the creation of a new National Voter Register. Public display periods both before and after cleansing which are adequately communicated to the public in both urban and rural areas, and completion of the final assignment of polling stations at least one month before polling day, should, if communicated to the electorate, also enhance their confidence in future electoral processes. The use of an identity card system or voting document would assist greatly in the polling process.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Media (Media) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Conditions for freedom of speech and equitable access to the media would be improved by the creation of an independent regulatory authority, which could be achieved by merging the Media Council and the Broadcasting Council. The authority’s operational budget should be determined by Parliament and allocated from the state budget. The setting out of criteria for nomination to the authority in law would also enhance the credibility of its work. An independent regulatory authority with statutory powers to deal adequately with complaints during election period would create a basis for a more level playing field for media coverage and help to improve voters’ access to information. A media monitoring system managed by the authority would also help ensure that Uganda’s legal provisions with regard to free access to the media are respected.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Use of State Resources (Legal Framework) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Legislation is required to curb the use of state and government resources during an election period for the advantage of the incumbent. For example, the use of “ordinarily attached official facilities” by the incumbent presidential candidate, other than those related to his personal security, should be restricted to the execution of his official duties only. Further, consideration should be given to legislation that more strictly limits the role of government, its ministries and public officials in an election period.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Constituency Delimitation (Voter Registration) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Once the 2012 census figures are published, the Electoral Commission will require adequate resources to fulfil its constitutional obligation to demarcate electoral boundaries, so that their sizes are as equal as possible to the population quota, taking into special account densely populated areas.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Constituency Delimitation (Women) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Parliament needs also to revise the statutory equation of women seats with administrative districts or cities, in order to enable the Electoral Commission to demarcate women-only district constituencies which respect the equality of the vote.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Campaign Financing (Parties and Candidates) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Parliament could establish an ad hoc committee to review practice and law in Uganda and across the East African Community and propose a bill that would effectively regulate campaign spending.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Campaign Financing (Parties and Candidates) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Introducing campaign spending caps on individual parliamentary candidates, to be monitored and enforced by the Electoral Commission and the courts, may also be considered and may serve to reduce the monetisation of politics.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Funding of Political Parties (Parties and Candidates) Uganda 2011
by: EU

The implementation of public funding of political parties may help address the recent trend in monetisation of the political process, as would the full enforcement of the financing regulations established by the PPOA.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Electoral Regulations (Legal Framework) Uganda 2011
by: EU

The overall electoral process would benefit from clear and detailed procedural regulations for every stage, including voter registration, equal treatment of candidates on the ballot paper, and all elements of polling, counting and tallying. The publication of these significantly before the beginning of each stage in question (and ideally not later than the publication of the two-year electoral roadmap) would also serve to enhance the confidence of all stakeholders in the process. Such regulations can be issued by the Electoral Commission, relying on its independence as provided for in Article 62 of the Constitution.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Civic Education and Voter Information (Voter Education) Uganda 2011
by: EU

A comprehensive and effective programme would ensure that all citizens are informed of all necessary elements of the electoral process, from registration to the precise modalities and location for voting. Unless significant changes are made to the tendering and monitoring process, it is recommended that this crucial task not be contracted out to private companies.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Electoral Offences (Detection and Mitigation of Fraud) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Banning candidates, who the High Court has found implicated in malpractices, from standing in subsequent elections would effectively deter electoral offences. Disqualification is an administrative, and not a criminal sanction, so the civil standard of proof would apply. A deadline for nomination disputes would also shield the electoral process from belated litigation.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Code of Conduct (Legal Framework) Uganda 2011
by: EU

An agreement on an adequate code of conduct for political parties and organisations is strongly recommended, and is a requirement both of Uganda’s constitution and electoral legal framework. Including in the code of conduct commitments on non-violence, prevention of intimidation, fair and equal conditions for campaigning and appropriate behaviour by polling agents, as well as appropriate sanctions in case of non-compliance with the code, would represent a significant step forward and help ensure that the generally peaceful election of 2011 becomes the standard rather than the exception.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Media (Media) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Ugandan law already sets out obligations for the Ugandan Broadcasting Corporation (UBC) to act as a public service broadcaster during the election, or any other, period. Improvements could be made by establishing precise definitions of key concepts, such as equal access for presidential candidates and political party broadcasts. A clear monitoring mechanism would also help guarantee that impartiality and balance in news programming is maintained throughout the election period.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Media (Media) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Discrepancies have been observed between Ugandan laws (such as the Press and Journalist Act, the Electronic Media Act, and the Penal Code) and the country’s constitution and its regional and international commitments regarding freedom of expression. A comprehensive review of these by government and Parliament could identify amendments to legislation which would end these anomalies.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Timing of Elections (Election Administration) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Local elections in 2011 risked creating an untenable and unwarranted degree of pressure on the election administration as it prepared for general elections at around the same time. Consideration could be given to holding local elections in the middle of the presidential and parliamentary terms.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Recruitment and Training of Polling Station Staff (Election Administration) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Recruitment and training of polling station staff should be carried out earlier in the process, and criteria for their selection should be established in law or regulation, would provide a more solid and credible basis for electoral administration. In addition, Uganda is unusual in barring civil servants from acting as polling station staff and this eliminates a large number of well-qualified individuals from assisting the process on Election Day.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Campaigning Hours (Campaign Environment) Uganda 2011
by: EU

An extension of campaign hours by the Electoral Commission would facilitate greater public participation at campaign meetings and events. Any regulations on campaign hours should be rigorously and consistently enforced.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Voter Registration (Voter Registration) Uganda 2011
by: EU

An amendment to the law to enable the registration of those who turn 18 before Election Day but after the close of the register would ensure full enfranchisement of the electorate. This could be further supported by programmes, initiated by the Electoral Commission, to ensure the registration of all those eligible to vote, including those in institutions such as hospitals, or those held in prison, whether on remand or following conviction.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Secrecy of the Vote (Polling, Counting and Publication of Results) Uganda 2011
by: EU

The proliferation of candidates as Uganda’s multi-party system becomes entrenched renders the use of washing basins in open-air polling stations ineffective as a means of ensuring secrecy of vote. Facilities provided in other countries, including regionally, are more effective in this regard and merit timely consideration.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Priority to Voter Intention (Polling, Counting and Publication of Results) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Uganda’s elections are marked by an unusually high level of invalid ballots, which is at least in part attributable to the legal definition of a valid vote being limited to two particular marks. Greater priority to “clear voter intention” would help address this and ensure that those who have made the effort to vote have their votes counted.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Right to Stand for Election (Parties and Candidates) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Removing the Advanced-Level educational requirement would open the universal right to stand for office to all Ugandans, the majority of whom are presently excluded from elected office, in contravention of Uganda’s international commitments.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Domestic Election Observation (Civil Society and Domestic Observation) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Legal guarantees regarding the rights of domestic observers to observe the whole electoral process, including district and national tabulation as well as recounts, would further enhance Uganda’s democratic development and citizens’ confidence in the electoral process. Domestic observers would also be assisted by the establishment of clear and objective criteria and application procedures for the accreditation of domestic observation missions.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Domestic Election Observation (Parties and Candidates) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Encouragement and support to political parties to ensure party agents properly exercise their rights and respect their responsibilities in the electoral process would also serve to ensure improved administration and greater confidence by parties and the electorate in the process.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Parliamentary Recounts (Polling, Counting and Publication of Results) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Granting the High Court sole competence to order and conduct parliamentary recounts would guarantee procedural integrity and adequate protection of evidence.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation Results Collection and Tallying (Polling, Counting and Publication of Results) Uganda 2011
by: EU

Reliable and secure means of transport for those designated to bring results forms and materials to District Tally Centres would provide additional guarantees against possible malpractice. The projection of data entry computer screens would also ensure that all present at such centres can observe the entire process and further enhance transparency.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 1 (Election Administration) Chad 2011
by: EU

Il est la conviction de la MOE UE que la CENI doit devenir plus opérationnelle, plus performante et plus active sans pour autant renoncer au rôle de garant de la neutralité du processus électoral dévolu à sa plénière paritaire. Pour ce faire, elle doit davantage s’appuyer sur le personnel technique au premier rang le Bureau permanent des élections (BPE), qui constitue sa principale structure administrative. Une institution comme la CENI tchadienne (plénière et sous commissions) est sans doute en mesure de superviser le travail du BPE et d’adopter les décisions nécessaires pour combler les lacunes de la législation électorale. Mais il est moins évident qu’avec son système de travail actuel, basé sur la centralisation de la presque totalité de ses fonctions entre les mains de ses membres « politiques », elle puisse devenir un instrument réellement efficace dans la gestion des élections, sauf si, bien entendu, les partis sont capables de proposer pour le poste des personnes de profil technique et disposant d’une expérience démontrée dans l’organisation des élections. Il est de l’avis de la MOE UE que la solution la plus simple serait de renforcer les fonctions du Bureau permanent des élections et le rôle de son directeur général, qui devrait devenir, entouré d’une équipe adéquate, le véritable planificateur (et exécuteur) de l’ensemble des opérations électorales (logistique, formation et sensibilisation et coordination avec les démembrements inclues) sous la supervision de la plénière et des sous-commissions de la CENI. La MOE UE considère aussi qu’un BPE aux fonctions techniques élargies et renforcées pourrait contribuer, de manière bien plus efficace que les « délégués régionaux » de la CENI, à assurer la communication avec les démembrements, en leur apportant de l’assistance technique et des instructions opérationnelles homogènes dans toutes les régions du pays. Finalement, un rôle plus déterminant du BPE, la branche technique de la CENI, dans l’ensemble des opérations électorales est probablement la garantie d’un plus grand respect des échéances du chronogramme. Tout ceci n’induit pas nécessairement de changements législatifs et peut être facilement accompli via délégation même si un amendement en ce sens, respectueux de l’esprit de l’Accord Politique 2007, à la Loi portant création d’une CENI pourrait ajouter des garanties de succès au renforcement du BPE.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 2 (Voter Registration) Chad 2011
by: EU

La MOE UE recommande fermement à la CENI que tout nouveau recensement électoral ou toute mise à jour du recensement de 2010 soient élaborés avec l’appui d’une cartographie électorale et d’une codification des BV qui permettent de produire une liste provisoire des BV adaptée aux besoins géographiques de la population et aux critères du code électoral, ainsi qu’une LEPI facile à être découpée en listes électorales par BV. Egalement, pour tout nouveau recensement électoral ou toute mise à jour du recensement actuel, la CENI devra s’investir dans la sélection et la formation homogène et de qualité des agents recenseurs recrutés. Sans l’adoption de ces mesures, les problèmes rencontrés lors de l’identification des BV, la confection des listes électorales et même la distribution des cartes d’électeurs lors des législatives du 13 février risquent de se reproduire dans les élections à venir. L’opinion de la MOE UE est que l’introduction de ces mesures, qui auront sans doute un certain impact budgétaire, n’induit pas de changements législatifs.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 3 (Voter Registration) Chad 2011
by: EU

La MOE UE rappelle à la CENI qu’il est de la plus grande importance que la liste des BV soit publiée et distribuée suffisamment à l’avance aux différents démembrements de la CENI pour leur permettre de compléter à temps les préparatifs du scrutin. La CENI et le BPE ont également la responsabilité de publier et de distribuer les listes électorales conformément au chronogramme. Finalement, la remise des cartes d’électeurs doit être faite sur une base individuelle, avec l’appui des listes de distribution permettant de contrôler l’identité du titulaire, et au cours d’une période suffisamment prolongée pour que tout électeur raisonnablement diligent qui le désire puisse avoir l’opportunité de la retirer. Une campagne de sensibilisation des électeurs à la radio sur les délais, les procédures et les lieux de remise des cartes serait de la plus grande utilité.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 4i (Civil Society and Domestic Observation) Chad 2011
by: EU

La MOE UE recommande à la CENI, tout en respectant le principe de parité gouvernement/opposition, de vérifier au préalable l’aptitude et la capacité des membres des bureaux de vote à remplir leur tache de manière satisfaisante. Un certain niveau scolaire pourrait et devrait être exigé.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 4ii (Civil Society and Domestic Observation) Chad 2011
by: EU

Il est de la plus grande importance pour le succès du déroulement des opérations de vote et dépouillement, ainsi que pour la qualité du remplissage des procès verbaux dans les bureaux de vote, que leurs membres reçoivent de la CENI une formation essentiellement pratique et dispensée dans une langue de leur connaissance suffisamment à l’avance. De même, les guides destinés aux membres des BV devront être simples, clairs, visuels, pratiques et publiés dans les langues les plus répandues dans le pays.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 4iii (Voter Education) Chad 2011
by: EU

Vu le manque de connaissances sur la procédure de vote très fréquemment observé chez les électeurs, la mise en place par la CENI d’une véritable stratégie nationale de sensibilisation en cette matière est indispensable. Des messages de sensibilisation, à la fois clairs et simples dans leur pédagogie, devraient être diffusés non seulement pendant la campagne mais aussi au cours de la période de précampagne.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 5i (Legal Framework) Chad 2011
by: EU

Modifier la loi portant création d’une Commission Electorale Nationale Indépendante afin de préciser le statut des membres à tous les niveaux de l’administration électorale et surtout les incompatibilités et leur responsabilité légale dans l’exercice de leurs fonctions, ainsi que les conditions qui détermineraient la révocation ou le remplacement des membres de la CENI et de ses démembrements, les organes compétents pour prendre une telle décision ainsi que le mécanisme y afférent.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 5ii (Legal Framework) Chad 2011
by: EU

Etablir, dans la Loi portant création d’une CENI, un mécanisme précis, auprès des institutions judiciaires, avec des délais adaptés au processus électoral, pour des recours potentiels contre des décisions de l’administration électorale autres que l’enregistrement des candidats ou la publication des résultats provisoires des élections législatives (déjà envisagés par la législation tchadienne).


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 5iii (Legal Framework) Chad 2011
by: EU

Introduire, dans le Code Electoral, la possibilité de procéder, au niveau des démembrements, soit d’office soit à la demande des partis politiques, à des éventuels recomptages, en toute transparence et en présence de délégués de partis et d’observateurs, des bulletins de votes des bureaux de vote dont les procès verbaux relèvent des inconsistances arithmétiques importantes ou présentent un nombre anormalement élevé de bulletins nuls. Une telle mesure aurait pu permettre de corriger préventivement un bon nombre de PV qui ont été, en raison de leurs déficiences, annulés par le Conseil Constitutionnel. Toute opération de recomptage exige au préalable l’adoption de mesures efficaces de conservation et de sécurisation des bulletins de vote de tous les BV du pays.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 5iv (Legal Framework) Chad 2011
by: EU

Finalement, il serait de plus grande utilité de garantir la parution régulière du Journal Officiel, même seulement en version électronique pour réduire les coûts, afin d’ assurer la publication de la législation ce qui permettra son accessibilité aux acteurs politiques ainsi qu’aux citoyens.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 6i (Detection and Mitigation of Fraud) Chad 2011
by: EU

Préciser les dispositions relatives au déroulement de la campagne électorale et établir des sanctions et des mesures correctives précises en cas d’infraction (par exemple, en matière de rassemblements politiques - besoin ou non de notification, autorité à notifier, autorité pouvant empêcher un rassemblement et pour quelles raisons - ou d’affichage des matériaux de campagne). La loi exige que les modalités soient établies par décret après avis de la CENI.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 6ii (Legal Framework) Chad 2011
by: EU

Réglementer de manière précise la procédure du scrutin des Forces de Défense et de Sécurité ainsi que du scrutin des nomades afin d’assurer la transparence et l’uniformité dans l’application des règles. L’établissement d’un fichier électoral des FDS, de listes d’émargement et de listes électorales distinctes serait souhaitable.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 6iii (Civil Society and Domestic Observation) Chad 2011
by: EU

Réaffirmer, en conformité avec le Code électoral, à travers l’adoption d’une décision claire dont le contenu devra être au centre de la formation des membres des BV et des délégués des partis, le principe du respect de la volonté du votant comme seul critère applicable à l’heure de déterminer la validité ou la nullité des bulletins de vote. L’adoption de critères rigoristes, injustifiée mais attribuable au manque de clarté des instructions reçues de la CENI, de la part des membres des BV est à l’origine d’une bon parti du taux très élevé de bulletins nuls enregistré le 13 février.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 6iv (Polling, Counting and Publication of Results) Chad 2011
by: EU

Réglementer les modalités précises de la centralisation des résultats au niveau de la circonscription afin d’augmenter la transparence et l’authenticité des résultats. Le rapport de centralisation devrait être formalisé dans un PV unique pour tout le pays et établi par la CENI.


Recommendation status: recommended

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Recommendation 7 (Parties and Candidates) Chad 2011
by: EU

La MOE UE recommande aux partis politiques de s’investir dans la sélection et la formation de leurs délégués auprès des BV afin d’assurer un suivi de qualité du déroulement du scrutin et des opérations de décompte des voix et de remplissage des PV. Cette formation (qui devrait bénéficier du support de la CENI, à travers par exemple une formation des formateurs des partis et la mise à disposition de manuels à leur usage) doit donner la capacité aux délégués des partis de formuler par écrit dans les documents officiels du BV des objections et des commentaires sur toute irrégularité observée. Sans ces objections, la plupart des recours mettant en question la validité des données du PV d’un bureau de vote risquent d’être rejetés par le Conseil Constitutionnel. De même, et au vu du nombre très élevé de recours déclarés non recevables en raison de vices de forme, l’assistance d’un avocat est de la plus haute importance au moment de formuler et de déposer une requête auprès du Conseil Constitutionnel.


Recommendation status: recommended

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