All computer technology relies on hardware. As a result, hardware management is a significant part of technology implementation. Typical hardware can include:
- Personal computers (networked or stand alone)
- Network servers
- Backup storage devices
- Printers
- Photocopiers
- Facsimile (fax) machines
- Computer peripherals
- Counting machines
- Voting machines
- Scanners
- Communications equipment
- Letter openers
- Mail inserting machines
- Overhead projectors
- Televisions/videos
- Electronic whiteboards
- Automatic numbering machines
Ideally hardware will be purchased in accordance with the organisation's overall information technology strategy. Hardware sourced from common manufacturers or suppliers is more likely to be compatible with each other than if a range of suppliers or manufacturers are used.
Asset registers can be used to keep track of hardware. Bar codes placed on hardware assets and read with bar code readers are a useful method of conducting checks on assets.
Covering all these items of hardware in a documented maintenance program and scheduling routine upkeep and inspection by trained technicians can be an effective means of ensuring their proper working order. (see Maintenance).
One of the key issues in managing hardware is deciding when to upgrade it. See Managing Obsolescence for more on this issue.
Server management is particularly important. As networked systems rely on the smooth operation of their servers, building reliable server systems will likely be a key priority. Server systems generally include a range of backup methods to ensure that network down time is minimised or eliminated and that data is regularly backed up. These methods can include using batteries of servers (or 'server farms') with data mirrored on various hard drives and computers, and alternative cabling routes from workstations to servers.
